Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-07-08T22:01:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KarllaKarolinneFrancaLima_DISSERT.pdf: 1537522 bytes, checksum: 967ca67c3cfa1032ef3ac13ac94547d6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-07-13T22:06:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 KarllaKarolinneFrancaLima_DISSERT.pdf: 1537522 bytes, checksum: 967ca67c3cfa1032ef3ac13ac94547d6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T22:06:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KarllaKarolinneFrancaLima_DISSERT.pdf: 1537522 bytes, checksum: 967ca67c3cfa1032ef3ac13ac94547d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-18 / A escassez energ?tica mundial desencadeou a possibilidade de explora??o e produ??o de hidrocarbonetos n?o convencionais, culminando na revolu??o energ?tica ocorrida nos Estados Unidos, e alavancando o interesse de outros pa?ses no desenvolvimento desses recursos naturais. A justificativa da pesquisa adv?m da demonstra??o do interesse brasileiro na utiliza??o das t?cnicas de fraturamento hidr?ulico em reservat?rios n?o convencionais, a partir da realiza??o da 12? rodada de licita??es da Ag?ncia Nacional de Petr?leo, G?s Natural e Biocombust?veis, juntamente com a edi??o da Resolu??o n. 21, de 10 de abril de 2014, da Ag?ncia Nacional do Petr?leo, G?s Natural e Biocombust?veis. O conflito entre a viabilidade econ?mica e os preju?zos socioambientais da explora??o e produ??o de hidrocarbonetos n?o convencionais no territ?rio brasileiro resultou na busca por uma solu??o jur?dica que viesse a ponderar os interesses econ?micos, sociais e ambientais. O objetivo geral reside na an?lise da regula??o da explora??o e produ??o de hidrocarbonetos n?o convencionais no Brasil, a fim de demonstrar que os instrumentos regulat?rios erigidos at? ent?o s?o insuficientes. Os objetivos espec?ficos consistem em investigar como a falta de uma regula??o eficiente pode vir a obstar o pr?prio desenvolvimento, analisar a import?ncia da sistematiza??o de um novo instrumento regulat?rio para a garantia da seguran?a jur?dica e energ?tica, identificar os principais impactos socioambientais negativos, e sugerir possibilidades de abordagens dentro do novo marco regulat?rio. A metodologia da pesquisa apresenta como m?todo de abordagem o hipot?tico-dedutivo, como m?todos de procedimento, ressaltam-se o hist?rico, o comparativo, o tipol?gico, o funcionalista e o sist?mico, e como t?cnica de pesquisa, destaca-se a realiza??o de uma interpela??o te?rico-descritiva, por meio de pesquisa bibliogr?fica, an?lise da normatiza??o e jurisprud?ncia brasileira, e um breve estudo comparado, com vistas a oferecer sugest?es de abordagem para um novo marco regulat?rio. / The global energy crisis triggered the possibility of unconventional hydrocarbons exploration and production, culminating in the US energy revolution as well as making other countries interested in the development of these natural resources. The justification for this research comes from Brazil's interest in the use of hydraulic fracturing techniques in unconventional resources since the Brazilian National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels (ANP) organized the 12th acquisition process and published the Resolution no. 21 of April 10, 2014. The conflict between economic viability and the social and environmental damage from exploration and production of unconventional hydrocarbons in Brazil resulted in the search for a legal solution that would consider the economic, social and environmental interests. The main purpose here is to analyze the regulation of unconventional oil exploration and production in Brazil in order to show lack of regulatory instruments so far. The specific objectives are to investigate how the lack of effective regulation may ultimately prevent the development itself, analyze the importance of systematization of a new regulatory tool for ensuring legal security and energy, identify the key negative environmental and social impacts, and suggest possibilities approaches within the new regulatory framework. The research methodology stands out the hypothetico-deductive model as approach, and the comparative model as procedural method. Moreover, the research techniques used here are performance of a theoretical and descriptive questioning over literature search, analysis of Brazilian standardization and case laws, and a brief comparative study, in order to provide suggested approaches for a new regulatory framework.

Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-06-30T17:24:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_JULIA_LUIZA_SCHAFER_PARCIAL.pdf: 1950516 bytes, checksum: d087e3b380f5026a78af786f693a37b3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T17:24:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_JULIA_LUIZA_SCHAFER_PARCIAL.pdf: 1950516 bytes, checksum: d087e3b380f5026a78af786f693a37b3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-08 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Introdu??o: A literatura sugere que respostas emocionais est?o associadas ao desenvolvimento e manuten??o de sintomas do Transtorno de Estresse P?s-Traum?tico (TEPT). A capacidade de influenciar a experi?ncia e express?o emocional, conhecida como regula??o emocional (RE), pode ser cr?tica ao lidar com n?veis significativos de estresse. Especificamente, a RE atrav?s de cogni??es, ou pensamentos (ou seja, Regula??o Emocional Cognitiva, REC), ajuda os indiv?duos a manter o controle sobre sua experi?ncia emocional durante, ou depois de serem expostos a eventos estressores, ou traum?ticos. O Question?rio de Regula??o Emocional Cognitiva (CERQ), foi desenvolvido para medir nove diferentes estrat?gias de REC que se referem ? maneira consciente e atencional de lidar com eventos de vida amea?adores, ou negativos. Objetivos: Os objetivos gerais desta disserta??o foram desenvolver e investigar as evid?ncias de validade da vers?o brasileira do CERQ (Estudo 1) e investigar a rela??o entre a exposi??o a traumas, estrat?gias cognitivas de RE, afeto e Sintomas de Estresse P?s-Traum?tico (SEPT) atrav?s de um modelo de media??o dupla (Estudo 2). M?todo: Uma amostra de 445 estudantes universit?rios completou um Question?rio S?cio-Demogr?fico, a Life of Events Checklist (LEC-5), a vers?o brasileira do CERQ, a Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) e a Posttraumatic Symptoms Checklist (PCL-5) em uma plataforma de pesquisa on-line. Para o Estudo 1, o processo de adapta??o da vers?o brasileira do CERQ incluiu tradu??o, retro-tradu??o, avalia??o de ju?zes e teste em 30 participantes da popula??o-alvo. As evid?ncias de validade de construto foram avaliadas atrav?s de an?lise fatorial confirmat?ria, da consist?ncia interna atrav?s dos alfas de Cronbach e de correla??es com as vari?veis afetivas mensuradas pelo PANAS. Para o Estudo 2 foram realizadas an?lises preliminares de correla??o e de regress?o linear m?ltipla para investigar associa??es entre tipo de trauma, estrat?gias cognitivas de regula??o emocional, afeto e severidade de SEPT. Em seguida, um modelo com rumina??o e afeto negativo como mediadores do efeito da exposi??o ao trauma les?o moral causada por outros sobre os SEPT foi testado usando o macro PROCESS para o SPSS. Resultados: As an?lises de validade mostraram que a estrutura original do CERQ possui boa validade fatorial na amostra e alta confiabilidade, com ? de Cronbach variando entre .71 e .88. An?lises preliminares de associa??o entre tipo de trauma, estrat?gias de regula??o emocional cognitiva, afeto e SEPT mostraram que o tipo de trauma de les?o moral causada por outros, rumina??o e afeto negativo s?o preditores significativos da gravidade de SEPT. Ao testar o modelo de media??o dupla, os resultados sugerem que a rumina??o ? um mediador forte e independente entre o tipo de trauma de les?o moral causada por outros e SEPT, enquanto afeto negativo ? um mediador apenas quando a rumina??o est? presente no modelo. Discuss?o: Nossos resultados indicam que a vers?o brasileira do CERQ ? uma ferramenta v?lida e confi?vel para avaliar as estrat?gias cognitivas de regula??o emocional e que os indiv?duos expostos ao tipo de trauma de les?o moral causada pelos outros utilizam rumina??o como uma estrat?gia de regula??o emocional cognitiva com mais frequ?ncia. O uso aumentado dessa estrat?gia amplifica os n?veis de afeto negativo que acaba levando a n?veis mais elevados de SEPT. Em geral, esses resultados podem influenciar pesquisas e auxiliar no desenvolvimento e melhoria de interven??es cognitivas para indiv?duos expostos a eventos traum?ticos. / Background: Literature suggests that emotional responses are associated to the development and maintenance of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The ability to influence emotional experience and expression, known as emotion regulation (ER), can be critical when dealing with significant levels of stress. Specifically, ER through cognitions, or thoughts (i.e. Cognitive Emotion Regulation; CER), helps individuals to maintain control over their emotional experience during, or after being exposed to stressful, or traumatic events. The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) was developed to measure nine different CER strategies that refer to the conscious and attentional way people deal with threatening, or negative life events. Objectives: Therefore, the general purposes of this thesis were to develop and evaluate validity evidences of the Brazilian version of the CERQ (Study 1) and to investigate the relationship between trauma exposure, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, affect and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) testing for a double mediation model (Study2). Method: A sample of 445 university students completed a Socio-Demographic Questionnaire, the Life of Events Checklist (LEC-5), the Brazilian version of the CERQ, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the Posttraumatic Symptoms Checklist (PCL-5) on an on-line research platform. For Study 1, adaptation process of the Brazilian version of the CERQ included translation, backtranslation, expert committee?s evaluation, and testing on 30 participants from the target population. Validity evidence was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency through the Cronbach?s alpha analysis, and correlations with the affective variables measured by the PANAS. For Study 2, preliminary correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to investigate associations among trauma type exposure, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, affect and PTSS severity. Next, a model positing rumination and negative affect as double mediators of the effect of trauma type of moral injury by others on PTSS was tested using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Results: Validity analyses showed that the original structure of the CERQ has good factorial validity in the sample and high reliabilities, with Cronbach?s ? ranging between .71 and .88. Preliminary analyses of the association among trauma type, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, affect and PTSS showed that trauma type of moral injury, rumination and negative affect were significant predictors of PTSS severity. When testing for the double mediation model, results suggested that rumination is a strong and independent mediator between trauma type moral injury by others and PTSS, while negative affect is a mediator only when rumination is also included. Discussion: Our results indicate that the Brazilian version of the CERQ is a valid and reliable tool for assessing cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and that individuals who are exposed to trauma type of moral injury by others engage more frequently in rumination as a cognitive emotion regulation strategy, which in turn amplifies levels of negative effect that ends up leading to higher levels of PTSS. Overall, these results can influence further researches and aid the development and improvement of cognitive treatment interventions for individuals exposed to traumatic events.

Submitted by PPG Ci?ncias Sociais (csociais-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-06T12:08:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LAURA _GIRARDI_ HYPOLITO_Dis.pdf: 11659889 bytes, checksum: 351e441dcaa1e28d05a4793691cfd746 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-06-14T15:01:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LAURA _GIRARDI_ HYPOLITO_Dis.pdf: 11659889 bytes, checksum: 351e441dcaa1e28d05a4793691cfd746 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-14T15:12:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LAURA _GIRARDI_ HYPOLITO_Dis.pdf: 11659889 bytes, checksum: 351e441dcaa1e28d05a4793691cfd746 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-23 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The present work seeks to carry out a case study of the Uruguayan model of regulation of the marijuana market with state control, as an alternative to the prohibitive paradigm of control of drugs considered illegal. In view of the remarkable growth of the anti-prohibitionist movement in the last decade in Latin America and also globally, the present research seeks to identify the conditions of possibility that allowed Law 19.172 of Regulation and Control of the cannabis Market to be developed, proposed, approved and implemented in Uruguay. Thus, the objective investigation based on sociology, political science and history of the country, understands the antecedents that allowed to Uruguay this position of vanguard in the adoption of progressive policies. Therefore, the long-term antecedents correspond to the reforms developed in the country in the first decades of the Twentieth Century, in the period known as Batllism, which were responsible for building the pillars that sustains the current Uruguayan citizen matrix, with the strengthening of its democracy and party system. The short-term antecedents are presented through the arrival of the party ?Frente Ampla? to Presidency in 2005, which marked the beginning of the Progressive Era (la era progresista) in Uruguay. With its consecration from the presidential term of Pepe Mujica, in view of the significant expansion of the governmental Agenda in the field of civil rights, with the main objectives being: the legalization of egalitarian marriage, the decriminalization of abortion and the regulation of the marijuana market, this last being the object of this research. The empirical part of this work, through semi-structured interviews with Uruguayan actors from different areas, fundamental for the development of the regulation model, intends to present how the path to regulation law was constructed, as well as the perspectives of the informants concerning the model and its expectations with the new drug policy developed by the country in relation to cannabis. / O presente trabalho busca realizar um estudo de caso do modelo uruguaio de regula??o do mercado da maconha com controle estatal, como uma alternativa ao paradigma proibidor de controle das drogas consideradas il?citas. Em vista do not?vel crescimento do movimento antiproibicionista na ?ltima d?cada na Am?rica Latina e tamb?m a n?vel global, a presente pesquisa procura identificar as condi??es de possibilidade que permitiram que a Lei n? 19.172, de Regula??o e Controle do Mercado da cannabis, fosse desenvolvida, proposta, aprovada e implementada no Uruguai. Assim, a investiga??o objetiva, com fundamento nas sociologia, ci?ncia pol?tica e hist?ria do pa?s, compreender quais foram os antecedentes que possibilitaram ao Uruguai esta posi??o de vanguarda na ado??o de pol?ticas progressistas. Deste modo, os antecedentes a longo prazo correspondem ?s reformas desenvolvidas no pa?s, nas primeiras d?cadas do s?culo XX, no per?odo conhecido como batllismo, as quais foram respons?veis pela constru??o dos pilares que sustentam a atual matriz cidad? moderna uruguaia, com o fortalecimento de sua democracia e de seu sistema de partidos. Os antecedentes a curto prazo s?o apresentados atrav?s da chegada da Frente Ampla ? Presid?ncia Nacional em 2005, que marcou o in?cio de la era progresista no Uruguai, com sua consagra??o a partir do mandato presidencial de Pepe Mujica, em vista da significativa expans?o da agenda governamental em mat?ria de direitos civis, tendo como principais: a legaliza??o do casamento igualit?rio, a descriminaliza??o do aborto e a regula??o do mercado da maconha, objeto desta pesquisa. A parte emp?rica deste trabalho, atrav?s da realiza??o de entrevistas semiestruturadas com atores uruguaios de diversas ?reas, fundamentais para o desenvolvimento do modelo de regula??o, pretende apresentar como foi constru?do o caminho at? a lei de regula??o, assim como quais s?o as perspectivas dos informantes acerca do modelo e suas expectativas com a nova pol?tica de drogas desenvolvida pelo pa?s em rela??o ? cannabis.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:13:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006- Renata Leite Pinto do Nascimento.pdf: 1499423 bytes, checksum: 2beeba76f44bb2141bae639fc03dea40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-06 / During the 1990 s the transnational companies increased their investments in the South Cone, encouraged by laws that stimulated new foreign investments, privatizations, more flexible contractual arrangements, deregulation of some markets and prices liberalization. The reactivation of most economies in the 1990 s also helped to attract investments, along with the perspective of long-term growth in the region. Together, these elements stimulated the participation and repositioning of the transnational companies. The deregulation and the privatizations caused a new microsectorial phenomenon of energy type integration through the integration of the gas, electricity and derivates sectors. The regulating risks have shown to be very present over the last years, so one company that wishes to expand its businesses in natural gas in the South Cone shall have to know more and more the markets and the regulating uncertainties of each one of the Countries, so that its decision making does not seem unfeasible in the long term. Therefore, it is important that the economic agents that act in this sector try to expand their knowledge and develop investment decision models that take into account the multiple variables of the macro-environment and with special attention, the regulating variables. In face of such conjuncture, we propose a analytical framework of investment decision that is capable of monitoring the macro-environment and the sectorial environment variables. In that context, this article is aimed at creating a theoretical and empirical framework mapping the sensitivities about regulatory risk, which aids the investors in their decision process. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter will define the theoretical bases the thesis; the second chapter presents the present conjuncture and future perspectives of the world s natural gas; the third part discusses the regulatory issue of the natural gas in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia and Chile; and in the fourth part, we developed an analytical framework about investment decisions in natural gas in the Southern Cone. / Durante os anos noventa do s?culo passado, as empresas transnacionais aumentaram os seus investimentos no Cone Sul, encorajadas por leis que incentivavam novos investimentos estrangeiros, privatiza??es, arranjos contratuais mais flex?veis, desregulamenta??o de alguns mercados e liberaliza??o de pre?os. A perspectiva de reativa??o de crescimento de longo prazo da maioria das economias nos anos 1990 tamb?m ajudou a atrair investimentos. Juntos, estes elementos estimularam a participa??o e o reposicionamento das empresas transnacionais. A desregulamenta??o e as privatiza??es deram origem a um novo fen?meno microsetorial de integra??o energ?tica atrav?s da integra??o dos setores de g?s, eletricidade e derivados. As mudan?as implementadas no per?odo compreendido entre as d?cadas dos anos 1980 e 1990 n?o foram suficientes para uma solidifica??o das institui??es, que se apresentam vol?teis e inst?veis, gerando grandes preocupa??es e perdas financeiras para os agentes econ?micos que acreditaram e acreditam no potencial da regi?o. N?o obstante, os riscos regulat?rios se mostraram muito presentes nos ?ltimos anos. Dessa forma uma empresa que queira expandir os seus neg?cios em g?s natural no Cone Sul, ter? que, cada vez mais, conhecer os mercados e as incertezas regulat?rias de cada um dos pa?ses, para que a sua tomada de decis?o n?o se mostre invi?vel no longo prazo. Dessa forma, ? importante que os agentes econ?micos que atuam neste setor busquem ampliar o seu conhecimento e desenvolvam modelos de decis?o de investimentos que levem em considera??o as diversas vari?veis do macroambiente e com especial aten??o as vari?veis regulat?rias. Neste contexto esta tese tem como objetivo criar um arcabou?o te?rico e emp?rico mapeando as sensibilidades sobre risco regulat?rio que auxilie aos investidores e tomadores de decis?o com rela??o a investimento em g?s natural no Cone Sul. Para tal, partimos da an?lise dos impactos gerados pelo processo de mudan?a institucional do setor energ?tico e os seus rebatimentos na ind?stria de g?s natural. Avaliamos os impactos dessas mudan?as no que diz respeito ?s decis?es de investimento. Tamb?m procuramos apresentar a import?ncia da regula??o como um componente de decis?o de investimentos dos agentes privados. O suporte te?rico da tese ? dado por uma vis?o institucionalista, que ? totalmente aderente ao tema proposto. Trabalhamos com os denominados Novos Te?ricos Institucionalistas, utilizamos os estudos dos novos institucionalistas sobre direito de propriedade, custos de transa??o, contratos, e a import?ncia das institui??es como forma de criar um ambiente com maior estabilidade de regras quando estes analisam a teoria do custo de transa??o e a import?ncia dos contratos como forma de blindar as incertezas do ambiente de neg?cio.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2016-10-14T17:51:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Sandra Aparecida Kitakawa Lima.pdf: 2432759 bytes, checksum: 507c18959779e5fc9eea3cc4761ef0f3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-14T17:51:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015 - Sandra Aparecida Kitakawa Lima.pdf: 2432759 bytes, checksum: 507c18959779e5fc9eea3cc4761ef0f3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-21 / CNPq / Based on the survey conducted in a rural settlement field research of agrarian reform and ?quilombo? community in the municipality of Camamu - Bahia, we initially follow the emergence of claims and justification of the residents themselves in situations of disputes and uncertainties facing the government, or rather, the needs and difficulties, which they configured in collective issues being publicly exposed and problematize in public scenes. From two different contexts, we try to understand how the actors obtained (or not) the attention and public responses and the different moralities driven to justify their actions and attitudes towards each other, to build speeches about their feelings of justice or even to guide their performances. Although they were visible and recognized to some extent by the state and its institutions that did not mean that their unique problems were addressed and resolved by public "prioritiy" actions directed to agrarian reform beneficiary public and quilombo communities. On the contrary, they faced with enormous difficulties of enforcement of legal provisions and public policies to their particularities, in addition to multiple costs derived of the claims that, in principle, are rights defined by the Constitution. Thus, the conformation of collective life in daily life, which rests on different concrete practices conducted by a multiplicity of logic and feelings, which allows a "common citizen" to be set up as a "subject of law". / Com base na pesquisa de campo realizada em um assentamento rural de reforma agr?ria e uma comunidade quilombola, no munic?pio de Camamu ? Bahia, acompanhamos inicialmente a emerg?ncia das reivindica??es e justificativas dos pr?prios moradores frente a situa??es de disputas e incertezas na rela??o com o poder p?blico, ou melhor, das necessidades e dificuldades, que se configuravam em quest?es coletivas sendo expostas e problematizadas nas cenas p?blicas. A partir de dois contextos distintos, buscamos compreender de que forma os atores captavam (ou n?o) a aten??o e respostas p?blicas aos problemas vivenciados, bem como as diferentes moralidades acionadas a fim de justificar suas a??es e atitudes face ao outro, de construir discursos sobre seus sentimentos de justi?a ou mesmo de guiar suas performances. Embora fossem vis?veis e reconhecidos, em certa medida, pelo Estado e suas institui??es, isso n?o significava que seus problemas singulares fossem tratados e solucionados por a??es p?blicas ?priorit?rias? direcionadas aos p?blicos de reforma agr?ria e comunidades quilombolas. Ao contr?rio, defrontavam-se com enormes dificuldades de efetiva??o dos dispositivos legais e das pol?ticas p?blicas direcionadas ?s suas particularidades, al?m dos m?ltiplos custos decorrentes das reivindica??es que, a princ?pio, s?o direitos definidos pela Constitui??o Federal. Assim, a conforma??o da vida coletiva no cotidiano, a qual se repousa em diferentes pr?ticas concretas conduzidas por uma multiplicidade de l?gicas e sentimentos, que permite um ?cidad?o comum? se configurar como um ?sujeito de direito?

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-01-24T18:53:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Paulo Rodrigues Fernandes Pereira.pdf: 6898649 bytes, checksum: a748ed315051e906a62367f6bb6f07d1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-24T18:53:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Paulo Rodrigues Fernandes Pereira.pdf: 6898649 bytes, checksum: a748ed315051e906a62367f6bb6f07d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-10-14 / CAPES / L'objectif de cette th?se est d'analyser la cha?ne de production du soja sous l'?il critique des transformations qui se produisent dans l'environnement productif avec l'entr?e de nouveaux acteurs et comment la dynamique du financement de la production et les facteurs physiques transforment l'environnement. L'approche th?orique de cette th?se est bas?e sur l'approche des r?gimes alimentaires qui se sont apparemment reconfigur?s eux-m?mes, non plus bas?s sur un pays, mais apparemment sur les grandes entreprises, qui se positionnent non seulement en un lieu, mais ? travers plusieurs continents, absorbant de chacun caract?ristiques locales qui permettront un avantage concurrentiel global. Analyser les cha?nes de valeur mondiales et les cha?nes de produits mondiaux, en identifiant comment les forces qui op?rent sur ce march? sont transform?es et ? travers les diff?rents mod?les de financement, d'?tablissement des co?ts, d'investissement et de commercialisation; L'occupation des zones a de nouvelles caract?ristiques. L'intention est d'identifier qui sont ces nouveaux acteurs et comment ils affectent le sc?nario des acteurs dominants. Quelques outils simples ont transform? le march? et attir? des capitaux financiers de divers endroits, y compris les march?s mondiaux, pour financer et autonomiser les producteurs ruraux. Cette ?tude a fonctionn? avec l'hypoth?se que la restructuration de la cha?ne de production de soja ouvrirait une attente pour les nouveaux entrants. Le r?sultat de cette th?se montre un affaiblissement des grands acteurs ABCD, qui, m?me en maintenant leur h?g?monie, sont affaiblis par les mouvements d'acteurs nouveaux, en particulier les Japonais et les Chinois, qui sont venus au Br?sil avec un d?sir de reconfiguration de ces zones, agissant d'abord discr?tement, Mais incisive dans l'approvisionnement en mati?res premi?res, la production, le concassage, la transformation et l'exportation. / The objective of this thesis is to analyze the soybean production chain under the critical eye of the transformations that are taking place in the productive environment, with the entry of new actors, and how the dynamics of production financing and physical factors are transforming the environment. The theoretical approach of this thesis is based on the approach of food regimes, which seemingly reconfigured themselves, no longer based on a country, but apparently on large corporations, that position themselves not only in one place, but across several continents, absorbing from each place the characteristics that will permit a global competitive advantage. Analyzing the Global Value Chains and Global Commodity Chains, identifying how the forces that operate in this market are transformed and through the various models of financing, for costing, investment and commercialization; The occupation of the areas has new characteristics. The intention is identifying who these new actors are and how they affect the scenario of the dominant actors. Some simple tools transformed the market and attracted financial capital from various locations, including global ones, to finance and empower rural producers. This study worked with the hypothesis that the restructure of the soybean production chain would open an expectation for new entrants. The result of this thesis points to a weakening of the great actors ABCD, that, even maintaining their hegemony, are weakened by new actors movements, especially the Japanese and Chinese, who came to Brazil with a reconfiguration desire of these areas, initially acting discreetly, but incisive in raw materials supply, production, crushing, processing and export. / O objetivo desta tese ? analisar a cadeia produtiva da soja sob o olhar cr?tico das transforma??es que vem ocorrendo no ambiente produtivo, com a entrada de novos atores, e como a din?mica do financiamento da produ??o e dos fatores f?sicos est? transformando o ambiente. A abordagem te?rica desta tese parte da abordagem dos regimes alimentares, que aparentemente se reconfiguram, n?o mais baseados num pa?s, mas aparentemente nas grandes corpora??es que se posicionam n?o apenas num local, mas ao longo de v?rios continentes, absorvendo de cada local as caracter?sticas que lhe permitir?o um diferencial competitivo globalmente. Faz-se a an?lise das Cadeias Globais de Valor e Cadeias Globais de Commodities, identificando como as for?as que atuam neste mercado se transformam e atrav?s dos diversos modelos de financiamento, para o custeio, investimento e comercializa??o; o espa?o tem novas caracter?sticas. Pretende-se identificar quem s?o estes novos atores e como eles afetam o cen?rio dos atores dominantes. Algumas ferramentas simples transformaram o mercado e atra?ram o capital financeiro de diversos locais, inclusive globais, para financiar e empoderar o produtor rural. Trabalhou-se com a hip?tese que a reestrutura??o da cadeia produtiva da soja abriria uma expectativa para novos entrantes. O resultado desta tese aponta para um enfraquecimento dos grandes atores ABCD, que apensar de n?o perderem a hegemonia, ficam enfraquecidos com os novos movimentos de entrada de atores, em especial os japoneses e chineses que chegam ao Brasil com vontade de reconfigurar estes espa?os, atuando de maneira inicialmente discreta, mas incisiva no fornecimento de mat?rias-primas, produ??o, esmagamento, processamento e exporta??o.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-11-22T20:29:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AnneEmiliaCostaCarvalho_TESE.pdf: 3379749 bytes, checksum: 9cca5d6710d5607cf545e0d729f057e2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-11-23T20:53:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AnneEmiliaCostaCarvalho_TESE.pdf: 3379749 bytes, checksum: 9cca5d6710d5607cf545e0d729f057e2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-23T20:53:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnneEmiliaCostaCarvalho_TESE.pdf: 3379749 bytes, checksum: 9cca5d6710d5607cf545e0d729f057e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-07 / No Brasil, alguns dos problemas cr?ticos do setor de saneamento b?sico s?o o relevante d?ficit de acesso aos servi?os de abastecimento de ?gua e esgotamento sanit?rio, a dificuldade dos prestadores de servi?os de ?gua e esgoto (PSAEs) de executarem investimentos e a presen?a de inefici?ncias de opera??o e manuten??o. Como alternativa para superar essas quest?es, o novo marco regulat?rio, institu?do em 2007, fortaleceu a regula??o e estabeleceu, entre seus objetivos regulat?rios, a universaliza??o do acesso e a efici?ncia dos sistemas. Nesse sentido, a presente tese busca analisar o impacto da regula??o sobre a efici?ncia dos PSAEs no Brasil. Para tanto, foi configurado um modelo de an?lise envolt?ria de dados (DEA), in?dito para o setor, que permite a avalia??o da efici?ncia din?mica global e das estruturas internas dos PSAEs, por meio de uma rede composta por 3 divis?es interligadas para refletir os objetivos regulat?rios: 1) Expans?o/Melhoria de Sistemas de Abastecimento de ?gua (SAA); 2) Expans?o/Melhoria de Sistemas de Esgotamento Sanit?rio (SES); e 3) Opera??o/Manuten??o de SAA e SES. Aplicou-se o modelo DEA Network Din?mico para 156 PSAEs, no per?odo de 2006 a 2015, e os resultados indicaram baixos n?veis de efici?ncia global. A divis?o de Expans?o/Melhoria de SAA obteve os melhores escores m?dios de efici?ncia, seguida pela divis?o de Opera??o/Manuten??o de SAA e SES e pela divis?o de Expans?o/Melhoria de SES. Os PSAEs regulados apresentaram melhores m?dias de efici?ncia no caso das divis?es de Expans?o/Melhoria de SAA e Opera??o/Manuten??o de SAA e SES. Na segunda etapa da pesquisa, uma an?lise de conte?do das normas de 52 reguladores identificou a presen?a de incentivos regulat?rios em seis categorias tem?ticas propostas: 1) Regime tarif?rio; 2) Atualiza??o de n?veis tarif?rios; 3) Expans?o e melhoria dos sistemas; 4) Condi??es gerais e qualidade da presta??o dos servi?os; 5) Gest?o empresarial; e 6) Transpar?ncia e responsabiliza??o. A an?lise destas categorias de incentivos revelou mudan?as na forma de atua??o dos reguladores ao longo do tempo e apontou fragilidades, como a baixa utiliza??o de metas regulat?rias e mecanismos tarif?rios de indu??o ? efici?ncia. A identifica??o de incentivos regulat?rios tamb?m permitiu a constru??o de um conjunto de vari?veis representativas da regula??o, que foram aplicadas nos modelos de dados em painel para aferi??o do impacto da regula??o sobre a efici?ncia dos PSAEs. Os resultados obtidos na ?ltima etapa de an?lise permitiram a confirma??o da hip?tese central da tese, de que reguladores atuantes, quanto ? defini??o de mecanismos de incentivos, impactam positivamente a efici?ncia dos PSAEs no Brasil. As novas vari?veis, em conjunto com a an?lise espec?fica para cada uma das divis?es do modelo DEA Network Din?mico, ampliou a discuss?o acerca do impacto da regula??o sob a perspectiva da aplica??o de diferentes estrat?gias regulat?rias, demonstrando que a escolha de incentivos regulat?rios, a intensidade da aplica??o desses incentivos e, at? mesmo, o n?mero de entidades reguladoras atuantes, s?o aspectos decisivos para a efici?ncia dos PSAEs. / In Brazil, some of the critical problems of the sanitation sector are the relevant deficit of water and sewage services, the difficulty of water and sewerage companies (WaSCs) to carry out investments and the existence of operating and maintenance inefficiencies. As an alternative to overcome these issues, the new regulatory framework, enacted in 2007, strengthened regulation and established among its regulatory objectives the universal access and water and sewerage systems efficiency. In this sense, this thesis aims to analyze the impact of regulation on the WaSCs efficiency in Brazil. To this end, we configured a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model unprecedented for the sector, which allows the evaluation of the overall dynamic efficiency and it also allows the evaluation of internal structures efficiency of WaSCs, through a network consisting of 3 interconnected divisions to reflect the regulatory objectives: 1) Expansion/Improvement of Water System; 2) Expansion/Improvement of Sewerage System; and 3) Operation/Maintenance of Water and Sewerage Systems. We ran a Dynamic and Network DEA model for 156 WaSCs in the period 2006-2015 and the results indicated low levels of overall efficiency. The Expansion/Improvement of Water System division achieved the best average efficiency scores, followed by the Operation/Maintenance of Water and Sewerage Systems division and the Expansion/Improvement of Sewerage System division. Regulated WaSCs presented better efficiency measures in the case of Expansion/Improvement of Water System and Operation/Maintenance of Water and Sewerage Systems divisions. In the second stage of the research, a content analysis of the standards issued by 52 regulators identified the presence of regulatory incentives in six proposed thematic categories: 1) Tariff regime; 2) Updating tariffs levels; 3) Systems expansion and improvement; 4) General standards and quality of services provision; 5) Management; and 6) Transparency and accountability. The content analysis of these incentives categories revealed changes in regulators strategies over time and indicated weaknesses, such as a low use of regulatory goals and tariff mechanisms that induce efficiency and productivity gains. The identification of regulatory incentives also allowed the construction of a set of variables capable to represent the regulation, that we applied on panel data models to assess the impact of regulation on WaSCs efficiency. The results obtained in the last stage of analysis allowed confirmation of the central hypothesis of this thesis, that active regulators, regarding the definition of incentive mechanisms, positively impact the WaSCs efficiency in Brazil. The new variables, along with a specific analysis for each Dynamic and Network DEA model division, broaden a discussion about the impact of regulation from a perspective of applying different regulatory strategies, demonstrating that choice of regulatory incentives, the intensity of these incentives and even the number of active regulators are decisive for the WaSCs efficiency.

Submitted by Gustavo Gomes (gustavolascasas@gmail.com) on 2013-11-12T12:16:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Regula????o e desempenho de servi??os p??blicos em regime de concess??o.pdf: 12414617 bytes, checksum: baeb55ebaa9a6b037cc50d7240b32e4a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Roger Guedes (roger.guedes@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2013-11-13T18:20:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Regula????o e desempenho de servi??os p??blicos em regime de concess??o.pdf: 12414617 bytes, checksum: baeb55ebaa9a6b037cc50d7240b32e4a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-11-13T18:20:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Regula????o e desempenho de servi??os p??blicos em regime de concess??o.pdf: 12414617 bytes, checksum: baeb55ebaa9a6b037cc50d7240b32e4a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / - / O desenvolvimento do transporte ferrovi??rio no Brasil teve diferentes fases, que foram marcadas por distintas formas de participa????o do Estado na provis??o e regula????o desse servi??o p??blico (incluindo o per??odo em que o mesmo acumulou as duas fun????es, entre as d??cadas de 1950 e 1990). Os graves problemas estruturais e financeiros que atingiram o sistema ferrovi??rio brasileiro a partir da d??cada de 1980 levaram o setor a ser privatizado na d??cada seguinte. Nesse ??nterim, a desestatiza????o do sistema ferrovi??rio brasileiro acompanhou uma tend??ncia internacional de privatiza????o e desregulamenta????o de setores de infraestrutura, o que ocorreu no rastro das reformas de orienta????o neoliberal promovidas ap??s a deflagra????o da crise do Estado na d??cada de1970. Nesse novo contexto, a regula????o deve, fundamentalmente, ter a miss??o de incentivar e garantir os investimentos necess??rios, proteger os usu??rios, promover o bem-estar da sociedade e aumentar a efici??ncia da presta????o desse servi??o p??blico. Nesse sentido, a reestrutura????o do sistema ferrovi??rio brasileiro implicou no estabelecimento de um marco regulat??rio, que, atualmente, vem sendo revisado e aperfei??oado. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo mais geral analisar a rela????o entre a regula????o (especialmente o marco regulat??rio) do transporte ferrovi??rio de cargas brasileiro e o desenvolvimento do setor no per??odo p??s-privatiza????es. Nesse sentido, s??o examinados os alcances e limites do marco regulat??rio, institu??do no bojo das privatiza????es, no que tange ?? promo????o dos objetivos e fins pretendidos com a regula????o do servi??o p??blico de transporte ferrovi??rio de cargas, quais sejam garantir a viabilidade econ??mica da atividade, criar condi????es para investimentos em melhoria e expans??o de sua presta????o e, notadamente, assegurar a observ??ncia do interesse p??blico no que diz respeito ao padr??o de oferta (em termos de regularidade, efici??ncia e de aumento da produ????o e da qualidade da oferta). Constatou-se que a regula????o p??sprivatiza????o foi capaz de viabilizar a consecu????o de alguns avan??os importantes em termos de aumento global da produ????o ferrovi??ria e da seguran??a do transporte ferrovi??rio de cargas (aspectos parametrizados do marco regulat??rio), mas fracassou ao n??o evitar a ocorr??ncia de distor????es como a baixa competitividade, a pouca integra????o da malha e a forte concentra????o de investimentos, de tipos de cargas transportadas e da utiliza????o efetiva da malha em poucos trechos de maior rentabilidade comercial para as empresas. A an??lise empreendida no trabalho sugere que o padr??o de oferta do transporte ferrovi??rio de cargas se aproximou muito mais dos objetivos empresariais das concession??rias, que, de acordo com a sua l??gica comercial, tendem a explorar a malha ferrovi??ria apenas nos trechos (e para o transporte das mercadorias) que lhes sejam mais rent??veis, do que do interesse p??blico, que envolve, conforme cunhado na abordagem te??rica da regula????o, a presta????o do servi??o de forma eficiente (cujos custos e benef??cios garantam o bem-estar da sociedade), em condi????es adequadas de disponibilidade e qualidade e, n??o menos importante, com vistas ?? sua expans??o e ?? modicidade das tarifas cobradas pela sua presta????o. / The development of rail transport in Brazil had different phases, which were marked by various forms of state participation in the provision and regulation of this utility (including the period in which it accumulated the two functions, between the 1950s and 1990). The severe financial and structural problems that hit Brazil's railway system from the 1980s led the industry to be privatized in the next decade. Meanwhile, the privatization of the Brazilian railway system followed an international trend of deregulation and privatization of infrastructure sectors, which occurred in the wake of neoliberal reforms promoted after the outbreak of the crisis in the state de1970 decade. In this new context, the regulation should basically have the mission to encourage and ensure the necessary investments, protect users, promote the welfare of society and increase efficiency in the delivery of public services. In this sense, the restructuring of the Brazilian railway system resulted in the establishment of a regulatory framework, which currently is being revised and improved. The present study aims to examine the relationship between regulation (especially the regulatory framework) of the Brazilian rail freight and the development of this sector in the post-privatization. Accordingly, we examine the reaches and limitations of the regulatory framework established in the wake of privatization, when it comes to promoting the goals and purpose with the regulation of public rail cargo, namely ensuring the economic viability of the activity, create conditions for investment in improving and expanding its provision and, in particular, ensure compliance with public interest as regards the standard offer (in terms of regularity, efficiency and increased production and quality of its supply). It was found that the post-privatization regulation was able to facilitate the achievement of some important advances in terms of global increased of the production and the safety of rail freight (parameterized aspects of the regulatory framework), but failed to prevent the occurrence of some distortions such as low competitiveness, poor integration of the railway network and the strong concentration of investments, types of cargo carried and the effective use of the railway network in a few rail stretch largest commercial profitability for companies. The analysis in this paper suggests that the pattern of provision of rail freight approached more of the business objectives of the concessionary companies, which, according to your business logic, tend to explore the railway only in rails stretch (and for transportation of the goods) which are more profitable, than the public interest, which involves, as coined in the theoretical approach of regulation, the provision of the utility efficiently (whose costs and benefits ensure the well-being of society), under appropriate conditions availability and quality and, not least, with a view to its expansion and the reasonableness of the fees charged for its provision. / Economia e Finan??as

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:03:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JullianeTAM_TESE_Parcial.pdf: 7138229 bytes, checksum: a06700fccf67cc2db086f62bf86db506 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / studies using UV as a source of DNA damage. However, even though unrepaired UV-induced DNA damages are related to mutagenesis, cell death and tumorigenesis, they do not explain phenotypes such as neurodegeneration and internal tumors observed in patients with syndromes like Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP) and Cockayne Syndrome (CS) that are associated with NER deficiency. Recent evidences point to a role of NER in the repair of 8-oxodG, a typical substrate of Base Excision Repair (BER). Since deficiencies in BER result in genomic instability, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, it was investigated in this research the impact of XPC deficiency on BER functions in human cells. It was analyzed both the expression and the cellular localization of APE1, OGG1 e PARP-1, the mainly BER enzymes, in different NER-deficient human fibroblasts. The endogenous levels of these enzymes are reduced in XPC deficient cells. Surprisingly, XP-C fibroblasts were more resistant to oxidative agents than the other NER deficient fibroblasts, despite presenting the highest of 8-oxodG. Furthermore, subtle changes in the nuclear and mitochondrial localization of APE1 were detected in XP-C fibroblasts. To confirm the impact of XPC deficiency in the regulation of APE1 and OGG1 expression and activity, we constructed a XPC-complemented cell line. Although the XPC complementation was only partial, we found that XPC-complemented cells presented increased levels of OGG1 than XPC-deficient cells. The extracts from XPC-complemented cells also presented an elevated OGG1 enzimatic activity. However, it was not observed changes in APE1 expression and activity in the XPCcomplemented cells. In addition, we found that full-length APE1 (37 kDa) and OGG1- ? are in the mitochondria of XPC-deficient fibroblasts and XPC-complemented fibroblasts before and after induction of oxidative stress. On the other hand, the expression of APE1 and PARP-1 are not altered in brain and liver of XPC knockout mice. However, XPC deficiency changed the APE1 localization in hypoccampus and hypothalamus. We also observed a physical interaction between XPC and APE1 proteins in human cells. In conclusion, the data suggest that XPC protein has a role in the regulation of OGG1 expression and activity in human cells and is involved mainly in the regulation of APE1 localization in mice. Aditionally, the response of NER deficient cells under oxidative stress may not be only associated to the NER deficiency per se, but it may include the new functions of NER enzymes in regulation of expression and cell localization of BER proteins / A maior parte do nosso conhecimento sobre a via de Reparo de Excis?o Nucleot?deos (NER) vem de estudos usando a luz ultravioleta (UV) como fonte de danos no DNA. Contudo, embora os danos no DNA causados pela luz UV sejam relacionados ? ocorr?ncia de mutag?nese, morte celular e tumorig?nese, eles n?o justificam fen?tipos como neurodegenera??o e tumorig?nese observados em pacientes com s?ndromes como Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP) e S?ndrome de Cockayne (CS), as quais s?o associadas ? defici?ncia na via NER. Adicionalmente, evid?ncias mais recentes indicam o envolvimento da via NER no reparo de 8-oxodG, um substrato t?pico da via de Reparo por Excis?o de Bases (BER). Uma vez que a defici?ncia na via BER resulta em instabilidade gen?mica, doen?as neurodegenerativas e c?ncer, foi investigado neste trabalho o impacto da defici?ncia em XPC nas fun??es da via BER em c?lulas humanas. Foram realizadas an?lises da express?o e da localiza??o celular de APE1, OGG1 e PARP-1, principais enzimas da via BER, em fibroblastos humanos deficientes na via NER. Os resultados demonstraram que os n?veis end?genos de APE1, PARP-1 e OGG1 s?o reduzidos nos fibroblastos deficientes em XPC, os quais foram mais resistentes a diferentes tipos de agentes oxidantes e apresentaram n?veis elevados de 8-oxodG quando comparados aos demais fibroblastos deficientes na via NER. Adicionalmente, altera??es sutis na localiza??o nuclear e mitocondrial de APE1 foram observadas nos fibroblastos deficientes em XPC. Para confirmar o impacto da defici?ncia de XPC na regula??o da express?o e atividade de APE1 e OGG1, foi constru?da uma linhagem complementada com XPC. Embora a complementa??o tenha sido parcial, foi poss?vel observar que os fibroblastos parcialmente complementados com XPC apresentaram n?veis maiores de express?o de OGG1 quando comparados aos fibroblastos deficientes em XPC. Os extratos dos fibroblastos parcialmente complementados com XPC tamb?m apresentaram uma elevada atividade enzim?tica de OGG1. Contudo, n?o foram observadas mudan?as na express?o e atividade de APE1 nos fibroblastos parcialmente complementados com XPC. Adicionalmente, foi poss?vel verificar a presen?a da forma completa de APE1 (37 kDa) e de OGG1-? na mitoc?ndria dos fibroblastos deficientes em XPC e parcialmente complementados com XPC. Por outro lado, observou-se que a express?o de APE1 e PARP-1 n?o ? alterada no c?rebro e f?gado de camundongos knockouts para XPC. Contudo, a defici?ncia em XPC resultou em mudan?as na localiza??o celular de APE1 no hipocampo e hipot?lamo. Ainda, foi observada a ocorr?ncia de uma intera??o f?sica entre as prote?nas XPC e APE1 em c?lulas humanas. Em conclus?o, os dados sugerem que a prote?na XPC possui um papel na regula??o da express?o e da atividade de OGG1 em c?lulas humanas e est? envolvida na regula??o da localiza??o celular de APE1 principalmente em camundongos. Adicionalmente, as respostas celulares dos fibroblastos deficientes na via NER ao estresse oxidativo podem n?o estar associadas ? defici?ncia na via NER per se, mas podem incluir novas fun??es das enzimas da via NER na regula??o da express?o e localiza??o celular das prote?nas da via BER / 2020-01-01

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JeanneSSL_DISSERT.pdf: 3072042 bytes, checksum: 04de68fe169b7cc85a462e0690b00058 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-22 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Increased competition in the market of urban transport, characteristic of the Brazilian cities from years 90, has required actions of the managing agencies to ensure the universality of service, enhancing efficiency and consumer welfare. It grows in the Brazilian municipalities, the need to adopt a systematic performance evaluation in terms of management system of indicators and targets appropriate to the regulatory context, which has the purpose of evaluating the accomplishment and compliance by dealers, of the services granted during the contract period, marked by increasingly long periods. The introduction of an index operational performance in permission contracts/concession in urban buses is intended to establish a regulatory performance, giving the contract a pro-competitive feature and to allow the managing agency the systematic and continuous monitoring of the performance of the delegated service to avoid major deviations from desired performance. A performance assessment model of public transportation companies by bus, and applicable to the case of Natal is proposed. Sought to add the particularities found in the transport system in order to assess the performance of enterprises, contribute to improving the service quality to the population and enable decision-makers a detailed knowledge of the behavior of the licensees / O aumento da competi??o no mercado de transporte urbano, caracter?stica das cidades brasileiras a partir dos anos 90, tem exigido a??es dos ?rg?os gestores para garantia da universaliza??o dos servi?os, do incremento da efici?ncia e bem-estar dos consumidores. Cresce nos munic?pios brasileiros, a necessidade de se adotar uma sistem?tica de avalia??o de desempenho em termos de gest?o de um sistema de indicadores e metas adequado ao contexto regulat?rio, que tenha a finalidade de avaliar a realiza??o e o cumprimento, por parte dos concession?rios, dos servi?os concedidos, durante a vig?ncia do contrato, pautado por prazos cada vez mais longos. A introdu??o de um ?ndice de desempenho operacional nos contratos de permiss?o/concess?o em ?nibus urbanos tem a finalidade de estabelecer uma regula??o de desempenho, dotando o contrato de uma fei??o pr?-competitiva e permitir ao organismo gestor o acompanhamento sistem?tico e cont?nuo da performance dos delegat?rios de modo a evitar desvios maiores de desempenhos almejados. Prop?e-se aqui um modelo de avalia??o de desempenho de empresas de transporte urbano por ?nibus, e aplic?vel ao caso de Natal. Buscou-se agregar as particularidades encontradas no sistema de transportes, de forma a aferir o desempenho das empresas, contribuir com a melhoria na qualidade do servi?o prestado ? popula??o e permitir aos decisores um conhecimento detalhado do comportamento das concession?rias