Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited / The purpose of this thesis is to lay the foundation for analyzing structural coupling effects for a proposed trolley interface between a ship and a roll-on roll-off discharge facility (RRDF). Such a facility could allow heavy cargo transfer at higher sea states. Previous studies have analyzed motions assuming that there is no structural coupling between the trolley and the RRDF. A mathematical model that incorporates structural coupling is developed using the principle of virtual work. In order to assess the degree of necessity for the proposed model we conduct a systematic series of numerical experiments. In these calculations we model the trolley through a generalized stiffness coefficient and assess its influence on RRDF motions. It is shown that modeling of structural coupling may be necessary depending on the relative order of magnitude of trolley structural rigidity and trolley placement. / Major, Republic of Singapore Navy

INTRODUÇÃO: na reabilitação da disfagia faríngea, a manobra de Mendelsohn (MM) é a única descrita como efetiva para o trabalho de elevação da laringe e seqüente abertura do segmento faringo-esofágico, desde que executada corretamente. OBJETIVO: avaliar a eficácia do uso do biofeedback eletromiográfico no processo de treinamento para correta execução da manobra de Mendelsohn em portadores de Doença de Machado-Joseph (DMJ), com disfagia alta. CASUÍSTICA: participaram deste estudo 20 indivíduos sem queixas quanto à deglutição e 20 disfágicos, portadores de DMJ, que se equiparavam em termos de distribuição de sexos e média de idade, tinham cognitivo preservado, e foram separados em grupos: A e C, de disfágicos, e B e D, de controles. MÉTODOS: todos foram submetidos a anamnese dirigida, avaliação clínica da deglutição e a eletromiografia para verificação do tempo de sustentação da elevação da laringe, repetida depois de treinamento para correta execução da manobra de Mendelsohn, feito com (grupos A e B) ou sem (grupos C e D) a utilização do biofeedback eletromiográfico.Dificuldades relacionadas à realização da MM foram observadas diretamente e relatadas em resposta a questionário. RESULTADOS: a comparação dos disfágicos com os controles não evidenciou diferenças marcantes quanto à avaliação clínica da fase oral da deglutição, pois os doentes demonstravam apenas déficits quanto a protrusão, retração e tônus da língua. Entretanto, quanto à fase faríngea, mostraramse diferenças mais significativas, com os disfágicos apresentando, à deglutição de líquidos e sólidos, estase faríngea, acompanhada de tosse e/ou engasgo e penetração e/ou aspiração, alterações ausentes nos controles. Houve significante aumento do tempo de sustentação da elevação da laringe, de controles e pacientes, à deglutição de saliva, durante a realização da manobra de Mendelsohn, após o treinamento, principalmente se conduzido com suporte de biofeedback eletromiográfico. O mesmo ocorreu com a deglutição de iogurte, pastoso, consistência preferida pelos pacientes. Os pacientes do grupo A chegaram a atingir o mesmo desempenho que seus controles (grupo B), à realização da MM. À observação direta de dificuldades encontradas durante a realização da manobra, notou-se dificuldade para sustentar a elevação da laringe. Quando os indivíduos foram inquiridos a respeito, destacou-se dificuldade de entendimento da MM. De significante, extraiu-se, à observação direta e ao inquérito, que os pacientes têm mais expressivas dificuldades de controle respiratório durante a realização da MM do que os controles. CONCLUSÕES: 1. o treinamento orientado, verbal e gestual, para a correta execução da MM, é capaz, por si só, de aumentar o tempo de sustentação da elevação da laringe em portadores de DMJ e controles; 2. o biofeedback eletromiográfico agrega valor ao treinamento, promovendo ainda maior tempo de sustentação da elevação da laringe, à execução da MM, em portadores de DMJ, que atingem índices semelhantes aos dos controles, na deglutição de saliva e de pastoso; 3. os portadores de DMJ apresentam freqüentemente dificuldade de controle respiratório, sem repercussão clínica, durante a aplicação da MM. / Introduction: In the rehabilitation of pharyngeal dysphagia, the Mendelsohn maneuver (MM) is the only technique described as effective for elevating the larynx with subsequent opening of the esophageal-pharyngeal segment, provided it is correctly performed. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of electromyographic biofeedback for training of the Mendelsohn maneuver in Machado-Joseph patients (MJD) with high dysphagia. Case Studies: Forty individuals participated in this study, including twenty with no complaints of deglutition and twenty MJD dysphagic patients , who were all similar in terms of gender distribution, average age, and cognitive function. Method: The medical history of each patient was reviewed. Each subject underwent a clinical evaluation of deglutition, as well as electromyography to determine the amount of time for which larynx elevation was sustained. Electromyography was repeated following achievement of the correct performance of MM. Training for MM was completed with (groups A and B) or without (groups C and D) electromyographic biofeedback. Difficulties related to performance of MM were observed directly and reported through the completion of a questionnaire. Results: Comparison between dysphagic patients and controls did not reveal significant differences with respect to the clinical evaluation of the oral phase of deglutition, since afflicted patients only demonstrated deficits related to the protrusion, retraction and tonus of the tongue. However, significant differences were observed with respect to the pharyngeal phase. Dysphagic patients presented with pharyngeal stasis during deglutition of liquids and solids, accompanied by coughing and/or choking as well as penetration and/or aspiration; these symptoms were absent in the controls. After training, there was a significant increase during MM in the time of larynx elevation as well as in the deglutition of saliva in both controls and patients. The time of larynx elevation was further increased when training was conducted with electromyographic biofeedback support. Similar results were found for the deglutition of yogurt, which has a pasty consistency preferred by the patients. Group A patients performed MM at the same level of competency as controls (group B). During direct observation, difficulties in sustaining the elevation of the larynx were noted. Questioning of the individuals experiencing difficulty revealed a lack of understanding with respect to MM. Specifically, it was determined that patients had more pronounced difficulty in respiratory control during MM as compared to normal controls. Conclusions: 1. Guided training, both verbal and gestural, for correct performance of the MM can increase the time of sustained larynx elevation in MJD patients and controls; 2. The use of electromyographic biofeedback during training further increases the time of sustained larynx elevation in MJD patients, allowing them to reach indexes similar to those of controls with respect to deglutition of saliva and semi-fluids; 3. Carriers of MJD frequently have difficulty in respiratory control, but without clinical repercussions, during the application of MM.

Nesta dissertação, discorre-se sobre manobra sincronizada de disjuntores. Entre as atividades desenvolvidas para a sua elaboração estão a análise de transitórios causados por manobras em capacitores, reatores e linhas de transmissão, estudos de sobretensão e estudos para a determinação de instantes favoráveis às manobras, sob o ponto de vista de diminuição de sobretensões. Completa a dissertação a especificação de equipamento de sincronismo que, a partir de medições em tempo real de variáveis elétricas - que interferem nas sobretensões - e de variáveis climáticas - que interferem no tempo de acionamento dos contatos dos disjuntores - calculam o tempo de atraso necessário para o fechamento elétrico em instantes mais convenientes. / The scope of this dissertation is the study of synchronized switching of circuit breakers. The transients caused by capacitor, reactor and transmission line switching are analyzed, for overvoltage evaluation and to determined the favorable time in the wave that leads to smallest overvoltages. Finally the specification of an equipment is produced. The equipment acquire, in real time, the values of electrical variables (current and voltages) the ambient temperature and oil pressure in the circuit breaker operating mechanism, voltage in the auxiliary system and assign a delay in the breaker switching time in order to control overvoltages.

Nesta dissertação, discorre-se sobre manobra sincronizada de disjuntores. Entre as atividades desenvolvidas para a sua elaboração estão a análise de transitórios causados por manobras em capacitores, reatores e linhas de transmissão, estudos de sobretensão e estudos para a determinação de instantes favoráveis às manobras, sob o ponto de vista de diminuição de sobretensões. Completa a dissertação a especificação de equipamento de sincronismo que, a partir de medições em tempo real de variáveis elétricas - que interferem nas sobretensões - e de variáveis climáticas - que interferem no tempo de acionamento dos contatos dos disjuntores - calculam o tempo de atraso necessário para o fechamento elétrico em instantes mais convenientes. / The scope of this dissertation is the study of synchronized switching of circuit breakers. The transients caused by capacitor, reactor and transmission line switching are analyzed, for overvoltage evaluation and to determined the favorable time in the wave that leads to smallest overvoltages. Finally the specification of an equipment is produced. The equipment acquire, in real time, the values of electrical variables (current and voltages) the ambient temperature and oil pressure in the circuit breaker operating mechanism, voltage in the auxiliary system and assign a delay in the breaker switching time in order to control overvoltages.

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), characterized by a history of brief attacks of intense positional vertigo and rotary nystagmus, results from otoconial migration into the semicircular canals, making the sensory structures in the canal gravity sensitive. Treatment methods include positioning maneuvers, which return the otoconia back into the otolith, and typically include a variety of activity limitations for the subsequent 24-48 hours. Previous studies suggest BPPV treatment can be successful without any limitations of the patient post- therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine the necessity of post-maneuver restrictions on BPPV patients treated with the Canalith Repositioning Maneuver. Twenty participants were identified as having BPPV of the posterior canal and treated with the Canalith Repositioning Maneuver. During post-maneuver instruction, the ten participants assigned to the restricted group were provided with typical instructions. Ten participants assigned to the non-restricted group were given no post-maneuver restrictions. At the one-week post-treatment follow-up, all patients were free of vertigo and/or nystagmus. Results indicated that given two groups of subjects matched for age, gender, and symptoms, post-maneuver restrictions are not necessary for successful outcome using the CRM to treat posterior-canal BPPV.

<p>Sveriges Försvarsmakt har innan 2000-talet inte haft något formellt fastställt dokument som beskriver hur verksamheten skall utövas såväl i krig som i fred.  I och med 2002-års utgåva av militärstrategisk doktrin fastställdes att grunden för Försvarsmaktens agerande skall vara <em>manövertänkande</em>. 2004 drabbades Kosovo av upplopp runt om i provinsen, varav den svenska bataljonen SWEBAT, var inblandade i strider kring byn Caglavica. Vid tillfället var flera svenska chefer upp till brigadnivå, involverade i beslutsprocesserna som skedde under incidenten.</p><p>Huvudsyftet med denna uppsats är att söka svar på huruvida den svenska officerskåren faktiskt tillämpar våra doktriner under insats. Frågeställningen är framtagen att utröna i hur stor utsträckning manövertänkande existerade och nyttjades på de olika ledningsnivåerna vid kravallerna i Caglavica 2004, likväl i hur stor grad det inte nyttjades.</p><p>Med utgångspunkt i <em>militärstrategisk doktrin</em> har ett antal indikatorer på manövertänkande valts ut för att appliceras på framtagen fallstudie, vilken grundas på FHS rapport <em>Caglavica 17 mars 2004</em>.</p><p>Resultatet av uppsatsen visar på ett assimilerat manövertänkande inom den svenska officerskåren under insats i Kosovo.</p> / <p>Before the 21^th century the Swedish Armed Forces has been without any formally established document that describes how its activities should be practiced in peace as well as in war. In 2002 the Military Strategic Doctrine was published and it stated that all activity by the Armed Forces was to be based by the concept of maneuver thinking. In 2004 Kosovo was hit by riots all over the province, in which the Swedish battalion SWEBAT, was mixed up in combat around the village of Caglvica. At the moment several Swedish commanders, up to brigade level, were involved in the decision-making process that took place during the incident.</p><p>The main object with this essay is to find out whether the Swedish officers actually put the doctrine into practice during their mission. The question at issue is to answer in how great extent maneuver thinking existed and was practiced by the different levels of command, during the riots of Caglavica 2004, but also in how great extent it was not applied.</p><p>With starting-point in the <em>Military Strategic Doctrine</em>, several indicators representing the concept of maneuver thinking, has been chosen to be applied to a case study, which is based on a rapport by FHS; <em>Caglavica 17 mars 2004</em>.</p><p>The results of the essay shows upon a assimilated maneuver thinking within the Swedish officer corps during mission in Kosovo.</p>

Sveriges Försvarsmakt har innan 2000-talet inte haft något formellt fastställt dokument som beskriver hur verksamheten skall utövas såväl i krig som i fred.  I och med 2002-års utgåva av militärstrategisk doktrin fastställdes att grunden för Försvarsmaktens agerande skall vara manövertänkande. 2004 drabbades Kosovo av upplopp runt om i provinsen, varav den svenska bataljonen SWEBAT, var inblandade i strider kring byn Caglavica. Vid tillfället var flera svenska chefer upp till brigadnivå, involverade i beslutsprocesserna som skedde under incidenten. Huvudsyftet med denna uppsats är att söka svar på huruvida den svenska officerskåren faktiskt tillämpar våra doktriner under insats. Frågeställningen är framtagen att utröna i hur stor utsträckning manövertänkande existerade och nyttjades på de olika ledningsnivåerna vid kravallerna i Caglavica 2004, likväl i hur stor grad det inte nyttjades. Med utgångspunkt i militärstrategisk doktrin har ett antal indikatorer på manövertänkande valts ut för att appliceras på framtagen fallstudie, vilken grundas på FHS rapport Caglavica 17 mars 2004. Resultatet av uppsatsen visar på ett assimilerat manövertänkande inom den svenska officerskåren under insats i Kosovo. / Before the 21th century the Swedish Armed Forces has been without any formally established document that describes how its activities should be practiced in peace as well as in war. In 2002 the Military Strategic Doctrine was published and it stated that all activity by the Armed Forces was to be based by the concept of maneuver thinking. In 2004 Kosovo was hit by riots all over the province, in which the Swedish battalion SWEBAT, was mixed up in combat around the village of Caglvica. At the moment several Swedish commanders, up to brigade level, were involved in the decision-making process that took place during the incident. The main object with this essay is to find out whether the Swedish officers actually put the doctrine into practice during their mission. The question at issue is to answer in how great extent maneuver thinking existed and was practiced by the different levels of command, during the riots of Caglavica 2004, but also in how great extent it was not applied. With starting-point in the Military Strategic Doctrine, several indicators representing the concept of maneuver thinking, has been chosen to be applied to a case study, which is based on a rapport by FHS; Caglavica 17 mars 2004. The results of the essay shows upon a assimilated maneuver thinking within the Swedish officer corps during mission in Kosovo.

Enligt doktrinen skall Försvarsmaktens agerande utgå från manövertänkande och ledningsmetodenskall vara uppdragstaktik vilket skall genomsyra all ledning. Verksamhetsledningen iFörsvarsmakten är de facto en förvaltningsmyndighet och kraven på en sådan skiljer sig frånkraven på en insatsledning. Innebär denna vardagsmiljö att vi riskerar skapa en förvaltarkulturmed de metoder som tillämpas? Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka vad tillämpningen ivardagen av den uttryckta ledningsmetoden innebär för förmågan i våra insatsförband att leva upptill manövertänkande samt att leda och bli ledda enligt den valda ledningsmetoden,uppdragstaktik.De viktigaste slutsatserna är att vi inte skapar den avsedda förmågan utan en förmåga anpassad tillpågående insatser och verksamhetsledningen. Förmågan kommer också på sikt att urholkas genomatt det blir mindre tid över för oss att vara soldater då administration och ekonomiuppföljning tarmer utrymme. / The Swedish Military Doctrine states that the ground for action from a command perspective inthe armed forces is the philosophy behind Manoeuvre Warfare and Mission Tactics. Dailymanagement in the armed forces is based on other demands than those on command duringmilitary operations. Will the methods used in this daily environment create a risk for abureaucratic culture being shaped in the armed forces? The purpose of this study is to investigatehow the application of the command methods influences our ability to use Manoeuvre Warfareand Mission Tactics during operations. The most important conclusions are that we will not beable to create the required abilities. Instead we adapt to the ongoing operations and to themanagement. On a long term basis we will weaken the ability by us using more time foradministration and following up finances than on soldiering. / Avdelning: ALB - Slutet Mag 3 C-upps. Hylla: Upps. ChP 06-08

In this research, an autonomous vehicle function management methodology is studied. In accordance with the traffic situation, the decision making level chooses the optimal function that guarantees safety and minimizes fuel consumption while the control level is implemented via neuromorphic strategy based on the brain limbic system. To realize the decision making strategy, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used by considering driving safety, driving speed, and fuel efficiency as the objectives. According to the traffic situation and predefined driving mode, Lane Change Maneuver (LCM) and Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) are chosen as the alternative functions in the AHP framework. The adaptive AHP is utilized to cope with dynamically changing traffic environment. The proposed adaptive AHP algorithm provides an optimal relative importance matrix that is essential to make decisions under a varying traffic situation and driving modes. The simulation results show that proposed autonomous vehicle function management structure produces optimal decisions that satisfy the driving preference. The stability of BLS based control is also investigated via Cell-to-Cell Mapping. In this research, autonomous vehicle functions such as Lane change maneuver and Adaptive cruise control are developed by means of BLS based control. The simulation results considered various traffic situations that an autonomous vehicle can encounter. To demonstrate the suggested control method Cell-to-Cell Mapping is utilized. Subsequently, the autonomous vehicle function management strategy is developed by Applying AHP and an adaptive AHP strategy is developed to cope with various traffic situations and driving modes. The suggested method is verified numerical simulations.

The research in this thesis was conducted to investigate the initial stage of passing maneuvers on a rural, two-lane, two-way (RTLTW) highway with centerline rumble strips (CRSs). Four measures of effectiveness were used: (1) number and type of erratic movements by a passing vehicle, (2) number of and time between centerline encroachments of a passing vehicle, (3) gap distance of a passing vehicle, and (4) centerline crossing time. Data were collected for a before-and-after analysis at one site, in Comanche County, Texas. The test section was on US 67 from Comanche, Texas to the county line south of Dublin, Texas. The posted speed limit for this RTLTW highway was 70 mph during the day. CRSs were installed along approximately 15 miles of US 67. Only one test design for CRSs was installed. The design specification was for a CRS to be milled to a 0.5-inch depth, 7-inch length, and 16-inch width. This specification was developed from current state practices throughout the United States. CRSs were installed continuously through passing and no-passing zones, and they were spaced at 24 inches on-centers. Pavement markings were striped over the CRSs. Data were collected using an innovative data collection system developed by the author through the Texas Transportation Institute (TTI). This system was mounted to a four-door sedan, and it consisted of four concealed cameras that recorded the entire passing maneuver around the data collection vehicle. Data were collected at three different speeds during the daytime. The speeds were 55, 60, and 65 mph (15, 10, and 5 mph, respectively, under the posted speed limit). Based on the assessment of the four MOEs, the overall finding of this thesis was that driver performance during the initial phase of passing maneuvers was not negatively impacted after the installation of CRSs on US 67. The caveat is that differences in the weather conditions may have influenced the results. The weather was dry with clear skies at the study site during data collection prior to the installation of CRSs; however, the weather consisted of intermittent rain during the data collection after the installation of CRSs.