<p>The purpose of this study is to analyze two literary translations of Astrid Lindgren’s <em>Pippi Långstrump </em>(Lindgren, 1945)<em> </em>from Swedish into English.  The study compares the British and the American English translations of neologisms, nonce words and proper nouns.  The primary data chosen for this study are the Swedish children’s book <em>Pippi Långstrump </em>(1945), written by Astrid Lindgren, and its 1954 British translation, by Edna Hurup, as well as the 1977 American English translation, by Florence Lamborn.  The method used in this study is qualitative, and consists of an in-depth analysis of representative examples of neologisms, nonce words and proper nouns.  Three research questions aimed at finding out what translation procedures were used, whether there were any differences between the two translations, and whether there were any semantic changes in the two translations.  The conclusion is that the most common translation procedure used is equivalence.  The most distinguishing difference between the two translations is that the American English translation seems to stay more true to the original text, whereas the British translation has a greater respect for the target text reader, in the sense that it is more culturally adapted than the American English translation.  There were no major semantic changes in the samples from the two translations, with the exception of a few examples.  In conclusion, both translators manage to maintain the atmosphere of the original text.<strong></strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p>

A translator works as a mediator between an original work that has been written in one language, a source text, and those who will be the audience of the translation, or, in other words, the target text. Translating a text is often a challenging task, as the translator must keep in mind both the source text and its author’s intentions with the text, and also its intended audience, but also keep in mind the target audience of the target text. Translating can become even more challenging with children’s literature, as they, among other things, often can contain very creative, imaginative and playful use of language. In this study, The BFG, a popular children’s book from 1982 written by the British author Roald Dahl, is analyzed – both the English source text and the Japanese translation by Taeko Nakamura. The research question to be answered is the following: When looking at the speech style, or idiolect, of the character "the BFG" of Roald Dahl’s The BFG, with a focus on neologisms, wordplay and allusions, what difficulties exist in the source text and what efforts have been made by the translator in attempts to achieve an equivalent effect in the target text? The results of this study display several difficulties that can arise when attempting to translate the idiolect of the BFG, especially due to its vast amount of expressive language. Replacement with standard language and deletion were two of the main translation strategies, and the number of identified cases of neologisms, wordplay and allusions in the source text was over double the amount identified in the target text. However, it is also shown how the translator has used different means to compensate for the source text features that may have gotten lost in translation.

The thesis deals with manifestations of lexical dynamics in the language of Internet discussion forums. The chosen communication sphere is typical for its creativity and spontaneity, respectively active exchange of lexical means and the effort for fresh expressions. For these reasons, the language of discussion forums on the Internet is a suitable material basis for the confrontational description of lexical innovations in contemporary Bulgarian and contemporary Czech. The theoretical part of the thesis defines the notion of neologism and the terms connected with it, as well as the specific features of Internet communication. In the practical part, a structural and semantic analysis of Czech and Bulgarian neologisms is carried out, and considering that a large part of the new lexicon used in the discussion forums is borrowed mainly from English, more attention is paid to the interpretation of the meaning of these loanwords and the ways of their adaptation in Czech and in Bulgarian.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2003-01-23Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:30:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 amorim_r_me_assis.pdf: 653306 bytes, checksum: 78963eb4cfc2684bb78414840cbfd8b7 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo realizar um estudo comparativo entre Sagarana de Guimarães Rosa e sua respectiva tradução para o inglês, realizada por Harriet de Onís, analisando as soluções tradutórias encontradas por esta última para os neologismos criados pelo autor, buscando encontrar elementos que possibilitem o entendimento da produção textual e do processo tradutório. A compreensão das soluções tradutórias será pautada por a) um estudo dos conflitos e contradições inerentes e implícitos à tradução: o paradoxo relativo à impossibilidade inerente vs. necessidade absoluta e a dicotomia tradução literal vs. tradução livre; b) analisar a prosa roseana enfocando a produção-recepção de um texto literário e da função estética do neologismo no texto literário; c) uma análise da formação das palavras para determinar os fatores operados e viabilizadores da construção neológica; e d) a produção de sugestões de tradução para as soluções tradutórias oferecidas pela tradutora ora estuda. Este estudo comparativo seguirá uma orientação funcionalista de tradução aliada a uma perspectiva simpática às correntes Contemporâneas da Recepção, procurando entender os papéis dos elementos envolvidos na produção/recepção textuais: o autor, o texto-oferta, a leitura, o leitor, o tradutor e o texto-tradução. / This dissertation was carried out as a comparative study of J. Guimarães Rosa's Sagarana (1946) and its respective translation by Harriet de Onís (1966), specifically focused on the translation solutions provided by her to the neologisms created by him, in order to find out elements which make possible both textual production and translation process understanding. The understanding at issue will comprise a) the inherent and implicit conflicts and contradictions of translation: the inherent impossibility vs. absolute necessity paradox and literal translation vs. free translation dichotomy; b) an analysis of Rosa's prose style focusing on the literary text production-reception and the neologism aesthetic function within the literary text; c) an analysis of word formation for determining neological construction at work and feasible factors; and d) the suggestion of translation equivalents instead of the solutions provided by Onís. A translation functionalist approach will be taken in association with an engaging perspective on the Contemporary reception theories meant to explain the roles of the elements involved textual production/reception: the source language text (SLT), the reading process, the translator's mediation the target language text (TLT) and the reader (Rø), the translator, and the translation-text.

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-07-19T13:59:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 3655935 bytes, checksum: c32c80be0b5d66b04eb2ca7b1e59f308 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-19T13:59:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivo total.pdf: 3655935 bytes, checksum: c32c80be0b5d66b04eb2ca7b1e59f308 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This dissertation points out how the appearances of the neologisms in a language, by lexicalization, can contribute to enrichment and updating of the lexicon of the same language. Therefore, it looked for: (i) expose the main concepts about lexicon, neologism and lexicalization, based on the Usage-Based Linguistics (UBL), (ii) it presents 13 lexical items selected from the digital corpus and (iii) present the real relevance of the lexicalization for the formation of new words, for to understand how this affects/changes the multi-system. The corpus used was the one of the Project AC/DC: corpo Corpus Brasileiro, which has about one billion words employed in the most varied use contexts. For the fundamentation of the dissertation, some scholars were consulted, among them we highlight: Martelotta (2011), Gonçalves (2011), Contiero and Ferraz (2014), Correia and Almeida (2012), Carvalho (2009a), Biderman (1981), Câmara Jr. (2011), Pontes-Ribeiro (2007), Castilho (2003a; 2003b; 2008), Cunha (2011), Mendes and Seabra (2006), Ferraz (2006; 2007) and Fortunato (2008). The methodology consists in three stages: a) select of lexical elements samples in the corpus, b) extraction of this samples and compilations of them in tables and c) analyses of collected data. The results revealed that some of the 13 lexicalized words/neologisms, possibly, appeared to fulfill an existing space of linguistic signs in the multi-system, others acquired new meanings when used in new contexts of use and many others are in process of disappearance. The frequency of use was determining in the change of meaning. / Esta dissertação aponta como o surgimento dos neologismos em uma língua, pela lexicalização, pode contribuir para o enriquecimento e atualização do léxico desta mesma língua. Deste modo, buscou-se: (i) expor os principais conceitos sobre léxico, neologismo e lexicalização, com base na Linguística Centrada no Uso (LCU), (ii) apresentar 13 itens lexicais selecionados a partir do corpus digital e (iii) discutir a relevância da lexicalização para a formação de novas palavras, para entender como isso afeta/altera o multissistema. O corpus utilizado foi o Projeto AC/DC: corpo Corpus Brasileiro, que contém cerca de um bilhão de palavras empregadas nos mais variados contextos de uso. Para a fundamentação da dissertação, alguns estudiosos foram consultados, entre os quais se destacam: Martelotta (2011), Gonçalves (2011), Contiero e Ferraz (2014), Correia e Almeida (2012), Carvalho (2009a), Biderman (1978; 1981), Câmara Jr. (2011), Pontes-Ribeiro (2007), Castilho (2003a; 2003b; 2008), Cunha (2011), Mendes e Seabra (2006), Ferraz (2006; 2007) e Fortunato (2008). A metodologia consistiu em três etapas: a) coleta de amostras de itens lexicais no corpus, b) extração dessas amostras e compilação em tabelas e c) análise dos dados coletados. Os resultados revelaram que alguns dos 13 neologismos/palavras lexicalizadas, possivelmente, surgiram para preencher um vazio de signos linguísticos no multissistema, outros adquiriram novos sentidos ao serem empregados em novos contextos de uso e outros tantos estão em processo de desaparecimento. A frequência de uso foi determinante para a mudança no sentido.

En este trabajo hemos investigado las nuevas entradas en el Diccionario de la lengua Española (DRAE) y los neologismos en el Banco de neologismos construido por el Observatori de Neologia, con el enfoque en los préstamos de estos corpus, haciendo una comparación entre ellos para averiguar las posibles diferencias y la posible influencia de una postura restrictiva de la Real Academia Española sobre estas diferencias. El resultado confirma una frecuencia menor de préstamos en el DRAE, y notamos que el francés y el latín son contribuyentes en mayor grado en el diccionario que en el Banco de neologismos, mientras la relación es la inversa para el inglés, que por otra parte constituye el idioma de origen más frecuente de los préstamos en ambos corpus. Constatamos una adaptación ortográfica de los préstamos más extensa en el diccionario, pero no vemos diferencias destacables en cuanto al dominio contextual de los préstamos.  En resumen, las diferencias son en gran medida coherentes con la supuesta actitud de la RAE en retener una unidad de la lengua española.

The aim of this paper is to examine how anglicisms infiltrate into Romanian language, their influence on Romanian language and how these anglicisms are adapted to the language system. There is a comparison between adaptation of anglicisms in Czech and Romanian language. Next chapter describes also the difference between Czech and Romanian view on the definition of neologism. Examined are various cases including changing of the meaning, words that must be adopted, because they cannot be found in Romanian vocabulary or the opposite case - unnecessary anglicisms that have corresponding Romanian analogues. The paper also focuses on etymology of anglicisms, abbreviations, as well as mistakes, which may occur during adoption of English words into Romanian language. The last part examines morphology, especially the issue of gender and formation of plural forms.

The present thesis deals with the semantics of prefixes in Czech verbal neologisms. The first part describes verbal prefixation, the classification of prefixes, and their principal functions. Subsequently, polysemy, collocability and valency of prefixed verbs are characterized. The following section discusses the methodology, and characterizes the electronic neological database Neomat, which is the primary source of material for the thesis. The subject of analysis is neological verbs with prefixes od-, pro- and vy-. The meanings of these prefixes are described in relation to the collocability, valency and polysemy of prefixed verbs. The analysis aims to identify the principal meanings of the prefixes and to determine whether there are any meanings which have not been presented in any paper yet. Key words: neologism, nonce word, prefix, semantics, verb, word formation

This study aims to discover how author’s neologisms in Douglas Adams’s science fiction novel The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy were translated in its only existing official Japanese translation by Kazumi Yasuhara. It also tries to answer the question of whether the type of a neologism influenced the translator’s choices when translating it. The study uses a hundred neologisms from the novel, classifying them and their translation strategies using classification systems proposed by Peter Newmark in his 1988 work A Textbook of Translation.  It is concluded that the type of a neologism did indeed have an influence on which strategies the translator chose to use when translating it. Overall, the most common strategies proved to be couplet, i.e., a combination of several strategies, naturalisation, i.e., transliteration and adaptation to target language conventions, and through translation, i.e., literal translation of all components of a compound word or collocation.

This study examined the translation of neologisms in the fan and official translations of the first book of the The Irregular at Magic High School light novel series. It aimed to examine whether the choices of translation strategies differed between the two as well as how the word type and choice of translation strategy affected the end result. Additionally, it compared the results to trends in manga fan translation. The study was performed by reading the first four chapters of the original novel and writing down each unique neologism as well as its corresponding translations. Then, each case was categorized by word type and translation strategy. The study found that both translations had similar distributions of translation strategies, though the fan translation contained more omissions and mistranslations. Furthermore, depending on the type of word, different strategies were employed. For example, neologisms of non-Japanese origin were often transferred to English whereas Japanese compound words were often literally translated. In contrast, Japanese abbreviations caused difficulty and required a wide array of strategies to translate. Lastly, the study found some similarities and some dissimilarities to manga translation.