Alla människor har rätt till en lika vård men studier visar att personer med substansbrukssyndrom befinner sig i en utsatt position i mötet med vården. Substansbruk definieras enligt världsorganisationen WHO som ett sjukdomstillstånd. 275 miljoner människor beskrivs ha ett substansbruk, varav 36 miljoner av dessa människor har ett substansbrukssyndrom. Syftet med denna studie var att sammanställa kunskap om hur personer med substansbrukssyndrom upplever bemötandet och stigmatisering i vården. Metoden som valdes var en systematisk litteraturöversikt av studier med kvalitativ metod med metasyntes som analysmetod. Databaserna PubMed och PsycInfo användes. Efter kvalitetsgranskning inkluderades 16 artiklar. Resultatet av metasyntesen resulterade i tre slutteman:  Att bli särbehandlad och dömd. Att bli ignorerad och misstrodd. Att bli behandlad som en människa och uppleva att man får den vård man är i behov av. Resultatet visade att personer med substansbrukssyndrom upplever både ett negativt och ett positivt bemötande av vården. I resultatet framkom det en upplevd stigmatisering och en känsla av att bli misstrodd av vården, medan andra delar av resultatet visade att patientgruppen erhöll ett tillitsfullt bemötande och blev sedd som en människa bakom sin diagnos. Slutsatserna tyder på vikten av en personcentrerad vård och att ett individuellt bemötande kan vara grunden för att skapa en god vårdrelation för att förbättra vården för patienter med substansbrukssyndrom. Denna studie kan bidra till en ökad förståelse och kunskap om hur personer med substansbrukssyndrom upplever att de blir bemötta av vården. Studien kan få en betydelse för vårdpersonal, men också för patienter och anhöriga, genom att vården kan uppnå ett förbättrat förhållningssätt till denna patientgrupp.

No description available.

Text in English / The purpose of the study was to describe and explore the experiences of student nurses in caring for mental health users with profound intellectual disabilities in one of the care and rehabilitation centre at Gauteng province incorporating the Common Sense Model. Qualitative descriptive and explorative research was conducted to explore the experiences of student caring for mental health care users with profound intellectual disabilities and to recommend the best practices in caring for mental health care users with profound intellectual disabilities. Data collection was done using reflective diaries and in depth interviews. Twelve participants participated in the study. The study composed of student nurses (n=12) caring for mental health care users with profound intellectual disabilities. Five themes emerged from the study i.e. emotionally challenging, communication difficulties, lack of knowledge on the nature of intellectual disability, burden of care and mixed feelings. Findings of the study revealed that completing nurses find working with profound intellectual disabilities to be emotionally challenging and that negative experiences outweigh the positive experiences, resulting in their reluctance to want to work with profound intellectual disability users. It is therefore incumbent upon policy makers and hospital administrators to take cognisance of these negative feelings so that ways of minimising these frustrations and promoting the wellbeing of nurses caring for mental health care users with profound intellectual disabilities are promoted. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

Text in English / The purpose of the study was to describe and explore the experiences of student nurses in caring for mental health users with profound intellectual disabilities in one of the care and rehabilitation centre at Gauteng province incorporating the Common Sense Model. Qualitative descriptive and explorative research was conducted to explore the experiences of student caring for mental health care users with profound intellectual disabilities and to recommend the best practices in caring for mental health care users with profound intellectual disabilities. Data collection was done using reflective diaries and in depth interviews. Twelve participants participated in the study. The study composed of student nurses (n=12) caring for mental health care users with profound intellectual disabilities. Five themes emerged from the study i.e. emotionally challenging, communication difficulties, lack of knowledge on the nature of intellectual disability, burden of care and mixed feelings. Findings of the study revealed that completing nurses find working with profound intellectual disabilities to be emotionally challenging and that negative experiences outweigh the positive experiences, resulting in their reluctance to want to work with profound intellectual disability users. It is therefore incumbent upon policy makers and hospital administrators to take cognisance of these negative feelings so that ways of minimising these frustrations and promoting the wellbeing of nurses caring for mental health care users with profound intellectual disabilities are promoted. / Health Studies / M.A. (Health Studies)

Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses are members of multidisciplinary mental health teams that address the assessment and treatment of vulnerable youth. The phenomenon of interest for this study is nursing's distinct contribution to a multidisciplinary team in this clinical domain. An interpretive description drawing on the perspectives of seven nurses and seven clinicians from the professions of psychiatry, psychology, social work, child and youth care, and registered clinical counselling provides insight into understanding nursing's distinct contribution (NDC) to multidisciplinary mental health teams that serve vulnerable youth (MMHTSVY). Six major themes and multiple subthemes were inductively derived. The findings make explicit nursing’s contribution to MMHTSVY in ways that are meaningful to the clinical practice. / Graduate

Por muitos anos a assistência em saúde mental foi orientada pelo princípio terapêutico do isolamento do meio familiar e social, fato que levou a movimentos de crítica às instituições psiquiátricas com o objetivo de buscar alternativas para promover uma assistência que possibilitasse a reinserção social e o resgate da cidadania da pessoa com sofrimento psíquico. Nesse contexto, a família tornou-se o principal elo de ligação entre o serviço e a sociedade, assumindo o papel de protagonista no cuidado em saúde mental. Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de identificar as ações de saúde mental desenvolvidas no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) voltadas para a família no cuidado do indivíduo com sofrimento psíquico. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, analítico e do tipo ‘estudo de caso’ com abordagem qualitativa. Para a coleta dos dados, foram realizadas a observação e a entrevista semi-estruturada com profissionais, familiares e usuários de um CAPS. Os resultados mostraram que o trabalho no CAPS só se concretiza através da parceria e da participação familiar. A inserção da família é condição sine qua non para o enfrentamento do sofrimento psíquico, integrando, acolhendo, cuidando e incluindo os atores dessa relação nos espaços cotidianos da vida. O atendimento individual, o grupo de família, a busca ativa, a visita domiciliar e as oficinas, são estratégias realizadas no CAPS na efetivação da inserção da família. Nessa parceria, o vínculo aparece como fundamental na construção de caminhos menos sofridos e menos estigmatizados da vivência do sofrimento psíquico. / For many years, the assistance in mental health was guided by the therapeutic principle of family and social isolation, this fact has taken to manifestations of critic to the psychiatric institutions, with the purpose of searching alternatives to promote an assistance which would make the social reintegration and citizenship rescue of the person in psychological suffering possible. In this context the family has become the main link between the service and the society, taking the role of the protagonist in mental health care. This research has the objective of identifying the mental health activities developed at Psychosocial Center of Attention (CAPS), which are turned to the family in the care of the individual in psychological suffering. It is a descriptive, analytic study; the kind “study of case” with qualitative approach. For the data collect, the observation and the semi-structured interview with professionals, family members, and users of a CAPS took place. The results showed that the work at CAPS only becomes real through the partnership and family participation. The insertion of the family is a sine qua non condition to the confronting of the psychical suffering; integrating, cherishing, caring and including the actors of this relation in the everyday position. The individual consultation, the family group, the active search, the home visit, the workshops are strategies used at CAPS in the effective insertion of the family. In this partnership, the bonding appears as basis in the construction of less suffering and less stigmatized ways of psychical suffering. / Por muchos años, la asistencia en salud mental fue orientada por el principio terapéutico del aislamiento del medio familiar y social, hecho que llevó a movimientos de críticas a las instituciones psiquiátricas con el objetivo de buscar alternativas psiquiátricas para promocionar una asistencia que posibilitara la reinserción social y el rescate de la ciudadanía de la persona con sufrimiento psíquico. En ese contexto, la familia se ha vuelto el principal elo de ligación entre el servicio y la sociedad, asumiendo el papel de protagonista en el cuidado en salud mental. Esta investigación tiene el objetivo de identificar las acciones de salud mental desarrolladas en el Centro de Atención Psicosocial (CAPS) volcadas para la familia en el cuidado del individuo con sufrimiento psíquico. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, analítico y del tipo ‘estudio de caso’ con abordaje cualitativo. Para la colecta de dados, fueron realizadas la observación y la entrevista semiestructurada con profesionales, familiares y usuarios de un CAPS. Los resultados mostraran que el trabajo en el CAPS sólo se concretiza a través de parcería de la familia es condición sine qua non para el enfrentamiento del sufrimiento psíquico, integrando, acogiendo, cuidando e incluyendo los actores de esa relación en los espacios cotidianos de la vida. El atendimiento individual, el grupo de familia, la busca activa, la visita domiciliar y los talleres son estrategias realizadas en el CAPS en la efetivación de la inserción de la familia. En esa parcería, el vínculo aparece como fundamental en la construcción de caminos menos sufridos y menos estigmatizados del convivio del sufrimiento psíquico.

Por muitos anos a assistência em saúde mental foi orientada pelo princípio terapêutico do isolamento do meio familiar e social, fato que levou a movimentos de crítica às instituições psiquiátricas com o objetivo de buscar alternativas para promover uma assistência que possibilitasse a reinserção social e o resgate da cidadania da pessoa com sofrimento psíquico. Nesse contexto, a família tornou-se o principal elo de ligação entre o serviço e a sociedade, assumindo o papel de protagonista no cuidado em saúde mental. Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de identificar as ações de saúde mental desenvolvidas no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) voltadas para a família no cuidado do indivíduo com sofrimento psíquico. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, analítico e do tipo ‘estudo de caso’ com abordagem qualitativa. Para a coleta dos dados, foram realizadas a observação e a entrevista semi-estruturada com profissionais, familiares e usuários de um CAPS. Os resultados mostraram que o trabalho no CAPS só se concretiza através da parceria e da participação familiar. A inserção da família é condição sine qua non para o enfrentamento do sofrimento psíquico, integrando, acolhendo, cuidando e incluindo os atores dessa relação nos espaços cotidianos da vida. O atendimento individual, o grupo de família, a busca ativa, a visita domiciliar e as oficinas, são estratégias realizadas no CAPS na efetivação da inserção da família. Nessa parceria, o vínculo aparece como fundamental na construção de caminhos menos sofridos e menos estigmatizados da vivência do sofrimento psíquico. / For many years, the assistance in mental health was guided by the therapeutic principle of family and social isolation, this fact has taken to manifestations of critic to the psychiatric institutions, with the purpose of searching alternatives to promote an assistance which would make the social reintegration and citizenship rescue of the person in psychological suffering possible. In this context the family has become the main link between the service and the society, taking the role of the protagonist in mental health care. This research has the objective of identifying the mental health activities developed at Psychosocial Center of Attention (CAPS), which are turned to the family in the care of the individual in psychological suffering. It is a descriptive, analytic study; the kind “study of case” with qualitative approach. For the data collect, the observation and the semi-structured interview with professionals, family members, and users of a CAPS took place. The results showed that the work at CAPS only becomes real through the partnership and family participation. The insertion of the family is a sine qua non condition to the confronting of the psychical suffering; integrating, cherishing, caring and including the actors of this relation in the everyday position. The individual consultation, the family group, the active search, the home visit, the workshops are strategies used at CAPS in the effective insertion of the family. In this partnership, the bonding appears as basis in the construction of less suffering and less stigmatized ways of psychical suffering. / Por muchos años, la asistencia en salud mental fue orientada por el principio terapéutico del aislamiento del medio familiar y social, hecho que llevó a movimientos de críticas a las instituciones psiquiátricas con el objetivo de buscar alternativas psiquiátricas para promocionar una asistencia que posibilitara la reinserción social y el rescate de la ciudadanía de la persona con sufrimiento psíquico. En ese contexto, la familia se ha vuelto el principal elo de ligación entre el servicio y la sociedad, asumiendo el papel de protagonista en el cuidado en salud mental. Esta investigación tiene el objetivo de identificar las acciones de salud mental desarrolladas en el Centro de Atención Psicosocial (CAPS) volcadas para la familia en el cuidado del individuo con sufrimiento psíquico. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, analítico y del tipo ‘estudio de caso’ con abordaje cualitativo. Para la colecta de dados, fueron realizadas la observación y la entrevista semiestructurada con profesionales, familiares y usuarios de un CAPS. Los resultados mostraran que el trabajo en el CAPS sólo se concretiza a través de parcería de la familia es condición sine qua non para el enfrentamiento del sufrimiento psíquico, integrando, acogiendo, cuidando e incluyendo los actores de esa relación en los espacios cotidianos de la vida. El atendimiento individual, el grupo de familia, la busca activa, la visita domiciliar y los talleres son estrategias realizadas en el CAPS en la efetivación de la inserción de la familia. En esa parcería, el vínculo aparece como fundamental en la construcción de caminos menos sufridos y menos estigmatizados del convivio del sufrimiento psíquico.

Por muitos anos a assistência em saúde mental foi orientada pelo princípio terapêutico do isolamento do meio familiar e social, fato que levou a movimentos de crítica às instituições psiquiátricas com o objetivo de buscar alternativas para promover uma assistência que possibilitasse a reinserção social e o resgate da cidadania da pessoa com sofrimento psíquico. Nesse contexto, a família tornou-se o principal elo de ligação entre o serviço e a sociedade, assumindo o papel de protagonista no cuidado em saúde mental. Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de identificar as ações de saúde mental desenvolvidas no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) voltadas para a família no cuidado do indivíduo com sofrimento psíquico. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, analítico e do tipo ‘estudo de caso’ com abordagem qualitativa. Para a coleta dos dados, foram realizadas a observação e a entrevista semi-estruturada com profissionais, familiares e usuários de um CAPS. Os resultados mostraram que o trabalho no CAPS só se concretiza através da parceria e da participação familiar. A inserção da família é condição sine qua non para o enfrentamento do sofrimento psíquico, integrando, acolhendo, cuidando e incluindo os atores dessa relação nos espaços cotidianos da vida. O atendimento individual, o grupo de família, a busca ativa, a visita domiciliar e as oficinas, são estratégias realizadas no CAPS na efetivação da inserção da família. Nessa parceria, o vínculo aparece como fundamental na construção de caminhos menos sofridos e menos estigmatizados da vivência do sofrimento psíquico. / For many years, the assistance in mental health was guided by the therapeutic principle of family and social isolation, this fact has taken to manifestations of critic to the psychiatric institutions, with the purpose of searching alternatives to promote an assistance which would make the social reintegration and citizenship rescue of the person in psychological suffering possible. In this context the family has become the main link between the service and the society, taking the role of the protagonist in mental health care. This research has the objective of identifying the mental health activities developed at Psychosocial Center of Attention (CAPS), which are turned to the family in the care of the individual in psychological suffering. It is a descriptive, analytic study; the kind “study of case” with qualitative approach. For the data collect, the observation and the semi-structured interview with professionals, family members, and users of a CAPS took place. The results showed that the work at CAPS only becomes real through the partnership and family participation. The insertion of the family is a sine qua non condition to the confronting of the psychical suffering; integrating, cherishing, caring and including the actors of this relation in the everyday position. The individual consultation, the family group, the active search, the home visit, the workshops are strategies used at CAPS in the effective insertion of the family. In this partnership, the bonding appears as basis in the construction of less suffering and less stigmatized ways of psychical suffering. / Por muchos años, la asistencia en salud mental fue orientada por el principio terapéutico del aislamiento del medio familiar y social, hecho que llevó a movimientos de críticas a las instituciones psiquiátricas con el objetivo de buscar alternativas psiquiátricas para promocionar una asistencia que posibilitara la reinserción social y el rescate de la ciudadanía de la persona con sufrimiento psíquico. En ese contexto, la familia se ha vuelto el principal elo de ligación entre el servicio y la sociedad, asumiendo el papel de protagonista en el cuidado en salud mental. Esta investigación tiene el objetivo de identificar las acciones de salud mental desarrolladas en el Centro de Atención Psicosocial (CAPS) volcadas para la familia en el cuidado del individuo con sufrimiento psíquico. Se trata de un estudio descriptivo, analítico y del tipo ‘estudio de caso’ con abordaje cualitativo. Para la colecta de dados, fueron realizadas la observación y la entrevista semiestructurada con profesionales, familiares y usuarios de un CAPS. Los resultados mostraran que el trabajo en el CAPS sólo se concretiza a través de parcería de la familia es condición sine qua non para el enfrentamiento del sufrimiento psíquico, integrando, acogiendo, cuidando e incluyendo los actores de esa relación en los espacios cotidianos de la vida. El atendimiento individual, el grupo de familia, la busca activa, la visita domiciliar y los talleres son estrategias realizadas en el CAPS en la efetivación de la inserción de la familia. En esa parcería, el vínculo aparece como fundamental en la construcción de caminos menos sufridos y menos estigmatizados del convivio del sufrimiento psíquico.

The aim of this study was to determine the ability and proficiency of the newly qualified professional nurses in utilising psychiatric nursing skills at Chris Hani District Psychiatric Health Care Services in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. The research method was a qualitative, phenomenological approach. A purposive sample of newly qualified professional nurses and supervisors participated in the study. The data were collected through interviews and focus group discussions, using semi – structured interview guides. Interviews responses were recorded on the interview guide. Data were analysed using the computer software Atlas ti and manually. Positive and negative themes were identified. Ethical considerations were ensured by means of privacy, anonymity and confidentiality. Ethical clearance was obtained from the University of Fort Hare and permission from the Provincial Department of Health and Chris Hani District Health and Mental Health Institution at Queenstown was sought. The findings revealed that newly qualified professional nurses performed well, according to the perception of their supervisors. Newly qualified professional nurses were faced with challenges such as shortage of resources, mental illness not considered as a priority and lack of skills development. The study also revealed that newly qualified professional nurses focussed on the curative aspect of ailments, rather than preventive care. However community health workers (CHW) focussed on the preventive aspect of care. Limitations and recommendations based on the findings of the study are presented.

PhD (Nursing Science) / Department of Advanced Nursing Science / State patients are admitted to the psychiatric hospital after being declared as such by a court of law in South Africa. After successful rehabilitation of state patients at the psychiatric hospital, they need to be reintegrated into their families. Perceptions of family members of male state patients regarding reintegration including development of a model to support such reintegration, is not largely explored in the scientific body of knowledge. The aim of this study was to develop a model to support reintegration of state patients into their families in Limpopo Province, South Africa. A qualitative approach using descriptive, explorative, and contextual designs was adopted for this study. The study population was family members whose relatives are male state patients admitted and recorded in the admission register of Hayani Hospital, in Limpopo Province. The study was conducted in two phases of which phase one was a situational analysis, and phase two was the development of the model to reintegrate male state patients into their families. This study was conceptualized within the Social Ecological Model (SEM) of human behaviour (Stokols, 2013), the grounded theory for model development outlined in Dickoff et al. (1968), and the approaches outlined in Chinn and Kramer (2008); Walker and Avant (1995). Model evaluation was done by a group of health professionals, some of whom are advanced psychiatric nurses who are doing masters and doctoral studies, and one doctoral graduate who is also an advanced psychiatric nurse. Presentations were made to this group during peer review sessions who in turn gave critical comments regarding the developed model to support reintegration of male state patients until the final model was accepted. Non-probability purposive and convenient sampling were used to sample a hospital and 10 family members of Venda-speaking male state patients. In-depth individual interviews were used as the instrument to collect data which was pretested on one family member who did not form part of the study. Data was analysed using thematic analysis approach. Data was co-coded by an independent doctoral degree graduate to ensure trustworthiness. Conducting home visits by health professionals came up strongly during data analysis. Credibility, dependability, confirmability and transferability to ensure trustworthiness of the study, as well as ethical considerations were adhered to. The findings of the study yielded two themes, being perceptions of participants regarding reintegration of male state patients, and perceptions of participants regarding the support needed from family members to reintegrate male state patients. During phase one, the results indicated that family members accept reintegration and also that they indicated the kind of support needed, that lead to phase two of developing a model to reintegrate male state patients. The study was restricted to only one hospital in the Vhembe District out of the five districts of the Limpopo Province.The researcher acknowledges that this study was contextual and that only family members of male state patients were interviewed, the perceptions of family members of female state patients were not heard. The study concluded that there are perceptions that family members of male state patients have regarding reintegration of these patients into their families. Furthermore, family members of male state patients can describe the kind of support that they need in order to reintegrate male state patients into their families. This should be done using the developed model that should involve family members and the community. The study recommends that psychiatric hospitals should implement the model involving family members of male state patients. Furthermore, a longitudinal study should be conducted for a period of 3-5 years to check the effectiveness of the model. / NRF