Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:56:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseKCO_DISSERT.pdf: 2360607 bytes, checksum: ad43aaed1b6651cd3d8e3ffe4e2f5b67 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-04 / The sanitation companies from Brazil has a great challenge for the XXI century: seek to mitigate the rate of physical waste (water, chemicals and electricity) and financial waste caused by inefficient operating systems drinking water supply, considering that currently we already face, in some cases, the scarcity of water resources. The supply systems are increasingly complex as they seek to minimize waste and at the same time better serve the growing number of users. However, this technological change is to reduce the complexity of the challenges posed by the need to include users with higher quality and efficiency in services. A major challenge for companies of water supplies is to provide a good quality service contemplating reducing expenditure on electricity. In this situation we developed a research by a method that seeks to control the pressure of the distribution systems that do not have the tank in your setup and the water comes out of the well directly to the distribution system. The method of pressure control (intelligent control) uses fuzzy logic to eliminate the waste of electricity and the leaks from the production of pumps that inject directly into the distribution system, which causes waste of energy when the consumption of households is reduced causing the saturation of the distribution system. This study was conducted at Green Club II condominium, located in the city of Parnamirim, state of Rio Grande do Norte, in order to study the pressure behavior of the output of the pump that injects water directly into the distribution system. The study was only possible because of the need we had to find a solution to some leaks in the existing distribution system and the extensions of the respective condominium residences, which sparked interest in developing a job in order to carry out the experiments contained in this research / As empresas de saneamento do Brasil t?m um grande desafio para o s?culo XXI, procurar diminuir o ?ndice de desperd?cios f?sicos (?gua, produtos qu?micos e energia el?trica) e financeiros causados pela inefici?ncia operacional dos sistemas de abastecimento de ?gua pot?vel, levando-se em considera??o que atualmente j? se enfrenta, em alguns casos, a escassez dos recursos h?dricos. Os sistemas de abastecimento est?o cada vez mais complexos porque buscam minimizar os desperd?cios e ao mesmo tempo atender melhor ao crescente n?mero de usu?rios. Contudo, a evolu??o tecnol?gica est? presente para diminuir a complexidade dos desafios hora impostos pela necessidade de contemplar os usu?rios com maior qualidade e efici?ncia nos servi?os. Um dos grandes desafios para as empresas de abastecimento de ?gua est? em proporcionar um servi?o de boa qualidade contemplando a diminui??o das despesas com energia el?trica. Diante disso, desenvolveu-se um trabalho de pesquisa atrav?s de um m?todo que busca controlar a press?o da rede de distribui??o em sistemas que n?o apresentam na sua configura??o o reservat?rio e, por isso a ?gua sai do po?o diretamente para a rede de distribui??o. O m?todo de controle da press?o (controle inteligente) utiliza a l?gica fuzzy para eliminar o desperd?cio de energia el?trica e os vazamentos provocados pela produ??o das bombas que injetam diretamente na rede de distribui??o, provocando desperd?cio de energia quando o consumo das resid?ncias ? reduzido causando o saturamento da rede. Esse trabalho foi realizado no condom?nio Green Club II, situado na cidade de Parnamirim - RN, com o objetivo de estudar o comportamento da press?o da bomba que injeta diretamente na rede de distribui??o. O estudo s? foi poss?vel em virtude da necessidade que havia de se encontrar uma solu??o para alguns vazamentos existentes na rede de distribui??o e nos ramais das resid?ncias do respectivo condom?nio, fato que despertou o interesse em desenvolver um trabalho com o intuito de realizar as experi?ncias contidas nesta pesquisa

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:56:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EwertonAPM.pdf: 3120304 bytes, checksum: ff33c0c9ca20630c0130f326f67a029e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-11-17 / Amongst the results of the AutPoc Project - Automation of Wells, established between UFRN and Petrobras with the support of the CNPq, FINEP, CTPETRO, FUNPEC, was developed a simulator for equipped wells of oil with the method of rise for continuous gas-lift. The gas-lift is a method of rise sufficiently used in production offshore (sea production), and its basic concept is to inject gas in the deep one of the producing well of oil transform it less dense in order to facilitate its displacement since the reservoir until the surface. Based in the use of tables and equations that condense the biggest number of information on characteristics of the reservoir, the well and the valves of gas injection, it is allowed, through successive interpolations, to simulate representative curves of the physical behavior of the existing characteristic variable. With a simulator that approaches a computer of real the physical conditions of an oil well is possible to analyze peculiar behaviors with very bigger speeds, since the constants of time of the system in question well are raised e, moreover, to optimize costs with assays in field. The simulator presents great versatility, with prominance the analysis of the influence of parameters, as the static pressure, relation gas-liquid, pressure in the head of the well, BSW (Relation Basic Sediments and Water) in curves of request in deep of the well and the attainment of the curve of performance of the well where it can be simulated rules of control and otimization. In moving the rules of control, the simulator allows the use in two ways of simulation: the application of the control saw software simulated enclosed in the proper simulator, as well as the use of external controllers. This implies that the simulator can be used as tool of validation of control algorithms. Through the potentialities above cited, of course one another powerful application for the simulator appears: the didactic use of the tool. It will be possible to use it in formation courses and recycling of engineers / Dentre os resultados do Projeto AutPoc – Automa??o de Po?os, estabelecido entre UFRN e Petrobras com o apoio do CNPq, FINEP, CTPETRO, FUNPEC, foi desenvolvido um simulador para po?os de petr?leo equipados com o m?todo de eleva??o por gas-lift cont?nuo. O gas-lift ? um m?todo de eleva??o bastante utilizado em produ??o offshore (produ??o marinha), e seu conceito fundamental ? injetar g?s no fundo do po?o produtor de petr?leo tornando-o menos denso de modo a facilitar seu deslocamento desde o reservat?rio at? a superf?cie. Baseado na utiliza??o de tabelas e equa??es que condensam o maior n?mero de informa??es sobre caracter?sticas do reservat?rio, do po?o e das v?lvulas de inje??o de g?s, ? permitido, atrav?s de sucessivas interpola??es, simular curvas representativas do comportamento f?sico das vari?veis caracter?sticas existentes. Com um simulador que aproxime um computador das condi??es f?sicas reais de um po?o de petr?leo ? poss?vel analisar comportamentos peculiares com velocidades muito maiores, visto que as constantes de tempo do sistema em quest?o s?o bem elevadas e, al?m disso, otimizar custos com ensaios em campo. O simulador apresenta grande versatilidade, destacadamente a an?lise da influ?ncia de par?metros, como a press?o est?tica, raz?o g?s-l?quido, press?o na cabe?a do po?o, BSW (Basic Sediments and Water) em curvas de solicita??o no fundo do po?o e a obten??o da curva de desempenho do po?o onde pode-se simular regras de controle e otimiza??o. No tocante as regras de controle, o simulador permite a utiliza??o em dois modos de simula??o: a aplica??o do controle via software simulado inclu?do no pr?prio simulador, bem como a utiliza??o de controladores externos. Isto implica que o simulador pode ser utilizado como ferramenta de valida??o de algoritmos de controle. Atrav?s das potencialidades acima citadas, naturalmente surge uma outra poderosa aplica??o para o simulador: a utiliza??o did?tica da ferramenta. Ser? poss?vel utiliz?-lo em cursos de forma??o e reciclagem de engenheiros

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DivalBGN_DISSERT.pdf: 2637921 bytes, checksum: 83fbea74e9888e52417cea5286defdaa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-22 / Crude oil is a complex liquid mixture of organic and inorganic compounds that are dominated by hydrocarbons. It is a mixture of alkanes from the simplest to more complex aromatic compounds that are present derivatives such as gasoline, diesel, alcohol, kerosene, naphtha, etc.. These derivatives are extracted from any oil, however, only with a very high quality, in other words, when the content of hydrocarbons of low molecular weight is high means that production of these compounds is feasible. The American Petroleum Institute (API) developed a classification system for the various types of oil. In Brazil, the quality of most of the oil taken from wells is very low, so it is necessary to generate new technology to develop best practices for refining in order to produce petroleum products of higher commercial value. Therefore, it is necessary to study the thermodynamic equilibrium properties of its derivative compounds of interest. This dissertation aims to determine vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data for the systems Phenilcyclohexane - CO2, and Cyclohexane - Phenilcyclohexane - CO2 at high pressure and temperatures between 30 to 70oC. Furthermore, comparisons between measured VLE experimental data from this work and from the literature in relation to the Peng- Robinson molecular thermodynamic model, using a simulation program SPECS IVCSEP v5.60 and two adjustable interaction parameters, have been performed for modeling and simulation purposes. Finally, the developed apparatus for determination of phase equilibrium data at high pressures is presented / O petr?leo bruto ? uma complexa mistura l?quida de compostos org?nicos e inorg?nicos em que predominam os hidrocarbonetos, desde os alcanos mais simples at? os arom?ticos mais complexos. Nessa mistura encontram-se presentes derivados como gasolina, diesel, ?lcool, querosene, nafta, g?soleos, etc., estes derivados s?o extra?dos de qualquer petr?leo, por?m, somente os com uma qualidade bastante elevada, ou seja, com teor de hidrocarbonetos de baixo peso molecular alto s?o realmente vi?veis a produ??o destes compostos. A American Petroleum Institute (API) desenvolveu um sistema de classifica??o dos tipos de petr?leo. No Brasil a qualidade da maioria dos petr?leos retirado dos po?os ? muito baixa, sendo assim, ? necess?rio obter novos conhecimentos a fim de desenvolver melhores pr?ticas de refino com o intuito de produzir derivados de petr?leo de alto valor comercial. Para isso se faz necess?rio o estudo de equil?brio termodin?mico de seus derivados. Esta disserta??o de mestrado consiste em determinar dados de equil?brio l?quido-vapor dos sistemas Fenilciclohexano - CO2 e Fenilciclohexano - Ciclohexano e CO2 a alta press?o e temperaturas entre 30 a 70 graus Celsius. Compara??es entres os dados experimentais de equil?brio liquidovapor encontrados no laborat?rio e na literatura foram realizadas em rela??o aos valores obtidos pelo modelo termodin?mico molecular de Peng-Robinson usando o programa computacional SPECS IVCSEP v5.60, com dois par?metros de intera??o ajust?veis, para fins de modelagem e simula??o. Al?m disso, ? apresentado o desenvolvimento de um equipamento de alta press?o no laborat?rio para determina??o de dados de equil?brio de fases

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JosiniraAA.pdf: 2069893 bytes, checksum: f72b269f6b8b693ef45bd7120dd46ee5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-11-26 / The composition of petroleum may change from well to well and its resulting characteristics influence significantly the refine products. Therefore, it is important to characterize the oil in order to know its properties and send it adequately for processing. Since petroleum is a multicomponent mixture, the use of synthetic mixtures that are representative of oil fractions provides a better understand of the real mixture behavior. One way for characterization is usually obtained through correlation of physico-chemical properties of easy measurement, such as density, specific gravity, viscosity, and refractive index. In this work new measurements were obtained for density, specific gravity, viscosity, and refractive index of the following binary mixtures: n-heptane + hexadecane, cyclohexane + hexadecane, and benzene + hexadecane. These measurements were accomplished at low pressure and temperatures in the range 288.15 K to 310.95 K. These data were applied in the development of a new method of oil characterization. Furthermore, a series of measurements of density at high pressure and temperature of the binary mixture cyclohexane + n-hexadecane were performed. The ranges of pressure and temperature were 6.895 to 62.053 MPa and 318.15 to 413.15 K, respectively. Based on these experimental data of compressed liquid mixtures, a thermodynamic modeling was proposed using the Peng-Robinson equation of state (EOS). The EOS was modified with scaling of volume and a relatively reduced number of parameters were employed. The results were satisfactory demonstrating accuracy not only for density data, but also for isobaric thermal expansion and isothermal compressibility coefficients. This thesis aims to contribute in a scientific manner to the technological problem of refining heavy fractions of oil. This problem was treated in two steps, i.e., characterization and search of the processes that can produce streams with economical interest, such as solvent extraction at high pressure and temperature. In order to determine phase equilibrium data in these conditions, conceptual projects of two new experimental apparatus were developed. These devices consist of cells of variable volume together with a analytical static device. Therefore, this thesis contributed with the subject of characterization of hydrocarbons mixtures and with development of equilibrium cells operating at high pressure and temperature. These contributions are focused on the technological problem of refining heavy oil fractions / A composi??o do petr?leo pode variar de po?o para po?o e as suas caracter?sticas influenciam significativamente os produtos obtidos no processo de refino. Sendo assim, ? de suma import?ncia caracterizar o petr?leo para que se possam conhecer suas caracter?sticas e assim destin?-lo de maneira adequada para o seu processamento. Como o petr?leo ? uma mistura multicomponente, utilizar misturas sint?ticas representativas das fra??es proporciona um melhor entendimento do comportamento da mistura. Um caminho para a caracteriza??o de fra??es ? geralmente atrav?s de correla??o entre propriedades f?sicoqu?micas de f?cil medi??o em que algumas dessas propriedades como massa espec?fica, densidade, viscosidade e ?ndice de refra??o s?o freq?entemente utilizadas. Visando a caracteriza??o de fra??es de petr?leo, neste trabalho foram obtidos dados de massa espec?fica, viscosidade e ?ndice de refra??o de misturas bin?rias n-heptano + hexadecano, ciclohexano + hexadecano e benzeno + hexadecano em baixa press?o e temperaturas de 288,15 K a 310,95 K e esses dados foram utilizados no desenvolvimento de uma proposta de caracteriza??o de fra??es de fra??es de petr?leo atrav?s da rela??o de propriedades f?sico-qu?micas com a composi??o. Os resultados obtidos mostraram uma ferramenta promissora e flex?vel na caracteriza??o termof?sica de misturas de hidrocarbonetos. Adicionalmente, foi realizada a medi??o de massa espec?fica em alta press?o e temperatura da mistura bin?ria ciclohexano + n-hexadecano numa faixa de 6,895 a 62,053 MPa e 318,15 a 413,15 K e a partir desses dados, uma proposta de modelagem de densidade de l?quidos comprimidos utilizando o modelo de Peng-Robinson e escalonamento de volume foi desenvolvida, utilizando um n?mero menor de par?metros que outros modelos da literatura. Os resultados foram satisfat?rios mostrando a acur?cia do modelo n?o apenas para massa espec?fica, mas tamb?m para coeficiente de expans?o t?rmica e compressibilidade isot?rmica. Esta tese visou contribuir de maneira cientifica com o problema tecnol?gico de refino de ?leos pesados, que pode ser configurado como um problema de caracteriza??o e de busca de processos que possibilitem a obten??o de correntes fracionadas com interesse comercial, como por exemplo a extra??o com solventes em alta temperatura e press?o. Visando obter dados de equil?brio de fases nessas condi??es, foram desenvolvidos projetos conceituais de dois dispositivos experimentais, que consiste de uma c?lula de volume vari?vel como componente de um aparato de equil?brio est?tico anal?tico. Sendo assim, essa tese contribuiu com propostas de caracteriza??o de misturas de hidrocarbonetos e com projetos de montagem de uma c?lula de equil?brio operando em alta temperatura e alta press?o, o que pode contribuir para o problema tecnol?gico de refino de ?leos pesados

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-03T20:58:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MorganaDeAraujoEvangelista_DISSERT.pdf: 2607941 bytes, checksum: 7cff1386828e64e1f63b7ce32b375bb0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-09T14:10:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MorganaDeAraujoEvangelista_DISSERT.pdf: 2607941 bytes, checksum: 7cff1386828e64e1f63b7ce32b375bb0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-09T14:10:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MorganaDeAraujoEvangelista_DISSERT.pdf: 2607941 bytes, checksum: 7cff1386828e64e1f63b7ce32b375bb0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-17 / INTRODU??O: A Distrofia Miotonica ? caracterizada por atrofia, fraqueza presen?a de miotonia nos m?sculos esquel?ticos. A presen?a de miotonia nos musculos respirat?rios ? duvidosa assim como as t?cnicas para avalia-l?s. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a sensibilidade /especificidade da taxa m?xima de relaxamento dos m?sculos inspirat?rios (MRR), a eletromiografia de superf?cie (EMGs) dos m?sculos esternocleidomast?ideo (SCM), escaleno (ESC), paraesternal (2EIC), reto abdominal (RA) e a fun??o pulmonar/muscular respiratoria em pacientes com DM1 e sujeitos saudaveis. M?TODOS: Foram convidados a participar do estudo, 71 indiv?duos, 44 pacientes com DM1 e 27 controles. Foram inclu?dos no estudo 28 sujeitos, (18 DM1 e 10 controles). Ap?s exlcus?es a amostra final foi de 25 sujeitos, 16 pacientes com DM1 e 9 sujeitos saud?veis. Todos foram avaliados em rela??o MRR dos m?sculos inspirat?rios, (dP/dt)/Psniff*100(%10ms), a EMGs dos m?sculos respirat?rios, ? fun??o muscular e pulmonar. RESULTADOS: A MRR foi menor nos pacientes com DM1 vs. controle (p=0,003) e foi considerada sens?vel e espec?fica para identificar a doen?a na DM1 e descart?-la no grupo controle, ?rea de ROC 0,87 (95%IC, 0,729 a 1,01, p=0,003). Foi observado valores reduzidos de PIm?x (p=0,0029), PEm?x (p=0,0007) e SNIP (p=0,0030), CVF%pred. (p=0,0014) e VEF1%pred. (p=0,0003) e maior atividade da EMGs em repouso nos m?sculos SCM (p=0,004), ESC (p=0,009) e RA (p=0,045) e no m?sculo SCM (p=0,001) durante o sniff teste. CONCLUS?ES: A MRR ? sensivel e especifica para identificar atraso no relaxamento dos musculos respirat?rios e a fun??o muscular respirat?ria encontra-se alterada nos pacientes com DM1. / INTRODUCTION: Myotonic dystrophy (DM) is a neuromuscular disease characterized by unstable expansion of CTG triplet on chromosome 19. It has two forms: type 1 (DM1 or Steinert's disease); and type 2 (DM2), being the former the most frequent and showing systemic manifestations, such as myotonia (muscle relaxation difficulty), cataracts, arrhythmias, muscle weakness and atrophy, among others, respiratory failure being one of the main factors predictive of mortality and a leading cause of death. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the sensitivity / specificity of the maximum relaxation rate of the inspiratory muscles (MRR), the surface electromyography (sEMG) of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM), scalene (SCA), parasternal (2ICS), rectus abdominis (RA) and lung function/respiratory muscle strength in patients with DM1 and healthy subjects. METHODS: We invited 74 subjects to participate in the study, 44 patients with DM1 and 30 controls. The study included 31 subjects (18 DM1 and 13 controls). After exclusions, the final sample was of 27 subjects, 16 patients with DM1 and 11 healthy subjects. All of them were assessed for MRR of inspiratory muscles, for sEMG of the respiratory muscles, muscle and lung function. RESULTS: The MRR was lower in patients with DM1 vs. control (p = 0.001) and was considered sensitive and specific to identify the disease in DM1 and discard it in the control group, ROC area of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.74 to 1.01, p=0.001). DM1 group showed lower PImax (p=0.0006), PEmax (p=0.0002), SNIP (p=0.0014), CVF%pred (p=0.0018) and FEV1%pred. (p=0.0004) and higher sEMG activity of the SCM (p=0.0022) and ESC muscles (p=0.004) at rest; of 2EIC (p=0.003) during PEmax and of SCM (p=0.02) and ESC muscles (p= 0.03) during the sniff test. CONCLUSIONS: The MRR is sensitive and specific to identify delayed relaxation of the respiratory muscles and respiratory muscle function is altered in patients with DM1.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-07-04T14:08:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeresaCristinaBatistaDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2035837 bytes, checksum: 9e4bbb8e58581fb11c89382b14e4a5b1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-13T14:55:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeresaCristinaBatistaDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2035837 bytes, checksum: 9e4bbb8e58581fb11c89382b14e4a5b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-13T14:55:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeresaCristinaBatistaDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2035837 bytes, checksum: 9e4bbb8e58581fb11c89382b14e4a5b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Introdu??o: estudos demonstram a ocorr?ncia de hipotens?o p?s-exerc?cio (HPE) ap?s ~60 minutos de exerc?cio intervalado de alta intensidade (EIAI) em normotensos. Entretanto, existe uma lacuna no que se refere a HPE ambulatorial e ainda n?o ? conhecido se os modelos de EIAI de baixo volume s?o capazes de reduzir a press?o arterial (PA) ambulatorial em normotensos. Objetivo: investigar o efeito de uma sess?o de EIAI de baixo volume sobre a PA ambulatorial de normotensos. M?todos: vinte e um homens normotensos (23,6 ? 3,6 anos; 23,5 ? 2,3 kg/m2; PA de repouso 111,1 ? 6,4 / 62,4 ? 6,1 mmHg) realizaram: (i) teste incremental m?ximo; (ii) sess?o EIAI e controle (sem exerc?cio) em ordem randomizada. O EIAI consistiu de 10x60s a 100% da velocidade m?xima atingida no teste de esfor?o intercalado com 60s de recupera??o passiva. Os sujeitos permaneceram 20h com o aparelho de Monitoriza??o Ambulatorial da Press?o Arterial (MAPA). Foram avaliadas 13h de vig?lia e 7h de sono. O teste t de Student pareado foi utilizado para comparar a PA sist?lica e diast?lica entre as sess?es controle e EIAI. A ANOVA two-way (condi??o vs. tempo) foi usada para comparar a PA ambulatorial hora a hora ap?s as sess?es controle e EIAI. Resultados: a PA sist?lica no per?odo de 20h de an?lise reduziu 2,8 ? 3,7 mmHg e a PA diast?lica reduziu 1,7 ? 3,5 mmHg ap?s a sess?o de EIAI em rela??o ? sess?o controle (p<0,05). No per?odo da vig?lia, a PA sist?lica reduziu 3,2 ? 3,7 mmHg e a PA diast?lica 1,8 ? 3,9 mmHg ap?s a sess?o de EIAI em rela??o ? sess?o controle (p<0,05). N?o houve diferen?a na PA sist?lica e diast?lica durante o per?odo do sono (p>0,05). A ANOVA two-way demostrou que a PA sist?lica foi menor nas primeiras cinco horas ap?s a sess?o EIAI comparada a sess?o controle [delta m?nimo: -3,2 mmHg; delta m?ximo: -4,8 mmHg (p<0,05)]. Conclus?es: uma sess?o de EIAI de baixo volume reduziu a PA na vig?lia e no per?odo de 20h em normotensos. A hipotens?o em maior magnitude ocorrida nas primeiras cinco horas p?s-exerc?cio parecer explicar a redu??o da PA na vig?lia e no per?odo de 20h. / Introduction: Previous research have already shown the occurrence of post-exercise hypotension (PEH) after ~60 minutes of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) in normotensive subjects. However, there is a gap with regard to ambulatory PEH and it is not yet knowns if the low-volume HIIE reduces ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in normotensive subjects. Objective: To investigate the effect of a single session of low-volume HIIE on ambulatory BP in normotensive subjects. Methods: Twenty-one normotensive males (23.6 ? 3.6 years, 23.5 ? 2.3 kg/m2, resting PA 111.1 ? 6.4 / 62.4 ? 6.1 mmHg) performed: (i) maximum incremental test; (ii) HIIE and control sessions in a randomized order. The HIIE consisted of 10x60s at 100% of maximal velocity interspersed by 60s of passive recovery. The paired sample t-test was used to compare systolic and diastolic BP between control and HIIE sessions. A two-way ANOVA (condition vs. time) was used to compare the ambulatory BP response hour to hour following the control and HIIE sessions. Results: Systolic BP in the 20-hour analysis reduced 2.8 ? 3.7 mmHg and diastolic BP reduced 1.7 ? 3.5 mmHg after the HIIE session compared to the control session (p<0.05). In the awake period, systolic BP decreased 3.2 ? 3.7 mmHg and diastolic BP 1.8 ? 3.9 mmHg after the HIIE session compared to the control session (p<0.05). There was no difference in the systolic and diastolic BP during the asleep period (p> 0.05). The two-way ANOVA demonstrated that systolic BP was lower in the first five hours after the HIIE session compared to the control session [minimum delta: -3.2 mmHg; maximum delta: -4.8 mmHg (p <0.05)]. Conclusion: A single session of low-volume HIIE reduces ambulatory BP in normotensive. The greater magnitude of hypotension during the first five hours post-exercise seems to explain the BP reduction in 20h and awake periods.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-09-04T21:15:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DeyzianneDosSantosFonseca_DISSERT.pdf: 7122991 bytes, checksum: 534afc67a158c1b62e23818dc0d83deb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-09-11T19:17:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DeyzianneDosSantosFonseca_DISSERT.pdf: 7122991 bytes, checksum: 534afc67a158c1b62e23818dc0d83deb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-11T19:17:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DeyzianneDosSantosFonseca_DISSERT.pdf: 7122991 bytes, checksum: 534afc67a158c1b62e23818dc0d83deb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-20 / O presente trabalho tenciona trazer contribui??es para o aprendizado do conceito de press?o atmosf?rica e a inser??o de discuss?es sobre a natureza do conhecimento cient?fico na educa??o b?sica. Procura-se contemplar a compreens?o de aspectos da constru??o hist?rica do conceito cient?fico em atividades que despertam o pensamento cr?tico e desenvolvem a imagina??o dos alunos, particularmente, por meio da interpreta??o de trechos de textos hist?ricos originais. O produto educacional proposto ? uma sequ?ncia did?tica, de perspectiva hist?rico-filos?fica. Prop?e-se que os alunos se engajem em processo ?investigativo? que lhes permita: estabelecer suas explica??es iniciais para fen?meno f?sico cotidiano (evidenciando eventuais concep??es alternativas); perceber eventuais semelhan?as (e diferen?as) entre suas pr?prias explica??es iniciais e concep??es expressadas por pensadores do passado em documentos hist?ricos; compreender elementos do processo hist?rico de constru??o do conceito de press?o atmosf?rica; perceber a eventual inexist?ncia ou fragilidade do fator press?o atmosf?rica em suas explica??es iniciais (como pressuposto te?rico) e a possibilidade de reconsider?-las ? luz desse fator. Sugere-se sequ?ncia did?tica mediada, de car?ter dial?gico, organizada em momentos de discuss?o a respeito de conte?dos de ci?ncia e sobre a ci?ncia. Uma pesquisa emp?rica foi realizada durante a aplica??o da sequ?ncia did?tica em minicurso para estudantes do Ensino M?dio. Uma contribui??o relevante se delineou na medida em que o referido conceito foi coletivamente utilizado de forma satisfat?ria em reinterpreta??o do fen?meno f?sico inicialmente submetido ? problematiza??o. Estabeleceu-se, assim, a constru??o coletiva do conhecimento, em processo no qual professor e alunos se inseriram como protagonistas. Particularmente, o texto a seguir discute resultados provenientes de instrumentos de pesquisa aplicados antes e ap?s a interven??o, os quais contemplam questionamentos abertos acerca de fen?menos f?sicos relacionados ? press?o atmosf?rica, bem como questionamentos abertos acerca de vis?es de Natureza da Ci?ncia sustentadas pelos estudantes. / This work aims to contribute to the learning of the concept of air pressure and the insertion of discussions on nature of scientific knowledge in basic education. It takes into account the historical construction of this concept in activities that arouse critical thinking and develop the imagination of students, particularly through the interpretation of primary sources. The educational tool suggested is a didactic sequence based on historical and philosophical approach. It proposes that students act in an "investigative" process that allows establishing their initial explanations for a daily physical phenomenon (including any misconceptions), as well as noticing any similarities (and differences) between its own initial explanations and views expressed by thinkers of the past in historical documents. Students are given the opportunity to understand elements of the historical development of the concept of air pressure. They can realize the possible absence or weakness of this factor (as a theoretical assumption) in their initial explanations and have the possibility to reconsider them in light of that element. It is suggested special use of primary sources in mediated intervention of dialogical character, organized in discussions on scientific contents and on nature of science. An empirical research concerning the use of the didactic sequence was carried out in a short-term course for high school students. A major contribution was outlined to the extent that the physical concept was used satisfactorily in a reinterpretation of the phenomenon initially subjected to questioning. It was established thus the collective construction of knowledge by a process in which teacher and students acted as protagonists. Particularly, this work discusses results emerging from research tools applied before and after the intervention, more specifically open questions about physical phenomena related to air pressure as well as open questions about the NOS views held by students.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-07-28T17:55:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Frederico Martins Costa.pdf: 7875693 bytes, checksum: 1f9e0aaff0875ac10e2311a35da16d31 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-28T17:55:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Frederico Martins Costa.pdf: 7875693 bytes, checksum: 1f9e0aaff0875ac10e2311a35da16d31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-27 / CAPES / The process of well cementing is very complex, beyond the fact that cement paste presents high density, different rheology fluids are injected into the annulus, altering downhole pressure due to changes on hydrostatic pressure and frictional losses. Knowing the operational window and assuring downhole pressure inside this constraint is primordial for security and well life cycle purposes. Due to downhole variations caused by the disturbances, the superior (fracture) and inferior window limits can be exceeded. As a result, loss circulation problems (mud penetration into a fracture) or kick (reservoir fluid inflow into the annulus) can disturb the cementing process, leading to serious accidents, financial losses, environmental damage and human losses. In order to represent the most important phenomena of cementing process, an experimental unit was built using on line flow, density and pressure measurements. Downhole pressure control through pumping 8, 11 and 14 ppg (lb/gal) fluids was analyzed under loss circulation and kick phenomena. The tracking of the downhole pressure at the set point, by employing a feedback control loop (PI), was implemented through using the opening index of the choke valve as the manipulated variable. / O processo de cimenta??o de po?os ? bastante complexo, al?m da pasta de cimento apresentar elevada densidade e ocorrer o bombeio de fluidos de diferentes reologias, a press?o no fundo do po?o sofre grandes varia??es, devido ? mudan?a na press?o hidrost?tica do po?o e ?s perdas por atrito. Conhecer a janela operacional do po?o e manter a press?o anular de fundo dentro desta ? primordial para a seguran?a e a vida ?til do po?o. Devido ?s varia??es na press?o ocasionadas pelos dist?rbios, a press?o anular de fundo pode extrapolar o limite superior (press?o de fratura) e o inferior (press?o de poros), da janela operacional. Ao extrapolar tais limites, os fluidos da regi?o anular podem migrar para a fratura (perda de circula??o) ou os fluidos nativos do reservat?rio podem migrar para a regi?o anular (kick), essas situa??es s?o indesejadas durante a cimenta??o, podendo causar s?rios acidentes, perdas humanas, preju?zos financeiros e danos ambientais irrevers?veis. Para representar os fen?menos mais importantes do processo de cimenta??o, foi constru?da uma unidade experimental com instrumenta??o capaz de quantificar vaz?o, densidade e press?o em tempo real. Foram analisados o comportamento da press?o anular de fundo no bombeio de fluidos com diferentes densidades (8, 11 e 14 ppg), al?m dos fen?menos de perda de circula??o com kick de g?s, controlando a press?o em um valor desejado (set point), utilizando uma estrat?gia de controle por realimenta??o (controlador PI), atrav?s do ?ndice da abertura da v?lvula choke.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:41:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnneGDS_DISSERT.pdf: 3113468 bytes, checksum: a8146612a95169da2fa541dd638d6763 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-26 / The search for new sources of environmentally friendly energy is growing every day. Among these alternative energies, biodiesel is a biofuel that has had prominence in world production. In Brazil, law 11.097, determine that all diesel sold in the country must be made by mixing diesel/biodiesel. The latter called BX, , where X represents the percent volume of biodiesel in the diesel oil, as specified by the ANP. In order to guarantee the quality of biodiesel and its mixtures, the main properties which should be controlled are the thermal and oxidative stability. These properties depend mainly of the chemical composition on the raw materials used to prepare the biodiesel. This dissertation aims to study the overall thermal and oxidative stability of biodiesel derived from cotton seed oil, sunflower oil, palm oil and beef tallow, as well as analyze the properties of the blends made from mineral oil and biodiesel in proportion B10. The main physical-chemical properties of oils and animal fat, their respective B100 and blends were determined. The samples were characterized by infrared and gas chromatography (GC). The study of thermal and oxidative stability were performed by thermogravimetry (TG), pressure differential scanning calorimeter (PDSC) and Rancimat. The obtained biodiesel samples are within the specifications established by ANP Resolution number 7/2008. In addition, all the blends and mineral diesel analyzed presented in conformed withthe ANP Regularion specifications number 15/2006. The obtained results from TG curves data indicated that the cotton biodiesel is the more stable combustible. In the kinetic study, we obtained the following order of apparent activation energy for the samples: biodiesel from palm oil > sunflower biodiesel > tallow biodiesel > cotton biodiesel. In terms of the oxidative stability, the two methods studied showed that biodiesel from palm oil is more stable then the tallow. Within the B100 samples studied only the latter were tound to be within the standard required by ANP resolution N? 7. Testing was carried out according to the EN14112. This higher stability its chemical composition / A busca por novas fontes de energia, que sejam ecologicamente corretas, cresce a cada dia. Dentre essas energias alternativas, o biodiesel ? um dos biocombust?veis que vem tendo destaque na produ??o mundial. No Brasil, a Lei n? 11.097, determina que todo diesel vendido no pa?s, deve ser constitu?do pela mistura de ?leo diesel/biodiesel, denominado BX, onde X representa o percentual em volume de biodiesel no ?leo diesel, conforme especifica??o da Ag?ncia Nacional do Petr?leo (ANP). Entre as principais propriedades que devem ser controladas para garantir a qualidade do biodiesel est?o as estabilidades t?rmica e oxidativa, as quais dependem, basicamente, da composi??o da mat?ria prima utilizada. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar a estabilidade t?rmica e oxidativa de biodieseis provenientes dos ?leos de algod?o, girassol, dend? e do sebo bovino, assim como analisar as propriedades das blendas feitas do ?leo mineral com biodiesel, na propor??o B10. Foram determinadas as principais propriedades f?sico-qu?micas dos ?leos vegetais e gordura animal, das respectivas amostras de B100 e suas misturas, al?m de caracteriza??es atrav?s de infravermelho e cromatografia a g?s. O estudo das estabilidades t?rmica e oxidativa foram realizados atrav?s de Termogravimetria (TG), Calorimetria Explorat?ria Diferencial sob Press?o (PDSC) e Rancimat. As amostras de biodiesel obtidas est?o dentro das especifica??es estabelecidas pela Resolu??o da ANP No7/2008. As misturas analisadas e o diesel mineral apresentaram todos os resultados em conformidade com as especifica??es da Portaria da ANP N?15/2006. Os resultados obtidos via TG apontam o biodiesel de algod?o como o mais est?vel. No estudo cin?tico, obteve-se a seguinte ordem de energia de ativa??o aparente: biodiesel de dend? > biodiesel de girassol > biodiesel de sebo > biodiesel de algod?o. Em rela??o ? estabilidade oxidativa os resultados obtidos via PDSC e Rancimat indicaram que o biodiesel de dend? foi o mais est?vel, e em seguida o de sebo. Dentre os B100 estudados, o de dend? e sebo bovino, se encontraram dentro dos padr?es exigidos na Resolu??o ANP N?7 (tempo de indu??o 6h), os ensaios foram realizados de acordo com a norma Europ?ia EN14112, a temperatura de 110?C. A maior estabilidade do biodiesel de dend? pode ser atribu?do ? sua composi??o qu?mica

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2017-04-20T13:29:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Rafael Veloso Patr?cio.pdf: 9711857 bytes, checksum: 5f7e5b198769c9a633040fd42126df03 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-20T13:29:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Rafael Veloso Patr?cio.pdf: 9711857 bytes, checksum: 5f7e5b198769c9a633040fd42126df03 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-24 / Funda??o de Apoio a Pesquisa Cient?fica e Tecnol?gica da UFRRJ-FAPUR / Controling of downhole pressure is essential for a safety process of oil well drilling. In a permeable formation, fluids from reservoir come into the annulus region (wellbore) when the downhole pressure is below pore pressure, featuring a disorder called kick. Literature reports some mathematical models developed to predict the behavior of the wellbore in presence of gas kick, however, there are few works reporting control and experiments. By this reason, it was built an experimental plant in order to study system?s behavior during fluid inlet (gas) from reservoir to annulus, and then, sought to develop a control strategy able to mitigate this disorder, without shut-in the well. A strategy with reconfiguration of the control law feedback?feedforward was designed to reject disturbance (gas inlet in the annular), to ensure the drilling within the operating window. Parallelly,simulation studies were developed which are: the construction of mathematical model, validated by the employment of the experimental unit, and the implementation of control based on reconfiguration of control law. / O controle da press?o anular de fundo ? fundamental para que a perfura??o de po?os de petr?leo seja feita de forma segura. Em uma forma??o perme?vel, fluidos do reservat?rio migram para a regi?o anular quando a press?o anular de fundo est? abaixo da press?o de poros, caracterizando o dist?rbio denominado kick. A literatura reporta alguns modelos matem?ticos desenvolvidos para prever o comportamento do po?o na presen?a de kick de g?s, por?m poucos s?o os trabalhos abordando controle e experimentos. A partir desta motiva??o, foi constru?do uma planta experimental para estudar o comportamento do sistema durante a entrada de fluido (g?s) do reservat?rio no anular, e assim, buscou-se desenvolver uma estrat?gia de controle que mitigue tal dist?rbio sem a necessidade do fechamento total do po?o. Uma estrat?gia com reconfigura??o da lei de controle feedback?feedforward foi desenvolvida para rejeitar a perturba??o (entrada de g?s no anular), visando assegurar a perfura??o dentro da janela operacional. Paralelamente, foram desenvolvidos estudos de simula??o quais sejam: a constru??o de um modelo matem?tico, validado empregando-se a unidade experimental, e a implanta??o de controle baseado em reconfigura??o da lei de controle