Lean is a popular management method used in varying sectors including the welfare sector. There is a lot of research regarding leans efficacy but its effects on job satisfaction is poorly understood. Regarding this effect within the welfare sector there seems to be a complete lack research. The aim of this study was twofold. Firstly, to examine what the current research says about the relationship between lean and job satisfaction. Secondly to explore the operationalization of lean regarding that research. The method chosen was a systematic literature review. In analyzing the results, I used empowerment theory and theories about the operationalization of lean. This study found that the research shows a mixed picture. In general, the research showed a positive correlation between lean and job satisfaction but there are several contradictory findings. The limited amount of research, lacking operationalization and inadequate descriptions about the actual usage of lean means there is little room for drawing conclusions. However there seems to be a consensus regarding participatory work practices and empowerment within lean. Theses can have a positive effect on job satisfaction provided the organization gives enough support to the employees. This study has also attempted to generalize the conclusions about lean and job satisfaction towards the context of social work. From a theoretical perspective there could be a balance in lean where it leads to increased job satisfaction for the social worker. There are however glaring issues with implementing lean within the context of social work and it needs to be studied in more detail in order to draw any real conclusions.

<p>I ett samhälle där upphovsrätten och immaterialrätten blir allt mer uppmärksammad är det viktigt för företag att vara medvetna om sitt innehav av licenser för mjukvaror. I detta arbete kommer företags medvetenhet om deras licenshanteringssituation att undersökas. I den här rapporten kommer problemställningen att undersökas med hjälp av intervjuer med företag. Dessa intervjuer kommer att ske via telefon och per e-post. Ett liknande arbete har tidigare inte gjorts och därför känns det relevant samt intressant att göra denna undersökning.</p><p>Arbetet resulterade i intervjusvar från 11 företag. Det visade sig att företagens medvetenhet om deras licenshantering varierade stort, vilket även att storleken på företagen och innehav av en policy för licenshantering bland företagen gjorde. Metoden för licenshantering och licensinventering skiljde sig åt bland företagen.</p><p>Ett flertal program, tillammans med pärmar och Excel-listor var de dominerande licenshanteringsmetoderna bland företagen. Mjukvarutillverkarna och deras intresseorganisationer däribland BSA ställer krav på att företag som använder deras licensierade programvaror skall ha en strukturerad licenshantering. De ser gärna att företagen följer någon vedertagen metod för detta, en sådan metod är Software Asset Management, SAM.</p><p>Det är svårt att rekommendera någon licenshanteringsmetod och program som fungerar för samtliga företag, då användandet av dessa är väldigt företags- och organisationsspecifikt. De flesta större mjukvaror som finns i dagsläget följer en vedertagen metod för licenshantering och fungerar därmed bra att tillförlitligt inventera licenser med.</p> / <p>In a community where copyright and intellectual property law is getting more attention in the media, it is important for companies to be aware of their possession of software licenses. In this thesis we are going to investigate the awareness of the software licensing situation in some companies. To collect data that can be analyzed, we are interviewing companies. The interviews are performed by phone or e-mail. A similar report hasn’t been done before therefore it’s an interesting subject to look at.</p><p>The interviews resulted in answers from 11 companies. The answers showed that the awareness about software licensing among the companies had big variations. Some other things that varied among the companies were the size of the companies and the usage of software licensing policy within the companies. The way and method of handling software licensing also varied among the companies.</p><p>A lot of software programs, along with folders and Excel-lists dominated the method of handling software licenses among the companies. Software developing companies together with their interest organization for example BSA has demands on companies using their software to have a foreseeable documentation for the software licenses. They gladly see that the companies uses a best practice method to manage their license possessions, one best practice method is Software Asset Management, SAM.</p><p>It is hard to recommend a method for software license management to a non-specific company, because every company has a unique organization and computer network structure. Most of the big license management software is following a best practice method for software license management.</p>

The tasks of this thesis are: 1) to analyze a theoretical background of the strategic management; 2) identify the peculiarities of strategic management in Lithuanian municipalities; 3) to analyze the system of strategic management of development of Vilnius; 4) evaluate strategic management of Vilnius using Balanced Scorecard model; 5) suggest recommendations for improvement of strategic management of development of Vilnius. To meet the goal of the thesis theoretical background of the strategic management is analyzed and peculiarities of strategic management in Lithuanian municipalities are overviewed.

I ett samhälle där upphovsrätten och immaterialrätten blir allt mer uppmärksammad är det viktigt för företag att vara medvetna om sitt innehav av licenser för mjukvaror. I detta arbete kommer företags medvetenhet om deras licenshanteringssituation att undersökas. I den här rapporten kommer problemställningen att undersökas med hjälp av intervjuer med företag. Dessa intervjuer kommer att ske via telefon och per e-post. Ett liknande arbete har tidigare inte gjorts och därför känns det relevant samt intressant att göra denna undersökning. Arbetet resulterade i intervjusvar från 11 företag. Det visade sig att företagens medvetenhet om deras licenshantering varierade stort, vilket även att storleken på företagen och innehav av en policy för licenshantering bland företagen gjorde. Metoden för licenshantering och licensinventering skiljde sig åt bland företagen. Ett flertal program, tillammans med pärmar och Excel-listor var de dominerande licenshanteringsmetoderna bland företagen. Mjukvarutillverkarna och deras intresseorganisationer däribland BSA ställer krav på att företag som använder deras licensierade programvaror skall ha en strukturerad licenshantering. De ser gärna att företagen följer någon vedertagen metod för detta, en sådan metod är Software Asset Management, SAM. Det är svårt att rekommendera någon licenshanteringsmetod och program som fungerar för samtliga företag, då användandet av dessa är väldigt företags- och organisationsspecifikt. De flesta större mjukvaror som finns i dagsläget följer en vedertagen metod för licenshantering och fungerar därmed bra att tillförlitligt inventera licenser med. / In a community where copyright and intellectual property law is getting more attention in the media, it is important for companies to be aware of their possession of software licenses. In this thesis we are going to investigate the awareness of the software licensing situation in some companies. To collect data that can be analyzed, we are interviewing companies. The interviews are performed by phone or e-mail. A similar report hasn’t been done before therefore it’s an interesting subject to look at. The interviews resulted in answers from 11 companies. The answers showed that the awareness about software licensing among the companies had big variations. Some other things that varied among the companies were the size of the companies and the usage of software licensing policy within the companies. The way and method of handling software licensing also varied among the companies. A lot of software programs, along with folders and Excel-lists dominated the method of handling software licenses among the companies. Software developing companies together with their interest organization for example BSA has demands on companies using their software to have a foreseeable documentation for the software licenses. They gladly see that the companies uses a best practice method to manage their license possessions, one best practice method is Software Asset Management, SAM. It is hard to recommend a method for software license management to a non-specific company, because every company has a unique organization and computer network structure. Most of the big license management software is following a best practice method for software license management.

Abstract The present environmental anthropological study explores the premises and views of forest owners regarding different stages of forest management and factors affecting forest management by interviewing 24 owners of forest in the Northern Ostrobothnia region during 2005-2007. In addition, the views of forestry professionals were examined, mainly by using interviews from the ”Forest Professionals During Forestry’s Period of Transition” project collected during 1999-2002. The collected qualitative data was mostly employed in order to examine processes of reasoning in connection to both periodic- and continuous-cover silviculture. The views of the forest owners were compared to the Forestry Development Centre Tapio’s Forest Management Practice Recommendations. The research source materials also included the official documents from four cases involving forest regeneration and forest harvest sites in different parts of Finland during 2004-2008. The analysis in this study employs three perspectives, namely those of political ecology, cognitive anthropology and actor-network theory. When exploring the views of forest owners from the perspective of political ecology, these perspectives were examined as a part of the historical development of forestry and the discussion on forests in Finland. By applying the concept of cultural models from cognitive anthropology, two generalising models of thought were recognised in the interview material: an established model of forest management and an alternative model of forest management. The established model of forest management followed the management policy presented in the Forest Management Practice Recommendations. The alternative model of forest management diverged from the recommendations, but only in part. Views regarding what is natural, the implementation of different stages of forest management and how financial profitability is achieved from the forest owners’ point of view were, to some extent, different in these two models. However, it was not possible to identify the views of the interviewees as belonging entirely to one of the models only. The actor-network theory was particularly efficient in analysing court case documents in which the different views on forest management that were found in the cultural models become established. Based on the criticism presented in the source materials, it can be said that the differing views and needs of forest owners should be acknowledged in forest administration with greater versatility than is done at present. / Tiivistelmä Tässä ympäristöantropologisessa tutkimuksessa selvitettiin metsänomistajien perusteluita ja käsityksiä metsänhoidon vaiheista ja metsänhoitoon vaikuttavista tekijöistä haastattelemalla 24 Pohjois-Pohjanmaalla metsää omistavaa metsänomistajaa vuosina 2005–2007. Myös metsäalan ammattilaisten käsityksiä selvitettiin käyttäen aineistona lähinnä vuosina 1999–2002 kerättyjä ”Metsäammatit metsätalouden murroksessa” -hankkeen haastatteluita. Laadullisen aineiston avulla selvitettiin erityisesti jaksolliseen ja jatkuvaan metsänkasvatukseen liittyvää päättelyä. Metsänomistajien käsityksiä verrattiin Metsätalouden kehittämiskeskus Tapion hyvän metsänhoidon suosituksiin. Aineistona olivat myös neljän eri puolilla Suomea tapahtuneen metsänuudistamista ja hakkuita koskeneen oikeustapauksen asiakirja-aineistot vuosilta 2004–2008. Analyysissä hyödynnettiin kolmea näkökulmaa: poliittista ekologiaa, kognitiivista antropologiaa ja toimijaverkkoteoriaa. Poliittisen ekologian näkökulmassa metsänomistajien käsityksiä tarkasteltiin osana Suomen metsätalouden ja metsäkeskustelun historiallista kehitystä. Kognitiivisen antropologian kulttuuristen mallien käsitettä käyttäen haastatteluaineistosta nostettiin esiin kaksi yleistävää ajattelumallia: vaihtoehtoisen metsänhoidon malli ja vakiintuneen metsänhoidon malli. Vakiintuneen metsänhoidon malli mukaili Hyvän metsänhoidon suosituksissa esitettyä metsänhoidon linjaa. Vaihtoehtoisen metsänhoidon malli erosi suosituksista osittain. Käsitykset metsänhoidon luonnonmukaisuudesta, metsänhoidon vaiheiden toteutuksesta ja taloudellisen kannattavuuden muodostumisesta metsänomistajien kannalta poikkesivat näissä malleissa toisistaan joiltakin osin. Haastateltujen käsityksiä ei voinut jaotella aina kaikilta osiltaan vain toiseen malliin kuuluvaksi. Toimijaverkkoteoria jäsensi erityisesti oikeustapausaineistoja, joissa tiivistyivät kulttuurisissa malleissa esiintyneet käsitykset metsänhoidosta. Aineistossa esitetyn kritiikin pohjalta metsähallinnoinnissa olisi huomioitava metsänomistajien vaihtelevat käsitykset ja tarpeet entistä monipuolisemmin.

The aim of my thesis is proposal of the system for evaluation and selection of the supplier for company in automotive industry. The described topic is concerned in purchasing of production components, i.e. those components, parts, etc. which are intended for direct assembly into the final product of our company.

The subject of the dissertation is a financial analysis of an enterprise and following overall assessment of financial condition of the company during 2006 - 2009. The design part of the dissertation is focused on development and streamlining of enterprise management and individual proposals are concentrated mainly on optimization of reserves and investment in the area of production technologies.

No description available.

Магистерская работа состоит из введения, трех глав, заключения, списка литературы из 45 источников. Основное содержание изложено на 106 страницах, работа включает 12 таблиц, 12 рисунков и 2 приложения. Основное содержание работы. В первой главе «Сущность информационных рисков» определены основные понятия, связанные с управлением рисками, информационными технологиями, оценкой рисков. Описана классификация информационных рисков по различным критериям, рассмотрены общепринятые принятые методы анализа и управления рисками. Во второй главе «Роль информационных рисков в деятельности промышленных предприятий» проведен анализ тенденций развития информационных технологий на промышленных предприятиях, проведен анализ использования систем управления рисками на промышленных предприятиях. Так же в этой главе проведен анализ влияний информационных рисков на деятельность промышленных предприятий на примере ООО «ВИЗ-Сталь». В третьей главе определено понятие систему управления информационными рисками (СУИР) и предложено использовать ее в деятельности как основного элемента по минимизации влияния информационных рисков. Ключевым элементом для этой системы стала разработанная классификация информационных рисков. / The master's work consists of an introduction, three chapters, conclusion, a list of literature and 45 sources. The main content is set out on 106 pages, the work includes 12 tables, 12 drawings and 2 applications. The main content of the work. In the first chapter "The essence of information risks", the main concepts associated with risk management, information technology, risk assessment are defined. The classification of information risks by different criteria is described, generally accepted accepted methods of analysis and risk management are considered. In the second chapter, "The Role of Information Risks in the Activity of Industrial Enterprises," an analysis of trends in the development of information technology in industrial enterprises was conducted, an analysis was made of the use of risk management systems in industrial enterprises. Also in this chapter, an analysis of the effects of information risks on the activities of industrial enterprises on the example of OOO VIZ-Stal. In the third chapter, the concept of an information risk management system (ISIR) is defined and it is proposed to use it in the activity as the main element in minimizing the impact of information risks. A key element for this system was the developed classification of information risks.

The aim of the work is: development of methods and approaches to the management of internal software projects using the example of a project to develop and implement an electronic document management system for the UCSB group of companies. The object of the study is the process of managing the project to develop and implement an electronic document management system for the UCSB group of companies. Research methods: literature analysis, interviews and surveys, observation, modeling and forecasting. Results of the work: a regulation for managing internal software projects was developed, which was successfully used in practice during the implementation of the project to develop and implement an electronic document management system for the UCSB group of companies. / Целью работы является: развитие методов и подходов к управлению внутренними программными проектами на примере проекта по разработке и внедрению системы электронного документооборота для группы компаний «УЦСБ». Объектом исследования является процесс управления проектом по разработке и внедрению системы электронного документооборота для группы компаний «УЦСБ». Методы исследования: анализ литературы, интервью и опросы, наблюдение, модулирование и прогнозирование. Результаты работы: разработан регламент управления внутренними программными проектами, который успешно использован на практике при реализации проекта по разработке и внедрению системы электронного документооборота для группы компаний «УЦСБ».