Abstract not available

Det här är en fallstudie av hur integrationspolitiska mål översätts tvärsektoriellt inom den regionala utvecklingspolitiken: i en rad olika sammanhang på nationell, regional och kommunal nivå. I studien beskrivs och analyseras hur idén om integration genom mainstreaming översätts till den regionala utvecklingspolitiken, för att fortsätta med en fördjupad analys av det regionala tillväxtpartnerskapet i Östergötland samt olika lokala kommunala tillväxtpartnerskap. Avslutningsvis jämförs resultaten från Östergötland med utvecklingen i landets övriga 20 regionala tillväxtpartnerskap. I avhandlingen visas att det fanns höga ambitioner om att genomföra en mainstreaming, bland annat med hjälp av nätverksstyrning. Så skedde också i olika målsättningstexter och beslut. Men när dessa målsättningar och beslut skulle omvandlas till aktiviteter, fullföljdes inte mainstreamingen. Man avstod helt från att göra något inriktat mot invandrare eller så genomfördes olika former av säråtgärder för invandrare. Avhandlingen visar dock på stora skillnader mellan olika aktörer och sammanhang. I vissa fall var man nära på att uppfylla kraven på en mainstreaming, i andra valde man att inte försöka. I avhandlingen visas också att hinder för genomförandet varit föreställningar om invandrare och invandrarfrågor som ej bidragande i ekonomiska tillväxtsammanhang, brist på styrningskompetens och resurser samt ett bristande kunnande om hur man skulle mainstreama integration. / This is a case study of how the Swedish migrant policy is cross-sectorally translated into the regional development policy area: at national, regional and municipal levels. The study describes and analyzes first how the idea of integration through mainstreaming is translated into the regional development policy. Secondly it conducts an in-depth analysis of the Regional Growth Partnership in the region of Östergötland as well as various municipality based growth partnerships. Finally, the results are compared with the development of other Regional Growth Partnerships (21 in total) in Sweden. The thesis shows that there were high ambitions for implementing the idea of mainstreaming integration, including the use of network governance. This also was reflected in other objectives and decisions. But when these goals and decisions were to be transformed into activities, the mainstreaming they were not completed. All actors refrained from implementing the proposed mainstreaming model; but some did implement various forms of side-stream measures for migrants. The thesis reveals large differences between different actors and contexts. In some cases, they were close to meeting the requirements of mainstreaming, in others they chose not to try at all. The thesis also shows that hindrances to translations were negatively related to the categorizations of immigrants, lack of management skills and resources and a lack of knowledge about how to mainstream integration of immigrants.

The functioning of a teacher support team is an important aspect in improving quality of education, because it has as its purpose the enhancement of collaboration and support to educators and development of conditions for learners to become more successful. This research study explored the functioning of teacher support teams in primary and elementary schools of the Western Cape Education Department of South Africa and Massachusetts in the United States of America, in assisting educators of learners with special needs in mainstream schools.

The purpose of this study is to explore the challenges experienced by learners with visual impairment in two mainstream schools in Klerksdorp, Dr Kenneth Kaunda District. The aim is to describe the challenges experienced by visually impaired learners and how they are truly included in the mainstream school curriculum, to analyse the nature of support as well as the adaptation and accommodation made for learners with visual impairment in the mainstream schools. I purposefully selected the participants and used semi-structured interviews; observation method was also used to enhance the information collected during the interviews. A qualitative research approach was followed, underpinned by interpretive method as a paradigm. The participants included in two schools in Dr Kenneth Kaunda District were four teachers teaching learners with visual impairment (two from each school), two parents of learners with visual impairment, four learners with visual impairment (two from each school), one specialist (itinerant) teacher designated to assist and support learners with visual impairment in both schools and two principal (one from each school). A total of thirteen participants were involved in this study. The data were audio-recorded for accurate transcription and analysis. From the research it was found that even though the learners with visual impairment are now physically integrated in the mainstream classes, they are not yet truly included. The teachers are not adequately supported and trained and most of the parents of learners with visual impairment are not involved in their children’s schooling. The teaching methods and materials are not adequately adapted for them and the physical environment within the classes and school grounds are not yet truly accessible for them. The school needs resources and change in teachers’ attitude; teachers do not understand the rationale behind inclusive education. Finally, the vision and mission statements of the school were drafted but did not provide a clear and practical guideline towards the inclusion of learners with visual impairment. I hope that the findings of this study will be of valuable use to both schools in Dr Kenneth Kaunda District and to the Ministry of Basic Education with regard to progress in the inclusion of LVI in the mainstream. / Inclusive Education / M. Ed. (Inclusive Education)

MGS / Institute for Gender and Youth Studies / Gender mainstreaming has been adopted as a strategy for promoting gender equality in institutions of higher learning worldwide, and not least in Africa. There are perceptions that most strategic higher positions in institutions of Higher learning are dominated by men while women are marginalized. This study therefore explored Gender Mainstreaming in institutions of higher learning. In particular, the study was based at a rural university in Limpopo, South Africa. The study was based on a Feminist Theoretical Framework, where a mixed method approach was embarked upon. The study involved a population of 840 participants who were sampled to 84. Purposive sampling was used to select 9 participants who were interviewed and stratified sampling was used to select a sample of 75 participants who were given questionnaires. The findings of the study are as follows: Males at the University of Venda continue to occupy higher echelons of power. Women continue to be under-represented in the positions of Deans, HODs, School Administrators and Directors. The university has strategies in place for female staff to acquire equal representation in senior management positions. Factors hindering the implementation of the 50/50 parity on gender stem from the lack of commitment from top management, and the stereotyping of women’s roles. Some respondents indicated that they do not know of the gender policy at the University of Venda. The university uses the Employment Equity Act of 1998, but, it is not clear whether line managers are aware how it should be implemented. Gender mainstreaming policy is feasible. The study recommends that there should be more gender awareness activities such as workshops, conferences, and symposia for workers and staff members in order to sensitize them about gender mainstreaming.

Disability Mainstreaming zielt (analog zu Gender Mainstreaming) darauf, Anliegen und Bedürfnisse der Personengruppe 'Menschen mit Behinderung' nicht allein in den für diese Gruppe offensichtlich wichtigen Bereichen anzusprechen, sondern sie in allen gesellschaftspolitischen Handlungsebenen mitzudenken und dementsprechende Forderungen umzusetzen. Dabei wird ‚Behinderung‘ vorrangig als soziale Konstruktion interpretiert, die mit der Erfahrung von Diskriminierung und Exklusion einhergeht.

Genderkompetenz umfasst die Fähigkeit und Motivation zur kritischen Reflexion sozialer, geschlechtsbezogener Zuschreibungen auf Grundlage des Wissens über ihre Entstehung und ihre gesellschaftlichen Auswirkungen sowie zu einer Anwendung des Wissens, mit welcher das eigene Handeln zu einem Abbau von Ungleichheiten in den Geschlechterverhältnissen beiträgt. Kritisiert werden u. a. eine Beliebigkeit des Begriffs und die Individualisierung struktureller Gründe sozialer Ungleichheit, die vor allem durch den Bezug zum Kompetenzbegriff naheliegt.

An exploratory, qualitative research design was used to explore the role, attitude, views and competence of the community nurse to integrate children with disabilities into the community of the Mafikeng district, in the North West Province. Barriers to the integration of children with disabilities into the community as well as strategies to address these barriers were identified. Focus group discussions were conducted to collect data from the community nurses and parents of children with disabilities. Interviews were also conducted to collect data from the clinic health managers. The findings of this study reveal that the community nurse is instrumental in integrating children with disabilities into the community. However, barriers related to the family, community and health system are challenges to the integration process. The recommendations of this study deal with addressing these barriers. / Health Studies / M. A. (Health Studies)

Summaries en Afrikaans and English / Text in Afrikaans / Een van die kenmerke van leergestremde kinders is dat hulle, benewens hul leertekorte, dikwels ook gedragsprobleme manifesteer wat nie net hul leer benadeel nie, maar ook hul uiteindelike volwassewording. Talle skoolse opvoeders wat met hierdie kinders gemoeid is, is nie in staat om hierdie kinders se gedragsprobleme na behore aan te spreek nie. Die doel van hierdie studie is om enkele onderrigstrategiee daar te stel aan die hand waarvan bepaalde gedragsprobleme van leergestremde laerskoolkinders in die hoofstroom van die onderwys aangespreek kan word. V oordat daar oorgegaan is tot die beplanning van hierdie onderrigstrategiee, is daar op die etiologie en manifestasies van leergestremdheid gefokus. Vervolgens is enkele bestaande hulpverleningspraktyke bespreek en aan die hand van ortopedagogiese beginsels geevalueer. Aangesien hierdie hulpverleningspraktyke as ortopedagogies verantwoordbaar beskou is, kon dit as basis dien vir onderrigstrategiee vir die bantering van die volgende gedragsprobleme: aandagtekorte, hiperaktiwiteit, impulsiwiteit, hipoaktiwiteit, katastrofiese gedragsuitinge en aggressie. / One of the characteristics associated with learning disabled pupils is that they not only experience learning difficulties, but often manifest behavioural problems that impede their learning and eventual adulthood. Many educators involved with learning disabled pupils are unable to address the behavioural problems of these children effectively. The purpose of this study is to compile instructional strategies that could be put into practice when dealing with the behavioural problems of learning disabled pupils who are in the mainstream of education. Before planning these strategies, the etiology and manifestations of learning disabilities were addressed. Thereafter, orthopedagogical criteria were applied to evalute certain schools of thought regarding orthopedagogical practices. Having ascertained that the practices in question are orthopedagogically sound, instructional strategies, based on these practices, were planned to address the following behavioural problems: attention deficits, hyperactivity, impulsivity, hypoactivity, catastrophic reactions and aggression. / Educational Studies / M.Ed. (Orthopedagogics)

Thesis (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002. / Page ii of digitised copy missing due to the condition of the original hard copy. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: no abstract available / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie bestudeer die rol wat die opvoedkundige sielkundige kan speel in die ondersteuning van leerders met Downsindroom tydens die insluiting tot hoofstroomonderwys. Die studie vind plaas in 'n tydperk waar postmoderne denke en demokratisering van onderwys in Suid-Afrika te voorskyn kom. Hierdie tipe studie is relevant. aangesien huidige beleidsdokumente klem Ie op die demokratisering van onderwys en die transformasie na inklusiewe onderwys. Die Universiteit van Pretoria het in samewerking met die Universiteit van Stellenbosch 'n lootsprojek geinisieer waarin inklusiewe onderwys bestudeer is. Die projek het bestaan uit 'n gevallestudie van tien leerders met Downsindroom wat gedurende 1996 in verskillende hoofstroom kleuterskole geplaas is, waartydens hulle 'n leergereedheidsprogram gevolg het. Gedurende 1997 is die leerders in graad eenklasse in die hoofstroom geplaas. Die leerders se agtergrond was divers ten aansien van hul onderrig, maar die meeste van hulle was eers in spesiale skole. Die doel van die studie was om die leerders, ouers en onderwysers te ondersteun en verdere ondersteuning in a trans-disslplinere span te koordineer. Die waarneming en temas wat in hierdie studie na yore gekom het, beklemtoon dat diagnose, evaluasie en terapeutiese ondersteuning binne 'n ekosistemiese raamwerk belangrik is vir leerders met Downsindroom wat in die hoofstroom geplaas word. Die konsep van holistiese gesondheidsontwikkeling word beklemtoon in die transformasie van onderwys in Suid-Afrika. Opvoedkundige sielkundiges moet hulself dus ook strategies posisioneer. Gedurende die studie is die volgende rolle vir die opvoedkundige sielkundige ge"identifiseer: psigoterapeut, assessor/evalueerder, fasiliteerder, navorser/reflektiewe praktisyn, vakspesialis, konsultant, bestuurder en administratiewe rol en laastens die rol van ontwikkelingsfasiliteerder. Dit is ook belangrik dat die opvoedkundige sielkundige die rol as fasiliteerder van geestesgesondheid vertolk.