This thesis focuses on the development of sociability within digitality, through an examination of three primary relationships: people and music, people and the Web 2.0 and people and each other. Mobile digital devices, such as the iPod, represent the convergence of musical taste and the internet. Both are inherently social, and, while critics have accused mobile digital devices as being socially isolating, the youth in this study have demonstrated an environment in which this technology is used as a means of communication. For these digital youth, such technologies are seen as a gateway to communication and the sharing of experiences. Having grown up fully immersed in digitality, these youth are negotiating new relationships with technology and each other, through the perceived invisibility of the technology. An important aspect of this research is the formation of identity and taste in digitality. Music is an integral facet of identity, a means to relate to others and form judgments on those we meet – but how is this affected by digitality? The internet encourages a loss of genre distinction, and a culture of eclecticism, whereby people can listen to a multitude of genres, often without knowing what exactly they are listening to, and without aligning their identities with specific genres or subgenres. Based on empirical data, it is demonstrated that this fragmentation of taste matches an intensified fragmentation of identity through social networking sites.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-08-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:31:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 seren_lg_me_arafcl.pdf: 446687 bytes, checksum: 86301c4e4f87b3963ed6b9c03e00b99c (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O trabalho que ora se apresenta busca contribuir com os estudos que versam sobre o gosto musical dos jovens estudantes, pontuando também reverberações para o campo educacional. A investigação caracteriza-se, no plano metodológico, como uma pesquisa exploratória, posto que permite avaliar a feição qualitativa das informações para, posteriormente, quantificá-las. Tal agregação equilibrada desses dois polos metodológicos (qualitativo e quantitativo) confere um caráter de complementaridade a pesquisa, possibilitando, assim, uma melhor compreensão do fenômeno estudado. Objetivou-se sinalizar pontos de intersecção entre educação e cultura a partir do referencial bourdieusiano, tratando de maneira relacional a reprodução sociocultural, o capital cultural e o papel da escola no processo de formação do habitus. Utilizamo-nos também dos fundamentos teóricos lançados por Bernard Lahire, sociólogo que flexibiliza e adensa os estudos de habitus iniciados por Bourdieu. De posse das constatações acerca do indivíduo híbrido e plural, nos termos de Lahire, pudemos empreender uma análise mais adequada sobre a construção dos sujeitos juvenis na sociedade contemporânea. Lahire propõe uma sociologia da pluralidade disposicional em que os indivíduos são submetidos a experiências socializadoras heterogêneas e muitas vezes contraditórias, chegando a frequentar sucessiva ou alternativamente vários registros culturais. Esse fenômeno é peculiarmente observado no consumo cultural e musical dos jovens. Entramos também na complexa e ampla seara da música, com o objetivo de mostrar a importância e as possibilidades de compreensão da sociedade a partir desses estudos. Além disso, buscamos delinear a categoria de juventude, rastreando o conceito nas suas modulações sociohistóricas ao longo do tempo até chegarmos a atual paisagem contemporânea... / The present work aims to contribute to the studies related to the musical taste of students, dealing as well with its implications for the educational field. The research is methodologically characterized, as an exploratory research, since it allows evaluating the qualitative feature of the information for later, quantifying them. The balance of these two methodological poles (qualitative and quantitative) provides a complementary character of the search allowing, as a result, a better understanding into the phenomenon. The objective was to identify points of intersection between education and culture reviewing the literature of Bourdieu, which allows us to realize the socio-cultural reproduction, the cultural capital and the role of schools in the formation of the habitus. The study also relies on the theoretical references of Bernard Lahire, who have makes flexible the category habitus coined by Bourdieu. In the possession of defining characteristics of the hybrid and plural individual, in terms of Lahire, we undertook a more appropriate analysis on the construction of youth people in contemporary society. Lahire proposes a sociology of dispositional plurality in which individuals are exposed to heterogeneous socializing, often contradictory, attending successively or alternatively various cultural practices. This phenomenon is particularly observed in the musical and cultural consumerism of young people. We also entered in the complex and wide field of music as an important key to understand the society. Furthermore, we delineated the category of youth, by tracing the concept in its socio-historical modulations over the times, reaching up the current landscape ruled by the sign of contemporary globalization. The reception and use of audiovisual and electronic technologies reflect on youth attitudes, on their lifestyles, on patterns of taste and forms to express their demands... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Tyrimo tikslas - ištirti Vilniaus rajono ketvirtų klasių mokinių klausomos muzikos pasirinkimo ypatumus. Tyrimo objektas - veiksniai, kurie daro įtaką vaiko nuostatoms apie įvairų stilių klausomą muziką. Tyrimo uždaviniai: apžvelgti teorinę literatūrą apie vaikų muzikinio skonio ir muzikinės tapatybės formavimąsi; anketine apklausa nustatyti keturių Vilniaus apskrities mokyklų ketvirtų klasių mokinių prielankumą įvairių stilių muzikai; grupinio interviu metu išsiaiškinti mokinių nuostatas ir įvairias priežastis, kurios lemia abejingumą ar prielankumą klausomai muzikai; išnagrinėti, ar berniukų ir mergaičių nuostatos skiriasi klausomos muzikos atžvilgiu. Per pastaruosius 30 metų pasaulyje gana daug atlikta tyrimų analizuojančių mokinių muzikos pasirinkimo ypatumus iš įvairių perspektyvų, tokių kaip: muzikos klausytojų pasirinkimas atliekant įvairias užduotis; nuomonės ir pirmenybės, teikiamos įvairiems muzikos stiliams ir dainoms; klausytojų pasirinkimas iš įvairių muzikos bruožų. Tačiau Lietuvoje nepavyko rasti tyrimų analizuojančių ketvirtų klasių mokinių klausomos muzikos pasirinkimo ypatumus. Tokio pobūdžio tyrimai leistų išsiaiškinti ketvirtų klasių mokinių klausomos muzikos pasirinkimo ypatumus ir veiksnius, kurie susiję su jų pasirinkimais. Šie tyrimai leis mokytojui geriau suprasti mokinį, tinkamai parinkti pamokose klausomą muziką.Kažką apie būtinumą geriau suprasti mokinį, ir tik tada gali jį motyvuoti. Tyrimas buvo atliktas 2009 metų rudenį Eitminiškių vidurinės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The aim of the study was to investigate various aspects of music listening preferences among fourth grade students in the rural area around Vilnius, Lithuania. Four schools were included in the study. The study was conducted in the autumn of 2009 at Eitminiškių Secondary School and its branches at Ažulaukės, Visalaukės, Sužionys. The sample consisted of 29 fourth grade pupils: 16 girls and 13 boys. The research includes an overview of the theoretical literature on children’s musical taste and musical identity formation; a survey questionnaire to determine dispositions regarding different styles of music among fourth grade schoolchildren.; Group interviews of students were conducted to find out the various causes which lead to likes or dislikes of certain types of music. Gender differences were also examined Over the past 30 years many research studies have been conducted analyzing students’ choices of music features from various perspectives, such as: choice of music while performing a range of tasks; opinions and priorities attached to various styles of music and songs; listeners’ choice of different musical features. In Lithuania, however, there is a dearth of studies analyzing primary grade students’ listening preferences and related topics. . Such studies would help clarify the nature of fourth grade students’ music listening choice and factors associated with their choices. This would help teachers better understand the learner, and choose more effective music... [to full text]

Orientador: Denis Domeneghetti Badia / Banca: Vera Teresa Valdemarin / Banca: José Carlos de Paula Carvalho / Resumo: O trabalho que ora se apresenta busca contribuir com os estudos que versam sobre o gosto musical dos jovens estudantes, pontuando também reverberações para o campo educacional. A investigação caracteriza-se, no plano metodológico, como uma pesquisa exploratória, posto que permite avaliar a feição qualitativa das informações para, posteriormente, quantificá-las. Tal agregação equilibrada desses dois polos metodológicos (qualitativo e quantitativo) confere um caráter de complementaridade a pesquisa, possibilitando, assim, uma melhor compreensão do fenômeno estudado. Objetivou-se sinalizar pontos de intersecção entre educação e cultura a partir do referencial bourdieusiano, tratando de maneira relacional a reprodução sociocultural, o capital cultural e o papel da escola no processo de formação do habitus. Utilizamo-nos também dos fundamentos teóricos lançados por Bernard Lahire, sociólogo que flexibiliza e adensa os estudos de habitus iniciados por Bourdieu. De posse das constatações acerca do indivíduo híbrido e plural, nos termos de Lahire, pudemos empreender uma análise mais adequada sobre a construção dos sujeitos juvenis na sociedade contemporânea. Lahire propõe uma sociologia da pluralidade disposicional em que os indivíduos são submetidos a experiências socializadoras heterogêneas e muitas vezes contraditórias, chegando a frequentar sucessiva ou alternativamente vários registros culturais. Esse fenômeno é peculiarmente observado no consumo cultural e musical dos jovens. Entramos também na complexa e ampla seara da música, com o objetivo de mostrar a importância e as possibilidades de compreensão da sociedade a partir desses estudos. Além disso, buscamos delinear a categoria de juventude, rastreando o conceito nas suas modulações sociohistóricas ao longo do tempo até chegarmos a atual paisagem contemporânea... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The present work aims to contribute to the studies related to the musical taste of students, dealing as well with its implications for the educational field. The research is methodologically characterized, as an exploratory research, since it allows evaluating the qualitative feature of the information for later, quantifying them. The balance of these two methodological poles (qualitative and quantitative) provides a complementary character of the search allowing, as a result, a better understanding into the phenomenon. The objective was to identify points of intersection between education and culture reviewing the literature of Bourdieu, which allows us to realize the socio-cultural reproduction, the cultural capital and the role of schools in the formation of the habitus. The study also relies on the theoretical references of Bernard Lahire, who have makes flexible the category habitus coined by Bourdieu. In the possession of defining characteristics of the hybrid and plural individual, in terms of Lahire, we undertook a more appropriate analysis on the construction of youth people in contemporary society. Lahire proposes a sociology of dispositional plurality in which individuals are exposed to heterogeneous socializing, often contradictory, attending successively or alternatively various cultural practices. This phenomenon is particularly observed in the musical and cultural consumerism of young people. We also entered in the complex and wide field of music as an important key to understand the society. Furthermore, we delineated the category of youth, by tracing the concept in its socio-historical modulations over the times, reaching up the current landscape ruled by the sign of contemporary globalization. The reception and use of audiovisual and electronic technologies reflect on youth attitudes, on their lifestyles, on patterns of taste and forms to express their demands... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-04-27T10:41:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 vanessagualbertodeaguiar.pdf: 545736 bytes, checksum: 9bebd39889ff1b730d867f2dad77a09d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-05-02T00:57:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 vanessagualbertodeaguiar.pdf: 545736 bytes, checksum: 9bebd39889ff1b730d867f2dad77a09d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-02T00:57:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 vanessagualbertodeaguiar.pdf: 545736 bytes, checksum: 9bebd39889ff1b730d867f2dad77a09d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-23 / A música é uma importante ferramenta na construção da identidade juvenil, pois as identidades não são dadas a priori. Elas são socialmente construídas. Este trabalho aborda o papel da música como expressão de identidades em dois períodos distintos: os anos 1960, quando a música brasileira sofreu grandes transformações e surgiram os ritmos que deram voz à juventude engajada, e no período contemporâneo, quando surgem os ritmos ditos “universitários” e os jovens estudantes parecem ter menos problemas para se identificarem com várias expressões distintas ao mesmo tempo. Nesse sentido, o gosto musical do universitário perde a rigidez dos anos 1960 e se trona fluído, heterogêneo. Este trabalho busca, portanto, entender, nesses diferentes períodos, a relação do jovem universitário com a música, assim como compreender a transformação do gosto musical desses jovens, antes associado a um gosto de elite e, nos dias de hoje, visto como um gosto popular. Para entender essa transformação do gosto musical do universitário, fez-se necessário traçar um perfil desses jovens por meio da aplicação de questionários em universidades privadas e pública na cidade de Juiz de Fora/MG, que permitiu elucidar essas modificações. / Music is an important tool for young people identity construction because identities are not given a priori. They are socially constructed. This work discusses the role of music as identities expression in two distinct time periods: the 1960’s, when Brazilian music suffered big transformations and some rhythms emerged as the voice of an engaged youth, and the contemporary period, when rhythms called “university music” came up and the university students seem to have no problem on identifying themselves with different musical expressions at the same time. In this sense, the university students’ musical taste loses its hardness and becomes fluid, heterogeneous. Thus, this work seeks to understand the relationship between university students and music in these different moments, as well as to comprehend the youth’s musical taste transformation, previously associated to a taste of the elite and, in the current days, a taste seemed as a popular one. To comprehend this transformation it was necessary to design the youth’s profile by means of applying a questionnaire at private and public universities in Juiz de Fora/MG, that allowed us to clarify these modifications.

Dans le cadre de ce projet de maîtrise, nous tentons d’identifier de quelle manière le goût musical affecte la mobilité sociale des adolescents en milieu scolaire montréalais. Pour ce faire, nous avons sondé plus de 150 étudiants dans trois écoles secondaires de la Commission Scolaire de Montréal (CSDM) de manière à obtenir un portrait réaliste du niveau de diversité de leur goût musical et de l’impact de celui-ci sur leurs interactions sociales. Premièrement, la diversité du goût musical fut analysée d’après le concept d’archipels de goût développé par Glevarec et Pinet Ceux-ci proposent une cartographie du goût musical organisée autour d’un axe ouverture/tolérance, c’est-à-dire selon une logique d’appréciation des genres (2009). Cette approche nous a permis d’organiser le goût musical de nos répondants selon leur cohérence autant en tant que genres (Rock, Punk, Métal) que dans les patterns de consommation de ceux qui l’écoutent (Rap, Hip-Hop, Pop, Dance et ainsi de suite). Ainsi, nous avons été en mesure d’opérationnaliser la diversité du goût musical de nos répondants selon le nombre d’archipels de goûts différents qui correspondaient à leurs musiques préférées. Au travers nos recherches, nous avons réussi à dresser le portrait de l’environnement, le portrait social et les différentes logiques d’interactions sociales des adolescents sondés. Grâce à nos recherches, nous sommes en mesure d’affirmer que bien que la majorité des adolescents sondés aient un goût musical limité, ils sont tout de même en mesure d’utiliser leurs connaissances musicales pour discuter avec leurs camarades aux goûts différents. L’adolescent moyen est socialement équipé pour parler de musique avec ses camarades de classe et est en contact constant avec sa bibliothèque musicale personnelle, qui lui permet de mieux développer son goût musical. Bien qu’il préfère écouter de la musique seul à la maison et dans les transports en communs, l’adolescent va chercher ses influences culturelles chez ses amis et dans les médias virtuels, au travers lesquels il a une plus grande liberté de mouvement et de consommation culturelle que dans l’univers physique dans lequel il évolue. L’adolescent au goût diversifié a un rapport plus profond à la musique et tend à considérer le rock comme son genre musical préféré. C’est aussi un adolescent qui tend à utiliser ses connaissances musicales pour créer des liens sociaux et qui a la capacité d’adapter son identité sociale de manière à faciliter l’intégration et la socialisation avec ses pairs. / This project was conceived to allow us to illustrate in what ways musical taste intervenes in the social interactions of Montreal teenagers in their school environment. In order to develop a working image of our target subjects, we polled over 150 students of the Montreal School Board in three learning establishments. This permitted us to identify and quantify the diversity of our subject’s musical tastes, how it affects their interactions with their peers, and how they use it to navigate their social environment. Using Glevarec and Pinet’s (2009) taste island concept, we were able to differentiate and organize the musical taste of our students by regrouping their favorite musical genres according to similarities (Rock, Punk, Metal) in style and by their social usage (Rap, Hip-Hop, Dance music). Students who preferred genres who were closely related in any ways were not considered to have a diverse musical taste. To have a diversified taste, the student needed to like more than two genres that belonged to archipelagos that were not linked. With the data that was collected, we were able to produce a valid working image of our subjects. Most of them had a limited musical taste but were still able to talk about music with people with different musical tastes. They maximised their knowledge of popular music and social news about their favorite artists to create social networks with their peers. They preferred listening to music in private and during their down time (in the bus, between classes), but tended to get their social knowledge and references from friends and via the internet and virtual networks. Those who had a diverse musical taste liked mostly Rock music and had an eclectic group of friends. The complexity of their taste made it harder for them to be recognized by the music they liked, but it made it a lot easier to join peer groups. These students showed the most social competences and prosocial skills and had much more rooted relation with music, than their peers with a limited taste.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T20:31:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Egon Eduardo Sebben.pdf: 680488 bytes, checksum: 1bd7e270d94f2d90faceb54b9cfa3957 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work has as its objective to investigate the musical conceptions and practices of students from the 8th grade of the elementary education and the policies concerning the art and music education at school in Ponta Grossa – Paraná, having as analysis vectors the media and the school musical practices. The proposed specific objectives are: to investigate the musical taste and practices of students from the 8th grade of the elementary education; to analyze the educational policies for the art and music education and the musical practices of the school, in order to verify in what level they meet the musical taste demand and the musical experience of the students; to investigate the students conceptions concerning the art and music education at school. The proposal of the research undertaking set off from the disquiet about the relation of the students with music, their practices and musical consumption, keeping in sight the Law Project 330/06, approved as an ordinary Law n.11769/2008, which makes obligatory the music education at school. The method applied is based in the dialectical and historic materialism, considering that the subjects and the research spaces are inserted into a wider economical, political and social reality. The prioritized instrument of research was the questionnaire, applied in 297 students from the 8th grade from 13 state public schools and 6 private schools from Ponta Grossa - Paraná. The obtained results indicate that the investigated adolescents have musical knowledge, showing themselves as active music consumers, and their taste derivates from the mediatical emissions, mostly based on the internet. However, the school does not incorporate this knowledge, reducing not only the music, but also the art to a secondary situation in the school environment. The educational policies are configured as an important way of democratization to the artistic languages access, but they need to be readjusted and rethought according to the contexts in which they are inserted. The verification that the school does not work the musical and artistic knowledge properly, and does not consider important adolescents practices knowledge, leads to reflect about the imposed challenges by the new law which institutes the obligation of music in the basic education. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar as concepções e práticas musicais de alunos de 8ª série do Ensino Fundamental e as políticas para o ensino de arte e música em escolas do município de Ponta Grossa – Paraná, tendo como vetores de análise as mídias e as práticas musicais da escola. Os objetivos específicos propostos são: investigar o gosto e as práticas musicais de alunos de 8ª Série do Ensino Fundamental; analisar as políticas educacionais para o ensino de arte música e as práticas musicais da escola, a fim de verificar em que medida respondem às demandas de gosto musical e às vivências musicais dos alunos; investigar as concepções dos alunos a respeito do ensino de arte e música nas escolas. A proposta de empreendimento da pesquisa partiu de inquietações a respeito da relação dos alunos com a música, suas práticas e consumo musical, tendo em vista o projeto de Lei 330/06, aprovado como Lei ordinária nº11769/2008, que torna obrigatório o ensino de música na escola. O método empregado se embasa no materialismo histórico e dialético, considerando que os sujeitos e espaços da pesquisa inserem-se na realidade econômica, política, social e cultural mais ampla. O instrumento de pesquisa priorizado foi o questionário, aplicado em 297 alunos de 8ª série de 13 escolas públicas estaduais e 6 escolas particulares de município de Ponta Grossa – Paraná. Os resultados obtidos indicam que os adolescentes investigados possuem conhecimentos musicais, mostrando-se consumidores ativos da música, e seu gosto mussical decorre das emissões midiáticas, com aporte da Internet. Contudo, a escola não apropria-se desse conhecimento, reduzindo não apenas a música, mas também a arte a uma situação secundária nos espaços escolares. As políticas educacionais configuram-se como importante meio de democratização do acesso às linguagens artísticas, mas precisam ser reapropriadas e repensadas de acordo com o contextos em que se inserem. A constatação de que a escola não trabalha adequadamente o conhecimento artístico e musical, e não considera saberes importantes das práticas dos adolescentes, leva a refletir sobre os desafios impostos pela nova lei que institui a obrigatoriedade da música na educação básica.

Musik begleitet uns seit vielen Jahrtausenden und ist ein Teil der menschlichen Entwicklungsgeschichte. Mehr über den Ursprung und die Bedeutung von Musik zu wissen bedeutet mehr über uns selbst zu wissen. Die meisten Menschen mögen Musik und für viele ist es eine der wichtigsten Freizeitbeschäftigungen in ihrem Leben. Doch unterschiedliche Menschen mögen unterschiedliche Musik, und die Bindung an Musik kann stark oder schwach sein. Dieses als Musikpräferenz bezeichnete Phänomen hat in der Vergangenheit zahlreiche Studien innerhalb der Musikpsychologie angeregt, die eine Fülle von Variablen untersucht haben, welche das Zustandekommen unterschiedlicher musikalischer Vorlieben erklären helfen. Diese Forschungsergebnisse sind jedoch bis heute lückenhaft und konnten bisher nicht in ein allgemeines Modell über die Entstehung von Musikpräferenz integriert werden. Die bereits existierenden Vorschläge für solch ein Modell beschränken sich auf konkrete Gefallensurteile für ein gegebenes Musikstück. Sie erklären jedoch nicht, warum sich Menschen überhaupt entschließen Musik zu hören und nach welchen Kriterien sie diese Musik aussuchen. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Untersuchung derjenigen Faktoren, welche die Motivation Musik zu hören und den Auswahlprozess von Musik aus verschiedenen musikalischen Stilen (Genres, Musikrichtungen) erklären können. Als entscheidend werden dabei die Funktionen von Musik erachtet, die in den bisherigen Modellen fast vollständig vernachlässigt wurden. Die Funktionalität – also der Nutzen – von Musik kann darüber Auskunft geben, welche (evolutionären) Vorteile sie für den Menschen hatte und wie sich diese Vorteile bis heute nutzen lassen um bestimmte Bedürfnisse zu befriedigen. Damit kann nicht nur die Frage beantwortet werden, warum jemand Musik hören möchte, sondern auch die Frage, warum jemand einen bestimmten Musikstil bevorzugt – denn Musik verschiedener Stilrichtungen kann für eine Person mit ganz unterschiedlichen Funktionen assoziiert sein. Wie die einzelnen Funktionen von Musik mit Musikpräferenz in Zusammenhang stehen und welche Funktionen eine entscheidende Rolle für die Entwicklung von Musikpräferenz spielen, ist das zentrale Thema dieser. In einem ersten Schritt wurde versucht die Liste der Faktoren, welche Musikpräferenz kausal beeinflussen, zu vervollständigen: Bisher ist bekannt, dass Musikpräferenz mit kognitiven, emotionalen, physiologischen, sozialen, entwicklungsbezogenen und persönlichkeitsbezogenen Variablen zusammenhängt. Von den physiologischen Variablen weiß man jedoch noch nicht, ob sie stets nur ein Effekt des Musikhörens sind oder ob sie auch ursächlich auf Musikpräferenz wirken können. In zwei Studien wurde gezeigt, dass das Hören von Lieblingsmusik mit erhöhter Erregung einhergeht und dass erhöhte Erregung umgekehrt Musikpräferenz verstärken kann. In zwei weiteren Studien über die Funktionen von Lieblingsmusik zeigte sich, dass Musik vor allem zur Stimmungs‐ und Erregungsmodulation eingesetzt werden kann. Es zeigte sich aber auch, dass diese am höchsten bewerteten Funktionen nicht gleichzeitig diejenigen sind, die für eine starke Präferenz für die eigene Lieblingsmusik verantwortlich sind. Stattdessen spielen für eine starke Präferenz eher soziale und kommunikative Funktionen eine große Rolle (z.B. die Möglichkeit mit Musik die eigene Identität auszudrücken). Die beiden abschließenden Studien zeigten, dass für Musikpräferenz generell – also über verschiedene Musikstile hinweg – kognitive Funktionen (wie Kommunikation oder Selbstreflexion) sowie physiologische Erregung die größte Rolle spielen, während emotionale Faktoren und die Bekanntheit der Musik keinen besonders großen Einfluss haben. Am Ende der Arbeit wird für eine Integration der gefundenen Ergebnisse in die bereits bestehenden Modelle über die Entwicklung von Musikpräferenz argumentiert, mit dem Ziel dieses Phänomen umfassend zu verstehen und die Befunde für eine erfolgreiche Anwendung in Bildung oder Therapie nutzen zu können. / More than 2500 years ago, the Greek philosopher Pythagoras explored the sound of swinging chords and made an intriguing discovery: the simultaneous tones of chords that are divided in their length in integer ratios produced a sound which people perceive as harmonic. Pythagoras was able to describe a subjective phenomenon of the human mind by means of simple mathematical ratios. With this principle he formulated the program of natural science, and it is still the way how scientists try to explain the human mind in terms of mathematical principles and laws. In fact, one of the youngest disciplines in modern sciences – the psychology of music – is tied to the ancient findings of Pythagoras and investigates human perception, cognition, emotion, and behavior related to music. There are three ways how people relate to music. They can create music as a composer, they can perform music by means of their voice or an instrument, and they can listen to music. Although all three aspects are interesting, the work in hand will concentrate on music listening because it is the most ubiquitous activity which concerns every single individual. Music psychology is related to music listening in several respects which will accompany the whole work: Why do we listen to music at all? What kind of music do we listen to and why? How strong is our relation to specific music and why? These fundamental questions guided the present research and root in evolutionary considerations about music listening and end up at the concrete use of music in people’s everyday life. The central issue which is surrounded by these questions is referred to as music preference. ‘Which music do you like?’ has become one of the most often used questions in psychological research, for two reasons: First, since every person (at least in the western world) is in contact with music everyday and most people see music as one of the most important things in their daily life, the study of music listening provides an authentic and fruitful avenue to their experiences and behavior in a variety of situations and contexts. Second, because music has been recognized as a tool for expressing and inducing moods and emotions and also as a means to convey information in social environments, music is by now often used as an essential implement in personality, emotion, and social psychology research. Thus, research on music preference is going on to provide us with deep insights into many psychological questions. The dissertation addresses the investigation of music preference in a series of experimental studies. Chapter 1 provides an introduction in theory and research about music preference and points at open questions which appear in both content and methodology of the current research. Chapters 2 to 4 present three empirical papers which addressed these open questions in a total of six studies. Chapter 5 summarizes the findings of these studies and provides some preliminary suggestions about a comprehensive model of music preference.

The aim of this study is to investigate the interrelationships between place and taste through a multi-sited ethnography of music consumption. Place and taste are important theoretical constructs that have been studied extensively across the humanities and social sciences. Yet, there is a scarcity of research that attempts to bring together these constructs in the fields of marketing and consumer research and beyond. In particular, prior consumer culture theory (CCT) research has not taken into account the spatial processes through which consumers enact, perform and further develop their tastes in the market place. More significantly, little empirical research illustrates how different consumption spaces tend to orchestrate and shape consumers’ tastes. As such, this study focuses on the context of music consumption and aims to explore spatial taste formation processes via consumers’ aesthetic experiences in popular (festival) and classical (concert hall) music places within the fields of indie and classical music consumption respectively. The emergent findings are structured upon four chapters (papers) and develop specific research objectives which revolve around the overarching aim of the study, namely the exploration of the interrelationships between place and taste. This study brings together both structural and experiential dimensions of taste and highlights the ontological significance of phenomenological understandings of space and place for marketing and consumer research.

Le présent mémoire porte avant tout sur les rôles que prend la musique dans la construction de l’identité des jeunes qui en consomme beaucoup. D’abord un sujet d’étude populaire au cours des années 1990 et 2000, la question de la musique et de l’identité est ensuite retombée dans l’ombre. Une vingtaine d’années plus tard, nous remarquons d’importantes transformations dans l’industrie de la musique, ainsi qu’au niveau des parcours identitaires des jeunes. En s’appuyant sur la littérature du tournant du siècle, nous tentons alors de mettre en lumière comment s’articulent les usages identitaires de la musique dans un contexte d’abondance et d’omniprésence de la musique où les jeunes sont appelés à « être eux-mêmes », une individualisation normée et généralisée. À l’aide d’une approche cognitive du développement de l’identité, nous adoptons dans le cadre de notre recherche une vision holistique de l’identité qui ne la divise pas en différentes composantes. Plutôt que de considérer l’identité personnelle et l’identité sociale séparément, nous adoptons la conception d’un continuum qui unit un pôle réflexif et un pôle social, sur lequel chacun déploie un amalgame unique de procédés identitaires. Parmi nos participants, nous avons également distingué trois profils identitaires, les introspectifs, les observateurs et les explorateurs, qui prennent place sur ce continuum en se distinguant notamment par les sources desquels ils tirent des informations sur eux-mêmes. Cette recherche s’appuie sur 15 entrevues semi-dirigées conduites auprès de jeunes étudiants fréquentant les cégeps du grand Montréal. Au cours de ces entrevues, les participants ont notamment partagé leurs parcours identitaires, leurs pratiques musicales, ainsi que la place qu’occupe la musique dans leur vie et dans leur conception d’eux-mêmes. Au travers de notre analyse, nous décelons des relations changeantes à la musique, surtout au niveau des répertoires qui prennent de l’ampleur, et des moments d’écoutes, qui se font de plus en plus fréquents. Nous observons également que les participants font des usages différents de la musique en fonction de leur profil identitaire. Ainsi, la musique intervient surtout au niveau de la réflexion, de l’analyse de soi et de ses émotions chez notre profil introspectif, tandis qu’elle intervient plutôt au niveau des appartenances chez les observateurs, et au niveau de l’exploration chez les explorateurs. Finalement, nous observons des logiques changeantes au niveau du reflet de soi par la musique, et proposons le concept de « cartographie de soi » pour substituer au concept bien connu de « badge identitaire » proposé par Simon Frith. / This thesis focuses on the roles that music can play in the identity construction of young listeners who consume it at high levels. While initially a popular topic of study during the 1990s and 2000s, the topic of music and identity has since lost its steam. Twenty years later, we are noticing important transformations in the music industry, as well as in the area of identity construction among the youth. Drawing on this turn-of-the-century literature, we attempt to shed light on how identity-related uses of music are articulated in a context of abundance and omnipresence of music where young people are also called upon to be themselves, in a context of normalized and generalized individualization. Using a cognitive approach to identity development, our research takes a holistic view of identity that avoids dividing it into different components. Rather than considering personal identity and social identity, we adopt a continuum that joins a reflexive pole and a social pole, on which each deploys a unique amalgam of identity processes. Finally, we also distinguish three identity profiles among our participants, the introspectives, the observers, and the explorers, who distinguish themselves by the sources from which they draw information about themselves. This research is based on 15 semi-structured interviews conducted with young students attending CEGEPs in the greater Montreal area. During these interviews, the participants shared their identity pathways, their habits of music consumption, as well as the place of music in their lives, and their concept of self. Our analysis reveals changing relationships to music, especially in terms of repertoires which are becoming more extensive and listening times which are becoming more frequent. We also observe that the identity profiles use music differently, notably at the level of reflection, self-analysis, and emotions for our introspective profile, music intervenes at the level of belonging and identification for the observers, and the level of exploration for the explorers. Finally, we observe changing logic at the level of self-reflection through music and propose the concept of self-mapping to substitute Simon Frith's identity badge.