The phenomenon of political correctness is a fairly complicated phenomenon which creates a lot of controversy and draws a lot of attention. Despite the fact that political correctness was in the United States discussed mainly in the 1980s and 1990s, it does not mean the topic of political correctness is already out of public life. The author asks why political correctness is criticized, focusing on the question of education and through literature research - both secondary nad primary - comes to the conclusion that it is mainly due to unintended consequences of the phenomenon, chiefly through limitations imposed on the freedom of speech - either real or perceived, and also generally having a chilling effect on public discourse or lack of tolerance towards dissent. At the same time, cultural polarization of American society manifests itself quite strongly in the debate about universities. The polarization keeps the debate in a stalemate as neither side of the debate - liberal or conservative - seems to be willing to reconsider its position.

<p>It has been suggested that Canadian society increasingly promotes a rhetoric of tolerance, through the dissemination of multicultural and politically correct discourses. At the same time, there has been a growth in the popularity of performances that seemingly counters this national image; that of risqué stand-up comedy. This dissertation explores if an institutionalized rhetoric of multiculturalism and “PC”, popularized since the late 1980s, is pierced, protracted and parodied within risqué stand-up comedy while remaining confined within spatial and temporal boundaries. Furthermore, this relationship between comedy and multicultural and “PC” discourses illuminates the nature of power circulating within our dialogues about issues of discrimination in contemporary Canadian society. This thesis establishes that both stand-up comic performances and politically correct rhetoric share a carnivalesque nature that while degrades authorial discourses, is ultimately constrained within its self-definition.</p> / Master of Arts (MA)

Thesis (M. A. (Communication Studies)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / The purpose of this study was to investigate the approach to land and unemployment as main electoral themes during 2019 elections in South Africa by the ANC and EFF. A qualitative, exploratory research was conducted to determine how these issues were articulated and approached using emotional and cognitive messages in the production of political content. This was to determine the implications of their use regarding issues of emphasis and ownership by political parties on the decision of constituencies. The hubs of data collection for this study were political street posters and Facebook advertisements. This study paid particular focus on the manners in which both parties framed the subjects of land and unemployment. Thus, thematic content analysis was used to determine the themes that emerged from the Facebook advertisements while semiotic analysis was applied on the data that emanated from street posters. The selection of the posters and Facebook political advertisements was guided by the issues the researcher intended to study which reflected on the ANC and EFF political advertisements. A total of 8 posters (N=8) were selected and analysed (4 for each party) and a total of 10 Facebook advertisements (5 for each party) were used for the generation of data in this study. A semi-structured interview was also conducted. The findings revealed that there are connections among political issues, images of politicians and the decision of voters. People vote based on these connections. The study therefore recommends that areas of content production need to be improved in the production of political advertisements, and that scholars need to improve the existing literature on political communication to educate the public (voters) about the persuasive strategies of the political parties

I en värld av påstådda dikotomiska ytterligheter söker studenterna svar på frågan om politisk korrekthet påverkar socionomens arbete. Studien hämtar inspiration från Glenn Lourys teoretisering av begreppet ”politisk korrekthet” för att finna konkreta mekanismer bakom begreppet som socialt fenomen. Studien är kvalitativ och utgår från 8 intervjuer av yrkessamma socionomer. Med hjälp av Goffmans dramaturgi och delvis narrativ analys finner studenterna, bland annat, att socionomen behandlar sina värderingar som ett tudelat ämne: privata och professionella. Detta ger socionomen en möjlighet att distansera sina egna uppfattningar och ta på sig en ”socionomkostym” för att utföra sitt arbete utan att uppleva negativa sanktioner från klienter, kollegor eller ledning. / In a world of alleged dichotomic extremes, students seek answers to the question if political correctness affects the social work. The study draws inspiration from Glenn Loury's theorization of the concept of "political correctness" to find concrete mechanisms behind the concept as a social phenomenon. The study is qualitative and is based on 8 interviews of professional social workers. With the help of Goffman's dramaturgy and partly narrative analysis, the students find, among other things, that the social worker treats his values as a two-part topic: private and professional. This gives the social worker the possibility to distance their own perceptions and wear a ”social worker suit” to carry out their work without experiencing negative sanctions from clients, colleagues or management.

The goal of this master's thesis, "The usage of generic masculines in Czech text," is to present aspects of Czech generic masculines and the concept of gender-correct communication. First, the theoretical portion of the thesis presents the historic background of the concept of gender and the category of grammatical gender with a view to the theory of reference. The research part probes the relationships between the grammatical gender of an expression denoting person or group of people and its reference. There is also a questionnaire illustrating the attitudes of a group of Czech native speakers towards the necessity of gender correctness.

Esta dissertação apresenta os resultados de pesquisa que buscou analisar as implicações do fenômeno politicamente correto na produção atual de livros infantis no Brasil, avaliado em suas dimensões ética, estética e mercadológica. Tendo sido realizada na Faculdade de Educação e, sendo a escola a principal via de aproximação da criança brasileira com a leitura, tem como eixo orientador a interação entre literatura e educação. Tomando a leitura como prática social que contribui para a constituição da subjetividade da criança, e considerando o uso histórico da literatura infantil como ferramenta pedagógica de transmissão de valores e normas sociais, discutem-se: (i) conceito social de infância, seus aspectos particulares na contemporaneidade, formação moral e educação para valores (ARIÈS, 1978; PIAGET, 2003, 1994); (ii) literatura infantil e as transformações por que passa a partir dos anos 1970 (HUNT, 1992, 2006, 2010; NODELMAN, 2008; NIKOLAJEVA, 2005, 1996, 2010; PERROTTI, 1986, 1990); (iii) usos ideológicos da linguagem, funcionamento do campo literário e cultura de massas (BOSI, 1996,1977; ORWELL, 1946, 2009; BOURDIEU, 2006, 2003, 2004; ARENDT, 2016, 2013); (iv) percurso histórico e manifestações do fenômeno politicamente correto (HUGHES, 2010, WILSON 1995). Tendo como base esta conceituação teórica, são analisados livros de literatura infantil publicados no Brasil em anos recentes, com foco em questões de gênero e representação de personagens femininas em contos de fadas (COLOMER 1994, 2009; ZIPES, 1993, 2006, 2012; TATAR 2015, 1999, 1987; HAASE, 2004), buscando avaliar o impacto das exigências do politicamente correto no mercado editorial brasileiro e os efeitos da mediação de leitura na Educação Infantil e Ensino Fundamental I. A partir da distinção entre livros politicamente corretos e politicamente comprometidos, que tratam de temas sociais sem abrir mão da qualidade literária, defende-se a necessidade de conjugar ética e estética na literatura infantil contemporânea. / This dissertation is the result of a research conducted to investigate the implications of the political correctness on the current production of children \'s books in Brazil, considered in it\'s ethical, aesthetic and market dimensions. Considering that this study was developed at the Institute of Education and that Brazilian children\'s access to books and reading takes place mostly at school, the study focuses mainly on the relationship between children\'s literature and education. Seeing reading as a social practice that plays an important role in the construction of child\'s subjectivity, and children\'s literature as historically used to teach values and social behavior, we discuss: (i) childhood as social construction, characteristics of contemporary childhood, moral development and civic education (ARIÈS, 1978; PIAGET, 2003, 1994); (ii) children\'s literature and it\'s deep changes since the 1970s (HUNT, 1992, 2006, 2010; NODELMAN, 2008; NIKOLAJEVA, 2005, 1996, 2010; PERROTTI, 1986, 1990); (iii) ideological language, literary field, mass culture (BOSI, 1996,1977; ORWELL, 1946, 2009; BOURDIEU, 2006, 2003, 2004; ARENDT, 2016, 2013); (iv) historical origins, development and current agendas of political correctness (HUGHES, 2010, WILSON 1995). In the final chapter, we analyze children\'s books published in Brazil in recent years, with focus on gender issues and representation of female characters in fairy tales (COLOMER 1994, 2009; ZIPES, 1993, 2006, 2012; TATAR 2015, 1999, 1987; HAASE, 2004), effects of reading mediation in preschool and elementary school and the impact of politically correct demands on the Brazilian publishing market. From the standpoint of the difference between politically correct and politically committed books, that deal with social issues without giving up literary quality, we defend the need of combining political ethos and aesthetics in contemporary children\'s literature.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:24:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Karina Kassis dos Reis Jatene.pdf: 1917172 bytes, checksum: 43567ec0fed75afbc41ceaa70138eb2b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / Pontificia Universidade de São Paulo / The theme to be developed is related to the fundamental right to freedom of expression against the right to non-discrimination of minorities, from the perspective of "political correctness". It is intended to highlight the restrictions on freedom of expression resulting from it, minority protection movement. From another angle, freedom of expression does not allow hate speech or incitement to violence. The promotion of tolerance in a multicultural society is the scenario that is aimed. Freedom as an institute, from which stems the freedom of expression in all its aspects (freedom of expression of thought, freedom of conscience, belief and religious worship, freedom of communication and information) as well as the restrictions imposed on this fundamental right, will be analyzed in the first chapter. The second chapter is dedicated to the minority race and ethnicity; woman; people with disability and sexual orientation. The reasons that characterize these groups as minority and vulnerable, as well as the scope of national and international protection will be expounded. The "political correctness" is the theme of the third chapter. It is a protective movement of minorities that develops primarily in the behavioral quadrant and freedom of expression. In the fourth chapter multiculturalism is studied, an outstanding feature of contemporary Western society. The diversity and coexistence - voluntary or involuntary - of different social groups is the main reason to intolerance. The fifth and final chapter is devoted to the highlight of the right of opinion and dissent, and its essential nature to democracy. It is also developed an explanation about the principle of proportionality as a method to weigh the fundamental rights at stake, to illuminate the tortuous path in the search for coexistence of divergences / A temática a ser desenvolvida está relacionada ao direito fundamental à liberdade de expressão frente ao direito de não discriminação das minorias, sob a ótica do politicamente correto . Pretende-se destacar as restrições impostas à liberdade de expressão oriundas desse movimento de proteção das minorias. Por outro ângulo, a liberdade de expressão não autoriza o discurso do ódio ou a incitação à violência. Almeja-se a promoção da tolerância no cenário multicultural. A liberdade como instituto gênero, do qual decorre a liberdade de expressão, em todas as suas vertentes (liberdade de manifestação do pensamento; liberdade de consciência, de crença e de culto religioso; liberdade de comunicação e informação), assim como as restrições impostas a esse direito fundamental, serão analisadas no primeiro capítulo. O segundo capítulo dedica-se às minorias: raça e etnia; mulher; pessoa com deficiência e orientação sexual. Serão expostas as razões que caracterizam esses grupos como minoritários e vulneráveis, bem como o âmbito de proteção nacional e internacional. O politicamente correto é o tema do terceiro capítulo. Trata-se de um movimento de proteção das minorias que se desenvolve, basicamente, no quadrante comportamental e da liberdade de expressão. Mais adiante, no quarto capítulo, passa-se ao estudo do multiculturalismo, traço marcante da sociedade contemporânea ocidental. Em razão dessa diversidade e da convivência voluntária ou involuntária de diferentes grupos sociais, emerge a intolerância. O quinto e último capítulo dedica-se a destacar o direito de opinião e dissidência, essenciais para a democracia, bem como se apresenta o princípio da proporcionalidade como método a ponderar os direitos fundamentais em jogo, a iluminar o caminho tortuoso na busca pela convivência das divergências

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2016-08-18T18:46:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gustavo Moreira Zanini.pdf: 1290506 bytes, checksum: 41c7c0924876851a82287822dd335ffe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T18:46:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gustavo Moreira Zanini.pdf: 1290506 bytes, checksum: 41c7c0924876851a82287822dd335ffe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / We realized that the traditional paradigms are now considered singular and dictatorial. On the other hand, sets out a new meaning whose north is the “political correctness”. Understanding the advertising as a socio-cultural product, this research is initially a bibliographic study, aimed the conceptualization and analysis of issues related to your theme. With this properly seized context, a pragmatic discourse analysis was performed on a corpus of advertisements aired between 2009 and 2014, on brazilian television through open format. Our investigation focused on the ways that elements postulated by politically correct thinking are being added to advertiser gender, in constructions of meaning. We could observe a rebuke trend of certain groups to advertising content that touch on very specific themes, with interpretations marked by a high degree of subjectivity; and what is being sought, oftentimes, through an empowerment permitted by our present context, is in fact the suppression of certain themes within the advertising communication. / Ao que se percebe, paradigmas até então vigentes passam a ser considerados singulares e ditatoriais. Em contrapartida, estabelece-se uma nova acepção, cujo norte é o pensar “politicamente correto”. Entendendo a publicidade como um produto sociocultural, essa pesquisa inicialmente é bibliográfica visando à conceituação e análise de questões inerentes ao seu tema. Com este contexto devidamente apreendido, uma análise pragmática do discurso foi realizada em um corpus de anúncios publicitários veiculados entre 2009 e 2014, no meio televisivo brasileiro de formato aberto. Nossa investigação se concentrou nos modos com que os elementos postulados pelo pensamento politicamente correto vêm sendo incorporados ao gênero publicitário em construções de sentido. Pudemos observar uma tendência de repreensão de determinados grupos a conteúdos publicitários que tocam em temáticas muito específicas, com interpretações marcadas por um alto grau de subjetividade; e o que se busca muitas vezes, através de um empoderamento permitido por nosso contexto atual, é mesmo a supressão de determinadas temáticas dentro da comunicação publicitária.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:30:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gustavo Moreira Zanini.pdf: 1290506 bytes, checksum: 41c7c0924876851a82287822dd335ffe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / We realized that the traditional paradigms are now considered singular and dictatorial. On the other hand, sets out a new meaning whose north is the political correctness. Understanding the advertising as a socio-cultural product, this research is initially a bibliographic study, aimed the conceptualization and analysis of issues related to your theme. With this properly seized context, a pragmatic discourse analysis was performed on a corpus of advertisements aired between 2009 and 2014, on brazilian television through open format. Our investigation focused on the ways that elements postulated by politically correct thinking are being added to advertiser gender, in constructions of meaning. We could observe a rebuke trend of certain groups to advertising content that touch on very specific themes, with interpretations marked by a high degree of subjectivity; and what is being sought, oftentimes, through an empowerment permitted by our present context, is in fact the suppression of certain themes within the advertising communication. / Ao que se percebe, paradigmas até então vigentes passam a ser considerados singulares e ditatoriais. Em contrapartida, estabelece-se uma nova acepção, cujo norte é o pensar politicamente correto. Entendendo a publicidade como um produto sociocultural, essa pesquisa inicialmente é bibliográfica visando à conceituação e análise de questões inerentes ao seu tema. Com este contexto devidamente apreendido, uma análise pragmática do discurso foi realizada em um corpus de anúncios publicitários veiculados entre 2009 e 2014, no meio televisivo brasileiro de formato aberto. Nossa investigação se concentrou nos modos com que os elementos postulados pelo pensamento politicamente correto vêm sendo incorporados ao gênero publicitário em construções de sentido. Pudemos observar uma tendência de repreensão de determinados grupos a conteúdos publicitários que tocam em temáticas muito específicas, com interpretações marcadas por um alto grau de subjetividade; e o que se busca muitas vezes, através de um empoderamento permitido por nosso contexto atual, é mesmo a supressão de determinadas temáticas dentro da comunicação publicitária. .

The dissertation thesis examines czech literary censorship after 1989. It presents a polemical addition to a monograph published one year earlier entitled V obecném zájmu [In the General Interest], which covered the same period. The main methodological resource is represented by the books of a British theatrologist Helen Freshwater, who based her inclusive model of censorship on the border crossing of hard and soft censorship. Moreover, she moved her emphasis on discourse as the main indicator of what is considered a censor´s intervention in a particular historical moment. The core of the thesis consists of four chapters, which on the basis of the original research examine the typical cases of censorship and related discourse. These chapters are included in a broader frame of a changing notion of censorship and political correctness in the discussed period. The chapter devoted to the banned skinhead music group Braník is based on the examination of the respective court´s files and the analysis of the changing notion of freedom of speech in the beginning of the 1990s. The chapter about the censorship of literature for children and youth is based on the comparison of various editions of books written by Bohumil Říha. Furthermore, the conditions are observed, under which the interventions to these new editions were identified as censorship. Censorship on internet is treated in the chapter devoted to the regulation of the virtual (literary) child pornography, while the chapter devoted to political correctness focuses on texts and paratexts of splatterpunk literature. This doctoral work should offer a complex picture of changing ways of censorship and thinking after 1989.