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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Propriedades métricas de sistemas multiparamétricos discretos

Torrico Chávez, César Abraham January 2008 (has links)
Neste trabalho estudamos propriedades métricas de certas estruturas recentemente descobertas em diagramas de fase, chamadas de conjuntos tipo de Mandelbrot. Tais estruturas (conjuntos) são importantes pois aparecem repetidamente em sistemas dinâmicos, em particular, em equações diferenciais que descrevem lasers e outros modelos físicos. De particular interesse, são escalonamentos (scalings) de codimensão 2, i.e. que dependem da variação simultânea de dois parâmetros físicos para serem observados. Através da obtenção de expressões exatas dos pontos de nascimento de domínios de estabilidade {"fiores de cactus'?, conseguimos demonstrar analiticamente que a velocidade de acumulação dos domínios convergepara um valor limite constante igual à unidade. Outras taxas de convergência tais como, por exemplo, a orientação do eixo dos domínios com respeito à horizontal, a diminuição das alturas e das áreas dos domínios, também convergem para a unidade. Tal convergência foi também por nós encontrada no conjunto de Mandelbrot. Em ambos casos as convergências obedecem uma lei de potência com expoentes inteiros, em forte contraste com a convergência típica de Feigenbaum, que também segue uma lei de potências, porém com expoente fracionário. Por razões discutidas em detalhe dentro do trabalho, conjecturamos ser o escalonamento unitário de carácter geral sempre que se tenham fam{lias de fases periódicas participando de um processo de acumulação com adição de períodos. Observamos que os conjuntos de números racionais (números de rotação) que rotulam as infinitas fam{lias de fiores, (fases periódicas) nos conjuntos tipo-Mandelbrot, também exibem a mesma convergência unitária. Tal fato nos leva a crer que, dum ponto de vista teórico, este "scaling"parece originar-se de propriedades métricas dos racwna%s. Além disto, complementamos o estudo das propriedades métricas dos conjuntos tipo-Mandelbrot com um estudo detalhado da sua estrutura interna, via multiplicadores das órbitas periódicas estáveis, reais e complexas. Observamos que a parte real (imaginária) dos multiplicadores define certos eixos de simetria transversal (longitudinal) em cada fior, que podem ser tomados como uma espécie de "sistema de coordenadas cartesiano". Em tal sistema, observamos um ordenamento simétrico dos números de rotação das fiores, de maneira similar ao ordenamento dos números racionais no círculo unitário. Mostrando desta forma que o interior de cada fior é isomorfo ao círculo unitário. A medida que nos aproximamos das zonas de transição isoperiódica (de órbitas complexas para reais), observamos uma rotação dos eixos transversais locais de cadafior em direção aos eixos longitudinais, até ambosficarem alinhados, no limite da acumulação. Esta mudança não ocorre nos círculos do conjunto de Mandelbrot, onde ambos eixos permanecem perpendiculares até alcançar um tamanho nulo no ponto raiz. Isto parece mostrar que, apesar dos conjuntos Mandelbrot e tipo-Mandelbrot compartilharem várias propriedades métricas, a ausência de conectividade local nestes últimos modifica significativamente sua estrutura interna. / In this work we study scaling proprerties of certain structures recently found in phase diagrams, called as Mandelbrot-like sets. Such structures (sets) are important becausethey appear repeatedly in dinamical systems, particularly, in differentials equations that describe lasers and others physical models. Df particular interest, are scalings of codimension-2, i.e., that depend on the simultaneous variation of two physical parameters to be observed. Through the obtention of exact expressions for the birth points of stability domains ("cactus flowers''), we proved analitically that the accumulation rate of the domains converges to a constant limit value equal to unity. Another convergence rates such as, for example, orientation of the domain axis with respect to the horizontal, the decrease of domains heights and areas, also converge to unity. We also founded this convergence in the Mandelbrot set. In both cases, the convergences obey a power law with integer exponents, in contrast with the typical Feigenbaum convergence, that also follows a power law but with fraccionary exponent. For the reasons discuted in detail along the work, we conjecture this unitary scaling to have a general caracter always that one have families of periodic fases participating in a process of accumulation with period adding. We observed that the rational numbers sets that label the infinity flower's families (periodic phases), in the Mandelbrot-like sets, also exhibit the same rate of convergence. This fact lead us to believe, from a theoretical point of view, that this scaling seems to arise from the metrical properties of rationals. Besides this, we complemented the study of scalings in the Mandelbrot-like sets with a detailed study of their internal structure, via multipliers of the stable periodic orbits, both real and complexo We observed that the real (imaginary) part of multipliers define certain transversal (longitudinal) axis of simetry en each flower, that can be take as a sort of local "cartesian coordinates system". In such system, we observe a symmetric ordering of the rotation numbers of flowers, like the ordering of rational numbers in the unitary circle. Showing of this form that the inner of each flower is isomorphic to the unitary circle. As we aproximate to the isoperiodic transition zones (of complexto realorbits),wefounded a rotationof the transversallocalaxis of each flower toward the longitudinal axis, until both axis stay aligned, at the accumulation limito This rotation does not occur inside the Mandelbrot set circles, where both axis remain perpendicular until they reach a null size at the root point. This seems to show that, in spite of Mandelbrot and Mandelbrot-like sets to share several metric properties, the lack of local conectivity in the latest modifies significantly their internal structure.
22

Propriedades topológicas dos conjuntos de Julia /

Uceda, Rafael Asmat. January 2008 (has links)
Orientador: Ali Messaoudi / Banca: Edson Vargas / Banca: Paulo Ricardo da Silva / Resumo: Seja f : C ! C uma fun»c~ao polinomial. O conjunto de Julia, J(f), associado a f, é o conjunto dos números complexos z onde a família ffng dos iterados de f não é normal em z. Neste trabalho, estudaremos varias propriedades topológicas de J(f). Calcularemos também a dimensão de Hausdor® de J(fc), onde fc(z) = z2+c e jcj é grande, e estudaremos as propriedades do conjunto de Mandelbrot associado a fc, isto é, o conjunto M dos números complexos pelos quais J(fc)é conexo. Em particular provaremos o Teorema de Douady-Hubard que menciona que M é conexo. / Abstract: Let f : C ! C be a polynomial function. The Julia set, J(f) associated to f, is the set of the complex numbers z where the family ffng of iterates of f is not normal at z. In this work, we will study many topological properties of J(f). We will compute the Hausdor® dimension of J(fc) too, where fc(z) = z2 + c and jcj is large, and we will study the properties of the Mandelbrot set associated to fc, that is, the set M of the complex numbers by which J(fc) is connected. In particular we will prove the Theorem of Douady-Hubard that mentions the connectedness of M. / Mestre
23

Propriedades métricas de sistemas multiparamétricos discretos

Torrico Chávez, César Abraham January 2008 (has links)
Neste trabalho estudamos propriedades métricas de certas estruturas recentemente descobertas em diagramas de fase, chamadas de conjuntos tipo de Mandelbrot. Tais estruturas (conjuntos) são importantes pois aparecem repetidamente em sistemas dinâmicos, em particular, em equações diferenciais que descrevem lasers e outros modelos físicos. De particular interesse, são escalonamentos (scalings) de codimensão 2, i.e. que dependem da variação simultânea de dois parâmetros físicos para serem observados. Através da obtenção de expressões exatas dos pontos de nascimento de domínios de estabilidade {"fiores de cactus'?, conseguimos demonstrar analiticamente que a velocidade de acumulação dos domínios convergepara um valor limite constante igual à unidade. Outras taxas de convergência tais como, por exemplo, a orientação do eixo dos domínios com respeito à horizontal, a diminuição das alturas e das áreas dos domínios, também convergem para a unidade. Tal convergência foi também por nós encontrada no conjunto de Mandelbrot. Em ambos casos as convergências obedecem uma lei de potência com expoentes inteiros, em forte contraste com a convergência típica de Feigenbaum, que também segue uma lei de potências, porém com expoente fracionário. Por razões discutidas em detalhe dentro do trabalho, conjecturamos ser o escalonamento unitário de carácter geral sempre que se tenham fam{lias de fases periódicas participando de um processo de acumulação com adição de períodos. Observamos que os conjuntos de números racionais (números de rotação) que rotulam as infinitas fam{lias de fiores, (fases periódicas) nos conjuntos tipo-Mandelbrot, também exibem a mesma convergência unitária. Tal fato nos leva a crer que, dum ponto de vista teórico, este "scaling"parece originar-se de propriedades métricas dos racwna%s. Além disto, complementamos o estudo das propriedades métricas dos conjuntos tipo-Mandelbrot com um estudo detalhado da sua estrutura interna, via multiplicadores das órbitas periódicas estáveis, reais e complexas. Observamos que a parte real (imaginária) dos multiplicadores define certos eixos de simetria transversal (longitudinal) em cada fior, que podem ser tomados como uma espécie de "sistema de coordenadas cartesiano". Em tal sistema, observamos um ordenamento simétrico dos números de rotação das fiores, de maneira similar ao ordenamento dos números racionais no círculo unitário. Mostrando desta forma que o interior de cada fior é isomorfo ao círculo unitário. A medida que nos aproximamos das zonas de transição isoperiódica (de órbitas complexas para reais), observamos uma rotação dos eixos transversais locais de cadafior em direção aos eixos longitudinais, até ambosficarem alinhados, no limite da acumulação. Esta mudança não ocorre nos círculos do conjunto de Mandelbrot, onde ambos eixos permanecem perpendiculares até alcançar um tamanho nulo no ponto raiz. Isto parece mostrar que, apesar dos conjuntos Mandelbrot e tipo-Mandelbrot compartilharem várias propriedades métricas, a ausência de conectividade local nestes últimos modifica significativamente sua estrutura interna. / In this work we study scaling proprerties of certain structures recently found in phase diagrams, called as Mandelbrot-like sets. Such structures (sets) are important becausethey appear repeatedly in dinamical systems, particularly, in differentials equations that describe lasers and others physical models. Df particular interest, are scalings of codimension-2, i.e., that depend on the simultaneous variation of two physical parameters to be observed. Through the obtention of exact expressions for the birth points of stability domains ("cactus flowers''), we proved analitically that the accumulation rate of the domains converges to a constant limit value equal to unity. Another convergence rates such as, for example, orientation of the domain axis with respect to the horizontal, the decrease of domains heights and areas, also converge to unity. We also founded this convergence in the Mandelbrot set. In both cases, the convergences obey a power law with integer exponents, in contrast with the typical Feigenbaum convergence, that also follows a power law but with fraccionary exponent. For the reasons discuted in detail along the work, we conjecture this unitary scaling to have a general caracter always that one have families of periodic fases participating in a process of accumulation with period adding. We observed that the rational numbers sets that label the infinity flower's families (periodic phases), in the Mandelbrot-like sets, also exhibit the same rate of convergence. This fact lead us to believe, from a theoretical point of view, that this scaling seems to arise from the metrical properties of rationals. Besides this, we complemented the study of scalings in the Mandelbrot-like sets with a detailed study of their internal structure, via multipliers of the stable periodic orbits, both real and complexo We observed that the real (imaginary) part of multipliers define certain transversal (longitudinal) axis of simetry en each flower, that can be take as a sort of local "cartesian coordinates system". In such system, we observe a symmetric ordering of the rotation numbers of flowers, like the ordering of rational numbers in the unitary circle. Showing of this form that the inner of each flower is isomorphic to the unitary circle. As we aproximate to the isoperiodic transition zones (of complexto realorbits),wefounded a rotationof the transversallocalaxis of each flower toward the longitudinal axis, until both axis stay aligned, at the accumulation limito This rotation does not occur inside the Mandelbrot set circles, where both axis remain perpendicular until they reach a null size at the root point. This seems to show that, in spite of Mandelbrot and Mandelbrot-like sets to share several metric properties, the lack of local conectivity in the latest modifies significantly their internal structure.
24

The Mandelbrot set

Redona, Jeffrey Francis 01 January 1996 (has links)
No description available.
25

Utilizing self-similar stochastic processes to model rare events in finance

Wesselhöfft, Niels 24 February 2021 (has links)
In der Statistik und der Mathematik ist die Normalverteilung der am meisten verbreitete, stochastische Term für die Mehrheit der statistischen Modelle. Wir zeigen, dass der entsprechende stochastische Prozess, die Brownsche Bewegung, drei entscheidende empirische Beobachtungen nicht abbildet: schwere Ränder, Langzeitabhängigkeiten und Skalierungsgesetze. Ein selbstähnlicher Prozess, der in der Lage ist Langzeitabhängigkeiten zu modellieren, ist die Gebrochene Brownsche Bewegung, welche durch die Faltung der Inkremente im Limit nicht normalverteilt sein muss. Die Inkremente der Gebrochenen Brownschen Bewegung können durch einen Parameter H, dem Hurst Exponenten, Langzeitabhängigkeiten darstellt werden. Für die Gebrochene Brownsche Bewegung müssten die Skalierungs-(Hurst-) Exponenten über die Momente verschiedener Ordnung konstant sein. Empirisch beobachten wir variierende Hölder-Exponenten, die multifraktales Verhalten implizieren. Wir erklären dieses multifraktale Verhalten durch die Änderung des alpha-stabilen Indizes der alpha-stabilen Verteilung, indem wir Filter für Saisonalitäten und Langzeitabhängigkeiten über verschiedene Zeitfrequenzen anwenden, startend bei 1-minütigen Hochfrequenzdaten. Durch die Anwendung eines Filters für die Langzeitabhängigkeit zeigen wir, dass die Residuen des stochastischen Prozesses geringer Zeitfrequenz (wöchentlich) durch die alpha-stabile Bewegung beschrieben werden können. Dies erlaubt es uns, den empirischen, hochfrequenten Datensatz auf die niederfrequente Zeitfrequenz zu skalieren. Die generierten wöchentlichen Daten aus der Frequenz-Reskalierungs-Methode (FRM) haben schwerere Ränder als der ursprüngliche, wöchentliche Prozess. Wir zeigen, dass eine Teilmenge des Datensatzes genügt, um aus Risikosicht bessere Vorhersagen für den gesamten Datensatz zu erzielen. Im Besonderen wäre die Frequenz-Reskalierungs-Methode (FRM) in der Lage gewesen, die seltenen Events der Finanzkrise 2008 zu modellieren. / Coming from a sphere in statistics and mathematics in which the Normal distribution is the dominating underlying stochastic term for the majority of the models, we indicate that the relevant diffusion, the Brownian Motion, is not accounting for three crucial empirical observations for financial data: Heavy tails, long memory and scaling laws. A self-similar process, which is able to account for long-memory behavior is the Fractional Brownian Motion, which has a possible non-Gaussian limit under convolution of the increments. The increments of the Fractional Brownian Motion can exhibit long memory through a parameter H, the Hurst exponent. For the Fractional Brownian Motion this scaling (Hurst) exponent would be constant over different orders of moments, being unifractal. But empirically, we observe varying Hölder exponents, the continuum of Hurst exponents, which implies multifractal behavior. We explain the multifractal behavior through the changing alpha-stable indices from the alpha-stable distributions over sampling frequencies by applying filters for seasonality and time dependence (long memory) over different sampling frequencies, starting at high-frequencies up to one minute. By utilizing a filter for long memory we show, that the low-sampling frequency process, not containing the time dependence component, can be governed by the alpha-stable motion. Under the alpha-stable motion we propose a semiparametric method coined Frequency Rescaling Methodology (FRM), which allows to rescale the filtered high-frequency data set to the lower sampling frequency. The data sets for e.g. weekly data which we obtain by rescaling high-frequency data with the Frequency Rescaling Method (FRM) are more heavy tailed than we observe empirically. We show that using a subset of the whole data set suffices for the FRM to obtain a better forecast in terms of risk for the whole data set. Specifically, the FRM would have been able to account for tail events of the financial crisis 2008.
26

The Dynamics of Semigroups of Contraction Similarities on the Plane

Stefano Silvestri (6983546) 16 October 2019 (has links)
<div>Given a parametrized family of Iterated Function System (IFS) we give sufficient conditions for a parameter on the boundary of the connectedness locus, M, to be accessible from the complement of M.</div><div>Moreover, we provide a few examples of such parameters and describe how they are connected to Misiurewicz parameter in the Mandelbrot set, i.e. the connectedness locus of the quadratic family z^2+c.<br></div>
27

Jack Rabbit : an effective Cell BE programming system for high performance parallelism

Ellis, Apollo Isaac Orion 08 July 2011 (has links)
The Cell processor is an example of the trade-offs made when designing a mass market power efficient multi-core machine, but the machine-exposing architecture and raw communication mechanisms of Cell are hard to manage for a programmer. Cell's design is simple and causes software complexity to go up in the areas of achieving low threading overhead, good bandwidth efficiency, and load balance. Several attempts have been made to produce efficient and effective programming systems for Cell, but the attempts have been too specialized and thus fall short. We present Jack Rabbit, an efficient thread pool work queue implementation, with load balancing mechanisms and double buffering. Our system incurs low threading overhead, gets good load balance, and achieves bandwidth efficiency. Our system represents a step towards an effective way to program Cell and any similar current or future processors. / text
28

On the Stability of Julia Sets of Functions having Baker Domains / Über die Stabilität von Juliamengen von Funktionen mit Bakergebieten

Lauber, Arnd 14 July 2004 (has links)
No description available.
29

Invariant measures on polynomial quadratic Julia sets with no interior / Invariant measures on polynomial quadratic Julia sets with no interior

Poirier Schmitz, Alfredo 25 September 2017 (has links)
We characterize invariant measures for quadratic polynomial Julia sets with no interior. We prove that besides the harmonic measure —the only one that is even and invariant—, all others are generated by a suitable odd measure. / En este artículo caracterizamos medidas invariantes sobre conjuntos de Julia sin interior asociados con polinomios cuadráticos.  Probamos que más allá de la medida armónica —la única par e invariante—, el resto son generadas por su parte impar.
30

La remise en cause du modèle classique de la finance par Benoît Mandelbrot et la nécessité d’intégrer les lois de puissance dans la compréhension des phénomènes économiques / The questioning of the traditional model of finance by Benoit Mandelbrot and the need to integrate the power laws in the understanding of economic phenomena

Herlin, Philippe 19 December 2012 (has links)
Le modèle classique de la finance (Markowitz, Sharpe, Black, Scholes, Fama) a, dès le début, été remis en cause par le mathématicien Benoît Mandelbrot (1924-2010). Il démontre que la loi normale ne correspond pas à la réalité des marchés, parce qu’elle sous-estime les risques extrêmes. Il faut au contraire utiliser les lois de puissance, comme la loi de Pareto. Nous montrons ici toutes les implications de ce changement fondamental sur la finance, mais aus-si, ce qui est nouveau, en ce qui concerne la gestion des entreprises (à travers le calcul du coût des capitaux propres). Nous tentons de mettre à jour les raisons profondes de l’existence des lois de puissance en économie à travers la notion d’entropie. Nous présen-tons de nouveaux outils théoriques pour comprendre la formation des prix (la théorie de la proportion diagonale), des bulles (la notion de réflexivité), des crises (la notion de réseau), en apportant une réponse globale à la crise actuelle (un système monétaire diversifié). Toutes ces voies sont très peu, ou pas du tout exploitées. Elles sont surtout, pour la pre-mière fois, mises en cohérence autour de la notion de loi de puissance. C’est donc une nou-velle façon de comprendre les phénomènes économiques que nous présentons ici. / The classical model of finance (Markowitz, Sharpe, Black, Scholes, Fama) has, from the be-ginning, been challenged by the mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot (1924-2010). It shows that the normal distribution does not match the reality of the market, because it underesti-mates the extreme risks. Instead, we must use the power laws, such as the Pareto law. We show the implications of this fundamental change in the finance, but also in the manage-ment of companies (through the calculation of cost of capital). We try to update the underly-ing reasons for the existence of power laws in economics through the concept of entropy. We present new theoretical tools to understand price formation (the theory of diagonal proportion), bubbles (the notion of reflexivity), crisis (network concept), providing a com-prehensive response to the current crisis (a diversified monetary system). All these ways are very little or not at all exploited. They are mostly for the first time, made consistent around the notion of power law. This is a new way of understanding economic phenomena present-ed here.

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