As we speak, analogue film is being phased out of the international film industry. The medium that once reigned in capturing and projecting our world's light and the flow of time, has now been rendered obsolete and replaced by digital media technology. However, analogue film remains, and has come to be increasingly used and investigated in contemporary art. In my essay, I examine how our aesthetic perception of analogue film is changing with this shift to digital film technology. How do we experience analogue film – now that it is both on the verge of disappearing from society and is put in contrast to its digital successor? My investigation is based on the thesis that analogue film is now in a state of change. By analyzing three contemporary artists I attempt to discern how this change is aesthetically articulated, and trace alternative forms of continued existence for analogue film. The British artist Tacita Dean, the Italian artist Rosa Barba and the Swedish artist Alexander Gutke all work with film in their own way, and also in the context of the changed status of analogue film today. Furthermore, I examine the possibility that these artists form an active part of a continuous reshaping of analogue film, which is taking place in the fracture created in this shift to digital media technologies.

Par sa durée autant que par l’ampleur des effectifs engagés, la Première Guerre mondiale pose particulièrement la question du maintien de l’ordre et de la discipline aux armées. Déployés dans la zone des armées dès la déclaration de guerre, des détachements de gendarmerie y sont réorganisés à plusieurs reprises. Après avoir dirigé la mobilisation générale, ils veillent à la fluidité et à la sécurité de la circulation et assurent la régulation du trafic. Dans les cantonnements, les gendarmes des prévôtés interviennent également pour maintenir les hommes dans l’obéissance et le respect des directives du commandement. Ils sont aussi disposés en barrage, durant la bataille, pour réprimer la désertion qu’ils traquent jusqu’à l’intérieur. Leur échoient en outre la gestion et la surveillance des prisons prévôtales, bientôt réputées être le « cauchemar » de l’arme. En certaines circonstances, et alors que sont massées des troupes en nombre considérable, leur mission s’étend au contrôle de l’hygiène et aux soins des soldats. Pourtant, à l’issue de la guerre, l’image de la gendarmerie s’est considérablement dépréciée, comme en témoigne le développement du thème des gendarmes pendus par la troupe. / Because of its long duration as much as because of the vast number of troops engaged, the First World War posed the problem of maintaining order and discipline in the French armies in a particularly acute form. The task fell in a large part to the Gendarmerie, detachments of which were stationed in the armies’ sector since the outbreak of war. On several occasions the Gendarmerie had been reorganized. After having supervised the mobilization, it provided security for army movements and was responsible for traffic control. In the troop encampments the gendarmes of the military police enforced obedience to orders and ensured the implementation of directives from the (army) command. During the battle, they were arranged in roadblocks to repress deserters, whom they pursued up to the inland. Among their duties, there was also the administration and surveillance of military prisons, a task soon recognised to be a ‘nightmare’ for the service. In certain circumstances, when large masses of troops were jam-packed together, the Gendarmerie even assumed responsibility for soldiers’ personal hygiene and welfare. However, by the end of the war, the men’s respect for the Gendarmerie had declined markedly, evidenced by the spreading of the legend of gendarmes hanged by the rank-and-file.

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O presente trabalho investiga a marca anglo-canadense na obra do cineasta David Cronenberg a partir do diálogo que instaura com as tradições culturais e teóricas do país que dizem respeito, ao tecnicismo, centrado nos meios de comunicação, propagado pelos teóricos da comunicação da Escola de Toronto e, especialmente, por Marshall Mcluhan e levando em consideração a tendência dos protagonistas canadenses a serem não-heróis, apontada por Margaret Atwood. E com o objetivo de contextualizar sua produção artística, mercadológica e culturalmente, no interior do sistema cinematográfico do Canadá, apresenta uma breve historiografia do cinema do país. Em relação à notória recorrência na obra do cineasta em questionar os limites do corpo humano, este trabalho analisa sua confluência com tradições teóricas e artísticas, que centramse nessa questão. E destaca as considerações referentes à abjeção e ao disgust, sentimentos diretamente associados ao temor frente ao rompimento dos limites corporais. O objetivo central deste trabalho é então desvelar como essas heranças da tradição cultural canadense estão relacionadas às obsessões cronenberguianas, principalmente em relação ao corpo, e à forma como esses elementos se amalgamam na configuração de sua obra extrema e única. / This dissertation investigates the Anglo-Canadian trademark in the work of cinematographer David Cronenberg through his dialogue with the cultural and theoretical traditions of the country which concern technicism, centred on the means of communication, disseminated by the theoreticians of communication from the School of Toronto, and specially by Marshall McLuhan and taking into consideration the tendency on the part of the Canadian protagonists to be non-heroes, pointed out by Margaret Atwood. Also aiming to contextualize his artistic production, commercially and culturally, in the Canadian cinematographic system, it presents a brief historiography of cinema in Canada. As to the notorious recurrence of on investigation concerning the limits of the body, this dissertation analyses its confluence with theoretical and artistic traditions focused on this theme. It points out the consideration concerning abjection and disgust, feelings which are directly associated with the fear which the exceeding of the corporeal limits provokes. The central aim of this dissertation is therefore to reveal how these heirlooms of the Canadian cultural tradition are related to Cronenberg's obsessions, notably these related to the human body, and to the way that such elements amalgamate to produce his extreme and unique work.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-11-09T16:57:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSA MARIA GONÇALVES COÊLHO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 1995..pdf: 23915263 bytes, checksum: 4e9195023b290e36631b4c43b7d4cbea (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-09T16:57:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ROSA MARIA GONÇALVES COÊLHO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 1995..pdf: 23915263 bytes, checksum: 4e9195023b290e36631b4c43b7d4cbea (MD5) Previous issue date: 1995-12-18 / CNPq / Esta dissertação apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida com o objetivo de se utilizar o agregado graúdo não convencional calcário, de formações calcítica e dolomítica, como agregado alternativo em substituição ao agregado convencionalmente usado na fabricação dos concretos betuminosos usinados à quente, como forma de redução de custos de obras rodoviárias, em regiões onde as rochas calcárias são predominantes. Para que pudessem ser comprovadas as características que mostram a resistência da mistura betuminosa, foi utilizado o Ensaio Marshall. Foram feitos ensaios físicos e mecânicos de forma a comprovar suas características na pavimentação. São apresentados alguns resultados de serviços executados na pavimentação da cidade de Mossoró-RN, com resultados satisfatórios de uso nas diferentes camadas do pavimento. Os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa permitiram concluir que devido a resistência satisfatória e propriedades similares as da brita granítica além de menores custos de extração e britagem, o agregado calcário pode substituí-la com muita propriedade, quando empregado no uso de concreto betuminoso usinado à quente como revestimento em rodovias, reduzindo-se o custo final da obra. / This thesis presents the results of an investigation carried out to study the performance of a non conventional aggregate, calcareous aggregate of the dolomitic and calcitic formation, in substitution to the dolomitic and calcitic aggregate. used to fabricate hot-mix bituminous concrete. The predominant characteristics of the bituminous mixtures were evaluated using the traditional Marshall test. In order to determine the quality of the mixture, physic and mechanic tests were applied. The results obtained in this investigation in regard to existing pavement, named airport of Mossoró-RN city, constructed with calcareous aggregate in the bituminous mixtures, revealed that the altermative mixture made with calcareous aggregate, is a valid one. Also, the results from laboratory tests, showed that the strength property of the bituminous mixture made with the normal granitic aggregate. Therefore, based on these results, it can concluded that the calcareous aggregate is an alternative aggregate that can be used to fabricate bituminous mixtures, in replacement of the conventional granitic aggregate.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-09-30T13:20:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JOSÉ AFONSO GONÇALVES DE MACÊDO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 1989..pdf: 62874473 bytes, checksum: fb1fdb8f43a121e308d6bbcf739a30b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-30T13:20:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JOSÉ AFONSO GONÇALVES DE MACÊDO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGECA 1989..pdf: 62874473 bytes, checksum: fb1fdb8f43a121e308d6bbcf739a30b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1989-08-31 / Este trabalho faz parte de um estudo mais amplo que visa a utilização de agregados graúdos não convencionais para a obtenção de misturas betuminosas e concreto de cimento Portland. Sendo concebido a partir de estudos já iniciados por outros pesquisadores, que estudaram comparativamente agregados graúdos calcários e lateríticos com um agregado graúdo granítico, visando suas utilizações em concreto betuminoso usinado ã quente. Nesta pesquisa os agregados são avaliados em laboratório,a partir de suas características físicas e mecânicas bem como fa zendo parte de um concreto betuminoso fabricado com teores de ligante determinados a partir dos estudos iniciados por Brasileiro, (1983). Também são verificadas as variações ocorridas com a absorção e massa específica dos agregados graúdos, antes e após a confecção dos corpos de prova pelo ensaio Marshall. Os resultados obtidos permiter.; concluir que, embora tenham sido obtidos em laboratório, existem boas perspectivas de utilização dos agregados lateríticos e calcários para fabricação de concreto betuminoso usinado ã quente, restando ainda, entre outras coisas, melhor adaptação da metodologia de ensaio para avaliação destes materiais e, a execução de trechos experimentais para verificar seus comportamentos em serviços. / This research, which is part of a more comprehensive study on non conventional materials, aims to utilize coarse aggregates for bituminous mixtures and concrete of Portland cement. Previous studies carried out by several investigators, have shown thorough comparative studies the feasibility of calcareous, laterite and granite coarse aggregates for hot-mix bituminous concrete. The aggregates utilized in this research are avaluated in the laboratory by its physical and mechanical characteristics.As well as in samples of bituminous concrete with binder contents, as determined by Brasileiro (1983). Also, it has been verified variations on the absorption and specific gravity of coarse aggregates, before and after the compaction of samples for Marshall test. The laboratory test results concluds that, there are good perspectives to utilize lateritic and calcareous aggregates for hot-mix bituminous concrete. Further research is needed to find the best testing methodology in order to evaluate these materials, and to construct trial pavements to verify its field behaviour.

O presente trabalho investiga a marca anglo-canadense na obra do cineasta David Cronenberg a partir do diálogo que instaura com as tradições culturais e teóricas do país que dizem respeito, ao tecnicismo, centrado nos meios de comunicação, propagado pelos teóricos da comunicação da Escola de Toronto e, especialmente, por Marshall Mcluhan e levando em consideração a tendência dos protagonistas canadenses a serem não-heróis, apontada por Margaret Atwood. E com o objetivo de contextualizar sua produção artística, mercadológica e culturalmente, no interior do sistema cinematográfico do Canadá, apresenta uma breve historiografia do cinema do país. Em relação à notória recorrência na obra do cineasta em questionar os limites do corpo humano, este trabalho analisa sua confluência com tradições teóricas e artísticas, que centramse nessa questão. E destaca as considerações referentes à abjeção e ao disgust, sentimentos diretamente associados ao temor frente ao rompimento dos limites corporais. O objetivo central deste trabalho é então desvelar como essas heranças da tradição cultural canadense estão relacionadas às obsessões cronenberguianas, principalmente em relação ao corpo, e à forma como esses elementos se amalgamam na configuração de sua obra extrema e única. / This dissertation investigates the Anglo-Canadian trademark in the work of cinematographer David Cronenberg through his dialogue with the cultural and theoretical traditions of the country which concern technicism, centred on the means of communication, disseminated by the theoreticians of communication from the School of Toronto, and specially by Marshall McLuhan and taking into consideration the tendency on the part of the Canadian protagonists to be non-heroes, pointed out by Margaret Atwood. Also aiming to contextualize his artistic production, commercially and culturally, in the Canadian cinematographic system, it presents a brief historiography of cinema in Canada. As to the notorious recurrence of on investigation concerning the limits of the body, this dissertation analyses its confluence with theoretical and artistic traditions focused on this theme. It points out the consideration concerning abjection and disgust, feelings which are directly associated with the fear which the exceeding of the corporeal limits provokes. The central aim of this dissertation is therefore to reveal how these heirlooms of the Canadian cultural tradition are related to Cronenberg's obsessions, notably these related to the human body, and to the way that such elements amalgamate to produce his extreme and unique work.

O presente trabalho investiga a marca anglo-canadense na obra do cineasta David Cronenberg a partir do diálogo que instaura com as tradições culturais e teóricas do país que dizem respeito, ao tecnicismo, centrado nos meios de comunicação, propagado pelos teóricos da comunicação da Escola de Toronto e, especialmente, por Marshall Mcluhan e levando em consideração a tendência dos protagonistas canadenses a serem não-heróis, apontada por Margaret Atwood. E com o objetivo de contextualizar sua produção artística, mercadológica e culturalmente, no interior do sistema cinematográfico do Canadá, apresenta uma breve historiografia do cinema do país. Em relação à notória recorrência na obra do cineasta em questionar os limites do corpo humano, este trabalho analisa sua confluência com tradições teóricas e artísticas, que centramse nessa questão. E destaca as considerações referentes à abjeção e ao disgust, sentimentos diretamente associados ao temor frente ao rompimento dos limites corporais. O objetivo central deste trabalho é então desvelar como essas heranças da tradição cultural canadense estão relacionadas às obsessões cronenberguianas, principalmente em relação ao corpo, e à forma como esses elementos se amalgamam na configuração de sua obra extrema e única. / This dissertation investigates the Anglo-Canadian trademark in the work of cinematographer David Cronenberg through his dialogue with the cultural and theoretical traditions of the country which concern technicism, centred on the means of communication, disseminated by the theoreticians of communication from the School of Toronto, and specially by Marshall McLuhan and taking into consideration the tendency on the part of the Canadian protagonists to be non-heroes, pointed out by Margaret Atwood. Also aiming to contextualize his artistic production, commercially and culturally, in the Canadian cinematographic system, it presents a brief historiography of cinema in Canada. As to the notorious recurrence of on investigation concerning the limits of the body, this dissertation analyses its confluence with theoretical and artistic traditions focused on this theme. It points out the consideration concerning abjection and disgust, feelings which are directly associated with the fear which the exceeding of the corporeal limits provokes. The central aim of this dissertation is therefore to reveal how these heirlooms of the Canadian cultural tradition are related to Cronenberg's obsessions, notably these related to the human body, and to the way that such elements amalgamate to produce his extreme and unique work.

Thesis (M. Commerce (Economics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2016 / The purpose of this paper is to ascertain the impact of the real effective exchange rate on South Africa‟s trade balance and whether the J-curve phenomenon and the Marshal-Lerner condition are satisfied in the economy. Using data spanning the period 1980Q1 – 2014Q4, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) bounds test as well as the Johansen cointegration test were employed to test for the long run cointegrating relationship between the variables. The ARDL approach was employed to estimate both the long run and short run models as well as to ascertain whether the Marshal – Learner condition as well as the J-curve phenomenon are satisfied in the RSA economy. The results from the cointegration tests show that there is a stable long run equilibrium relationship between the trade balance, real effective exchange rate, domestic GDP, money supply, terms of trade and foreign reserves. The results from the Autoregressive Distributed Lag long run model show that a depreciation of the ZAR improves the trade balance, thus confirming the MarshalLerner condition. The results further reveal that domestic GDP and money supply both have a significant negative impact on the trade balance in the long run with the terms of trade reported positive as well. Foreign reserves were not found to significantly affect the trade balance in the long run. In the short run, the ARDL error correction model shows that a ZAR depreciation leads to a deterioration of the trade balance, thus confirming the J-curve effect for the RSA economy. The terms of trade effect was reported positive in the short run, thus confirming the Harberger-LaursenMetzler effect (HLME) in the process. Money supply, domestic GDP and foreign reserves are also found to have a significant negative impact on the trade balance in the short run. Finally, the error correction model reveals that about 26% of the disequilibrium in the trade balance model is corrected in each quarter.

This master's thesis deals with the possibility of special asphalt-rubber mixture using - Stress Absorbing Layer (SAL). In the theoretical part the SAL and test methods are described. In the practical part, several different mixtures are designed and selected mixtures were tested. Low-temperature characteristics, permanent deformations, bending tensile relaxation, stiffness modulus and fatigue properties were determined. Based on the test results the mixtures were compared and their benefit is evaluated according to Performance Pavement Design Method, the pavement structure was evaluated by using of computer programme LayEps.