Cette thèse concerne l'étude des propriétés structurales et magnétiques de nanoparticules magnétiques creuses (HMNPs), coquille et coquille/coquille. Les effets de surface sont exaltés de par la présence des surfaces interne et externe. L'étude expérimentale de HMNPs basée sur des mesures magnétiques et de spectrométrie Mössbauer du 57Fe a montré une structure magnétique complexe. Les HMNPs ayant une épaisseur ultrafine présentent une structure magnétique décrite par 2 sous-réseaux spero-magnétiques opposés, en plus de la présence d’un champ d'échange bias significatif. L'effet de la taille et de l'épaisseur des HMNPs a été également étudié. Les spectres Mössbauer obtenus sous champ magnétique montrent que la structure magnétique est fortement corrélée au rapport surface/volume. Ces résultats expérimentaux ont été confirmés par simulation Monte Carlo. Après optimisation du modèle, l’approche numérique montre d’abord que l'anisotropie de surface Ks gouverne le comportement magnétique des HMNPs et ensuite que la valeur critique de Ks nécessaire pour obtenir une configuration radiale (spike) diminue lorsque la taille des HMNPs augmente. L'étude numérique menée pour différentes tailles et épaisseurs de coquille, a permis de suivre leurs effets sur la structure magnétique des HMNPs. Par ailleurs, l'étude expéri-mentale menée sur des HMNPs shell/shell, montre que le désordre des spins et le champ d'échange bias deviennent plus importants lorsque les HMNPs sont recouvertes d’une coquille antiferromagnétique (NiO). De ces résultats, on peut déduire l'effet du désordre des spins sur les phénomènes d'échange bias dans un tel système. / This thesis concerns the study of structural and magnetic properties of hollow magnetic nanoparticles (HMNPs), shell and shell/shell. These HMNPs present enhanced surface effects resulting from the presence of both inner and outer surface layers. The experimental investigation combining magne-tic measurements and 57Fe Mössbauer spectrometry of such HMNPs has revealed a complex spin magnetic structure. Small HMNPs with ultrathin thickness show highly disordered magnetic structure and the corresponding in-field hyperfine structure can be described by means of 2 speromagnetic antiferromagnetically coupled, in addition to the significant exchange bias phenomenon. The in-field Mössbauer study of the effect of size and thickness of HMNPs shows that the spin disorder is strongly correlated to the surface to volume ratio. Those experimental magnetic behaviors were confirmed using Monte Carlo simulation. Indeed, after improving the numeric model, it is concluded that surface anisotropy Ks has a dominant role in the magnetic behavior of HMNPs and the value of critical Ks necessary to obtain radial (spike) configuration decreases as the size of HMNPs increases, keeping the same thickness. The numeric study for different sizes and shell thicknesses allows the effect of these parameters on the spin structure of HMNPs to be followed. Then, the experi-mental study extended to shell/shell HMNPs indicates that the spin disorder is enhanced in HMNPs with antiferromagnetic shell (NiO) in addition to larger exchange bias field. From those results, one can try to deduce the effect of spin disorder on the exchange bias phenomena in such system.

Orientador: Pascoal José Giglio Pagliuso / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Fisica Gleb Wataghin / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T12:30:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Iwamoto_WellingtonAkira_D.pdf: 11664469 bytes, checksum: 8790fc8d822330998a201e2b73fea42c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Sistemas de dimensões reduzidas possuem muitas aplicações tecnológicas. Há uma corrida para o desenvolvimento de dispositivos cada vez menores assim como para alcançar o controle e manipulação de dispositivos na escala nanométrica. Isto requer estudos sistemáticos de propriedades físicas em sistemas de tamanhos reduzidos. O foco deste trabalho é o estudo de Ressonância de Spin Eletrônico (ESR) em sistemas de dimensões reduzidas. Os materiais escolhidos para esse estudo foram filmes finos de GaAs, GaN dopados com Mn (GaMnAs e GaMnN), filmes finos amorfos de silício dopados com terras-raras a-Si:RE (RE = Y, Gd, Er e Lu) e nanopartículas (NPs) dopadas com impurezas magnéticas de terras-raras e metal de transição em matrizes metálicas Ag:R (R = Er, Yb e Mn) e em isolantes NaYF4:Gd. A finalidade desse estudo é explorar as propriedades magnéticas microscópicas destes sistemas. Os resultados das medidas em filmes de GaMnAs e GaMnN indicaram ausência de ferromagnetismo de longo alcance. Os experimentos de ESR mostraram ausência da relação entre largura de linha (?H) de ESR e a concentração de íons de Mn2+, mas foi observado que ?H aumenta conforme o nível de cristalinidade das amostras aumenta. Além disso, há um aumento de ?H em baixas temperaturas para os filmes com maior nível de cristalinidade, sugerindo uma correlação magnética de curto alcance entre os íons magnéticos se estabelecendo nessas amostras. Resultados similares foram encontrados para os filmes de GaMnN, exceto na medida de magnetização em função do campo magnético para GaMnN, a qual podemos observar ¿loops¿ ferromagnéticos abaixo de T ? 50 K ao contrário dos filmes de GaMnAs que não observamos nenhum ¿loop¿ ferromagnético em T = 2 K. Para outro grupo de filmes de a-Si:RE, foi estudado o efeito de redução na densidade de estados ligações pendentes (D0) nos filmes Si dopados com diferentes espécies de terras-raras (RE¿s) em função das diferentes concentrações. De acordo com nossos resultados, a dopagem com RE reduz a intensidade do sinal de ESR dos estados D0 com uma dependência exponencial das concentrações de RE¿s. As NPs de Ag:R e de NaYF4:Gd foram preparadas pelo método químico. Nós observamos uma forma de linha de ESR tipicamente Lorentziana consistente com os estados fundamentais dos íons de Er3+, Yb3+ e Mn2+ em simetria cúbica. O fator g encontrado para esses íons nas NPs é muito próximo ao observado em sistemas isolantes cúbicos, ao contrário do encontrado em metais, onde é observado um deslocamento de g. Além disso, não foi possível observar a relaxação Korringa para as linhas de ESR de Er3+, Yb3+ e Mn2+ no sistema de NPs que é observada, tipicamente, em metais. Logo, esses resultados nos levam a acreditar que a interação de troca (Jfs) entre os momentos localizados dos íons magnéticos (ML) e os elétrons de condução (c-e) está ausente no sistema de NPs de Ag:R, indicando que a natureza desta interação deveria ser reexaminada na escala nanométrica. Para as NPs de NaYF4:Gd, o controle do tamanho da partícula foi adquirido segundo a quantidade de rps = precursor/surfactantes. Não foi observada nenhuma evidência de cluster de Gd e observamos o espectro de ESR com as mesmas características já observadas no sistema bulk : três linhas de ressonância, sendo essas linhas com origens bem controvérsias, das quais não sabemos se é de origem de um campo cristalino de combinações de simetria cúbica com tetragonal ou mesmo rômbica ou mesmo de sítios de Gd3+ com simetrias mais baixas / Abstract: Reduced dimensions systems present many potencial technological applications. There is great interest in the development of small scale devices as well as in the control and manipulation at the nanoscale and in study of finite size on physical properties. The main goal of this work is the study of Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) in systems of reduced dimensions. The materials chosen for this study were thin films of GaAs, GaN doped with Mn (GaMnAs and GaMnN), amorphous silicon thin films doped with rare-earth a-Si:RE (RE = Y, Gd, Er and Lu) and nanoparticles (NPs) doped with magnetic impurities such as of rare earth and transition metal doped Ag:R (R = Er, Yb and Mn) and insulating NaYF4:Gd. The purpose of this study is to explore the microscopic magnetic properties of these systems. The results of the measurements in GaMnAs and GaMnN films indicated absence of long range ferromagnetism. the ESR results reveal no relationship between ESR linewidth (?H) and the Mn2+ concentration in this films. Instead, a broadening of the ESR ?H was found as a function of the increasing in the crystallinity level of the films. Furthermore, for the films with higher level of crystallinity, a significant broadening of the ESR ?H is observed as the temperature is decreased, suggesting the development of short-range magnetic correlations between the Mn2+ ions. Similar results were found for films GaMnN, except in the magnetization versus magnetic field experiments for GaMnN, which we could observe ferromagnetic loops in T < 50 K, in constract of GaMnAs films where no ferromagnetic loop in T = 2 K was found for all measured films. For the other group of films, a-Si, we studied the suppresion effects in the density of dangling bonds species D0 states as function concentration for different Rare-Earth (RE¿s) species. According to our data, the RE-doping reduces the ESR signal intensity of the D0 states with an exponential dependence on the Re¿s concentrations. Ag:R and NaYF4:Gd NPs were prepared by chemical method. We observed a typical Lorentzian line-shape ESR lines for all studied dopants (R = Er, Yb e Mn). The gfactor found for Er3+, Yb3+ e Mn2+ in the nanoparticles is very close to g-value found in ground-states of these ions in insulating cubic systems, in contrast that what was found in metals, where it is observed a g-shift for the metallic system. Furthermore, it was not possible to observe the Korringa relaxation for the ESR lines of Er3+, Yb3+ e Mn2+ in the NPs system typically observed in metals. Therefore, the results suggest that the exchange interaction (Jfs) between localized magnetic moments (ML) and conduction electrons (c-e) is absent in Ag:R NPs, indicating that the nature of this interaction needs to be reexamined at the nanoscale range. For NaYF4:Gd NPs, the particle control size was obtained by the amount of rps = precursor/surfactant. There was no evidence of Gd clusters in our results and we found the same characteristics observed in the bulk system: three resonance lines, with the controversies origins. It is still unknown the source of crystalline field of cubic symmetry with tetragonal combinations or orthorhombic or even Gd3+ sites with lower symmetries / Doutorado / Física da Matéria Condensada / Doutor em Ciências

In this thesis, patterning methods to fabricate various functional particle patterns on substrates were developed, with the main aim of modifying the properties and functions of the substrates. Two classes of model substrates were selected; topographically patterned and smooth substrates. For the first model system, i.e., topographically patterned substrates, replication molding was used to topographically pattern substrates of different materials. The topographically patterned substrates, including TiO2, block-copolymer substrates (PS-b-P2VP and PS-b-P4VP), and microrings (TiO2 and Au), were then used to assemble silica (SiO2) microparticles for functional applications. By the assembly of microparticles on topographically patterned substrates, the wettability of the former could be reversibly switched from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. Moreover, a platform for the preparation of Janus particles by orthogonal functionalization of the top and bottom sides of microparticles assembled on topographically patterned substrates was developed. Clusters of superparamagnetic nanoparticles were stamped on the second class of model substrates, i.e., smooth silanized silicon substrates. A capillary stamping approach combined with an external permanent magnetic field or electromagnets was realized to print magnetic nanoparticle-based inks. In this way, ordered arrays of clusters of magnetic nanoparticles were produced.

No description available.

Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, das Preisach-Modell bezüglich stochastischer äußerer Felder und temperaturbezogener Aspekte zu untersuchen. Das phänomenologische Preisach-Modell wird oft erfolgreich angewendet, um Systeme mit Hysterese zu beschreiben. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit wird die Antwort des Preisach-Modells auf stochastische äußere Felder untersucht. Hier liegt das Augenmerk hauptsächlich auf der Autokorrelation; sie dient dazu den Einfluss des hysteretischen Gedächtnisses zu quantifizieren. Mit analytischen Methoden wird gezeigt, dass sich ein Langzeitgedächtnis, sichtbar in der Autokorrelation der Systemantwort, entwickeln kann, selbst wenn das treibende Feld unkorreliert ist. Im Anschluss werden diese Resultate, m.H. von Simulationen, auf äußere Felder ausgeweitet, die selbst Korrelationen aufweisen können. Der zweite Teil der Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Einfluss einer endlichen Temperatur auf das Preisach-Modell. Es werden unterschiedliche Methoden besprochen, wie das Nichtgleichgewichtsmodell in seiner mikromagnetischen Interpretation mit Temperatur als Gleichgewichtseigenschaft verknüpft werden kann. Eine Formulierung wird genutzt, um die Magnetisierung von Nickelnanopartikeln in einer Fullerenmatrix zu simulieren und mit Experimenten zu vergleichen. Des Weiteren wird die Relaxationsdynamik des Gedächtnisses des Preisach-Modells bei endlichen Temperaturen untersucht. / The aim of this thesis is to investigate the Preisach model in regard to stochastically driving and temperature-related aspects. The Preisach model is a phenomenological model for systems with hysteresis which is often successfully applied. Hysteresis is a widespread phenomenon which is observed in nature and the key feature of certain technological applications. Further, it contributes to phenomena of interest in social science and economics as well. Prominent examples are the magnetization of ferromagnetic materials in an external magnetic field or the adsorption-desorption hysteresis observed in porous media. Hysteresis involves the development of a hysteresis memory, and multistability in the interrelations between external driving fields and system response. In the first part, we mainly investigate the response of Preisach hysteresis models driven by stochastic input processes with regard to autocorrelation functions to quantify the influence of the system’s memory. Using rigorous methods, it is shown that the development of a hysteresis memory is reflected in the possibility of long-time tails in the autocorrelation functions, even for uncorrelated driving fields. In the case of uncorrelated driving, these long-time tails in the autocorrelations of the system’s response are determined only by the tails of the involved densities. They will be observed if there are broad Preisach densities assigning a high weight to elementary loops of large width and narrow input densities such that rare extreme events of the input time series contribute significantly to the output for a long period of time. Afterwards, these results are extended by simulations to driving fields which themselves show correlations. It is shown that the autocorrelation of the output does not decay faster than the autocorrelation of the input process. Further, there is a possibility that long-term memory in the hysteretic response is more pronounced in the case of uncorrelated driving than in the case of correlated driving. The behavior of the output probability distribution at the saturation values is quite universal. It is not affected by the presence of correlations and allows conclusions whether the input density is much more narrow than the Preisach density or not. Moreover, the existence of effective Preisach densities is shown which define equivalence classes of systems of input and Preisach densities which lead to realizations of the same output variable. The asymptotic behavior of an effective Preisach density determines the asymptotic correlation decay of the system’s response in the case of uncorrelated driving. In the second part, temperature-related effects are considered. It is reviewed how the non-equilibrium Preisach model in its micromagnetic picture can be related to temperature within the framework of extended irreversible thermodynamics. The irreversible response of a ferromagnetic material, namely, Nickel nanoparticles in a fullerene matrix, is simulated. The model includes superparamagnetism where ferromagnetism breaks down at temperatures lower than the Curie temperature and the results are compared to experimental data. Furthermore, we adapt known results for the thermal relaxation of the system’s memory in the form of a front propagation in the Preisach plane derived basically from solving a master equation and by the use of a contradictory assumption. A closer look is taken at short time scales which dissolves the contradiction and shows that the known results apply, taking into account the fact that the dividing line propagation starts with an additional delay time depending on the front coordinates in the Preisach plane. Additionally, it is outlined how thermal relaxation behavior in the Preisach model of hysteresis can be studied using a Fokker-Planck equation. The latter is solved analytically in the non-hysteretic limit using eigenfunction methods. The results indicate a change in the relaxation behavior, especially on short time scales.

Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, das Preisach-Modell bezüglich stochastischer äußerer Felder und temperaturbezogener Aspekte zu untersuchen. Das phänomenologische Preisach-Modell wird oft erfolgreich angewendet, um Systeme mit Hysterese zu beschreiben. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit wird die Antwort des Preisach-Modells auf stochastische äußere Felder untersucht. Hier liegt das Augenmerk hauptsächlich auf der Autokorrelation; sie dient dazu den Einfluss des hysteretischen Gedächtnisses zu quantifizieren. Mit analytischen Methoden wird gezeigt, dass sich ein Langzeitgedächtnis, sichtbar in der Autokorrelation der Systemantwort, entwickeln kann, selbst wenn das treibende Feld unkorreliert ist. Im Anschluss werden diese Resultate, m.H. von Simulationen, auf äußere Felder ausgeweitet, die selbst Korrelationen aufweisen können. Der zweite Teil der Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Einfluss einer endlichen Temperatur auf das Preisach-Modell. Es werden unterschiedliche Methoden besprochen, wie das Nichtgleichgewichtsmodell in seiner mikromagnetischen Interpretation mit Temperatur als Gleichgewichtseigenschaft verknüpft werden kann. Eine Formulierung wird genutzt, um die Magnetisierung von Nickelnanopartikeln in einer Fullerenmatrix zu simulieren und mit Experimenten zu vergleichen. Des Weiteren wird die Relaxationsdynamik des Gedächtnisses des Preisach-Modells bei endlichen Temperaturen untersucht. / The aim of this thesis is to investigate the Preisach model in regard to stochastically driving and temperature-related aspects. The Preisach model is a phenomenological model for systems with hysteresis which is often successfully applied. Hysteresis is a widespread phenomenon which is observed in nature and the key feature of certain technological applications. Further, it contributes to phenomena of interest in social science and economics as well. Prominent examples are the magnetization of ferromagnetic materials in an external magnetic field or the adsorption-desorption hysteresis observed in porous media. Hysteresis involves the development of a hysteresis memory, and multistability in the interrelations between external driving fields and system response. In the first part, we mainly investigate the response of Preisach hysteresis models driven by stochastic input processes with regard to autocorrelation functions to quantify the influence of the system’s memory. Using rigorous methods, it is shown that the development of a hysteresis memory is reflected in the possibility of long-time tails in the autocorrelation functions, even for uncorrelated driving fields. In the case of uncorrelated driving, these long-time tails in the autocorrelations of the system’s response are determined only by the tails of the involved densities. They will be observed if there are broad Preisach densities assigning a high weight to elementary loops of large width and narrow input densities such that rare extreme events of the input time series contribute significantly to the output for a long period of time. Afterwards, these results are extended by simulations to driving fields which themselves show correlations. It is shown that the autocorrelation of the output does not decay faster than the autocorrelation of the input process. Further, there is a possibility that long-term memory in the hysteretic response is more pronounced in the case of uncorrelated driving than in the case of correlated driving. The behavior of the output probability distribution at the saturation values is quite universal. It is not affected by the presence of correlations and allows conclusions whether the input density is much more narrow than the Preisach density or not. Moreover, the existence of effective Preisach densities is shown which define equivalence classes of systems of input and Preisach densities which lead to realizations of the same output variable. The asymptotic behavior of an effective Preisach density determines the asymptotic correlation decay of the system’s response in the case of uncorrelated driving. In the second part, temperature-related effects are considered. It is reviewed how the non-equilibrium Preisach model in its micromagnetic picture can be related to temperature within the framework of extended irreversible thermodynamics. The irreversible response of a ferromagnetic material, namely, Nickel nanoparticles in a fullerene matrix, is simulated. The model includes superparamagnetism where ferromagnetism breaks down at temperatures lower than the Curie temperature and the results are compared to experimental data. Furthermore, we adapt known results for the thermal relaxation of the system’s memory in the form of a front propagation in the Preisach plane derived basically from solving a master equation and by the use of a contradictory assumption. A closer look is taken at short time scales which dissolves the contradiction and shows that the known results apply, taking into account the fact that the dividing line propagation starts with an additional delay time depending on the front coordinates in the Preisach plane. Additionally, it is outlined how thermal relaxation behavior in the Preisach model of hysteresis can be studied using a Fokker-Planck equation. The latter is solved analytically in the non-hysteretic limit using eigenfunction methods. The results indicate a change in the relaxation behavior, especially on short time scales.

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Dissertationsschrift „Semi-quantitative röntgentomographische Untersuchungen zur Biodistribution von magnetischen Nanopartikeln in biologischem Gewebe“ wurden tomographische Untersuchungen an biologischen Objekten durchgeführt. Bei diesen Objekten handelt es sich um Gewebeproben nach minimal-invasiven Krebstherapien wie zum Beispiel magnetischem Drug Targeting und magnetischer Wärmebehandlung. Der Erfolg dieser Therapien ist sowohl abhängig von der korrekten Verteilung der magnetischen Nanopartikel als auch von der Tatsache, dass diese in der Zielregion in einer ausreichenden Menge vorhanden sind. Das Vorliegen dieser beiden Voraussetzungen ist in der vorliegenden Arbeit untersucht worden. Dabei lag der Schwerpunkt der Arbeit auf der Quantifizierung von magnetischem Material in unterschiedlichen biologischen Gewebeproben mittels Röntgenmikrocomputertomographie (XµCT). Für diesen Zweck wurde ein Kalibrationssystem mit speziellen Phantomen entwickelt, mit dessen Hilfe eine Nanopartikelkonzentration einem Grauwert voxelweise zugewiesen werden kann. Mit Hilfe der Kalibration kann der Nanopartikelgehalt sowohl in monochromatischen als auch in polychromatischen tomographischen Daten im Vergleich zu magnetorelaxometrischen Ergebnissen mit wenigen Prozent Abweichung ermittelt werden. Trotz Polychromasie und damit einhergehenden Artefakten können 3-dimensionale röntgentomographische Datensätze mit einer geringfügigen Konzentrationsabweichung im Vergleich zur quantitativen Messmethode Magnetorelaxometrie semi-quantitativ ausgewertet werden. / The success of the minimal invasive cancer therapies, called magnetic drug targeting and magnetic heating treatment, depends strongly on the correct distribution of the magnetic nanoparticles on one side. On the other side it depends on the fact that a sufficient amount of magnetic nanoparticles carrying drugs is accumulated in the target region. To study whether these two requirements are fulfilled motivates this PhD thesis „Semi-quantitative X-ray-tomography examinations of biodistribution of magnetic nanoparticles in biological tissues“. The analysis of the distribution of the magnetic nanoparticles in tumours and other tissue examples is realized by means of X-ray-micro computer tomography (XμCT). The work focuses on the quantification of the magnetic nanoparticles in different biological tissue samples by means of XµCT. A calibration of the tomographic devices with adequate phantoms, developed in the frame of this work, opens now the possibility to analyze tomographic data in a semi-quantitative manner. Thus, the nanoparticle concentration can be allocated voxel-wise to the grey values of the three-dimensional tomographic data. With the help of calibration of the tomography equipments used, polychromatic as well as monochromatic three-dimensional representations of objects can be analyzed with regard to the biodistribution of magnetic nanoparticles as well as with regard to their quantity. The semi-quantitative results have been compared with results obtained with a quantitative measurement method magnetorelaxometry (MRX). Thereby a good agreement of the semi-quantitative and quantitative data has been figured out.

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Dissertationsschrift „Semi-quantitative röntgentomographische Untersuchungen zur Biodistribution von magnetischen Nanopartikeln in biologischem Gewebe“ wurden tomographische Untersuchungen an biologischen Objekten durchgeführt. Bei diesen Objekten handelt es sich um Gewebeproben nach minimal-invasiven Krebstherapien wie zum Beispiel magnetischem Drug Targeting und magnetischer Wärmebehandlung. Der Erfolg dieser Therapien ist sowohl abhängig von der korrekten Verteilung der magnetischen Nanopartikel als auch von der Tatsache, dass diese in der Zielregion in einer ausreichenden Menge vorhanden sind. Das Vorliegen dieser beiden Voraussetzungen ist in der vorliegenden Arbeit untersucht worden. Dabei lag der Schwerpunkt der Arbeit auf der Quantifizierung von magnetischem Material in unterschiedlichen biologischen Gewebeproben mittels Röntgenmikrocomputertomographie (XµCT). Für diesen Zweck wurde ein Kalibrationssystem mit speziellen Phantomen entwickelt, mit dessen Hilfe eine Nanopartikelkonzentration einem Grauwert voxelweise zugewiesen werden kann. Mit Hilfe der Kalibration kann der Nanopartikelgehalt sowohl in monochromatischen als auch in polychromatischen tomographischen Daten im Vergleich zu magnetorelaxometrischen Ergebnissen mit wenigen Prozent Abweichung ermittelt werden. Trotz Polychromasie und damit einhergehenden Artefakten können 3-dimensionale röntgentomographische Datensätze mit einer geringfügigen Konzentrationsabweichung im Vergleich zur quantitativen Messmethode Magnetorelaxometrie semi-quantitativ ausgewertet werden. / The success of the minimal invasive cancer therapies, called magnetic drug targeting and magnetic heating treatment, depends strongly on the correct distribution of the magnetic nanoparticles on one side. On the other side it depends on the fact that a sufficient amount of magnetic nanoparticles carrying drugs is accumulated in the target region. To study whether these two requirements are fulfilled motivates this PhD thesis „Semi-quantitative X-ray-tomography examinations of biodistribution of magnetic nanoparticles in biological tissues“. The analysis of the distribution of the magnetic nanoparticles in tumours and other tissue examples is realized by means of X-ray-micro computer tomography (XμCT). The work focuses on the quantification of the magnetic nanoparticles in different biological tissue samples by means of XµCT. A calibration of the tomographic devices with adequate phantoms, developed in the frame of this work, opens now the possibility to analyze tomographic data in a semi-quantitative manner. Thus, the nanoparticle concentration can be allocated voxel-wise to the grey values of the three-dimensional tomographic data. With the help of calibration of the tomography equipments used, polychromatic as well as monochromatic three-dimensional representations of objects can be analyzed with regard to the biodistribution of magnetic nanoparticles as well as with regard to their quantity. The semi-quantitative results have been compared with results obtained with a quantitative measurement method magnetorelaxometry (MRX). Thereby a good agreement of the semi-quantitative and quantitative data has been figured out.