The purpose of this thesis is to define norms for inspiratory (Pimax) and expiratory (Pemax) pressures and mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1) in healthy white population of the 16-17 age group in the Czech Republic, specifically the capital city of Prague and its close vicinity. Furthermore, this work aspires to ascertain whether there is a correlation between the respiratory pressures, P0.1 and selected anthropometric and pulmonary values. In order to define the norms, 79 children were tested, including 41 boys and 38 girls 16 to 17 years old. After establishing the subjects' case histories, anthropometric, spirometric inspiratory, expiratory and forced vital capacity measurements were made. The study defined the norms of respiratory pressures and P0.1 in 16 to 17-year-old boys and girls, thus achieving its main goal. Furthermore, a difference was found between the average measured Pimax and Pemax values for boys and girls, with the boys showing higher values comparing with the girls. The study did not ascertain a correlation between respiratory pressures, P0.1 and selected anthropometric values (age, height, weight, BMI, BSA). No correlation was found between respiratory pressures and static pulmonary volumes. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

<div>Underground structures must be able to support static overburden loads, as well as to accommodate additional deformations imposed by seismic motions. Progress has been made in the last few years in understanding the soil-structure interaction mechanisms and the stress and displacement transfer from the ground to the structure during a seismic event. It seems well established that, for most tunnels, the most critical demand to the structure is caused by shear waves traveling perpendicular to the tunnel axis. Those waves cause distortions of the cross section (ovaling for a circular tunnel, and racking for a rectangular tunnel) that result in axial forces (thrusts) and bending moments. While all this has been well-studied for structures placed in linear-elastic ground, there is little information regarding the behavior of buried structures placed in nonlinear ground, especially under undrained conditions, i.e., when excess pore pressures generate and accumulate during the earthquake.</div><div><br></div><div><div>Two-dimensional dynamic numerical analyses are conducted to assess the seismic response of deep circular tunnels located far from the seismic source, under drained or undrained loading conditions. It is assumed that the liner remains elastic and that plane strain conditions apply. </div><div> A new cyclic nonlinear elastoplastic constitutive model is developed and verified, to simulate the nonlinear behavior and excess pore pressures accumulation with cycles of loading in the ground. The results of the numerical analyses show negligible effect of input frequencies on the normalized distortions of a tunnel for input frequencies smaller than 5 Hz (the distortions of the tunnel are normalized with respect to those of the free field); that is, for ratios between the wavelength of the seismic input and the tunnel opening larger than about eight to ten. The results also show that undrained conditions, compared with drained conditions, tend to reduce deformations for flexible liners and increase them for stiffer tunnels, when no accumulation of pore pressures with cycles of loading is assumed. However, when pore pressures increase with the number of cycles, the differences in distortions between drained and undrained loading are reduced, i.e., the normalized distortions increase for flexible and decrease for stiff tunnels, compared to those with drained conditions. </div></div><div><br></div><div><div>Undrained loading produces larger thrust in the liner than drained loading for stiff tunnels with flexibility ratio F ≤ 2.0.</div><div>For more flexible tunnels with F > 2.0, the behavior is the opposite, i.e., smaller axial forces are obtained for undrained loading than for drained loading. Including excess pore pressure accumulation does not introduce significant changes in the axial forces of the liner, irrespective of the flexibility of the tunnel, compared to those obtained from undrained loading without pore pressure accumulation.</div><div>The drainage loading condition (drained or undrained) or the magnitude of the free-field excess pore pressures during undrained loading do not affect the normalized bending moments for flexible tunnels, with F ≥ 2. For stiffer tunnels, with F < 2, the normalized bending moments increase from drained to undrained loading, and with the free field excess pore pressures.</div></div><div><br></div><div><div>It is found that the tunnel’s response is determined by the load on the liner, or by the distortions of the cross section, depending on the flexibility ratio. For stiff structures, with F ≤ 2.0, important axial forces and bending moments are produced in the structure, with larger magnitudes for the undrained case; while the distortions of the cross section are very small. When the tunnel becomes more flexible, the loading on the liner decreases, but the distortions of the cross section start to be important. For flexible structures with initial F ≥ 10 (for the cases investigated), the performance is largely determined by the distortions of the cross section, while the axial forces and bending moments are almost negligible. Such distortions are drastically affected by the drainage loading condition and by the magnitude of pore pressures in the free field. </div></div><div><br></div>

Os Plutons Palermo (ca. 250 km2) e Rio Negro (ca. 130 km2) afloram na região Alto Rio Negro (PR) e fazem parte da Província Graciosa, uma província Neoproterozóica (ca. 580 Ma) constituída por granitos e sienitos na região S-SE do Brasil. Em ambos os plutons afloram variedades de rochas graníticas, predominantes, e gabro-dioríticas, bem como rochas híbridas, principalmente granodioritos. Estes plutons apresentam zonamento em geral bem marcado, que é tipicamente inverso caso do Pluton Rio Negro. As rochas graníticas principais correspondem a sieno- e monzogranitos predominantes e álcali-feldspato granitos e quartzo monzonitos subordinados de natureza metaluminosa a levemente peraluminosa. São rochas com estruturas maciças e texturas variadas que apresentam como associação mineral máfica típica hb + bi ± all + zr + ap ± ti + mt + ilm); as rochas gabro-dioríticas incluem gabro-dioritos e quartzo monzogabro-dioritos metaluminosos com estruturas maciças e granulações fina a média, caracterizadas pela associação cpx ± opx + hb + bt ± ti ± ap ± zr. A composição dos plagioclásios nestas rochas varia no intervalo de labradorita a andesina. As rochas híbridas são principalmente granodioritos que se caracterizam por uma variedade de estruturas e texturas indicativas de desequilíbrio, compatíveis com processos de coexistência e mistura parcial entre líquidos ácidos e básico-intermediários que formaram os granitos principais e os gabro-dioritos. Estas rochas são mais comuns no Pluton Rio Negro. A associação mineral máfica é similar, mas com abundâncias distintas de fases, à observada para os granitos principais. Nas rochas graníticas os anfibólios são Fe-hornblenda e Fe-edenita, com valores 0,65 < fe# < 0,95, os valores mais elevados ocorrendo nos álcali-feldspato granitos, as biotitas apresentam 0,71 < fe# < 0,99, observando-se que o componente annítico é também maior nestas últimas rochas. No caso das rochas gabro-dioríticas, os valores fe# variam entre 0,48 e 0,59, 0,41 e 0,56, 0,47 e 0,53 e 0,54 a 0,57 para ortopiroxênio, clinopiroxênio, anfibólio e biotita, respectivamente. As composições médias de orto- e clinopiroxênio coexistentes são \'Wo IND.46\'\' En IND.30\'\' Fe IND.24\' e \'Wo IND.3\'\' En IND.42\'\'Fe IND.55\' e a sugerem uma possível afinidade toleítica, ou cálcio-alcalina, para magma original. Os padrões de elementos terras raras revelam fatores de enriquecimento entre 1-10, 50-70, 100-300 em relação à composição condrítica para ortopiroxênio, clinopiroxênio e anfibólio nas rochas estudadas, com fracionamento bem marcado dos elementos leves em relação aos pesados no ortopiroxênio, não observado no caso de clinopiroxênio e anfibólio. Todos os padrões são caracterizados por anomalia negativa bem marcada de Eu. As pressões de cristalização dos magmas foram estimadas entre 1-3,5 kbar, mas os valores acima de ca. 2 kbar possivelmente não tenham significado real, dadas as composições mais ferroanas dos anfibólios. Temperaturas de saturação de zircão e/ou apatita e de equilíbrio entre orto- e clinopiroxênio, anfibólio-plagioclásio indicam intervalos de cristalização entre ca. 1000 e 750° C para as rochas gabro-dioríticas e entre ca. 900 e 670° C para os granitos principais. As paragêneses minerais e os valores obtidos para o número fe# em biotita em equilíbrio com feldspato alcalino e magnetita apontam para condições de cristalização relativamente oxidantes para as rochas félsicas, exceto os álcali-feldspato granitos, e máfico-intermediárias, superiores ao tampão QFM. / The Palermo (ca. 250 km2) and Rio Negro (ca. 130 km2) Plutons crop out in the so called Alto Rio Negro region , Parana state, making part of the Graciosa Province, a NeoProterozoic province (ca. 580 Ma) constituted by granites and syenites in S-SE Brazil. The plutons are made predominant granitic rocks, gabbro-diorites, as well as hybrid rocks constituted mainly by granodiorites. Both plutons show compositional a zoning pattern, which is inversed in the case of the Rio Negro Pluton. The main granitid rocks are mainly metaluminous to slightly peraluminous syeno- and monzogranites with subordinate quartz monzonites and alkcali-feldspar granites. They show a massive structure and a variety of textures, with hb + bi ± all + zr + ap ± ti + mt + ilm as the typical mafic mineral association. Gabbro-dioritic rocks include fine- to medium-grained metaluminous gabro-diorites and quartz monzogabrros and diorites with massive strucure characterized by the mafic mineral associations with cpx ± opx + hb + bt ± ti ± ap ± zr. In these rocks, the plagioclase compositions vary between labradorite and andesine. Hybrid rocks are mainly granodiorites characterized by several strucures and textures indicative of desiquilibrium and mingling/partial mixing between the silicic and basic-intermediate melts that formed the mainn granites and the gabbro-diorites. Such rocks are more abundant in the Rio Negro Pluton. The mafic mineral association is similar, but in contrasted relative abundance, to the ones found in the main granites. In the main granites the amphiboles are Fe-horblende and Fe-edenite, with 0.65 < fe# < 0.95, the higher among these values appearing in the alkali-feldspar granites. Biotite present 0.70 < fe# < 0.99 and the annitic component are also higher in the later rocks. In the case of the gabbro-dioritic rocks, the fe# numbers range between 0.48 and 0.59, 0.41 and 0.56, 0.47 and 0.53 and 0.54 and 0.57 in ortopyroxene, clinopyroxene, amphibole and biotite, respectively. The averaged compositions of coexisting orto- and clinopyroxene are \'Wo IND.46\'\'En IND.30\'\'Fe IND.24\' and \'Wo IND.3\'\'En IND.42\'\'Fe IND.55\' and suggest a tholeiitic or calk-alkaline nature of the original melts. Rare earth element patterns reveal enrichment factors up to 1-10, 50-70, 100-300 relative to the chondritic composition in ortopyroxene, clinopyroxene and amphibole, respectively, with a well marked fractionation of the heavy over the light rare earths in the case of the ortopyroxene, a feature not observed in clinopyroxene and amphibole. All patterns show a notable Eu negative anomaly. Melts crystallization pressures were estimated to be between 1 and 3.5 kbar; however values higher than ca. 2 kbar seems to be unrealistic given the ferroan compositions of some amphiboles. Zircon and apatite saturation temperatures coupled with ortopyroxene-clinopyroxene and amphibole-plagioclase equilibrium temperatures suggest crystallization intervals between ca. 1000 - 750° C in the case of the gabbro-diorites and ca. 900 - 670° C in the case of the main granites. Mineral paragenesis and fe# values in biotite in equilibrium with alkali-feldspar and magnetite suggests relative oxidizing crystallization conditions for the acid and basic-intermediate melts, higher than the QFM buffer, the alkali-feldspat granites being a possible exeption.

Le comportement rhéologique de suspensions magmatiques synthétiques hydratées a été expérimentalement étudié en déformation coaxiale et en torsion à haute température et haute pression à l’aide d’une presse de type Paterson. Les résultats obtenus illustrent l’influence de la fraction cristalline et de la forme des cristaux sur la rhéologie et le développement des Orientations Préférentielles de Forme (OPF) des particules au sein des suspensions magmatiques. La formation d’une charpente cristalline, associée à une forte hausse de la viscosité, intervient pour des fractions solides comprises entre fs = 0,20 et 0,38 en relation avec le développement de fabriques de type pénétratif. En augmentant la fraction solide (fs = 0,50), le développement d’une fabrique pénétrative, couplé à des bandes de cisaillement bordées de gradients de déformation, engendre un adoucissement de la réponse rhéologique et une hausse moins importante de la viscosité. Pour fs = 0,58, des bandes de cisaillement de type cassant sans gradient de déformation, recoupant une suspension non déformée, apparaissent et contrôlent le fort adoucissement de la réponse rhéologique. La viscosité de la suspension n’augmente plus alors que légèrement. Au-delà de cette fraction cristalline, les suspensions étudiées montrent une forte réduction de la taille et du rapport de forme des cristaux se traduisant par une stabilisation de la réponse rhéologique en fonction de la déformation. Aucune OPF n’a pu être déterminée et une quasistabilisation de la viscosité est observée (comportement mécanique de solide). Toutes les suspensions étudiées se caractérisent par un comportement rhéologique non-Newtonien de type rhéofluidifiant. La dépendance entre le comportement rhéologique des suspensions magmatiques et le développement des microstructures doit être intégrée dans la modélisation de la mécanique des suspensions magmatiques. / The rheological behaviour of synthetic hydrous magmatic suspensions has been experimentally investigated in compression and torsion at high temperatures and pressures in a Paterson press. The results illustrate the influence of the crystal fraction and of the shape of the crystals on the rheology and the Shape Preferred Orientation (SPO) of the particles. A solid particle network, associated with a strong increase of the viscosity, is generated between crystal fractions (fs) of 0.20 and 0.38, with the development of pervasive fabrics. With increasing the crystal fraction (fs = 0.50), shear bands bordered by symmetrical deformation gradients crosscut the pervasive fabric, resulting in a weakening in the rheological behaviour of the suspension. The increase of the viscosity with increasing cristallinity of the suspension becomes less important. At fs = 0.58, brittle shear bands without deformation gradients crosscut an undeformed suspension and lead to a strong weakening of the rheological behaviour which explains the small increase of the viscosity of the suspension with increasing crystal fraction. Above this crystal fraction, suspensions show a strong reduction of the crystal size and shape ratio. No SPO has been determined but the near-stabilisation of the viscosity, coupled with a stabilisation of the stress with strain, is consistent with a solid-like mechanical behaviour at these high crystallinities. All studied suspensions are characterized by a non-Newtonian, shear thinning rheological behaviour. Our results and, in particular, the dependence between the rheological behaviour and the development of crystal microstructures, need to be integrated in mechanical models of magmatic suspensions.

Submitted by Denise Amâncio (deniseamancio2015@gmail.com) on 2018-11-28T14:22:04Z No. of bitstreams: 3 DOCILIDADE AMBIENTAL.pdf: 2373738 bytes, checksum: ba965f55a4adf7db09d57e351328f64d (MD5) autodepósito.pdf: 300090 bytes, checksum: d71771f5087fc9fb57b6f4db9e76786e (MD5) doc aprovado.pdf: 469655 bytes, checksum: 85bbfda63ab6a928a1ff89ea87615603 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by PPGPSI Psicologia (ppgpsiufam@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-11-29T19:00:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 DOCILIDADE AMBIENTAL.pdf: 2373738 bytes, checksum: ba965f55a4adf7db09d57e351328f64d (MD5) autodepósito.pdf: 300090 bytes, checksum: d71771f5087fc9fb57b6f4db9e76786e (MD5) doc aprovado.pdf: 469655 bytes, checksum: 85bbfda63ab6a928a1ff89ea87615603 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-11-30T20:29:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 DOCILIDADE AMBIENTAL.pdf: 2373738 bytes, checksum: ba965f55a4adf7db09d57e351328f64d (MD5) autodepósito.pdf: 300090 bytes, checksum: d71771f5087fc9fb57b6f4db9e76786e (MD5) doc aprovado.pdf: 469655 bytes, checksum: 85bbfda63ab6a928a1ff89ea87615603 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-30T20:29:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 DOCILIDADE AMBIENTAL.pdf: 2373738 bytes, checksum: ba965f55a4adf7db09d57e351328f64d (MD5) autodepósito.pdf: 300090 bytes, checksum: d71771f5087fc9fb57b6f4db9e76786e (MD5) doc aprovado.pdf: 469655 bytes, checksum: 85bbfda63ab6a928a1ff89ea87615603 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-11-08 / . / The contributions of environmental docility have brought new perspectives to study of well-being and quality of life among the elderly. It is in this line that this research has the purpose of analyze aspects of environmental docility in social use of public spaces for the coexistence of the elderly in an institution in the city of Manaus-AM. This multi-method approach research used the techniques of systematic and participative observation, as well as the application of semistructured questionnaires. Twenty elderly (16F; 4M), considered members of the Programa Idoso Feliz participa Sempre ( Happy Elderly Always Participates program) - PIFPS of the Federal University of amazonas- UFAM / AM. The results showed that for these elderly people, the policies laws have strengthened their rights, but they still prejudice of other segments of society. For these elderly people, such laws ignore aspects of facilitating mobility and accessibility to the elderly. In this way the programs are often inaccessible by facing the city. Another limiting factor of their participation is the fragility of health that finds little support from health care agencies. The elderly once they have overcome such obstacles that limit their participation, it’s normal that they have fewer environmental pressures. In this space the elderly finds possibilities for restoring their emotions and physics. In addition, the living space offers a welcoming physical environment whose affordances promote aspects of psychosocial well-being, even when it is considered minor feature to the program. It is in this environment that it is limited in its specific functions of care for the elderly that environmental docility reveals itself and promotes the building of skills and abilities for healthy aging. / As contribuições da docilidade ambiental trouxeram novas perspectivas para os estudo do bem-estar e qualidade de vida entre os idosos. É nesta linha que esta pesquisa está direcionada, a qual teve como objetivo analisar aspectos de docilidade ambiental no uso social de espaços públicos de convivência de idosos em uma instituição na cidade de Manaus-AM. Essa pesquisa de abordagem multimétodos utilizou as técnicas de observação sistemática e participativa, além da aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Participaram do estudo 20 idosos considerados membros efetivos do Programa Idoso Feliz Participa Sempre PIFPS- U3IA-FEFF da Universidade Federal do Amazonas- UFAM/AM. Os resultados mostraram que para esses idosos, as políticas públicas e leis vieram fortalecer seus direitos, porém ainda enfrentam diariamente o preconceito de outros segmentos da sociedade. Para esses idosos tais leis ignoram aspectos de facilitação da mobilidade e acessibilidade ao idoso. Dessa forma os programas a eles destinados, muitas vezes são inacessíveis pelas dificuldades enfrentadas no deslocamento pela cidade. Outro fator limitante de sua participação cidadã é a fragilidade da saúde que encontra pouco respaldo das agências de cuidado ao idoso. Uma vez vencidos tais entraves que limitam sua participação, o idoso encontra no programa de convivência compensações das pressões ambientais. Nesse espaço de convivência o idoso encontra possibilidades de restauro das emoções e das dificuldades físicas. Além disso, o espaço de convivência oferece um ambiente físico acolhedor cujas affordances promovem aspectos de bem-estar psicossocial, mesmo que não este seja visto como aspecto secundário no programa. É nesse ambiente, mesmo que limitado em suas funções específicas de atendimento ao idoso, que a docilidade ambiental se revela e promove a construção de competências e habilidades para um envelhecimento saudável. / Meu trabalho é ligado aos Processos psicossociais, na linha de Psicologia Ambiental.

Within a climate of continual change this study offers insights into the academic pressures experienced by rural adolescents to achieve at school. In the often challenging transition from childhood to adulthood expectations from others place additional pressures on adolescents' lives. To better understand these pressures, I conducted a qualitative study of six students (ages nine to 15) and their teachers in the Middle Years of Schooling within rural Victoria, Australia. Students were studied prior to the Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE) in order to examine the pressures on students facing the Middle Years of Schooling. The study was carried out over a 6 month period using a Naturalistic Inquiry process with semi-structured interviews and participant observation. This allowed access into the participants' subjective insights. A Collective case study approach was employed to situate the information in its holistic environment and offer thick and information rich narratives depicting the experiences of these early adolescents. The case studies also involved examination of the school experiences of the early adolescents. Academic pressure was then broadly viewed in light of these experiences and recommendations offered. The findings from this research revealed that the early adolescents in the study all experienced degrees of academic pressure and demonstrated varied abilities to cope with these pressures. External support provided by parents, the school, teachers and peers tended to provide support more than fostering resilience.

This investigation address the effect that pressure, p, and temperature, T, have on 4f-states of the rare-earth elements in the isostructural YbRh2Si2, EuCo2Ge2, and EuCu2Ge2 compounds. Upon applying pressure, the volume of the unit cell reduces, enforcing either the enhancement of the hybridization of the 4f-localized electrons with the ligand or a change in the valence state of the rare-earth ions. Here, we probe the effect of a pressure-induced lattice contraction on these system by means of electrical resistivity, from room temperature down to 100 mK. At ambient pressure, the electrical resistivity of YbRh2Si2 shows a broad peak at 130 K related to the incoherent scattering on the ground state and the excited crystalline electrical field (CEF) levels. At T_N = 70 mK, YbRh2Si2 undergoes a magnetic phase transition. Upon applying pressure up to p_1 = 4 GPa , T_N increases monotonously while the peak in the electrical resistivity is shifted to lower temperatures. For p &amp;lt; p_1 a different behavior is observed; namely, T_N depends weakly on the applied pressure and a decomposition of the single peak in the electrical resistivity into several shoulders and peaks occurs. Above p_2 = 9 GPa, the electrical resistivity is significantly reduced for T &amp;lt; 50 K and this process is accompanied by a sudden enhancement of T_N. Thus, our results confirm the unexpected behavior of the magnetization as function of pressure reported by Plessel et al. The small value of the magnetic ordering temperature for p &amp;lt; p_2 and the strength of the mechanism that leads to the peaks and shoulders in the electrical resistivity suggest that the f-electrons are still screened by the conduction electrons. Therefore, the observed behavior for pressures lower than p_2 might be a consequence of the competition of two different types of magnetic fluctuations (seemingly AFM and FM). Furthermore, the results suggest that a sudden change of the CEF scheme occurs at pressures higher than p_1, which would have an influence on the ground state. Additionally, a comparison of the pressure dependent features in the electrical resistivity of YbRh2Si2 with similar maxima in other isostructural YbT2X2 (T = transition metal; X = Si or Ge) compounds was performed. For the comparison, a simple relation that considers the Coqblin-Schrieffer model and the hypothesis of Lavagna et al. is proposed. A systematic behavior is observed depending on the transition metal; namely, it seems that the higher the atomic radii of the T-atom the smallest the pressure dependence of the maximum in the electrical resistivity, suggesting a weaker coupling of localized- and conduction-electrons. It is also observed that an increase in the density of conduction electrons reduces the pressure dependence of the characteristic Kondo temperature. The mechanism responsible for the sudden enhancement of T_N in YbRh2Si2 at about p_2 is still unknown. However two plausible scenarios are discussed. The Eu-ions in EuCo2Ge2 and EuCu2Ge2 have a divalent character in the range 100 mK &amp;lt; T &amp;lt; 300 K. Therefore, these systems order magnetically at T_N = 23 K and T_N = 12 K, respectively. The studies performed on EuCo2Ge2 and EuCu2Ge2 as a function of pressure suggest that a change to a non-magnetic trivalent state of the Eu-ions might occur at zero temperature for pressures higher than 3 GPa and 7 GPa, respectively. A common and characteristic feature on EuCo2Ge2 and EuCu2Ge2 is the absence of a clear first order transition from the divalent to the trivalent state of the Eu-ions at finite temperature for p &amp;gt; 3 GPa and for p &amp;gt; 7 GPa, respectively. In other isostructural Eu-based compounds, a discontinuous and abrupt change in the thermodynamic and transport properties associated to the valence transition of the Eu-ions is typically observed at finite temperatures. In contrast, the electrical resistivity of EuCo2Ge2 and EuCu2Ge2 changes smoothly as a function of pressure and temperature. The analysis of the the electrical resistivity of EuCo2Ge2 suggest that a classical critical point might be close to the AFM-ordered phase, being a hallmark of this compound. The overall temperature dependence of the the electrical resistivity of EuCo2Ge2 changes significantly at 3 GPa; therefore, it seems that the system suddenly enters to a T-dependent valence-fluctuating regime. Additionally, the pressure-dependent electrical-resistivity isotherms show a step-like behavior. Thus, it is concluded that discontinuous change of the ground state might occur at 3 GPa. The electrical resistivity of EuCu2Ge2 at high pressure is characterized by a negative logarithmic T-dependence in the pressure range 5 GPa &amp;lt; p &amp;lt; 7 GPa for T &amp;gt; T_N and by a broad peak in the pressure dependent residual resistivity, whose maximum is located at 7.3 GPa. The first behavior resembles the incoherent scattering process typical for an exchange coupling mechanism between the localized electrons and the ligand. This and the peak effect in the local 4f susceptibility observed in NMR measurements are consistent with such a coupling mechanism. Thus, it would be for the first time that a dense Eu-based compound like EuCu2Ge2 show such a behavior. Combining the results of the experiment performed at high pressures on EuCu2Ge2 with the studies performed in the EuCu2(Ge1-xSix)2 series, a crossover from an antiferromagnetically ordered state into a Fermi-liquid state for pressures higher than 7.3 GPa may be inferred from the analysis. Therefore, it may be possible that the sudden depopulation of 4f-level occur mediated by quantum fluctuation of the charge due to a strong Coulomb repulsion between the localized-electrons and the ligand. This phenomenon would explain the broad peak in the residual resistivity. To our knowledge, this would be the first Eu-based compound, isostructural to ThCr2Si2, that show such a transition as function of pressure at very low temperatures.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2003. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 160-167). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2003. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 160-167). Also available on the Internet.

Avec le projet nommé " Dynalyser ", la société MEDICAPTEURS (France, Balma) et le laboratoire PRISSMH EA4561 (Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse III) ont obtenu un financement du Conseil Régional Midi-Pyrénées (AO AGILE-IT 2012) pour mettre au point un nouveau système embarqué de mesure des pressions plantaires. Composé d'un système communiquant sans fil avec 9 capteurs isolés par pied il permet, à partir d'un smartphone, de retourner sous la forme consciente d'une mélodie sonore (3 sons) les informations de pressions plantaires. L'objectif de ce système est d'informer en temps réel (détection de zones d'hyperpression ou au con-traire, d'une absence de pression) et de conforter ou suppléer les moyens de détection naturelle pour un contrôle de l'appui plantaire dans des activités cliniques ou sportives. Dans un premier temps, une étude a permis de développer et de valider une méthode de placement des capteurs isolés à partir de la résultante des forces enre-gistrées par chaque capteur comparée à la force externe mesurée par une plateforme de forces. Les résultats ont mis en évidence des corrélations élevées entre les données de la plateforme de forces (centre des pressions et force verticale de réaction (Fz)) et celles du Dynalyser (barycentre des pressions et Fz), confirmant la pertinence et la nécessité d'un tel placement pour une analyse de certains paramètres biomécanique de la marche aussi pré-cise que celle permise par des systèmes éprouvés d'analyse du mouvement. Dans un second temps, le dévelop-pement de la partie logicielle permettant un retour sonore a été réalisé. Une étude vérifiant la faisabilité d'une modulation de l'appui plantaire grâce au biofeedback (BFB) a été menée sur une population saine. Reprenant le principe d'un retour en " Do majeur " (FB_Gruss) validé pour son intelligibilité, les résultats révèlent une diffi-culté des participants à s'approprier rapidement le FB_Gruss lors de la marche. Ces observations mettent en évi-dence la difficulté à traiter plusieurs informations dans un laps de temps très bref (le contact pied-sol). Par ail-leurs, une variabilité naturelle importante est observée sous certaines zones (partie latérale et surtout médiale de l'avant-pied). Elle est quelque fois supérieure à la marge de tolérance mise en place pour déclencher les sons et perturbe la quantification des appuis réussis. Les résultats obtenus sont prometteurs car ils révèlent, de plus, l'absence d'effet délétère du BFB sur la répartition des pressions plantaires ipsi et controlatérale. Dans un troi-sième temps, un modèle de prédiction des pics de pressions plantaires en fonction des paramètres spatio-temporels adimensionnels (Nombre de Froude, de Strouhal et de Modela-w) a été développé. Le but est d'obtenir un système autonome, capable de moduler une mélodie en comparant les valeurs de pics de pressions obtenues en temps réel à celles du modèle de référence. Les premiers résultats révèlent une prédiction élevée des pressions sous les zones qui servent au BFB (R² > 0.95). Ce modèle devra être validé pour être incorporé au logiciel afin d'obtenir un dispositif totalement autonome permettant d'informer en temps réel de la distribution des pressions plantaires dans un contexte clinique ou sportif. / With the project named " Dynalyser ", the MEDICAPTEURS Company (France, Balma) and the PRISSMH EA4561 laboratory (Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse III) have obtained a funding by the Midi-Pyrenees Regional Council (AO AGILE-IT 2012) to develop a new plantar pressure embedded biofeedback sys-tem. Consisting of a wireless communicating system with nine isolated sensors per foot, it aims to deliver infor-mation about plantar pressures in the conscious of a sound melody (3 sounds), by means of a smartphone. The system's aim is to reinforce or supplement the intrinsic (i.e., natural) plantar pressure feedback by informing in real time (detection of hyperpressure area or, on the contrary, absence of pressure) in order to improve the con-trol of walking in clinical or sporting activities. First, a study allowed to develop and validate a method to locate isolated sensors by means of a force platform. Results revealed high correlations between the force platform data (center of pressure and vertical ground reaction force (vGRF)) and the Dynalyser data (barycenter of pressure and vGRF), confirming the relevance and necessity of such method for an analysis as precise as motion analysis systems of certain biomechanical parameters of walking. Second, the development of the auditory biofeedback (BFB) system was realized. A study verifying the feasibility of a modulation of plantar support using BFB was conducting on a healthy population. Following the principle of a "C-major" return (FB_Gruss) validated for its intelligibility, the results revealed a difficulty for the participants to appropriate quickly the FB_Gruss during walking. These observations, highlight the difficulty of processing several information in a very short period of time (the foot-to-ground contact). On the other hand, a significant natural variability is observed under two areas (lateral and especially medial part of the forefoot). It is sometimes superior to the tolerance range set up to trigger sounds and disrupts the quantification of successful supports. The results obtained are promising because they also reveal the absence of deleterious effect of the BFB on the distribution of ipsi and contralateral plantar pres-sures. Third, a model of prediction of plantar pressure peaks as a function of the dimensionless spatio-temporal parameters (Froude number, Strouhal and Modela-w) was developed. The aim is to obtain an autonomous system capable of modulating a melody by comparing the peak pressure values obtained in real time with those of the reference model. The first results reveal a high prediction of the pressures under the three areas that serve the BFB (R² > 0.95). This model must be validated to be incorporated into the software in order to obtain a totally autonomous device allowing to inform in real time the distribution of the plantar pressures in a clinical or sports context.