Elite self-presentation through the biographical genre is a defining element of ancient Egyptian high culture from the Old Kingdom until the Roman period. My thesis centres on the biographical texts produced during the Ramessid period (c. 1280-1070 BCE), a time of significant change in elite domains of representation. Since biography has not been seen as a significant genre of this period, these texts, which are inscribed on statues, stelae, temple walls, and in tombs, have not been gathered together or studied as a corpus. Yet they are a key to exploring the diverse and highly individual ways in which a self could be fashioned and presented. I take a holistic approach to the interpretation of these texts, in order to examine the ways in which they were incorporated into their spatial and visual settings and could extend beyond them. My introduction sets out my aims and the broader anthropological framework which I apply to the Egyptian sources. The following four chapters are case-studies. Chapters two to four are organised according to site (Thebes and el-Mashayikh, Karnak, and Abydos), comparing strategies of self-presentation in tomb and temple contexts. The fourth is thematically oriented, and looks at the image and role of the king in non-royal biographies. In the final chapter, I draw together the results of my individual case-studies, discussing their common textual themes, the interplays of traditional and innovative motifs within them, as well as the implications of their diverse monumental contexts. I hope to demonstrate that the holistic approach I apply is relevant for the study of monumental discourse in other periods in Egyptian history and has the potential to locate the Egyptian material within broader frameworks for the study of premodern societies.

This work is the final part of the Master of Science degree in Industrial Design Engineering towards Production Design, at Luleå University of Technology. This project has been conducted during the spring of 2017 at Alimak Hek. The task has been to analyze material handling, material presentation and why material shortages occur at the industrial hoists final assembly stations. To get an understanding of the system, interviews and observations were conducted. A literature study was carried out to find current knowledge and different solutions. To involve the workers in the process and to check if the problems were understood correctly a workshop was conducted. This was also an opportunity to discuss desired future state and ideas with the workers. Another way to look at potential solutions was through the benchmarkings. These were both conducted internally and at other companies where different solutions for material handling was studied.   The material in focus has been fastening material. This was stored in bins at racks. These racks were placed at the assembly stations and the two big racks have been the focus of this project. The problems at these storages has been that the refilling did not work as it was supposed to. The old system was an order list with which material could be ordered from the main storage at Alimak, this however is not used any more. The system of today is that the empty bins are collected and put on a pallet to be sent to the main storage for refilling. The problem with this is that the workers did not take the bins when they were empty but rather went to a different storage to look there. This meant that the material sometimes got totally emptied at all racks before the bins were sent to refilling. This made for urgent needs where workers had to go to the storage themselves to get something refilled. Another problem was that these storages were placed behind the fixed stations which made them hard to get to and see. The bins used in today’s system were not all marked the same way and an old system for numbering was still partly used. The bigger storages were divided so that one should have the stainless material and the other should have the galvanized/zinc-coated material. This together with the other aspects made it hard to know where the bins should be and sometimes all bins of one kind was put in the same rack.   To fix these problems different suggestions were made. The use of a two-bin system has been suggested because of its simplicity and the potential it has to avoid a lack of material to arise. The two racks of today should be combined into one and moved to a more visible place. This would make the refilling easier and reduce the need to search for material at different places. Two general layouts have been developed, and the open layout has been suggested to be implemented because of the accessibility it would bring to the system. The approximate size of the rack and bins needed have been put forward and different suggestion for order in the rack has been made. The marking of the bins and rack has also been discussed and this should be made distinct so it is easy to see and read.

Syfte: VR förbättrar kommunikationen mellan aktörer men merarbete krävs för att skapa VR-modeller. Övriga begräsningar generella för BIM är juridisk osäkerhet, bristande kompetens bland personal samt ändrat arbetsflöde. Särskilt små företag behöver mer forskning för att använda BIM applikationer som VR. Målet är att visa ett förslag, på ett attraktivt sätt, hur mindre arkitektföretag kan använda VR-modeller och presentationer i tidiga skeden under slutkundsmöten. Detta baserat på arkitektföretagets önskemål och resurser. Metod: Kvalitativa metoder fallstudie och intervjuer har använts för att nå målet. Först utfördes intervjuer med BIM-ansvarig och projektörer. Fallstudien bygger på att en befintlig 3D-modell bearbetades till VR-modell och testades i en workshop. Deltagarna i workshopen var projektörer och slutkunder. För att sammanfatta workshopen intervjuades deltagarna. Resultat: Att skapa en VR-modell och hålla möte med slutkund var uppskattat av projektörer och slutkunder. Den resurs som främst behövdes var tid för att skapa modellen samt inlärning av nytt arbetssätt. HMD i kombination med datorskärm anses vara en god presentationsteknik. Främst material var svår att presentera genom VR och begränsat till ett mindre arkitektföretags resurser. Slutkunderna uppfattade att VR-modellen endast var en guide. Konsekvenser: Mindre arkitektföretag kan använda VR vid slutkundsmöte. Det behövs avsättas tid för att modellera VR samt inlärning av nytt arbetssätt. HMD i kombination med datorskärm bör användas för VR-presentation. För att förtydliga att VR endast användas som guide kan leveransmedelande användas. Begränsningar: Studien inriktar sig på ett företags synvinkel. Ett företag ingår i studien. / Purpose: VR improves communication between stakeholders but extra work is a demand to create a VR-model. Additional limitations general for BIM is legal uncertainty, lack of competence among employees and changed workflow. Especially smaller companies need more research if they are going to use BIM application as VR. The goal is to show a suggestion, in an attractive way, how smaller architectural firms can use VR-models and presentation in early stage of the project during end customer meetings. This based on the firms desire and resources. Method: Qualitative method case studies and interviews is used to achieve the goal. First interviews are conducted with BIM-manger and designers. The case studies are based on an existing 3D-model processed to a VR-model and tested in a workshop. The participants in the workshop are designers and end customers. The participants in the workshop are interviewed to sum up the workshop. Findings: To create a VR-model and to hold end clients meeting with help of VR was appreciate by planers and end clients. Time for creating and learn new working strategy was the recurs that the company was in lack of. HMD in combination with computer screen was considered a good presentation. Material was hardest to present through VR restricted to a smaller architect firm. The end clients’ perceived that VR only was a guide. Implications: A smaller architect firm can use VR when holding an end client meeting. Time need to be assigned to create VR-models and learn new working strategy is. HMD in combination with computer screen is to prefer to when presenting VR. To clarify that VR is a guide a delivering message can be used. Limitations: The study focuses on a firm’s point of view. One firm is included in the study.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The function of major histocompatability complex (MHC) class II molecules is to present antigenic peptides to CD4+ T cells. Typically, MHC class II molecules present peptides derived from exogenous sources. Yet, certain endogenous antigens (Ags) have been found to be presented by class II molecules. Studies suggest that specific heat shock protein family members may play a role in Ag processing and subsequent class II presentation. The studies presented here using B lymphoblasts demonstrate the importance of HSP90α, HSP90β, and possibly HSP70 in selectively regulating MHC class II presentation. Inactivation of HSP90 function using pharmacological inhibitors inhibited class II presentation of exogenous and endogenous GAD, but did not perturb the presentation of several other intra- and extracellular Ags. Individual knockdown of HSP90 isoforms using isoform specific siRNA selectively inhibited GAD Ag presentation. These results demonstrate a requirement for HSP90α and HSP90β in regulating MHC class II presentation of select Ags. Studies to explore mechanistically the roles of HSP90α and HSP90β in regulating GAD Ag presentation were pursued. The pathways of exogenous and endogenous MHC class II presentation of GAD Ag are distinct yet converge with shared terminal processing of GAD within endosomal/lysosomal vesicles. The effect of HSP90 manipulation on various shared components of the MHC class II pathway was examined. The studies presented here suggest that HSP90α and HSP90β regulate MHC class II presentation of GAD Ag at discrete steps most likely involving HSP90 binding to GAD Ag rather than perturbing overall MHC class II function. vi Studying the role of HSP90 in MHC class II presentation in B cells revealed the potential requirement for HSP70 in the presentation of select Ags. The studies presented here demonstrate a possible role for HSP70 in the presentation of Ags such as SMA or Ig kappa by MHC class II molecules. Also included in this work is a study of a rare case of diabetes caused by type B insulin resistance due to development of insulin receptor autoantibodies during the treatment of hepatitis C with interferon alpha and ribavirin. Clinical and laboratory findings in the case are presented.

Работа посвящена изучению коммуникативных стратегий, применяемых на сайтах университетов с целью формирования сетевой идентичности. Материалами в рамках настоящего являются креолизованные тексты, размещенные на официальных веб-сайтах Уральского федерального университета (Россия), Университета Страсбурга (Франция), Университета Валенсии (Испания). Объектом исследования выступает компьютерно-опосредованная коммуникация на официальных сайтах университетов. Целью данного исследования является выявление наиболее применяемых и эффективных для взаимодействия с целевой аудиторией коммуникативных стратегий и тактик самопрезентации, используемых вузами для конструирования собственной идентичности в интернет-дискурсе в рамках официального сайта. В первой части работы рассматриваются необходимые для исследования теоретические понятия: компьютерно-опосредованная коммуникация, интернет-дискурс. Далее определяется портфолио коммуникативных стратегий самопрезентации для поиска и последующего исследования и выделяются принципы создания успешного сайта-бренда. Во второй части работы описываются критерии отбора исследуемых вузов, а также проводится исследование текстов, размещенных на двух версиях каждого из сайта (версии на английском языке и на родном для страны, где находится вуз). По результатам данного анализа были составлены диаграммы, демонстрирующие различия в применении той или иной стратегии в двух версиях каждого сайта. Анализ показал, что наиболее распространенными по количеству применений являются стратегии, реализуемые при помощи тактик диалогизации дискурса через обращение к читателю посредством личных местоимений, а также направленные на поддержание непрерывного взаимодействия с ним. В приложении приводятся таблицы, содержащие фрагменты текстов с применением исследуемых коммуникативных стратегий. / The work is dedicated to studying the communicative strategies used on university websites to shape their online identity. The materials used for this study are creolized texts found on the official websites of the Ural Federal University (Russia), the University of Strasbourg (France), and the University of Valencia (Spain). The object of research is computer-mediated communication on the official websites of universities. The aim of this research is to identify the most commonly used and effective communicative strategies and self-presentation tactics employed by universities to construct their own identity within the online discourse of their official websites. The first part of the work explores the necessary theoretical concepts, such as computer-mediated communication and online discourse. It then defines a portfolio of communicative self-presentation strategies for the purpose of searching and subsequent investigation, while highlighting the principles of creating a successful brand website. The second part of the work describes the criteria for selecting the universities under investigation and conducts an analysis of the texts published on two versions of each website (the English version and the version in the native language of the country where the university is located). Based on the results of this analysis, diagrams were compiled to demonstrate the differences in the application of various strategies between the two versions of each website. The analysis revealed that the most commonly used strategies, in terms of frequency, are those implemented through discourse dialogization, achieved by directly addressing the reader using personal pronouns, as well as strategies aimed at maintaining continuous interaction with the reader. The appendix includes tables containing parts of the texts illustrating the application of the researched communicative strategies.

No description available.

Denna studie undersöker en samling bestående av glas från Eda glasbruk som finns på Värmlands museum. Studien utgår från att föremål i samlingar kan berätta en egen historia, men också representera och berätta något mer utifrån urvalet som gjorts och om informationssystemet som skapats kring samlingen. Syftet är därmed att skapa en bild av hur en samling kan se ut och vad samlingens kontext kan berätta. Detta är gjort genom perspektiv av samlingar och samlande, presentation och representation samt värderingar, som finns i tidigare forskning. Studien har gjorts genom en observation av samlingen och föremålen, tillsammans med deras tillhörande dokumentation. Studien ger också en bild av glasbrukets historia för att kunna koppla till vad som visas av glas från Eda glasbruk i samlingen hos Värmlands museum. Studien har kommit fram till att urval i samlingen kan berätta vad som ansetts högt värderat av samlaren ellersamhället på olika sätt. Den visar också att föremål i samlingar är beroende av sin dokumentation för att bevara sin historia och för att upprätthålla en relevans. / This study examines a collection of glassware from Eda Glassworks housed at Värmlands Museum. The study is based on the idea that objects within collections can narrate their own stories, but also represent and convey broader narratives based on the made selection and the system with information established around the collection. The aim is to create an understanding of what a collection might look like and what the context of the collection can tell. This is achieved through perspectives on collections and collecting, presentation and representation and values, found in previous research. The study was conducted through an observation of the collection and its objects, along with their accompanying documentation. Additionally, the study provides an overview of the history and production at the glasswork to connect with what is displayed from Eda Glassworks in the collection at Värmlands Museum. The study has concluded that the selection within the collection can indicate what has been highly valued by the collector or the society in various ways. It also demonstrates that objects in collections rely on their documentation to preserve their history and to maintain relevance.

Artists in interaction: creation processes in official collaborative projects is a doctoral thesis that explores the creation processes of artists, when the project owner defines the purpose, theme and framework. The area is explored from the artists' perspective and the overall research question deals with the opportunities and obstacles that artists face when working in collaborative projects. To be able to explore the artists' working processes, in which sketches and models were tools, concepts from the visual research field were combined with knowledge theories that derive from the area of practice-based research. The knowledge theories draw on an updated understanding of ancient philosophy developed by, among others, the philosopher Martha Nussbaum. Rudolf Arnheim’s concepts of visual thinking are also vital for the interpretation of the visuals. The results indicate that skills in different sketching techniques build trust and enable communication. However, the artists experienced that it was more difficult to integrate the more indefinable parts of their knowledge, which relates to improvisation and intuition, even though this was highlighted as the most vital force in their working processes. The consequence is that the artists have not always followed their artistic intentions, which in some cases also meant compromising the quality of the works of art  they produced. The collaboration between the artists and the project-owner representatives could be more enriching for both parties if the artists' implicit knowledge is respected as a resource and given some room, although this may involve certain risks. The study also provides results regarding the interpretation of models and sketches, and discusses in what way different sketches can support (or hinder) communication in different stages of a design process, i.e. what aspects are important to consider when sketches are used to support communication. Particularly interesting is that the findings demonstrate that spoken and written language has a significant impact on how sketches are interpreted; the use of verbal language is therefore an important factor in presentations built on visuals. / Avhandlingen Konstnärskap i samspel: om skapande arbetsprocesser i myndighetsledda samverkansprojekt undersöker konstnärers arbetsprocesser i projekt där uppdragsgivaren formulerat tema, syfte och ramar för gestaltningsarbetet. Genom tre fallstudier har konstnärers arbetsprocesser i samverkansprojekt, med inriktning på utställning och gestaltning i musei- och kulturmiljö undersökts. Den övergripande frågeställningen behandlar vilka möjligheter och begränsningar konstnärer upplever i sin praktik i myndighetsledda samverkansprojekt. Materialet till studien har samlats in via intervjuer, observationer, artefakter och dokument. Till artefakter räknas skisser, modeller och verk. För att undersöka konstnärernas arbetsprocesser, där olika typer av skisser är ett verktyg, har teorier från det visuella fältet kombinerats med teorier om praktisk kunskap. Från det visuella fältet är Rudolf Arnheims teorier om visuellt tänkande centrala och vad gäller kunskapsteorier är utgångspunkten en samtida tolkning av Aristoteles teori om olika kunskapsformer som utvecklats av bland andra filosofen Martha Nussbaum. På en övergripande nivå visar studien att skicklighet i hantering av olika skisstekniker möjliggör kommunikation och skapar förtroende, medan mer svårbeskrivbara delar av konstnärers kunnande med improvisation och intuition som vitala krafter är svårare att integrera i samverkansprojekten. Följden av detta är att konstnärerna inte alltid valt att genomdriva sina intentioner i projekten till fullo, vilket i ett par fall också inneburit avkall på gestaltningens kvalitet. Samverkan mellan offentliga uppdragsgivare och representanter från den kreativa sektorn (som konstnärerna i projekten representerar), skulle kunna bli mer berikande för båda parter om konstnärers implicita kunnande ses som en resurs och om uppdragsgivaren ger utrymme för improvisation, även om detta innebär visst risktagande. Studien förmedlar också ny empiribaserad kunskap beträffande olika skiss- och presentationsformers funktion i kommunikationsakten mellan konstnär (skissproducent) och uppdragsgivare (beställare). Detta kan komma till nytta i flera sammanhang där skissmaterial används vid presentationer av idéer, i kommunikationen med en beställare eller som ett verktyg i grupprocesser. Intressant nog demonstrerar resultaten också att talat och skrivet språk har stor inverkan på hur skisser tolkas. Därför är detta en viktig aspekt att beakta i presentationer som inkluderar visuella material, både för skissproducent och beställare.

Uppsatsens syfte är att konstruera riktlinjer för en användarprofilering som motiverar till fysiskt träningsutövande, samt uppmuntra användarprofiler till att förmedla sanningsenlig träningsresultatet inom ett digitalt socialt nätverk inriktat på fysisk träning. Studien undersöker även utövares inställning till att dela med sig av sina träningsresultat. Målet är att ta fram specifika, konkreta och praktiska faktorer som skall kunna appliceras i verkliga digitala nätverk. En kvalitativ studie genomfördes genom intervjuer och observationer av en testgrupp på åtta personer med varierande träningskunskaper och bakgrund. Studien resulterade i två olika kategorier a) motivation till dokumentationstjänst i digitalt nätverk och b) användarprofilering. Resultatet visar att det intressanta i ett sådant nätverk är träningsresultatet och utvecklingskurvan. Nätverkets medlemmar är både sändare och mottagare och för att få tillgång till andra personers resultat måste man vara beredd på att visa sina egna resultat. Samtliga testpersoner tycks vara villiga till att dela med sig av sina resultat i större eller mindre utsträckning. Att dela med sig träningsresultat är en sekundär prioritering, det väsentliga är det personliga dokumenterandet av träningsresultatet. För att nätverket skall fungera i längden bör en profil dessutom vara sanningsenlig och tillförlitlig, ha kommentarer som kan hjälpa andra att bestämma träningsövningar och hjälpa en själv att ha kontroll på träningspassen samt möjlighet till normerade resultat som gör det mindre personligt och jämförbart med andra utövare. / This study examines digital motivation and user profiling to construct a set of guidelines that motivates users to engage in physical exercise, in a way that also encourage them to share workout documentation, training results and give recommendations in a digital network. It also examines people's thoughts at sharing the personal training results to others. This investigation is done in relation to an assignment where the client is involved in the development of an upcoming service which offers online documentation of physical workouts, mainly towards CrossFit. The qualitative study involved a test group of eight people with varied training knowledge and background. The study resulted in two different categories: a) motivation for documentation services in a digital network, and b) user profiling in a digital network within a training context. The conclusion shows that the significant part of this service is the individuals exercise result, visualized by a development curve in a way that makes it possible to compare your progress to others. Members of the network are both transmitter and receiver, meaning that in order to gain access to other people's results, one must be prepared to show its own results. All participants were willing to share their results to some extent. For the network to operate in the long run, user profiles must be truthful and reliable. Being able to make comments may be helpful to determine the exercise efficiency and suitability for oneself, but also for viewers seeking inspiration and suggestions on exercises. A normalized presentation of results is suggested, making the results less personal and comparable with other practitioners.

L’apprêtement antigénique par les protéases intracellulaires et la présentation des épitopes sont essentiels pour la reconnaissance des cellules infectées par les lymphocytes CD8+. Ici nous avons montré que certains inhibiteurs de la protéase de la VIH (IPs) modulent l’activité de la protéasome et aminopeptidase impliqué dans l’apprêtement antigénique endogène et l’activité cathepsins importante dans l’apprêtement croisée. Deux IPs agissent directement sur les cathepsins et leurs régulateurs en inhibant les activités kinase, NOX2 et en régulant le pH phagolysosomal. Les IPs ont changé la dégradation des protéines viral et la production des épitopes de façon séquence- et cellule-spécifique, ont altéré la présentation direct et croisée des épitopes, et ont partiellement changé l’auto-peptidome des cellules primaires. La modulation par les drogues de l’apprêtement et la présentation des épitopes peut fournir une approche thérapeutique alternative pour moduler la reconnaissance immunitaire. / Antigen processing by intracellular proteases and peptidases and epitope presentation are critical for recognition of pathogen-infected cells by CD8+ T lymphocytes. Here we show that several HIV protease inhibitors (PIs) prescribed to HIV-infected persons variably modulate proteasome and aminopeptidase activities involved in endogenous antigen presentation and cathepsin activities involved in antigen cross-presentation. Two HIV PIs acted directly on cathepsins and on their regulators by inhibiting kinases, NOX2 and the regulation of phagolysosomal pH, subsequently enhancing cathepsin activities. HIV PIs modified HIV protein degradation and epitope production in a sequence- and cell-dependent manner, altered direct- and cross-presentation and T cell-mediated killing, and partly changed the self-peptidome of primary cells. Drug-induced modulation of antigen processing and peptidome may provide an alternate therapeutic approach to modulate immune recognition.