Background: Basic hygiene is an important measure to prevent healthcare associated infections, save patients’ lives, and reduce economic costs for health care. Healthcare associated infections are a threat to patient safety. In community care persons who are the care takers are a risk group and nurses must make sure that basic hygiene procedures are followed. Method: Literature studies with descriptive design, article search in databases Cinahl and PubMed. The results found are based on twelve chosen articles. Aim: To describe factors related to adherence to basic hygiene and how nurses in community care can help to improve compliance with these procedures. Results: In the nursing staff and leadership in health care interest in and the understanding of basic hygiene is described as being of most importance. Lack of knowledge of the meaning of patient care cleanliness, negative attitudes and non-existing availability of necessary tools and heavy workload had a negative impact. Intensified education and making sure that equipment is available as well as the application of standardized methods, were found to be prerequisite for adherence to basic hygiene routines. Conclusion: Nurses can contribute to improved adherence to basic hygiene routines by promoting education, positive attitudes, a positive adaption of the physical environment, strategic structuring of the workload, and standardized methods, applying basic hygiene routines, being part of and promoting increased interaction in nursing care. Suggestions for future studies is to implement web-based courses, updating courses and training in basic hygiene routines in the workplace. That may increase knowledge, understanding and awareness of the application of basic hygiene routines hence leading to improved nursing care and enhancing patient safety.

Uppsatsens syfte var att studera artiklar som publicerats om sjuksköterskeupproret 2012 genom ett kritiskt diskursanalytiskt angreppssätt för att se vad det råder kamp om och hur sjuksköterskans yrkesroll- och identitet konstrueras, reproduceras och transformeras genom diskurser.De frågeställningar som uppsatsen bygger på är: Hur ser diskursen ut? Vilka objekt/subjekt som finns och återkommer i artiklarna och som det råder kamp om? Vilka grupper kan identifieras och hur beskrivs grupperna/vilken karaktär har de och vilka egenskaper tillskrivs det (direkt och indirekt)? Hur förs argumentationen? Vad är innebörden av det som skrivs?Vilken språklig karaktär har artiklarna? Vilka säger vad – vilken auktoritet tillskrivs dem? Vilka maktrelationer kan urskiljas?Uppsatsen vilar på Norman Faircloughs kritiska diskursanalytiska teoretiska och metodologiska ramverk för att svara på frågeställningarna. Det empiriska material som utgör grunden för analysen är nio utvalda tidningsartiklar från nationella, lokala och vårdpraktiska tidningar. Resultaten pekar på att det råder kamp om att sjuksköterskeyrket värderas som ett ”kall”, en föreställning de genom att kräva högre ingångslön vill bryta. De vill med upproret få betalt efter den utbildning och kompetens de besitter.

No description available.

abstract: Over the past century, the relationship between the built environment and people’s health and well-being has become central to the discussion and critique of healthcare design. The concept of such a relationship is not new; more than a century ago, Florence Nightingale promoted a particular vision for hospital design. Her concerns with naturalism, acoustics, ventilation, and aesthetics in the healthcare environment are as relevant today as they were in the mid-19th century. This dissertation examines Nightingale’s contributions to the development of the nascent field of healthcare interiors by: identifying major developments of healthcare interiors through the centuries; investigating Nightingale’s life, work, and principles on the healthcare environment; and examining whether certain contemporary hospital design approaches support, expand upon, or negate her principles. The research integrates material culture analysis of extant objects and content analysis of documents within the framework of a case study of two healthcare facilities in Tucson, Arizona. Findings show that the Nightingale era was seminal in the evolution of the healthcare environment, with key developments towards healthful interiors for the sick. Wide adoption of hospital design guidelines suggested by Nightingale—emphasizing physical elements such as ventilation, natural light, view, sanitization, and ambiance—occurred in various types of healthcare facilities, including military and tuberculosis sanatoria around the world. Additionally, analysis of the case study shows just how welcoming and supportive a 1920s healthcare facility, like the Desert Sanitarium, can be. The facility successfully adapts Florence Nightingale’s principles to the local climate and context, including indigenous pueblo architecture, traditional Southwestern materials, Native American artifacts, desert views, and even the traditional courtyard plan used by Spanish colonial settlers. This successful adaptation suggests that Nightingale’s principles may be valuable to and relevant within different places and times, even today. Thus, Nightingale contributed to the emerging field of healthcare interiors by: 1) functionally organizing the built environment affecting patients’ healing, 2) preventing healthcare-associated infection in the physical environment, and 3) supporting psychological health with aesthetic amenities. The findings advance interior design scholarship, education, and practice; and further the documentation and explication of Arizona’s history in the healthcare environment. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Design 2015

I denna studie undersöks hur Florence Nightingale framställs i biografier. Tre biografier har valts om Florence skrivna av olika författare, dessa är utgivna 1952, 1990 och 2007. För att besvara syftet och frågeställningarna valdes en kvalitativ innehållsanalys och en tematisering gjordes. Temana var administratör, sjuksköterska och politiker. Syftet var att undersöka hur Florence framställts utifrån dessa teman samt se hur framställningen har förändrats över tid. Resultatet visar på att Florence framställts som en ung kvinna som inte passar in i tillvaron och kämpar mot både sig själv, sin familj och sina omständigheter för rätten att själv välja sin väg. Biden av henne förändras och man möter kvinnan som tjänstgör på fältsjukhusen på Skutari och här presenteras bilden av en stark kvinna med skin på näsan som vet vad hon vill. Den sista bilden av Florence är den efter hemkomsten när hon ägnar resten av sitt liv med att reformera och förändra samhället och det är en ytterst målmedveten kvinna läsaren möter. Framställningen av Florence Nightingale har förändrats vad gäller innehåll och vilket utrymme dessa ges. Förändringen ligger även i att senare författare utgår mer från olika teman för att närma sig Florence. Det finns en tydligare agenda bakom senare författare som att Moberg gärna vill lyfta fram Florence som en av tidens föregångare i kvinnokampen.

No description available.

An analysis of the transformation from Stravinsky's opera The Nightingale to The Song of the Nightingale, a symphonic poem by the same composer. The text includes a brief history of Stravinsky's life and the genesis of The Nightingale and The Song of the Nightingale. The bulk of the dissertation discusses actual changes employed by Stravinsky (with score examples). Patterns of modifications are identified and discussed as they relate to the composer's change of attitude in orchestration. The analysis focuses on overall patterns of alteration imposed by Stravinsky and their perceived effectiveness achieving a symphonic aural outcome.

Many bird populations are known to show strong territoriality as well as high site fidelity during breeding. The Common Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos) is one of many such migratory species that annually occupies the same favourable habitat. Especially dominant males prefer to breed in the same area every year, and high fidelity probably assures high breeding success. This study aims to investigate breeding biology, population size and spatial distribution of nightingales at a small area in Yalincak within the METU campus grounds (Ankara, Turkey). From 2003 to 2005, birds were captured and marked with metal or colour rings or radio tags for monitoring. Analyses were carried out on 77 individuals, including ringing data from the previous two years. Phenology of the study population was characterized by early arrival of males in late April, followed one week later by females. Nesting immediately followed and the first young fledged in early June. Second broods were also recorded. Most birds apparently left for the south within August. The population in the 2.65 ha large area was estimated to be about 20-25 individuals. However, only 2-4 breeding territories were present and a large proportion of floaters existed. Territory sizes were smaller than reported elsewhere. Annual survival rate was 0.424 &amp / #61617 / 0.121. Contrary to previous knowledge, taxonomically the Yalincak population belonged to subspecies africana although more westerly subspecies could be recorded during migration. This study revealed the importance of small but productive biotopes as important breeding habitats for passerines. It also showed that a few highly successful individuals may contribute out of proportion to the next generation.

Submitted by Hiolanda Rêgo (hiolandarego@gmail.com) on 2015-03-09T14:44:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_ Enf_Manuela Bastos Alves.pdf: 557623 bytes, checksum: e38497fd109f96974fcaa2c4f80965ad (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Flávia Ferreira (flaviaccf@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-03-09T16:11:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_ Enf_Manuela Bastos Alves.pdf: 557623 bytes, checksum: e38497fd109f96974fcaa2c4f80965ad (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-09T16:11:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_ Enf_Manuela Bastos Alves.pdf: 557623 bytes, checksum: e38497fd109f96974fcaa2c4f80965ad (MD5) / Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, de corte transversal, de abordagem quantitativa que teve como objetivo geral: analisar as condições de saúde de idosos que residem em instituições de Longa Permanência e caracterizar estas instituições quanto aos aspectos físico-estruturais e organizacionais. Foi desenvolvida em quatro instituições de longa permanência localizadas no Distrito Sanitário de Itapagipe, na cidade de Salvador-Bahia, de setembro a novembro de 2013. Participaram do estudo 117 idosos residentes, quatro coordenadores e sete cuidadores de idosos destas instituições. Foram utilizados dois questionários como instrumento de coleta de dados, contendo questões sóciodemográficas e de saúde dos idosos e, questões sobre a estrutura organizacional das instituições. Os dados quantitativos foram tratados por meio do software SPSS e interpretados segundo a Teoria Ambientalista de Florence Nightingale. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria (85,5%) dos idosos era do sexo feminino, na faixa etária de 81 anos, (64,1%) era de cor parda, (88,0%) era da religião católica, (51,3%) era natural de Salvador - Bahia, possuíam 1┤8 anos de estudo (27,4%), tinham familiares (80,3%), não recebiam visitas (65,0%), solteiros (48,7%), com renda de um salário mínimo, aposentados (90,3%), procedentes da casa própria (38,5%), levados à instituição por familiares que não os filhos (66,2%), residindo nestas residências há aproximadamente 51 meses, possuíam alteração visual (96,6%), apresentavam alterações do sono (56,4%), apresentavam úlceras por pressão em região sacra (30,8%) e em região trocanteriana direita (11,1%), sofreram quedas no último ano (43,6%), a hipertensão arterial foi a doença mais prevalente (54,7%), faziam uso constante de medicamentos (82,9%), se mostraram dependentes na realização das Atividades da Vida Diária (68,4%), o risco de demência para os idosos que possuíam escolaridade foi de 14,8% e para os analfabetos ou que não se tinha registro sobre escolaridade o risco de demência foi de 45,7% e 39,5% respectivamente. A maioria dos idosos é portadora de morbidades, é dependente para realização das atividades de vida diária e com a capacidade cognitiva comprometida. As Instituições de Longa Permanência para Idosos investigadas necessitam de adequação na estrutura física e reorganização dos serviços com o propósito de responder, principalmente, a demanda crescente da população gerontogeriátrica e atender as necessidades de saúde dos idosos residentes, de forma a estimular e promover a manutenção da sua independência e autonomia.

Nursing methods are understood as a collection of knowledge and instructions about how to perform nursing in order to achieve the most effective nursing care. It's not a set of fixed rules. Their development relies on the development of medicine and technology. They are in accordance with medicinal and technological knowledge. The goal of this thesis is to map the development of certain nursing methods in internal departments from the second half of the 19th century to the present day. It has been a qualitative research carried out by studying and analyzing written documents. This thesis was based on searching, sorting and consequent processing of historical archived publications and contemporary professional sources related to this topic. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the history of nursing. It contains a brief description of the beginning of nursing along with the factors which have influenced nursing. Foundations of modern nursing have formed thanks to Florence Nightingale, who also influenced the development of nursing in the Czech lands. The history of Czech nursing is mostly concentrated around the period of the world wars. The second part is dedicated to specific nursing activities concerning healthy living spaces, rooms for patients, patients? beds and their modifications, care of patients? hygiene and monitoring the vital functions. The timeframe begins at the first half of the 19th century due to the establishment of real nursing professions at that time. Individual stages are ten years long. They indicate complex development of specific nursing methods from their beginnings to the present day. Mapping the historical development of certain nursing methods can contribute to the modern nurse's work. Past knowledge can help them to avoid mistakes and use of outdated methods. My thesis may also lead to a reflection of current methods, which may be replaced by more advanced ones.