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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
71

Análise de parâmetros biomecânicos relacionados à síndrome dolorosa fêmoro-patelar / Biomechanical analysis of parameters related to patellofemoral pain syndrome

Heloyse Uliam Kuriki 17 June 2009 (has links)
De etiologia multifatorial, a síndrome dolorosa fêmoro-patelar (SDPF) acomete de 7 a 15% da população, em sua maioria jovens, adultos e ativos. Causa dor difusa anterior ou retropatelar e é exacerbada durante atividades funcionais, como subir e descer degraus, permanecer por um período prolongado sentado, agachado ou ajoelhado (COWAN, BENNELL e HODGES, 2002). Tanto o processo de avaliação quanto a evolução do tratamento baseiam-se, fundamentalmente, no relato de dor feito pelo paciente e na incapacidade funcional. Diagnosticar corretamente o distúrbio possibilitaria um tratamento mais adequado e permitiria o acompanhamento do quadro evolutivo do paciente ao longo do tratamento proposto. Desta maneira, propôs-se a análise de alguns parâmetros biomecânicos para melhor caracterização destes indivíduos. 33 voluntárias - 11 com diagnóstico médico de dor fêmoro-patelar e 22 clinicamente normais - foram submetidas à avaliação por meio de eletromiografia de superfície das porções medial e lateral do quadríceps; análise tridimensional de movimento; e plataforma de força durante a subida de degraus. As voluntárias do grupo SDFP foram caracterizadas por um atraso no tempo de atividade máxima do músculo vasto medial em relação ao vasto lateral (4 ms), aumento da rotação externa do fêmur (3,14 graus) e menor variação global do torque (1,14 Nm), quando comparadas aos indivíduos do grupo controle. Os resultados obtidos complementam-se e ajudam a entender características de comportamento neuromotor em indivíduos com dor fêmoro-patelar. Conjuntamente, esses instrumentos apresentam grande potencial para a avaliação e classificação dos indivíduos com relação à síndrome. / From multifactorial etiology, patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) affects 7 to 15% of the population, mostly young, adults and active people. It causes anterior or behind patella diffuse pain and is exacerbated during functional activities such as climbing and descending stairs or stay for a long time sitting, kneeling or crouching down (COWAN, BENNELL e HODGES, 2002). The evaluation process as much as the evolution of treatment is fundamentally based in the reporting of pain by the patient and the functional disability. Correct diagnostic of the disorder would allow a more appropriate treatment as well as to keep up with the patient evolution during the proposed treatment. Thus, it was proposed the biomechanical analysis of some parameters to better characterize these individuals. 33 female volunteers - 11 with medical diagnosis of patellofemoral pain and 22 clinically normal - were submitted to evaluation of surface electromyography of the medial and lateral portions of the quadriceps, three-dimensional motion analysis and force plate during the ascent of steps. The volunteers of the PFPS group were characterized by a delay in time of maximum activity of the vastus medialis muscle related to the vastus lateralis (4 ms), increased femoral external rotation (3.14 degrees) and less overall variation in the torque (1.14 Nm) when compared to individuals in the control group. The results complement each other and help to understand features of neuromotor behavior in individuals with patellofemoral pain. Together, these tools have great potential for assessment and classification of these individuals related to the syndrome.
72

Análise da dor, capacidade funcional, força e cinemática do pé em mulheres com síndrome da dor femoropatelar submetidas a dois tipos de tratamento / Analysis of pain, functional capacity, strength, and foot kinematics in womon with patellofemoral pain submitted to two types of treatment

Lima, Bruna Maria de 11 December 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-05-24T19:48:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna Maria De Lima.pdf: 719703 bytes, checksum: 34e42e0d0dacbd0d1980eefea4fe2232 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-24T19:48:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bruna Maria De Lima.pdf: 719703 bytes, checksum: 34e42e0d0dacbd0d1980eefea4fe2232 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-11 / Frequent pain complaints in the anterior knee, difficulties in activities of daily living, such as up and down stairs, ramps and walking are common symptoms in women with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). The syndrome is related to weakness of the lateral rotator muscles and the hip abductors, consequent changes in joint angles. The poor coaptation of the femur and patella, the various angles of the joints of the lower limb can influence the manifestation of pain. However, although we found studies on the lower limb kinematics, there is little description of the importance and influence of the foot in the syndrome. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of two treatment programs on pain, function and three-dimensional kinematics of the legs in women with PFPS. The effects of the interventions were calculated by paired t test for parametric measurements and Friedman test with Post Hoc analysis for intra-group with non-parametric values. P values <0.05 were considered significant. Our results showed that both protocols promote significant improvement of the power levels of the abductor muscles and lateral rotators of the hip and knee extensors. Strength training was effective for both patients FG as for SMG. There was a statistically significant increase in torque of the abductor muscles (P = 0, 011; P = 0.039 respectively) and lateral rotator (P = 0.025; P = 0.005 respectively) of the hip and knee extension (P = 0.002; P = 0.005 respectively) . There were no differences in range of motion (ROM) intra Group Force (GF) and intra sensorimotor group (GSM), so both treatments did not influence the kinematics of the feet. / Queixas álgicas frequentes na região anterior do joelho, dificuldades nas atividades de vida diária, como subir e descer escadas, rampas e caminhar são sintomas frequentes em mulheres com a síndrome da dor femoropatelar (SDFP). A síndrome está relacionada com fraqueza dos músculos rotadores laterais e abdutores do quadril, conseqüente alteração nas angulações articulares. A má coaptação do fêmur e patela, as várias angulações das articulações do membro inferior podem influenciar a manifestação da dor. Entretanto, apesar de encontrarmos estudos referentes à cinemática de membro inferior, ainda há pouca descrição sobre a importância e influência do pé na síndrome. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de dois programas de tratamento sobre a dor, a função e a cinemática tridimensional dos pés em mulheres com a SDFP. Os efeitos das intervenções foram calculados através de Teste t pareado para medidas paramétricas e teste de Friedman com post hoc para análise intragrupo com valores não paramétricos. Os valores de p < 0,05 foram considerados significantes. Nossos resultados demonstraram que ambos os protocolos promovem melhora significante dos níveis de força dos músculos abdutores e rotadores laterais do quadril e extensores do joelho. O treinamento de força mostrou-se eficaz tanto para as pacientes do GF quanto para as do GSM. Houve aumento estatisticamente significante do torque da musculatura abdutora (P = 0, 011; P = 0,039 respectivamente) e rotadora lateral (P = 0,025; P = 0,005 respectivamente) do quadril e extensora do joelho (P = 0,002; P = 0,005 respectivamente). Não foram encontradas diferenças nas amplitudes de movimento (ADM) intra Grupo de Força (GF) e intra grupo Sensóriomotor (GSM), sendo assim, ambos os tratamentos não influenciaram a cinemática dos pés.
73

Análise cinemática e da atividade muscular em mulheres saudáveis e com síndrome da dor femoropatelar durante o single leg triple hop test / Kinematic and eletromyographic analysis in healthy women and patients with patellfemoral pain syndrome during single leg triple hop test

Kalytczak, Marcelo Martins 14 December 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2018-06-19T15:32:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Martins Kalytczak.pdf: 1158535 bytes, checksum: f15bfe6500b5bf9b6773583072c1ddf7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-19T15:32:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Martins Kalytczak.pdf: 1158535 bytes, checksum: f15bfe6500b5bf9b6773583072c1ddf7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-14 / Delays in pre-activation or deficiencies in the activity of the dynamic muscle stabilizers of the knee and hip joints are the most common causes of the Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). The aim of the study was to compare kinematic variables and electromyographic activity of the vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus and gluteus medius muscles between patients with PFPS and health subjects during the single leg triple hop test (SLTHT). This cross-sectional study included 14 female (23.50 ± 2.02 years) with PFPS (PFPS group) and 14 female healthy (23.14 ± 3.35 years) with no history of knee pain (Healthy group). Kinematic and EMG data were collected through participants performed a single session of the SLTHT. The PFPS group exhibited a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the EMG activity of the biceps femoris and vastus lateralis muscles, when compared with the healthy group. This same result was also found for the vastus lateralis muscle (p <0.05) when analyzing the EMG activity during the eccentric phase (EXC-iEMG) of the stance phase. No significant difference was found in time activity of peak in any of the analyzed muscles, but in GSDFP was observed anticipation of the vastus lateralis muscle that changed the activity order in relation to the CG. In kinematic analysis, no significant differences were found between the groups. In tasks that involve a high neuromuscular control such as the single leg triple hop test, the muscles that act directly on the knee joint (biceps femoris and vastus lateralis) are more active among women with patellofemoral pain syndrome than among healthy women. These differences were not observed for the muscles that act on the hip (gluteus maximus and gluteus medius), as in previous studies. / Atrasos na pré-ativação ou deficiências na atividade dos músculos estabilizadores dinâmicos das articulações do joelho e quadril são considerados como possíveis causas da síndrome da dor femoropatelar (SDFP). O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar variáveis cinemáticas e atividade eletromiográfica (EMG) dos músculos vasto lateral, bíceps femoral, glúteo máximo e glúteo médio entre indivíduos saudáveis e pacientes com SDFP durante a execução do single leg triple hop test (SLTHT). Participaram deste estudo transversal, 14 mulheres (idade 23,50 ± 2,02) com diagnóstico de dor anterior de joelho (GSDFP) e 14 mulheres saudáveis (idade 23,14 ± 3,35) sem histórico de dor no joelho (grupo controle – GC). Os dados da avaliação cinemática e EMG foram coletados das participantes durante uma única sessão de testes. As voluntárias do GSDFP demonstraram aumento estatisticamente significativo (p<0,05) na atividade EMG dos músculos bíceps femoral e vasto lateral durante a pré-ativação e a fase de apoio, quando comparado com as mulheres do GC. Este mesmo resultado também foi encontrado para o músculo vasto lateral (p<0,05) quando analisada somente a contração excêntrica da fase de apoio. Não houve diferença significativa no tempo do pico de atividade em nenhum dos músculos analisados, porém no GSDFP foi observada uma antecipação do músculo vasto lateral que alterou a ordem de atividade em relação ao GC. Na análise cinemática não foi encontrada diferença significativa para o ângulo de flexão de quadril e joelho entre os grupos. De acordo com os resultados observados, em atividades intensas e que envolvem alta exigência do controle neuromuscular como o SLTHT, os músculos que estabilizam a articulação do joelho (vasto lateral e bíceps femoral) são mais ativos entre as mulheres com SDFP em comparação com mulheres saudáveis. Estas diferenças não foram observadas nos músculos que atuam na estabilização da articulação do quadril (glúteo máximo e médio), conforme já verificado em estudos anteriores.
74

Iliotibial Band Length and Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome: Relationship Between Two Measurement Techniques

Scotti, Duane Michael 01 January 2017 (has links)
Purpose: To determine the relationship between iliotibial band (ITB) length and the presence of patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), compare the difference in ITB length between the painful knee and the non-painful knee in subjects with unilateral PFPS, determine the test-retest reliability, standard error of measurement, and minimal detectable change (MDC) of the Ober test and modified Thomas test, and explore the relationship between the Ober test and the modified Thomas test in measuring ITB length. Subjects: Forty-eight subjects were recruited (PFPS group n=24, control group n=24) from three different outpatient physical therapy clinics. Methods: The Ober test and modified Thomas test was conducted on both legs of each subject to determine ITB length with the use of a digital inclinometer. Examiners were blinded to group assignment and an independent observer recorded all the results. Results: The mean values for hip adduction during the Ober test was 7.2 degrees in the control group and 2.3 degrees in the PFPS group. One way ANOVA revealed a significant difference between groups (p= .011). There were no differences in ITB length comparing the painful knee to the non-painful knee for both the Ober test and modified Thomas test. The ICC values calculated for the test-retest reliability were .95 for the Ober test and .86 for the modified Thomas test. Pearson correlational analysis revealed a weak negative correlation (r=-.40, p=.005) between the Ober test and modified Thomas test on the left side and no correlation on the right side. Discussion and Conclusion: The Ober test is better at distinguishing between a PFPS group and a control group than the modified Thomas test supporting the clinical utility of the Ober test. The use of a digital inclinometer for both the Ober test and modified Thomas test appears to be a reliable method for the measurement of ITB length. However, given the lack of relationship found between the two tests, the two examination procedures should not be used interchangeably for the measurement of ITB length.
75

An investigation into the effect of examiner-training on the inter-examiner reliability of the palpation of myofascial trigger points

Moodley, Kubashnie January 2011 (has links)
Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Masters Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, 2011. / Background: Myofascial pain is a disorder, characterized by the presence of trigger points (MTrP). It is recognised by unique features which include a tender point in a taut band of muscle, a local twitch response (LTR), a characteristic referred pain pattern, and the reproduction of the patient’s usual pain upon examination. A debate exists as to the precise diagnostic criteria used in identifying trigger points. This has hampered the standardized assessment and treatment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome and has led to contradictory findings being reported by various authors due to the lack of a reliable diagnostic tool. Objectives: The first objective was to determine the inter-examiner reliability of palpation of MTrPs in the trapezius and gluteus medius muscles. The second objective was to determine whether training and standardization in palpation techniques would improve inter-examiner reliability of palpation of MTrPs. Methods: This study was designed as a quantitative pre and post intervention interexaminer reliability study. Three examiners (one qualified Chiropractor, one senior chiropractic intern from the CDC and the researcher) were used to examine sixty patients (thirty symptomatic and thirty asymptomatic) for MTrPs. This study was conducted in two phases. During the myofascial examination of patients examiners were required to determine whether a MTrP was present or absent, differentiate whether the MTrP was active or latent and determine the presence or absence of the five characteristics of MTrP (tender point in a taut band of muscle, a local twitch response (LTR), a pain characteristic referred pain pattern, the reproduction of the patient’s usual pain and a jump sign) however, in phase one the researchers were blinded to the characteristics being investigated. Subsequent to phase one, examiners had to attend two, one hour discussion sessions to reduce individual variation in the application of palpation techniques. Results: Inter-examiner reliability was assessed using Fleiss Kappa statistic, percentage agreement and confidence intervals. The results show that three examiners are able to attain acceptable agreement in the palpation of MTrPs, since the features (described above) were shown to improve considerably in phase two after the training session in which standardization of techniques was emphasized. Conclusion: This study provides preliminary evidence that MTrP palpation is reliable and therefore, useful diagnostic tool in the identification of MTrPs and the diagnosis of Myofascial Pain Syndrome.
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Využití "mirror therapy" u pacientů s komplexním regionálním bolestivým syndromem I. typu / Utility of "mirror therapy" in complex regional pain syndrome I. type

Chasáková, Ludmila January 2014 (has links)
Bibliographic identification CHASÁKOVÁ, Ludmila. Utility of the "mirror therapy" in the treatment complex regional pain syndrome (type I). Prague: Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2014. 105 s. Supervisor Mgr. Stanislav Machač. Annotation Objectives: Introduction of "mirror therapy" (MT) principles in patients with Type 1 complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Verification of the effectiveness of the MT in terms of sensory, functional and morphological changes. Participants: Sixteen patients (14 women and 2 men, age 55.3±10.5 years) and 10 controls (7 women and 3 men, age 54.9±7.6 years) were included in this study. All of them were diagnosed as patients with Type I CRPS. Methods and measure: The intervention group underwent 6 weeks of MT. Both groups recorded numerical scale pain for 6 weeks. At the beginning and end of the period, all probands underwent examination including: range of motion of wrist flexion and extension, thenar temperature side-to-side difference, volume of the hand and forearm, dynamometry, PegBoard, ability to close the fist, Wind-Up, referred sensations and EQ-5D-3L questionnaire. Results: A statistically significant reduction in pain at rest and during movement was found in the intervention group, not in the control group....
77

Avaliação do controle postural estático e dinâmico na síndrome patelofemoral / Evaluation of static and dynamic postural control in patellofemoral syndrome

Carvalho e Silva, Ana Paula de Moura Campos 06 May 2014 (has links)
Introdução: A síndrome da dor patelofemoral (SDP) é uma das condições musculoesqueléticas mais comum de dor anterior no joelho. Caracteriza-se pela dor e crepitação durante atividades funcionais diárias como agachar, subir e descer escada, dentre outras. Apesar da alta incidência, os mecanismos e causas ainda são pouco compreendidos. Teoriza-se que o déficit dos músculos do quadril contribui para o desenvolvimento da SDP e alteração do controle postural. Objetivo: Comparar o controle postural estático e dinâmico em mulheres com e sem a síndrome patelofemoral. O objetivo secundário é verificar a correlação do controle postural com a força dos músculos do quadril no grupo SDP. Métodos: Foram avaliadas 50 mulheres divididas em dois grupos: Síndrome da dor patelofemoral (SDP) (n=25) e Controle (GC) (n=25). O controle postural estático e dinâmico foram avaliados na plataforma de força Balance Master Neurocom System, utilizando dois testes: a) apoio unipodal (estático) b) subir/descer um degrau (dinâmico) para a mensuração do centro de pressão. As forças isométricas dos músculos extensores, abdutores e rotadores laterais do quadril foram avaliados com o dinamômetro manual; a dor com a escala visual analógica (EVA) e a funcionalidade pela escala de atividades de vida diária (EAVD). No Grupo SDP foi avaliado o membro sintomático ou o mais sintomático para a SDP bilateral, e no controle o membro dominante. Resultados: O grupo da SDP apresentou déficit do controle postural estático em relação ao controle, com maior oscilação do COP no apoio unipodal: área [4,92 ± 1,54 vs 3,55 ± 1,07], deslocamento ântero-posterior [3,49 ± 0,60 vs 3,10 ± 0,93], deslocamento médio-lateral [2,22 ± 0,32 vs 1,9 ± 0,44], velocidade total [8,41 ± 1,43 vs 7,24 ± 1,20], velocidade ântero-posterior [7,75 ± 1,33 vs 6,53 ± 1,15] com diferença estatisticamente significante (p<0.05). No controle dinâmico apresentou maior oscilação: área [155,23 ± 23,94 vs 137,94 ± 25,82], deslocamento médio-lateral [32,3 ± 5,5 vs 21,7 ± 2,7] e velocidade médio-lateral [22,2 ± 2,05 vs 17,0 ± 1,6] e (p < 0.05). O grupo SDP apresentou força isométrica diminuída para os músculos extensores, abdutores, rotadores laterais do quadril (p < 0.05) comparado ao grupo controle. No controle postural dinâmico do grupo SDP foi encontrada correlação positiva do deslocamento e velocidade ântero-posterior com os músculos extensores do quadril [r = 0,42 e 0,54] Conclusão: Indivíduos com a síndrome da dor patelofemoral apresentam déficit do controle postural estático e dinâmico, da força dos extensores, abdutores e rotadores laterais do quadril. O déficit de força dos extensores do quadril foi associado ao aumento da oscilação do COP no controle dinâmico / Background: Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions of anterior knee pain. It is characterized by pain and crepitus during daily functional activities such as squatting, going up and down stairs and others activities. Despite the high incidence, the mechanism and causes are poor understood. It is theorized that the deficit of the hip muscles contributes to the development of the PFP and changes in postural control. Objective: To compare the static and dynamic postural control in females with and without patelofemoral pain syndrome and secondary objective was to verify the correlation of postural control with hip strength muscles in PFP group. Methods: Fifty females were divided on two groups: patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFP) (n = 25) and Control (CG) (n =25). The static and dynamic postural control was assessed on the Balance Master force Neurocom System platform, using two tests: a) one single leg (static) b) step up/down (dynamic) for the measurement of pressure center. The isometric strength of the hip extensor muscles, abductors and external rotators were assessed with hand-held dynamometer; pain with a visual analogue scale (VAS); the functionality by the activities daily life scale (ADLS). In PFP was evaluated symptomatic or more symptomatic for bilateral and the dominant limb for control group. Results: The PFP group showed deficits in static postural control compared to control group, with greater COP oscillation on the leg support : area [ 4.92 ± 1.54 vs 3.55 ± 1.07 ], anterior-posterior displacement [ 3.49 ± 0.60 vs 3.10 ± 0.93 ] , medial-lateral displacement [ 2.22 ± 0.32 vs 1.9 ± 0.44 ] , total velocity [ 8.41 ± 1.43 vs 7.24 ± 1.20 ], anterior-posterior velocity [ 7.75 ± 1.33 vs 6.53 ± 1.15 ] was statistically significant (p < 0,05 ). In dynamic control showed greater COP oscillation: area [155.23 ± 23.94 vs 137.94 ± 25.82], medial-lateral displacement [32.3 ± 5.5 vs. 21.7 ± 2.7] medial-lateral velocity [22.2 ± 2.05 vs 17.0 ± 1.6] and (p < 0.05). The PFP group had decreased in hip isometric strength of the extensors abductors, lateral rotators muscles, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). The PFP group showed a positive correlation of anterior- posterior displacement and velocity with the hip extensor muscles [r = 0.42 and 0.54]. Conclusion: Females with patellofemoral pain syndrome have deficit in static and dynamic postural control; hip extensors, abductors and external rotators strength. The deficit of the hip extensor muscle was associated with increased oscillation in the dynamic control of COP
78

Influência da síndrome da dor patelofemoral nos movimentos e coordenação do joelho, tornozelo e pé no descer escada e efeitos imediatos de uma intervenção / Influence of patellofemoral pain syndrome on lower extremity motion, coordination and imediate effects of an intervention

Aliberti, Sandra 30 July 2015 (has links)
A síndrome da dor patelofemoral é uma disfunção do joelho comum entre mulheres jovens fisicamente ativas que causa limitações na atividade física e atividades de vida diária, podendo evoluir para a artrite patelofemoral. Este estudo verificou a influência da síndrome da dor patelofemoral nos movimentos e coordenação dos membros inferiores e avaliou os efeitos agudos de uma intervenção cinesioterapêutica em indivíduos com síndrome da dor patelofemoral no descer escada. O Estudo 1 comparou a intensidade da dor, os movimentos, os padrões de coordenação e a variabilidade de coordenação dos membros inferiores de indivíduos com e sem a síndrome da dor patelofemoral durante o descer escada. A cinemática 3D do joelho, tornozelo e multisegmentar do pé foi comparada entre 30 mulheres adultas jovens, 16 com síndrome da dor patelofemoral e 14 controles. Os padrões e a variabilidade da coordenação foram comparados entre os grupos utilizando uma análise do vetor codificado. A escala visual analógica de dor (EVA) foi utilizada para analisar a intensidade da dor. O Estudo 2 verificou os efeitos imediatos de uma intervenção cinesioterapêutica na intensidade da dor e nos movimentos dos membros inferiores de indivíduos com síndrome da dor patelofemoral no descer escada. O grupo com síndrome da dor patelofemoral foi dividido em grupo intervenção cinesioterapêutica (n=8) e grupo controle (n=8). A cinemática 3D e a intensidade da dor (EVA) durante o descer escada foram analisadas antes e depois da intervenção. O Estudo 1 mostrou que a síndrome da dor patelofemoral está relacionada à menor inversão do antepé nas fases iniciais do descer escada e que a intensidade da dor aumenta durante a descida de escada. Os padrões de coordenação do membro inferior mostraram estratégias de restrição da flexão do joelho, assim como restrição da mobilidade do pé em indivíduos com síndrome da dor patelofemoral. Este estudo não confirmou que a menor variabilidade da coordenação está relacionada à síndrome da dor patelofemoral. O Estudo 2 mostrou que uma sessão de intervenção cinesioterapêutica é capaz de modificar os movimentos do tornozelo e pé, consequentemente modificando o movimento do joelho no plano sagital. A intervenção cinesioterapêutica diminui a dor durante a descida de escada em indivíduos com síndrome da dor patelofemoral. Estudos são necessários para a comprovação da eficácia clínica da intervenção cinesioterapêutica em médio e longo prazos / Patellofemoral pain syndrome is one of the most common dysfunctions of the knee among physical active young women. This knee dysfunction can limit physical activity as well as daily living activities. Patellofemoral pain syndrome can also lead to patellofemoral arthritis. This study aimed to verify the influence of patellofemoral pain on the lower extremity movements and coordination as well as verify the acute effects of a kinesiotherapy intervention on the lower extremity of individuals with patellofemoral pain during stair descent. On the first study, we compared the pain intensity, the lower extremity movements, coordination patterns and coordination variability between participants with and without patellofemoral pain during stair descent. 3D kinematics of the knee, ankle and multisegmental of the foot were compared between 30 adult young women, 16 with and 14 without patellofemoral pain. The coordination patterns and variability were compared between groups using a modified vector coding technique.The pain intensity was analized using a visual analogic pain scale (VAS). The second study aimed to verify the acute effects of an intervention on the pain intensity and lower extremity movements in participants with patellofemoral pain during stair descent. The participants with patellofemoral pain (n=16) were divided into two groups, intervention group (n=8) and control group (n=8). We analized the 3D kinematics and pain intensity (VAS) before and after the intervention. The outcome measures of the first study show that patellofemoral pain is associated with less forefoot inversion during the support phase of stair descent. Besides that, the pain intensity increases during stair descent in participants with patellofemoral pain. The coordination patterns show strategies of knee flexion constrain as well as mobility constrain of the foot in individuals with patellofemoral pain. The coordination variability was not associated with patellofemoral pain in this study. The second study shows that the intervention can imediatelly modify the foot, ankle and knee movements and decrease the patellofemoral pain during stair descent. Future studies should address the intervention effectiveness in medium and long- term
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Correlação clínica e termográfica do ponto-gatilho miofascial nos músculos da mastigação / Thermographic and clinical correlation of myofascial trigger points in the masticatory muscles

Haddad, Denise Sabbagh 09 August 2011 (has links)
A síndrome dolorosa miofascial (SDM) é uma disfunção musculoesquelética não articular caracterizada por pontos-gatilho miofasciais. Estes pontos, identificados por meio da palpação, são descritos como bandas tensas na fibra muscular, podendo apresentar dor referida à compressão. Sabe-se que os pontos-gatilho miofasciais provocam hiperatividade simpática regional de temperatura local devido à atividade vasoconstritora cutânea. Para documentação objetiva por imagem desta alteração funcional, a termografia tem sido proposta como método auxiliar diagnóstico. O objetivo deste estudo foi correlacionar os exames clínico e termográfico dos pontos-gatilho nos músculos da mastigação masseter e temporal parte anterior. A amostra constituiu-se por 26 mulheres voluntárias com 41 ± 15 anos. Os resultados demonstraram correlação diretamente proporcional entre algometria e termografia na avaliação do ponto-gatilho miofascial, onde, quanto menor a força aplicada, menor a temperatura local (p<0,001). As áreas com dor referida apresentaram níveis de limiar de dor à pressão (1.28±0.45 kgf) menores quando comparados às áreas de dor local (1.73±0,59 kgf; p<0.001). Sendo assim, a imagem termográfica de um ponto-gatilho apresentou-se hiporradiante quando comparada à região de ausência de ponto-gatilho (&#916;T>0,4ºC; p<0.001). Além disso, a avaliação termográfica dos pontos-gatilho nos músculos masseter e temporal pelo gradiente térmico (&#916;T e &#916;&#952;) apresentou maior sensibilidade e especificidade em comparação com a temperatura absoluta (T), mesmo quando corrigidos estes valores para a temperatura ambiente e temperatura timpânica da voluntária durante o exame (&#952;). A termografia isoladamente identificou pontos-gatilho com sensibilidade de 62,5% e especificidade de 71,31%. Os autores concluíram que a termografia é um método de imagem não invasivo, com potencial de identificação de pontos-gatilho miofasciais na região facial. / Myofascial pain syndrome is a myalgic dysfunction characterized by myofascial trigger points (MTP). The taut band is a constant feature of a trigger point characterized by referred pain when stimulated. It is known that the myofascial trigger points cause regional sympathetic hyperactivity in local temperature due to the cutaneous vasoconstrictor activity. For detection of functional changes, thermography may be used as an auxiliary diagnostic imaging. The aim of this study was to correlate clinical and thermographic myofascial trigger points in the masticatory muscles masseter and temporalis. Twenty six women volunteers were included, having a mean age of 41 ± 15 years. The results showed directly proportional relationship by algometry and thermography in the assessment of MTP, where smaller the force applied, lower the local temperature will be (p<0.001). Moreover, when the soreness was evaluated and local vasomotor response, the temperature decreases as the worst local situation. PPT (pressure pain threshold) levels measured at the points of referred pain in MTP (1.28±0.45 kgf) were significantly lower than the areas of local pain in MTP (1.73±0,59 kgf; p<0.001). Thus, the thermographic image of a MTP presented colder than the area without trigger point (&#916;T>0,4ºC; p<0.001). In the thermographic assessment of MTP in the masseter and temporalis muscles, the results suggest that the parameters of thermal asymmetry (&#916;T and &#916;&#952;) show greater sensitivity and specificity in comparison to local absolute temperature values (T), even when corrected for the volunteer\'s core temperature and the temperature of the room during the exam (&#952;). Thermography can identify trigger points (referred pain) with sensitivity of 62,50% and specificity of 71,31%. The authors concluded that thermography is a noninvasive imaging method with potential for screening patients with MTP in the facial region.
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Efeito imediato da mobilização de tornozelo na amplitude de dorsiflexão em cadeia cinética fechada em mulheres com dor patelofemoral: um ensaio clínico aleatorizado / Immediate effect of the ankle mobilization on dorsiflexion range in closed kinetic chain in female with patellofemoral pain: a randomized clinical trial

Coelho, Bruno Augusto Lima 30 January 2019 (has links)
Introdução: A Dor Patelofemoral (DPF) é uma das desordens musculoesqueléticas mais comuns que afeta indivíduos fisicamente ativo, sendo sua ocorrência maior entre as mulheres. Tal condição está relacionada com a presença de disfunções nos fatores locais, embora também haja associação com a ocorrência de disfunções nos fatores proximais e distais. Objetivos: Investigar o efeito imediato da mobilização de tornozelo na melhora da amplitude de dorsiflexão em cadeia cinética fechada em mulheres com DPF que tivessem restrição de dorsiflexão. Métodos: Foi realizado um Ensaio Clínico Aleatorizado com avaliador \"cego\", no qual 117 mulheres com DPF e com restrição de dorsiflexão em cadeia cinética fechada foram aleatoriamente distribuídas em três grupos de tratamento. Em cada grupo foi aplicada a técnica MWM (Mobilization With Movement) com um sentido específico de deslizamento articular da tíbia: Grupo Mobilização Anterior (GMA), n=39; Grupo Mobilização Posterior (GMP), n=39; Grupo Mobilização Anterior e Posterior (GMAP), n=39. A técnica MWM foi aplicada uma única vez, em quatro séries de cinco repetições com um minuto de descanso entre as séries. Nosso desfecho primário foi a amplitude de dorsiflexão em cadeia cinética fechada, e os desfechos secundários foram a intensidade da dor no joelho durante o Forward Step-Down Test (FSDT), a Escala de Percepção do Efeito Global (EPEG) e o Pico do Ângulo de Projeção no Plano Frontal (Pico-APPF) do membro inferior durante o FSDT. Todos os desfechos foram avaliados pré-tratamento (baseline), e reavaliados imediatamente e 48h pós-intervenção. Resultados: Todos os três grupos de tratamento produziram um aumento significativo na amplitude de dorsiflexão, porém apenas o GMA e o GMAP produziram um tamanho de efeito moderado. Os três grupos de tratamento produziram um aumento significativo na pontuação da EPEG, de forma que o GMA e o GMA tiveram um tamanho de efeito superior ao GMP. Apenas o GMA conseguiu produzir uma redução significativa da dor no joelho com um tamanho de efeito moderado. O GMA e o GMP produziram uma mudança significativa do Pico- APPF, porém com um tamanho de efeito que variou de pequeno a insignificante. Conclusão: A mobilização de tornozelo com deslizamento em sentido anterior ou com deslizamento em sentindo anterior e posterior produz maior efeito no aumento da amplitude de dorsiflexão. O ganho de dorsiflexão, por sua, vez, exerceu maior influencia na melhora da pontuação da EPEG, e uma pequena influência na redução da dor no joelho e na modificação do Pico-APPF durante o FSDT / Introduction: Patellofemoral Pain (PFP) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorder that affect physically active individuals, being its occurrence highest among women. This condition is related with presence in local factors dysfunctions, although there is association with dysfunctions occurrence in proximal and distal factors. Objectives: To investigate the immediate effect of the ankle mobilization on dorsiflexion range improvement in closed kinetic chain in women with PFP who had restrict dorsiflexion. Methods: A Randomized Clinical Trial was performed with \"blinded\" assessor, in which 117 women with PFP was randomly distributed in three treatment groups. In each group, a Mobilization With Movement (MWM) technique was applied with a specific joint glide direction of the tibia: Anterior Mobilization Group (AMG), n=39; Posterior Mobilization Group (PMG), n=39; Anterior and Posterior Mobilization Group (APMG), n=39. The MWM technique was performed only once, in four series with five repetitions and with rest one minute between the series. Our primary outcome measure was the dorsiflexion range in closed kinetic chain, and secondary outcomes measures were the knee pain intensity during Forward Step- Down Test (FSDT), Global Perceived Effect Scale (GPES), and the Peak of Frontal Plane Projection Angle (Peak-FPPA) of the lower limb during FSDT. All outcomes measures were assessed before treatment (baseline), and re-evaluated immediately and 48h after intervention. Results: All three treatment groups produced a significant increased in dorsiflexion range of motion, however only the AMG and APMG produced a moderate effect size. All three treatment groups produced a significant increased on GPES score, so that AMG and APMG had a higher effect size than PMG. Only the AMG was able to produced a significant reduced of knee pain with a moderate effect size. The AMG and PMG produced a significant change in Peak-FPPA, however with an effect size that ranging from small to insignificant. Conclusion: The ankle mobilization with anterior glide or anterior and posterior glide produces a greater effect in increase dorsiflexion range of motion. Dorsiflexion gain, in turn, exerted greater influence on GPES score improvement, and a small influence on knee pain reduction and in Peak- FPPA modification during the FSDT

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