This study explores uses of educational technology as echoed in teachers' beliefs and classroom practices. The research is situated in Cyprus, where integration of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in schools remains in its infancy. The literature reveals that the 'impact' of ICT use on education has been limited; the overall scene is one of teachers unable to make advanced use of the range of possible applications and tools. This thesis is premised on the argument that these limited uses can be explained by the lack of incorporation of an effective pedagogy. On the basis that understanding teachers' pedagogical rationales and responses in depth is crucial for the successful implementation of an ICT initiative, especially when this is still at an early stage, as in Cyprus, I investigate teachers' philosophies and practices of ICT integration. In particular, my research is devoted to identifying the relationship between their beliefs and actual practices with technology in the classroom and the factors that influence this relationship. In view of the overabundance of survey studies measuring self-reported attitudes and practices, and taking into account that practice does not always reflect beliefs, direct evidence of practice beyond self-reports expecting to bridge research with school reality became an imperative. Moreover, the nature of my focus required in-depth understanding and exploration. Therefore a multi-case design was conducted, involving 11 primary school teachers serving in a unique, in terms of technological infrastructure, state school in Cyprus. A questionnaire, pre-lesson interviews, direct classroom observations, and post-lesson interviews cowprised the data collection methods. The Activity Theory model was employed as an analytical tool. Within- and cross-case thematic analyses indicated four main types of response which led to sample grouping; the responses and the groups which emerged were differentiated on the basis of teachers' beliefs about technology in education, their practice with ICT in the classroom, the level of (in)consistency between reported a; d observed practices, and the impact of the external factors on their practice. Following the analyses, an additional round of interviews with three Ministry officials, involved in the educational technology sector, was undertaken to shed more light on the main study findings. Moreover, most teachers encountered considerable difficulty in articulating and explaining the reasons behind their choices with ICT. This indicates that their reported acknowledgement of its benefits for teaching and learning might not have necessarily been informed by their personal experience but more by their inclination to respond 'properly'. The last point is also corroborated by the inconsistency identified in most of the cases between reported and observed practices, in terms of the frequency and sophistication of teacher and student interaction with technology. Several contextual factors, both school- and system-related, appear to have provoked this inconsistency; inadequate technical support and maintenance, lack of pedagogical support rn using ICT, time and curriculum constraints, and problematic communication between the involved agents, constitute the main ones. However, these external factors, which were the same for all participants, had varying impact on the four emerging groups, highlighting the influence of additional, teacher-related factors. These include teachers' limited ICT competence, lack of awareness of tools and support available to them, attachment to traditional teaching styles which enhanced existing (rather than resulting in a changed) pedagogy 'behind' ICT use, and perception of their role and professional responsibilities. The findings highlight the requirement for teachers to understand fully the affordances of a technology, which would encourage their engagement in pedagogical reason.ing with it, not necessarily aiming for higher, but, for more purposeful and 'integrational' technology uptake. The tensions, identified within the teachers' activity systems with the help of the Activity Theory model, have implications for change with ICT. These not only concern practitioners but also policy-makers who, having to inform and set the framework for classroom practice, need to justify a new national ICT initiative by clearly relating it to specific pedagogical aims and the curriculum. Implications also arise for the educational technology officials, who orchestrate the policy implementation, and who need to establish effective communication and cooperation between the agents involved. As for the ICT district coordinators, who are responsible for supporting teachers' classroom uses of technology, the findings suggest that they should tackle technical and maintenance issues promptly. Mo reover, 1�t 1� s i�m portant that they encourage teachers to make informed decisions by indicating the p~dagogical ~otential of the available tools to them. It would also be useful if, when possible, they situated the use of technology in specific lesson settings to encourage meaningful integration. Finally, the study offers recommendations to JCT t ram� m� g orgam�s ers and instructors to design and conduct training programmes in association with pedagogical approaches. Teachers need support not in advancing their isolated technology uses but in improving the quality of their teaching through integrating technology in their pedagogical practice.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-04-18T13:36:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO FABIOLA OLIVEIRA.pdf: 4941544 bytes, checksum: 9caa9d810acc37f3b8aea6b9631dcd3d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T13:36:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO FABIOLA OLIVEIRA.pdf: 4941544 bytes, checksum: 9caa9d810acc37f3b8aea6b9631dcd3d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-01 / Considerando a importância de trabalhar a tecnologia em sala de aula, especialmente com referência ao uso da calculadora, este estudo tem como objetivo investigar o desempenho de estudantes do 5°ano do Ensino Fundamental na resolução de problemas de divisão, estabelecendo uma comparação entre uma proposta de ensino que se utiliza da calculadora e outra com uso de manipulativos. Participaram desta pesquisa 50 estudantes com faixa etária entre novee 13 anos de idade, de uma escola da rede municipal do Ipojuca. Para avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos alunos, antes de submetê-los à intervenção de ensino, solicitamos aos mesmos que respondessem, individualmente, um pré-teste que envolviaoito problemas de divisão, sendo um de partição sem resto, um de quotição com resto, um de partição com resto, um de quotição sem resto, dois de partição resolvida e dois de quotição resolvida. A partir do emparelhamento dos resultados obtidos no pré-teste, os estudantes foram organizados em dois grupos com desempenhos equivalentes, que passaram por intervenções distintas: no Grupo Calculadora/Papel e Lápis, a intervenção envolveu o uso da calculadora e também a resolução com papel e lápis, e no Grupo Manipulativo/Papel e Lápis, a intervenção foi realizada com apoio de manipulativo, papel e lápis para resolução dos problemas. Ao final da intervenção, foi realizado um pós-teste e, depois de oito semanas, foi feito um pós-teste posterior. Os resultados foram avaliados levando-se em consideração dois tipos análise e mostraram avanços significativos de desempenho em cada grupo, no entanto, a comparação do desempenho dos grupos não mostrou diferenças significativas, ou seja, ambas as intervenções contribuíram para a aprendizagem dos estudantes. Em relação ao fato de a natureza dos problemas ser de partição ou de quotição, observamos não existir diferenças entre resolver um ou outro problema, tanto no pré-teste como no pós-teste (SELVA, 1993, 1998; SPNILLO; LAUTERT, 2002; SELVA; BORBA, 2005). A respeito dos problemas envolvendo o resto, percebemos que muitos estudantes ainda apresentam dificuldades na resolução de problemas com resto, de acordo com estudos anteriores (SELVA, 1993,1998; SELVA; BORBA, 2005; SELVA; BORBA; TORRES, 2007; SPINILLO; LAUTERT, 2012). Esta dificuldade pode estar relacionada ao fato de o livro didático de Matemática, em sua maioria, trazer apenas problemas sem resto, dificultando desta forma o entendimento dos problemas com resto, como também pode estar relacionada ao fato de ser este tipo de problema menos explorado pelos professores em sala. Observando o desempenho dos estudantes em relação a problemas resolvidos (já tinham a resposta) que envolviam respostas com decimais, problemas estes que foram apresentados no pré-teste, no pós-teste e no pós-teste posterior, verificamos que o Grupo Calculadora/Papel e Lápis apresentou nos pós-testes melhores desempenhos do que o Grupo Manipulativo/Papel e Lápis, possivelmente por estar mais familiarizado com a representação decimal, mostrada na calculadora. Nas análises qualitativas, percebemos o uso de algumas estratégias, tais como adição, estratégia pessoal, ensaio ao erro, multiplicação, divisão, entre outras observadas em estudos anteriores. Consideramos necessário ressaltar a importância de que seja abordada, na formação inicial e continuada dos professores, não apenas a discussão das Estruturas Multiplicativas, mas também que seja dada uma especial atenção ao significado do resto obtido nos problemas de divisão, tendo em vista que, mesmo estando em pleno curso do 5o ano, os estudantes apresentaram dificuldades, tanto na questão do conteúdo, como na compreensão do resto. Também reforçamos a contribuição da calculadora, tanto para a aprendizagem relativa à resolução dos problemas de divisão, como na compreensão do significado do resto, beneficiando estudantes. Esta descobertafortalecea importância da inclusão desta ferramenta no ensino de Matemática. / Taking into account the importance of working with technology in the classroom, especially the calculator, this study aims to investigate the development of primary school 5th grade students on division problemsolving, considering learning approaches withthe help of the calculator using manipulative. This study included 50 students at the age within 9 and 13 from public schools in the city of Ipojuca, Pernambuco. To assess students’ knowledge level before the learning approach was applied, they were asked to respond, individually, an 8-division-problem pre-test, composed of one partition division with no remainder, one quotition division with remainder, one partition with remainder, one quotition with no remainder, two solved partitions, and two solved quotitions. After pairing the results of the pre-tests, students that had distinctive interventions were joined in two groups with similar development: at the calculator/paper and pencil group, intervention included calculator, paper and pencil for problem solving; and at the manipulative/paper and pencil group, intervention was carried out with support of manipulative, paper and pencil for problem solving. At the end of the intervention, a post-test was carried out, and a later post-test after 8 weeks. Resultsthey were analyzed assuming two types analysis the comparisons of the group development, however, showed no significant differences; in other words, both interventions contributed to the students’ learning. Regarding the fact that the problems are partition or quotition, we noted that there were no differences in solving one or another problem during pre- and post-tests(SELVA, 1993, 1998; SPNILLO; LAUTERT, 2002; SELVA; BORBA, 2005). In relation to the problems with remainder, we also noted that many students still show difficulties in solving problems with remainder in agreement with previous studies (SELVA, 1993,1998; SELVA; BORBA, 2005; SELVA; BORBA; TORRES, 2007; SPINILLO; LAUTERT, 2012).This difficulty might be related to the fact that most math textbooks only explore problems with no remainder, making it difficult for students to understand problems with remainder; another thing is the fact that teachers do not assign this kind of problem very often in the classroom. Studying the students’ development regarding problems solved which decimal responses were included in the pre-test, post-test and later post-test, we learned that the calculator/paper and pencil group showed better results in the post-tests rather than the manipulative/paper and pencil one, possibly because they are used to the decimal representation displayed in calculators. We noted during qualitative analysis the use of some strategies, such as: addition, personal strategy, trial and error, multiplication, division and others, all verified in previous studies. We quoted as necessary the importance that in the early and continuous schooling of educators not only discussion on multiplicative structures be addressed, but also special underscore to the meaning of remainder acquired in the division problems, given that 5th grade students have shown a great deal of difficulties both in content and understanding the remainder. It was also brought into light the help of calculator both to the learning regarded to division problem solving and to the understanding of the meaning of remainder, empowering students. This fact strengthens the importance to include this tool in the teaching of mathematics.

Första argument för studien är att problemlösning tar liten plats i undervisningen. Argument två för studien är att när olika lösningar synliggörs blir eleven uppmärksam på att det finns flera sätt att lösa problem. Tredje argument för studien är att läraren bör sätta sig in i elevernas intressen och perspektiv för att eleverna ska kunna utvecklas inom matematiken. Litteraturöversiktens syfte är att ta reda på vad forskning säger om hur lärare på lågstadiet arbetar med problemlösning i ämnet matematik, och mer specifikt, att besvara frågeställningen: Vilka strategier för problemlösning kan lärare använda sig av i sin undervisning? För att besvara frågeställningarna och uppnå studiens syfte har vi systematiskt tagit fram, analyserat och sammanställt vetenskapliga studier om lärandestrategier, metoder och problemlösningsuppgifter på lågstadier. Resultaten gav oss följande argument; digitala verktyg är en arbetsform som väcker intresse men även att många lärare känner osäkerhet vid användandet. Många forskare lyfter fram att elevnära uppgifter gör att eleverna känner större engagemang. Slutligen att flera forskare beskriver att elevernas kunskaper förbättras när de arbetar i grupp. Eftersom digitala verktyg var en arbetsform som återkom ständigt i resultaten av artiklarna, hade vidare forskning varit att undersöka och besvara “hur skiljer sig arbetet med digitala verktyg vid självständigt arbete och grupparbete?”. De implikationer vi erfarit är lärarens brist på kunskaper inom digitala verktyg samt att problemlösningsuppgifter kräver mer tid och planering utifrån lärarens perspektiv.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / Literacy levels measured against national and international tests indicate that South African learners are performing poorly. Literacy skills are critical in the development of learners, and research suggests that parents play an important role in enhancing these skills. The study takes into account the geographical, socio-economic and historical context of learners and parents, and seeks to determine why children are struggling with literacy activities.

Thesis (M.A. (English Studies)) --University of Limpopo, 2016 / Local and international assessments on reading have shown over the past years that South African primary schools learners fail to perform at the expected levels in comparison to their counterparts in other parts of the world. However, efforts by the Department of Education to improve the situation through the introduction of intervention programmes, like the Foundations for Learning do not seem to yield the expected results. This was evident in the Annual National Assessment reports which provided a gloomy picture despite the FFL’ s declared intention to improve reading performance to nothing less than 50%. This study therefore, sought to evaluate the implementation of the FFL reading guidelines. This study followed a qualitative research approach wherein observations and interviews were used to engage teachers in four selected Grade 6 rural schools. The resultant data was further corroborated by document analysis that confirmed the findings arrived at. The main finding emerging from this study was that schools treated the FFL reading guidelines as optional. Other findings were that the participating schools found it difficult to integrate the prescribed time allocated to reading activities into their school time tables without interfering with times allocated to other subjects. They therefore, resorted to their own discretion on how best to use the available time to engage learners in reading activities. The implications of the findings are that the reading guidelines were differently and partially implemented by the schools. The other implication was that the reading instruction conducted by the participating schools focused more on reading for assessment than on reading for pleasure. The ultimate goal of reading, which is to develop learners into independent readers, was therefore compromised.

No description available.

This study explored the phenomenon of motivation that is experienced by primary school teachers. The research was located within the specific context of a qualitative interpretivist study. A phenomenological research design was used to highlight how teachers understand their lived experiences of the phenomena. Motivation is something that lies within the human condition and that can only be observed through the behaviour of others. The aim was to understand what motivate primary school teachers. A variety of studies about motivation was consulted and the theories of Hertzberg (1959), Vroom (1964, 1995) and Glasser’s Choice Theory (1999) were covered to provide a theoretical lens for the research. Phenomenology focuses on the understanding of a phenomena that is specific to being human and can only be describe and analyse according to the meaning that people give to it. In this qualitative research methodology, I have mainly used the convenience sampling technique to select the participants. Individual interviews were conducted with seven selected participants. Three of the remaining ten participants were selected by means of snowball sampling. The criteria used to choose the participants included Afrikaans and English speaking primary school teachers from three primary schools. The selected participants were teachers aged between 25 and 55 years who were exposed daily to motivation and had to make life choices. Data on how these teachers viewed their situation were collected using phenomenological interviews. The aim of interviewing the teachers personally was to explore their own views of the realities of their lived experiences and how they perceived the world around them. The empirical investigation showed that primary school teachers are currently experience a reasonable level of motivation. Several significant factors that contribute towards the motivation of teachers were identified, namely a positive attitude, faith, passion, job satisfaction and recognition. There were several factors that contribute to the demotivation of teachers, namely the lack of recognition by management or poor managers, inadequate remuneration, poor inter-personal relationships amongst staff members, insufficient resources and a lack of recognition. A variety of studies about motivation was studied and the theories of Hertzberg (1959), Vroom (1964, 1995) and Glasser’s Choice Theory (1999) inter alia will be covered. From the findings of this study, it is clear that different circumstances, needs and wants of individuals have an impact on the motivational levels of teachers and that every individual makes daily choices on how he or she needs to react upon these. / Die doel van hierdie studie is om die verskynsel van motivering wat deur laerskool onderwysers in hulle daaglikse leefwêreld geopenbaar word, te analiseer en te ontleed. Die navorsing is geleë binne die spesifieke konteks van ‘n kwalitatiewe interpretivistiewe studie. ‘n Fenomenologiese navorsingsontwerp is gebruik om te verstaan hoe onderwysers sin van hulle leefwêreld maak en dit interpreteer. Motivering is iets wat binne in die mens lê en wat net waargeneem kan word in die gedrag van die mens. Fenomenologie fokus op die begrip en verstaan van ‘n fenomeen wat eie aan menswees is en daarom net beskryf en verklaar kan word vanuit die betekenisse wat mense daaraan gee. Hermeneutiek word as die ontologiese vertrekpunt gebruik wat gaan oor die wese van die mens. ‘n Fenomenologiese benadering waar ervarings, emosies en gewaarwordinge waarneem word, is as die teoretiese lens vir hierdie studie gebruik om motivering deur die oë van onderwysers te verken. In hierdie kwalitatiewe navorsing maak ek hoofsaaklik van gerieflikheidssteekproef trekking gebruik om die deelnemers te werf. Individuele onderhoude is met sewe geselekteerde deelnemers gevoer. Drie van die 10 deelnemers is deur middel van ‘n sneeubal steekproef trekking gewerf deurdat ek bestaande deelnemers gebruik het om my na nog drie potensiële deelnemers te verwys. Die deelnemers het bestaan uit Engels- en Afrikaanssprekende laerskool onderwysers met ouderdomme wat wissel tussen 25 en 55 jaar. Data is ingesamel deur middel van individuele gesprekke wat met elke deelnemer gevoer is. Die empiriese ondersoek het getoon dat laerskool onderwysers tans ‘n redelike mate van gemotiveerdheid ervaar en dat daar verskeie faktore is wat bydra tot die motivering van onderwysers, naamlik positiewe ingesteldheid, geloof, passie, werkstevredenheid en erkenning. Daar is egter oor faktore wat bydra tot die demotivering van onderwysers naamlik, gebrek aan leierskap, gebrek aan beloning, swak interpersoonlike verhoudinge onder personeel, onvoldoende hulpmiddele en gebrek aan erkenning. Verskeie studies oor motivering is bestudeer en die teorieë van Herzberg (1959), Vroom (1964, 1995) en Glasser se Keuseteorie (1999) sal onder andere hier bespreek word as teoretiese lens van die studie. Uit die teorieë wat bestudeer is, en die data wat ingesamel is, het daar pertinente temas na vore gekom wat moontlik ‘n invloed op die motivering van onderwysers kan uitoefen. Die belangrikste temas dui op die noodsaaklikheid van goeie bestuur, beloning en erkenning deur die leerlinge, religieuse oriëntering, erkenning deur die bestuur van onderwysers, ‘n netjiese en skoon skoolomgewing, voldoende leermiddele, positiewe ingesteldheid en die wil om ‘n verskil in ander se lewens te maak. Uit die bevindinge van hierdie studie blyk dit duidelik dat verskillende omstandighede, begeertes en behoeftes van individue inwerk op die motiveringsvlak van onderwysers en dat elke individu daagliks die keuse maak en besluit hoe hy of sy daarteenoor wil reageer. Die bevindinge bewys ook dat onderwysers graag ‘n verskil in die lewens van hulle leerlinge wil maak. Hierdie studie dui ook moontlikhede aan vir toekomstige navorsing op die gebied van motivering. Op grond van die empiriese studie, word ‘n aantal aanbevelings in Hoofstuk 5 gedoen vir ‘n aantal rolspelers in die daaglikse dramaklas van onderwysers. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2017. / Education Management and Policy Studies / MEd / Unrestricted

Les recherches menées sur l’enseignement public élémentaire dans les Alpes-Maritimes dans l’entre-deux-guerres permettent de dégager des perspectives intéressantes. En premier lieu cette étude conduit à préciser les caractères du milieu géographique et humain du département. Celui-ci ne se résume pas à l’image d’une Côte d’Azur cosmopolite et luxueuse. Les Alpes-Maritimes comprennent certes un littoral dynamique ouvert, attirant de nouveaux habitants souvent accompagnés d’enfants, pour qui doivent être créées des écoles. Mais le département présente également, un moyen et haut-pays dans lequel subsistent de nombreux villages et hameaux souvent très isolés et en voie de dépeuplement. La présente étude permet également une approche des mentalités. Elle apparaît que l’absentéisme scolaire, bien réel n’est pas en contradiction avec l’attachement des parents pour maintenir des écoles même dans de modestes hameaux. L’esprit localiste est très vivant et se traduit par l’attachement au maintien des écoles normales dans le département et par le refus des instituteurs de s’exiler dans d’autres départements. La thèse éclaire l’histoire de l’administration des instituteurs notamment dans le domaine du recrutement facile des élèves dans l’école normale, le déroulement des carrières et des règles de mutations. L’engagement politique et syndical notamment au sein du parti communiste conduit certains maîtres à s’opposer à l’administration. C’est, entre autres, le cas de Virgil Barel. Dans les Alpes-Maritimes l’école se trouve dans une situation intermédiaire entre tradition et modernité. En somme entre 1919 et 1939, les Alpes-Maritimes peuvent être définies comme une sorte de laboratoire dans lequel se confrontent deux conceptions de l’école, deux cultures et deux univers. / The researches undertaken on élémentaire public éducation in the Alpes-Maritimes in the inter-war period make it possible to release from interesting prospects. Initially this study results in specifying the characters of the human geographical environment of the department. This one is not summarized with the image of a cosmopolitan and luxurious Riviera. The Alpes-Maritimes understand certainly an open dynamic littoral, attracting new often accompanied inhabitants children, for whom must be create schools. But the department also presents, a means and high-country in which remains of the many villages and very isolated hamlets often and send depopulation. The present study also allows uneapproche mentality. It specifies school absenteeism which is not in contradiction with the attachment of parents to maintain schools even in the modest hamlet. The spirit very alive localist and results by the attachment with the maintenance of the teacher training schools in the apartment and in the refusal of the teachers to exile itself in other departments. The thesis clarifies the history of the teachers in particular in the field of the easy recruitment of the pupils in the teacher training school, and the rule career profile of changes. Political commitment and trade-union in particular within the Communist party led to certain Masters to be opposed to the administration. In the Alpes-Maritimes the school is in an intermediate situation between tradition and modernity. All in all between 1919-1939, the Alpes-Maritimes can be defined as a kind of laboratory in which two designs of the school are confronted, two cultures and two universes.

This study explores Swedish English language teacher’s (ELT’s) attitudes towards EE, their reasons for or against its inclusion in their classrooms, and how these views affect their planning, instruction and assessment. Themes for investigation are established through thorough review of literature in the field in a Swedish context and explored through thematic analysis of interviews and a survey study. The ELTs in this study view EE as a positive contribution to students’ language development and a good source of authentic materials. Inclusion of EE is seen as a way to increase student engagement. However the causal relationship between EE and language proficiency is questioned. EE and ELTs’ attitudes towards it can be clearly seen to affect lesson planning, classroom activities and assessment. Inclusion of students’ EE is used by some ELTs as a tool to bridge differences caused by heterogenous levels of proficiency and authenticity gaps. Lastly, content and language integrated learning (CLIL) teachers viewed inclusion of EE as a critical aspect in their instruction. Municipal teachers saw inclusion of EE primarily as a method to increase student engagement.

När vi fick det här projektet så började jag med att reflektera över och formulera vad jag tycker kan förbättras i dagens skolform. Jag kom fram till att det största problemet idag är de försämrade resultat som man kan se hos eleverna. Bland dagens grundskoleelever finns stora problem med frånvaro och utanförskap, vilket har lett till att fler niondeklassare ej får sin gymnasiebehörighet. Jag tror att om man hittar en bättre balans mellan praktisk och teoretisk undervisning i skolan så kan man fånga många fler elevers intresse, och jag tror jag dessutom att om skolan kan erbjuda aktiviteter även utanför lektionstid så kan man motverka utanförskap och mobbing.  Fornuddens marina skola är därför anpassad för utomhuspedagogik och ett mer aktivt lärande. Utöver undervisningssalarna så blir även skolgårdarna, parken och Drevviken ett rum för undervisning. Undervisning såsom biologi, geografi och idrott kan med fördel förläggas utomhus och dessa kan även dra nytta av den närbelägna Drevviken. Skolan har även en ekologisk profil där kurserna är anpassade för detta, och man ger praktisk undervisning i kretslopptänk och självförsörjning. Denna profil avspeglas även i konstruktionen där man finner enkla och hållbara byggnadsdelar som träbalkar och sedumtak. Uthyrningsintäkter kan motivera den utökade ytan för matsal i programmet, detta löser dagens lunchkaos i skolan, där elever tvingas äta lunch på orimliga tider på grund av platsbrist. Den utökade ytan för café ger möjlighet till ett andra café nere vid vattnet. Eleverna får möjlighet att på kvällar och helger hjälpa till att driva dessa två caféer som finns på skolan, men även ett båthus som bedriver uthyrning, och de kan även hjälpa till när olika evenemang äger rum i aulan eller några av de andra uthyrningsbara salarna. Detta ger möjlighet för unga och vuxna att mötas och det ger eleverna en förståelse för vuxenvärlden och en förståelse för varför man studerar. Detta ger även något tillbaka till allmänheten, som har förlorat en del av en omtyckt park. Ett café vid vattnet ingår även i kommunens ambitioner för parken. Skolan består av en central yta vilken gemensamma funktioner är placerade runt, ett gemensamt stråk och tre mindre mötesplatser för de olika stadierna. Emellan dessa finner man matsalen och de flesta specialsalarna. Via parken tar man sig ner till Drevviken där man finner biologi/geografisalar, båthus och café. Vid den centrala ytan finner man en entrébyggnad med aula, utomhusaula, café och administration. Kring denna yta finns även bibliotek, elevhälsa och idrottshall. Stadiernas mötesplatser består av odling både i västhus och utomhus, de består även av lekplatser och bollplaner. Närmast dessa ytor finner man allrummen och personalarbetsplatserna, och efter dessa kommer basrummen och grupprummen. Basrummen och grupprummen är placerade i en modul som repeteras över skolan. Konstruktionsprincipen är enkel och består av fyra tegelväggar och träbalkar som spänner över dessa. Detta ger en flexibel planlösning mellan väggarna och den ena klassen skärmas tydligt av från den andra. I denna modul ryms en årskurs på tre klasser, som disponerar två basrum och en samling grupprum. Alla salar får generöst med ljus från en glasad långsida, som i största mån är vänd mot natur och stillhet. Entrébyggnaden består av en svängd form med en taklutning åt söder. Detta ramar in den centrala ytan och skärmar av gatan. För att samtidigt få allmänheten att känna sig välkommen är fasaden mot gatan glasad och man ser tydligt passagen genom byggnaden in mot den centrala ytan. Taket som lutar åt söder bärs av grova träbalkar och täcks med gräs och sittplatser. Matsalen består av mindre enheter för att få bättre akustik och trivsel, och köken ligger placerade mot det centrala stråket, där stora glasade ytor låter eleverna se arbetet i köket. Eleverna är aktivt med och samlar in råvaror till köket och de får även själva lära sig att källsortera, som en del av ekologiundervisningen. / In the beginning of this project I started reflecting and formulating what I thought could improve in todays primary schools. I found that the biggest problem, in my opinion, is the affected results that todays students show. Todays students have big problems with absence and alienation, this leads to more and more students without necessary final grades. I think that if you could find a better balance between practical and theoretical education in school you would catch the students attention in a better way, and if you could offer activities beyond the regular courses I think that you could prevent alienation and bullying. Therefore Fornudden Maritime School is adapted for practical/open air- pedagogy and active learning. In addition to conventional classrooms, the schoolyards, the park and Drevviken also becomes part of the educational space. Subjects such as biology, geography and sports will benefit and improve if placed outside, and they will take advantage of Drevviken and the maritime environment. The school also has an organic profile and the courses are adapted for this, and practical education in self reliance and recycling is offered. This profile is also reflected in the construction of the buildings, where you can find simple and durable building parts such as wooden beams and grass roofs. Revenue from renting can motivate the enlarged canteen, this will solve todays lack of space, where students is forced to eat either too early or too late. The addition to café space will allow for a second café close to the water. In afternoons and weekend, students will get the opportunity run these two cafés. They will also get the opportunity to run the boathouse which rent boats, and serve while the lecture hall or the other rentable spaces are being rented. This will give an opportunity for young and old people to meet and it will give the students an understanding of the society outside school, and an understanding of the meaning of education. This will also give something back to the society, which have lost a big park space. A café by the water is also part of the municipality plan for the area. The school consists of a central space that is surrounded by common functions, a common central path and three local meeting points for the different divisions of levels. Between these you will find the canteen and the ”specialsalarna”. Through the park you will reach Drevviken where you will find space for biology and geography, the boathouse and a café. In the central space you will find an entrance building with a lecture hall, open air lecture hall, café and offices for administration. Along this central space you will also find the library, the school nurse and the gym. The local meeting points consists of spaces for cultivation, inside and outside. In these spaces you will also find playgrounds. Close to the local meeting points you will find common spaces and the teachers office. Beyond these you will find classrooms and group rooms. The classrooms and group rooms are placed in a building module, which is repeated all over the school. The construction method is simple and consist of four brick walls, wooden beams is placed between these. This will provide a flexible plan between the load carrying brick walls, and the classes will be clearly separated from each other. Within this module one grade of three classes will fit, they dispose two conventional classrooms and a cluster of group rooms. All rooms is generously provided with daylight from a long side of glass, which is mostly directed to nature and stillness. The entrance building is based on a turning shape with a sloping roof to the south. This will frame the central space and divide it from the street and the crossing. While the shape divides, the materials invite. Glass walls towards the street will invite the public and will also show the path through the building, into the central space. The sloping roof is carried up by large wooden beams and i covered with grass and benches. The canteen is divided in smaller units to improve acoustics and well-being, and the kitchens is placed along the central path, they consist of big glassed walls to make the work inside visible to the passing students. The students actively gather commodities for the kitchen and after lunch, they learn to separate at source. This is a part of the organic education.