This research deals with learning in science, including learning in environment for sustainable development. Learning in environment and sustainable development are obligatory perspectives in science as well as in other school subjects. The longitudinal study started in 2003, concerning 28 pupils nine years of age in a city in southern Sweden. Data collection has been caught in the pupils’ science lessons from year 2003 to 2006. In order to analyse the pupils’ development of concepts in science and in environment for sustainable development, I have videotaped a lot of sequences from the science lessons and followed up with questionnaires and questions in interviews. Stimulated recall is used to find the teacher’s intentions and reactions on the outcome of the lessons. The results are analysed according to the Earth System Science (ESS) model. It is a model, which describes the relations and interactions between the natural spheres: the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere as well as the biosphere, including man, and the technosphere/anthroposphere. The longitudinal approach resulted in important findings regarding the changes in the pupils’ answers over time. They develop complicated 'concept webs'. The concepts found among the pupils in this study are e.g. the hydrological cycle; life; soil; water in every day life; pollution; non-polluting busses as well as waste; collecting batteries; corrosion; greenhouse and the increasing greenhouse effect. Some concepts e.g. the hydrological cycle, life and soil can from the beginning be classified as concepts used in science, but also to describe what happens in the environment. Concepts as pollution; non-polluting busses; collecting batteries; corrosion; greenhouse and increasing greenhouse effect are used by the pupils to express relations and interactions in and between the natural spheres including man. The relation between man and nature is for the pupils an area of conflicts through the entire study when the pupils from a scientific approach will be aware of the impact on living ecosystems including themselves, today and in the future. The concepts are often connected to each other in a more or less complicated network, 'concepts webs'. The obtained results indicate that the Socratic dialogue is a possible and successful method to use for the development of pupils’ concepts in environmental questions and issues. Another finding in the study is how different methods, e.g. Play and learning, support environmental learning and learning for sustainable development during the science lessons. Play is important in integrated learning and gives opportunity to understand others’ perspectives, Theory of mind. The results indicate an integrated learning process by the pupils, implying in what way they express human impact on nature.

A diesel particulate filter (DPF) is designed to physically remove diesel particulate matter or soot from the exhaust gas of a diesel engine. Frequently replacing DPF is a waste of resource and waiting for full utilization is risky and very costly, so, what is the optimal time/milage to change DPF? Answering this question is very difficult without knowing when the DPF is changed in a vehicle. We are finding the answer with supervised machine learning algorithms for detecting anomalies in vehicles off-board sensor data (operational data of vehicles). Filter change is considered an anomaly because it is rare as compared to normal data. Non-sequential machine learning algorithms for anomaly detection like oneclass support vector machine (OC-SVM), k-nearest neighbor (K-NN), and random forest (RF) are applied for the first time on DPF dataset. The dataset is unbalanced, and accuracy is found misleading as a performance measure for the algorithms. Precision, recall, and F1-score are found good measure for the performance of the machine learning algorithms when the data is unbalanced. RF gave highest F1-score of 0.55 than K-NN (0.52) and OCSVM (0.51). It means that RF perform better than K-NN and OC-SVM but after further investigation it is concluded that the results are not satisfactory. However, a sequential approach should have been tried which could yield better result.

Estudo de caso-controle conduzido na cidade de Porto Alegre, com o objetivo de avaliar a associação do consumo de gorduras saturadas com sobrepeso e obesidade. Foram incluídas 52 crianças e adolescentes com idades entre seis e 19 anos, sendo 26 eutróficos e 26 com sobrepeso ou obesidade. Todos responderam a um questionário que contemplava história familiar, atividade física e hábitos alimentares. O consumo diário de alimentos ricos em ácidos graxos saturados no grupo de casos e controles foi, em média, de 31,63 mg e 23,18 mg, respectivamente (p<0,05). Quando a ingestão foi avaliada pelo questionário de freqüência alimentar, os casos apresentaram consumo mais freqüente de produtos lácteos e carne de gado. Este estudo demonstrou que fatores relacionados a história familiar de obesidade, hábitos alimentares inadequados e sedentarismo influenciam no desenvolvimento da obesidade desde a infância, e que a intervenção nutricional precoce torna-se necessária para prevenção de fatores de risco associados ao desenvolvimento desta patologia. / A case-control study was conducted in Porto Alegre, south Brazil, with the aim of evaluating the association of consumption of saturated fat with overweight or obesity. It was included 52 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 19 years old, being 26 eutrophic people and 26 overweight or obese people. All of them answered a questionnaire that contemplated family history, physical activity and feeding habits. The daily consumption of food rich in saturated fatty acid in the group of cases and controls were in average 31,63 mg and 23,18 mg, respectively (p< 0.05). There was a variation according to the type of food when ingestion was evaluated through the questionnaire of feeding frequency. This study showed that the factors related to family history of obesity, inadequate feeding habits and sedentariness influenced upon the development of obesity since childhood, and that precocious nutritional intervention is necessary to the prevention of risk factors associated to the development of this pathology.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar um ou mais padrões de dieta e verificar sua associação com excesso de peso em uma amostra de indivíduos adultos de Porto Alegre. Para avaliar a dieta, desenvolveu-se um questionário de freqüência alimentar (QFA) composto por 135 itens alimentares. A validade relativa do questionário foi verificada comparando-o à média de dois inquéritos recordatórios de 24 horas. A comparação entre os métodos foi realizada através dos coeficientes de correlação de Pearson e da classificação dos indivíduos segundo as distribuições em quartis de energia e nutrientes de cada método. Após ajuste para energia total e deatenuação, a correlação média entre os métodos foi 0,43. Em média, 76% dos participantes foram classificados no mesmo quartil ou quartis adjacentes; e somente 4% foram classificados em quartis opostos. Com base nas informações obtidas com o QFA, realizou-se análise exploratória de fatores para identificar padrões alimentares. A associação entre os padrões e excesso de peso foi testada utilizando-se análise de regressão de Poisson modificada, ajustando-se para variáveis de confundimento. Seis padrões foram derivados e explicaram 40,2% da variância total na ingestão de alimentos. Os rótulos atribuídos foram de acordo com os alimentos que mais contribuíram para o padrão: “Fast-food”, “Alimentos light/diet”, “Vegetais e frutas”, “Carnes e vísceras”, “Camarão e oleaginosas” e “Feijão e arroz”. O ajuste na análise para fatores de confusão mostrou que o aumento de uma unidade no escore do padrão “Carnes e Vísceras” elevou em 24% a prevalência de excesso de peso. Adicionalmente, houve tendência à redução nesta taxa entre aqueles que seguiam os padrões “Camarão e Oleaginosas” e “Feijão e Arroz”. Concluindo, o QFA apresentou validade razoável, o padrão “Carnes e vísceras” foi preditor de excesso de peso, enquanto os padrões “Camarão e oleaginosas” e “Feijão e arroz” mostraram tendência à proteção. / The objective of this study was to identify one or more eating patterns and to evaluate the association between these patterns with excess of weight in a sample of adult from Porto Alegre. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), covering 135 food items, was developed to assess diet patterns. Relative validity of the FFQ was verified by comparison with the average of two 24-hour dietary recalls. The comparison between the two methods was carried out using Pearson correlation coefficient and cross-classification of individuals according to the quartile energy and nutrients distributions in each method. After adjustment for total energy intake and de-attenuation, the average correlation between the two methods was 0.43. On average, 76% of the participants were classified in the same quartile or in the adjacent quartiles; and only 4% were misclassified into the opposite quartiles. Based on of the information obtained from the FFQ, an exploratory analysis of factors was carried out to identify eating patterns. The association between eating patterns and overweight was tested using modified Poisson models, adjusting for confounding variables. Six patterns were derived and accounted for 40.2% of the total variance in food intake. These were labeled according to the food types that contributed most to the pattern: “Fast-food”, “Light/Diet Foods”, “Fruit and Vegetables”, “Meat and Animal products”; “Shrimp and Oily foods” and “Beans and Rice”. The analysis adjusting for confounding factors showed that the increase of one unit in the “Meat and Animal Products” pattern raised by 24% the prevalence of overweight. In addition, there was a trend to reduce overweight rate for those who had the “Shrimp and Oily Foods” and “Beans and Rice” patterns. In conclusion, the FFQ showed reasonable validity, the “Meat and Animal Products” pattern was a predictor of overweight, while the “Shrimp and Oily foods” and “Beans and Rice” patterns showed a trend to protect against excess of weight.

Submitted by Catarina Ribeiro (catarinacpr@gmail.com) on 2016-03-07T18:06:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Master Thesis - Catarina Peres Ribeiro.pdf: 1434267 bytes, checksum: 9d63b69f24d336186dcb0e2b11ed6577 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2016-08-01T14:57:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Master Thesis - Catarina Peres Ribeiro.pdf: 1434267 bytes, checksum: 9d63b69f24d336186dcb0e2b11ed6577 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Almeida (maria.socorro@fgv.br) on 2016-08-01T19:53:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Master Thesis - Catarina Peres Ribeiro.pdf: 1434267 bytes, checksum: 9d63b69f24d336186dcb0e2b11ed6577 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-01T19:53:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Master Thesis - Catarina Peres Ribeiro.pdf: 1434267 bytes, checksum: 9d63b69f24d336186dcb0e2b11ed6577 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-29 / Event Marketing represents a common promotional strategy that involves direct contact between brands and consumers at special events, namely concerts, festivals, sporting events and fairs. Brands have been investing in sponsorship as a means of associating themselves with particular events, essentially with the goal to enhance brand image and brand awareness. Interestingly, the response of consumers to event marketing has not yet been fully understood. This dissertation fills this gap. More specifically, it intends to determine the extent to which sponsoring brands at events favors brand awareness (recall and recognition) and how it relates to brand attitude. Based on three Portuguese music festivals, two studies were conducted to ascertain event sponsorship’s impact on consumer memory, notably Brand Recall and Brand Recognition, and correlation with attitudes towards the brands such as familiarity and liking. The key findings of these studies show that recognition is much higher for those respondents who attended the festivals, presenting a score of 73,9%, in comparison with recall, presenting a much lower score of 37,5%. Further, and surprisingly, it suggests that the ability to recall and recognize sponsoring brands is not associated to consumer attitudes towards the brands. Instead, it relates to the time consumers dedicated to these particular events, that is, the number of music festivals attended. / Marketing em Eventos representa uma estratégia promocional comum que envolve contacto direto entre marcas e consumidores em eventos pontuais, nomeadamente concertos, festivais, eventos desportivos e até feiras. As marcas têm investido em patrocínios como um meio de associação a eventos específicos, principalmente com o objetivo de intensificar a sua imagem e notoriedade. Interessantemente, as reações dos consumidores relativamente ao marketing em eventos não foi ainda inteiramente compreendida. Esta é precisamente a lacuna que esta dissertação tenciona preencher. Mais especificamente, esta pretende determinar em que medida o patrocínio de marcas em eventos favorece verdadeiramente a notoriedade das mesmas, e a correlação com as atitudes do consumidor. Baseados em três festivais de música Portugueses, foram conduzidos dois estudos com o objetivo de averiguar o impacto do patrocínio em eventos na memória do consumidor, particularmente Brand Recall e Brand Recognition, e a correlação com as atitudes para com as marcas, tal como familiaridade e agrado. As principais descobertas destes estudos, mostram que o reconhecimento das marcas (brand recognition) é mais alto para os consumidores que frequentaram os festivais, apresentando um resultado de 73,9%, comparativamente com a lembrança das mesmas (brand recall), apresentando um resultado mais reduzido de 37,5%. Para além disso, e surpreendentemente, sugere que a capacidade de lembrar e reconhecer as marcas patrocinadoras não está associada às atitudes do consumidor para com as marcas, mas sim relacionada com o tempo dedicado a este tipo de eventos, isto é, ao numero de festivais de música em que participa.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-22T20:50:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-01-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Associação Fundo de Incentivo à Psicofarmacologia (AFIP) / Pacientes amnésicos apresentam prejuízo na memória anterógrada, com a preservação de outras funções cognitivas. Estudos recentes têm relacionado o efeito de facilitação semântica na recordação livre de palavras e a memória episódica à medidas de capacidade de memória operacional. O componente integrador e consolidador de informações da memória operacional é conhecido por retentor epísódico, a ela é atribuída a responsabilidade de comunicação entre os sistemas de memória de longo prazo. Entretanto, a relação entre estes sistemas de memória, declarativa episódica e operacional, ainda necessita de maiores esclarecimentos. O presente estudo, portanto, buscou analisar a relação entre o retentor episódico e a memória episódica em pacientes amnésicos. Foeam incluídos 15 pacientes amnésicos de diversas etiologias e 13 controles pareados quanto ao sexo, idade e escolaridade. Estes participantes tinham, no mínimo, 9 anos de escolaridade, entre 18-75 anos de idade, sem nenhum outro diagnóstico neurológico, psiquiátrico ou indicativo de abuso de drogas e/ou outras substâncias. Os pacientes foram encaminhados por apresentarem dificuldades predominantes no domínio mnemônico e demais funções cognitivas. Os participantes foram avaliados também, pelo teste de recordação livre de palavras contidas em listas longas(15 palavras) e curtas (7 e 9 palavras) com ou sem palavras semanticamente relacionadas nas posições intermediárias. Os resultados demonstraram que a capacidade de memória operacional parece contribuir para a formação de memória episódica. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações

Estudo de caso-controle conduzido na cidade de Porto Alegre, com o objetivo de avaliar a associação do consumo de gorduras saturadas com sobrepeso e obesidade. Foram incluídas 52 crianças e adolescentes com idades entre seis e 19 anos, sendo 26 eutróficos e 26 com sobrepeso ou obesidade. Todos responderam a um questionário que contemplava história familiar, atividade física e hábitos alimentares. O consumo diário de alimentos ricos em ácidos graxos saturados no grupo de casos e controles foi, em média, de 31,63 mg e 23,18 mg, respectivamente (p<0,05). Quando a ingestão foi avaliada pelo questionário de freqüência alimentar, os casos apresentaram consumo mais freqüente de produtos lácteos e carne de gado. Este estudo demonstrou que fatores relacionados a história familiar de obesidade, hábitos alimentares inadequados e sedentarismo influenciam no desenvolvimento da obesidade desde a infância, e que a intervenção nutricional precoce torna-se necessária para prevenção de fatores de risco associados ao desenvolvimento desta patologia. / A case-control study was conducted in Porto Alegre, south Brazil, with the aim of evaluating the association of consumption of saturated fat with overweight or obesity. It was included 52 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 19 years old, being 26 eutrophic people and 26 overweight or obese people. All of them answered a questionnaire that contemplated family history, physical activity and feeding habits. The daily consumption of food rich in saturated fatty acid in the group of cases and controls were in average 31,63 mg and 23,18 mg, respectively (p< 0.05). There was a variation according to the type of food when ingestion was evaluated through the questionnaire of feeding frequency. This study showed that the factors related to family history of obesity, inadequate feeding habits and sedentariness influenced upon the development of obesity since childhood, and that precocious nutritional intervention is necessary to the prevention of risk factors associated to the development of this pathology.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar um ou mais padrões de dieta e verificar sua associação com excesso de peso em uma amostra de indivíduos adultos de Porto Alegre. Para avaliar a dieta, desenvolveu-se um questionário de freqüência alimentar (QFA) composto por 135 itens alimentares. A validade relativa do questionário foi verificada comparando-o à média de dois inquéritos recordatórios de 24 horas. A comparação entre os métodos foi realizada através dos coeficientes de correlação de Pearson e da classificação dos indivíduos segundo as distribuições em quartis de energia e nutrientes de cada método. Após ajuste para energia total e deatenuação, a correlação média entre os métodos foi 0,43. Em média, 76% dos participantes foram classificados no mesmo quartil ou quartis adjacentes; e somente 4% foram classificados em quartis opostos. Com base nas informações obtidas com o QFA, realizou-se análise exploratória de fatores para identificar padrões alimentares. A associação entre os padrões e excesso de peso foi testada utilizando-se análise de regressão de Poisson modificada, ajustando-se para variáveis de confundimento. Seis padrões foram derivados e explicaram 40,2% da variância total na ingestão de alimentos. Os rótulos atribuídos foram de acordo com os alimentos que mais contribuíram para o padrão: “Fast-food”, “Alimentos light/diet”, “Vegetais e frutas”, “Carnes e vísceras”, “Camarão e oleaginosas” e “Feijão e arroz”. O ajuste na análise para fatores de confusão mostrou que o aumento de uma unidade no escore do padrão “Carnes e Vísceras” elevou em 24% a prevalência de excesso de peso. Adicionalmente, houve tendência à redução nesta taxa entre aqueles que seguiam os padrões “Camarão e Oleaginosas” e “Feijão e Arroz”. Concluindo, o QFA apresentou validade razoável, o padrão “Carnes e vísceras” foi preditor de excesso de peso, enquanto os padrões “Camarão e oleaginosas” e “Feijão e arroz” mostraram tendência à proteção. / The objective of this study was to identify one or more eating patterns and to evaluate the association between these patterns with excess of weight in a sample of adult from Porto Alegre. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), covering 135 food items, was developed to assess diet patterns. Relative validity of the FFQ was verified by comparison with the average of two 24-hour dietary recalls. The comparison between the two methods was carried out using Pearson correlation coefficient and cross-classification of individuals according to the quartile energy and nutrients distributions in each method. After adjustment for total energy intake and de-attenuation, the average correlation between the two methods was 0.43. On average, 76% of the participants were classified in the same quartile or in the adjacent quartiles; and only 4% were misclassified into the opposite quartiles. Based on of the information obtained from the FFQ, an exploratory analysis of factors was carried out to identify eating patterns. The association between eating patterns and overweight was tested using modified Poisson models, adjusting for confounding variables. Six patterns were derived and accounted for 40.2% of the total variance in food intake. These were labeled according to the food types that contributed most to the pattern: “Fast-food”, “Light/Diet Foods”, “Fruit and Vegetables”, “Meat and Animal products”; “Shrimp and Oily foods” and “Beans and Rice”. The analysis adjusting for confounding factors showed that the increase of one unit in the “Meat and Animal Products” pattern raised by 24% the prevalence of overweight. In addition, there was a trend to reduce overweight rate for those who had the “Shrimp and Oily Foods” and “Beans and Rice” patterns. In conclusion, the FFQ showed reasonable validity, the “Meat and Animal Products” pattern was a predictor of overweight, while the “Shrimp and Oily foods” and “Beans and Rice” patterns showed a trend to protect against excess of weight.

abstract: Background: Healthy eating plays critical roles in the prevention of many chronic diseases, but there are many barriers in life that prevent people from adopting and maintaining healthy diets. Thus, identifications of barriers that people perceive they have in trying to eat healthy can guide the strategies for dietary behavior change interventions by taking account of the barriers. Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify the perceived barriers to healthy eating (PBHE), to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic factors and PBHE, and to explore the associations between PBHE and dietary intake among parents of elementary-school aged children living in South Phoenix, AZ. Methods: Socioeconomic factors and PBHEs were obtained via survey and diet was assessed by two interviewer-assisted 24 h diet recalls. The associations between employment and PBHEs, education and PBHEs, and household monthly income and PBHEs were analyzed by Mann-Whitney Test, Kruskal Wallis Test, and Spearman’s correlation test, respectively. The relationship between PBHEs and dietary intake were analyzed by Spearman’s correlation test. Linear regression was used to assess the associations between total PBHE, and dietary intake (including added sugar, fruit and vegetable), adjusted by covariates (including socioeconomic status, birth country, age and gender). Results: Of 149 participants who completed the survey (mean age = 38.47±7.08 y), 136 completed the 24 h diet recalls. The mean reported total, social support, emotions and daily mechanics PBHE scores were 2.63±0.91, 2.52±1.16, 2.71±1.06, and 2.58±0.95, respectively, out of a 5-point scale. Daily fruit, vegetable, sugar-sweetened beverage, sweetened foods, and added sugar intake were reported as 1.66±1.56 servings, 2.45±1.43 servings, 1.19±1.30 servings, 2.02±2.12 servings and 49.93±31.17 g, respectively. Employment status was significantly associated with total PBHE (Z = -2.28, p=0.023), and support PBHE (Z = -2.623, p=0.009). Education was significantly related to total PBHE (χ2 = -7.987, p=0.046), and daily mechanics PBHE (χ2= 11.735, p=0.008). Household monthly income levels were significantly correlated to daily mechanics PBHE (r = -0.265, p=0.005). Added sugar was positively correlated with total PBHE (r=0.202, p=0.020), emotions PBHE (r=0.239, p=0.006), and daily mechanics PBHE (r=0.179, p=0.040). Sugar sweetened beverage intake was significantly related to emotions PBHE (r=0.183, p=0.035). When adjusting for socioeconomic factors in the regression analysis, there was no significant association between PBHE and diet intake. Conclusion: Overall, results suggest PBHEs listed in this study are mainly associated with socioeconomic factors, but they are not related to diet intake. Future studies will focus on the precise role of overcoming some identified barriers in improving healthy eating behaviors, and the causality between barriers and healthy eating. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Nutrition 2018

Submitted by Viviane Lima da Cunha (viviane@biblioteca.ufpb.br) on 2016-01-25T15:20:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1612344 bytes, checksum: f0cfaa677e2c9ebbc56a8c6814476d5f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T15:20:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1612344 bytes, checksum: f0cfaa677e2c9ebbc56a8c6814476d5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The ratings used for the memory studies may vary from the nature of the encoding of stimuli, as to the time when the information remains stored for later retrieval and as the form of engaged learning. Thus, studies that evaluate the coded memory through active manipulation of objects, the haptic memory, are scarce, in particular the assessment of long-term oblivion rates. In the healthy aging process subsystems memory have different significant decline in its components. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the real objects oblivion rates and family processed in the haptic and visual modality in two time slots to recall memories and recognition in a sample of 104 elderly people, of both sexes, without commitment cognitive. For this, a wooden box and a turntable for the presentation of haptic and visual stimuli, respectively were used. The procedure consisted of two phases, one phase of study (stimulus presentation) and another test (recall or recognition tasks), at intervals of 1 hour or 1 day. The Mann-Whitney test for independent samples showed significant differences in the recall task only at 1 day interval, with a superior visual recall of information (U = 55.50, p = 0.029, r =-0,60). In the assessment of the accuracy of recognition revealed that only 1 day interval was no significant difference, however, by superior to haptic condition (U = 55.50, p = 0.029, r =-0,55). In summary, the results show that for different memory tasks evaluation condition influences the forgetting rates over time. So it is necessary that new designs, with the addition of more extended periods of time, may bring further clarification. / As classificações utilizadas para os estudos da memória podem variar em relação a natureza da codificação dos estímulos, quanto ao tempo em que as informações permanecem armazenadas para posterior evocação e quanto a forma de aprendizado envolvida. Dessa forma, os estudos que avaliam a memória codificada através manipulação ativa dos objetos, a memória háptica, são escassos, em especial a avaliação das taxas de esquecimento a longo prazo. No processo de envelhecimento saudável os subsistemas da memória apresentam declínio significativo diferenciado em seus componentes. Diante disso, a presente pesquisa teve por objetivo avaliar as taxas de esquecimento de objetos reais e familiares processadas na modalidade háptica e visual em dois intervalos de tempo para memórias de recordação e reconhecimento em uma amostra de 104 idosos, de ambos os sexos, sem comprometimento cognitivo. Para isso, foi utilizada uma caixa de madeira e uma plataforma giratória para a apresentação dos estímulos hápticos e visuais, respectivamente. O procedimento consistiu em duas fases, uma fase de estudo (apresentação dos estímulos) e outra de teste (tarefas de recordação ou reconhecimento), realizada após os intervalos de 1 hora ou 1 dia. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas na tarefa de recordação apenas no intervalo de 1 dia, com uma superioridade na recordação visual das informações (U=55,50, p=0,029, r=-0,60). E na avaliação da acurácia do reconhecimento revelou que apenas no intervalo de 1 dia houve diferenças significativas, no entanto, com superioridade para a condição háptica (U=55,50, p=0,029, r=-0,55). Em resumo, os resultados mostram que para as diferentes tarefas de avaliação da memória a condição influencia nas taxas de esquecimento ao longo do tempo. Assim é necessário que novos delineamentos, com o acréscimo de intervalos de tempo mais prolongados, possam trazem maiores esclarecimentos.