Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-20T22:05:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaMariliaDutraFerreiraDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1631709 bytes, checksum: 8048f45711d3e952c4de4d6126b4f2c9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-23T19:32:23Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaMariliaDutraFerreiraDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1631709 bytes, checksum: 8048f45711d3e952c4de4d6126b4f2c9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-23T19:32:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaMariliaDutraFerreiraDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1631709 bytes, checksum: 8048f45711d3e952c4de4d6126b4f2c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-09 / O trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a participa??o democr?tica no ?mbito da regula??o ? luz do objetivo constitucional de promo??o do desenvolvimento. Constata-se que a regula??o visa o cumprimento dos direitos fundamentais e a observ?ncia da democracia, da justi?a social, da liberdade e da dignidade da pessoa humana. A partir disso, pretende analisar a participa??o da sociedade civil na esfera regulat?ria como um dos fundamentos constitucionais para o desenvolvimento do pa?s. Para tanto, relaciona a estrutura institucional de uma na??o com o seu potencial de crescimento econ?mico e desenvolvimento, estabelecendo o conte?do jur?dico deste. Argumenta, a partir da doutrina e da hermen?utica constitucional, que a concep??o de desenvolvimento n?o se restringe a par?metros econ?micos, devendo-se considerar aspectos sociais e ambientais. Compreende que a democracia participativa ? elemento intr?nseco e instrumental do desenvolvimento. Verifica, como corol?rio, que os interesses essenciais ao desenvolvimento - mas que podem apresentar-se de maneira conflitante - devem ser sopesados no ?mbito da regula??o, a partir de uma racionalidade procedimental participativa. Visa, ainda, identificar qual o lastro constitucional a partir do qual se justifica a democratiza??o da Administra??o P?blica. Relaciona a reforma estatal - concebida em termos de descentraliza??o, consensualismo e horizontaliza??o das rela??es entre Administra??o P?blica e administrados - com uma nova perspectiva de encarar-se o interesse p?blico e o princ?pio da efici?ncia. Averigua, por fim, a participa??o da sociedade civil no ?mbito da regula??o de recursos h?dricos, notadamente na estrutura da Ag?ncia Nacional de ?guas e no caso do Comit? de Bacia Hidrogr?fica Pianc?-Piranhas-A?u. Faz-se uso do m?todo dedutivo e da pesquisa bibliogr?fica, al?m do exame dos relat?rios das audi?ncias/consultas p?blicas realizadas pela Ag?ncia Nacional de ?guas e das atas das reuni?es ordin?rias e extraordin?rias promovidas pelo Comit? de Bacia Hidrogr?fica Pianc?-Piranhas-A?u. Conclui-se que a participa??o da sociedade civil na Administra??o P?blica encontra fundamento na Constitui??o Federal. Ademais, no ?mbito da regula??o de recursos h?dricos, verifica-se que n?o se trata de uma utopia ou de um mero instrumento de ret?rica, apresentando-se muitas das vezes de forma eficiente e efetiva. No entanto, explica que ajustes devem ser feitos, a fim de solucionar alguns problemas identificados e otimizar a atua??o administrativa com vias ? consecu??o do desenvolvimento nacional. / The work presents a study on democratic participation in the scope of regulation in the light of the constitutional goal of promoting development. It is noted that the regulation aims to implement basic rights and observance of democracy, social justice, freedom and human dignity. From that, one intends to analyze the participation of civil society in the regulatory sphere as one of the constitutional foundations for the development of the country. Therefore, it relates the institutional structure of a nation with its potential for economic growth and development, establishing the legal contents of such. It argues, from the doctrine and constitutional hermeneutics, that the concept of development is not restricted to economic parameters and should consider social and environmental aspects. It understands that participatory democracy is an intrinsic and instrumental element of development. It verifies, as a corollary, that the essential interests to development - but that may be presented in a conflicting way - must be weighed in the context of regulation, from a participatory procedural rationality. It also aims to identify the constitutional ballast from which the democratization of Public Administration is justified. It relates the state reform - conceived in terms of decentralization, consensualism and horizontality of relations between Public Administration and administered people - with a new perspective of looking up the public interest and the principle of efficiency. It finally ascertains the participation of civil society in the regulation of water resources, especially in the structure of the National Water Agency-ANA and in the case of the Watershed Committee Pianc?-Piranhas-A?u. It makes use of the deductive method and literature review, as well as examines reports of the audiences/public consultations conducted by the National Water Agency and the minutes of both ordinary and extraordinary promoted by the Watershed Committee Pianc?-Piranhas-A?u. One concludes that the participation of civil society in Public Administration is one of the foundations of the Federal Constitution. Moreover, in the context of regulation of water resources, it appears that this is not a utopia or a mere rhetorical instrument, performing often efficiently and effectively. However, it explains that adjustments should be made in order to solve some problems identified and optimize administrative operations with means to the attainment of national development.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-21T00:24:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CamilaDeCarvalhoGomes_DISSERT.pdf: 580845 bytes, checksum: c4711c562aa7338ecab71f7585d2841c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-27T19:37:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CamilaDeCarvalhoGomes_DISSERT.pdf: 580845 bytes, checksum: c4711c562aa7338ecab71f7585d2841c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-27T19:37:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CamilaDeCarvalhoGomes_DISSERT.pdf: 580845 bytes, checksum: c4711c562aa7338ecab71f7585d2841c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-11-10 / O c?ncer corresponde a um grupo de v?rias doen?as que t?m em comum a prolifera??o descontrolada de c?lulas anormais e que pode ocorrer em qualquer local do organismo. Os tumores mais frequentes na inf?ncia e na adolesc?ncia s?o as Leucemias, e a Leucemia Linfobl?stica Aguda (LLA) ? a mais prevalente. A desnutri??o evidenciada nesses pacientes est? relacionada ? s?ndrome da anorexiacaquexia desencadeada pela doen?a, mas tamb?m nas altera??es do apetite, que ocorrem durante o tratamento quimioter?pico e interferem no estado nutricional bem como na resposta a terapia antineopl?sica. Embora seja reconhecida a poss?vel influ?ncia dos horm?nios relacionados ao apetite sobre as altera??es no consumo alimentar de pacientes com LLA durante o tratamento quimioter?pico, poucos estudos na literatura investigaram as altera??es hormonais em pacientes com c?ncer infantojuvenil. Diante disso, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o estado nutricional e os n?veis dos principais horm?nios relacionados ao apetite em crian?as e adolescentes portadoras de LLA na fase de indu??o do tratamento quimioter?pico. Para atingir o objetivo, foram acompanhadas 14 crian?as ou adolescentes com o diagn?stico de LLA durante os 28 dias do ciclo de indu??o do tratamento quimioter?pico. No momento basal (antes do in?cio da quimioterapia), na metade e ao final desse ciclo foram realizadas avalia??es de estado nutricional antropom?trico, do consumo alimentar e diet?tico sob a forma de registro alimentar pesado, e dos marcadores bioqu?micos e hormonais. Foram avaliados os seguintes horm?nios relacionados ao apetite: leptina, grelina, insulina e cortisol. A maioria dos pacientes apresentava eutrofia no in?cio do tratamento, e este diagn?stico n?o foi alterado de forma significativa durante o ciclo de indu??o. O consumo alimentar e diet?tico apresentou um aumento ao longo do ciclo, especialmente em rela??o ao consumo de prote?nas e lip?deos do in?cio at? o final do tratamento. Em rela??o aos par?metros bioqu?micos, observou-se aumento significativo nos par?metros das plaquetas e na transaminase glut?mica pir?vica, assim como redu??o significativa nas concentra??es de glicemia, creatinina e o s?dio. Sobre os horm?nios relacionados ao apetite, registrou-se altera??o estatisticamente significativa apenas na concentra??o de grelina, que apresentou um aumento entre os momentos basal e meio do ciclo (p=0,027), mas n?o do meio para o final do ciclo. Em conclus?o, o per?odo de indu??o do tratamento da LLA provocou um aumento no consumo de energia e nutrientes, assim como um aumento na concentra??o de grelina, mas sem repercuss?o sobre o estado antropom?trico dos pacientes ou nos outros horm?nios relacionados ao apetite. / Cancer is a group of several diseases that have in common an uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells, and it can occur at anywhere in the body. The most frequent tumors in childhood and adolescence are the leukemias, and the Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most prevalent. The evidenced malnutrition in these patients is related to anorexia-cachexia syndrome triggered by the disease, but also on changes in appetite, which occur during chemotherapy and interfere in the nutritional status as well as in response to antineoplasic therapy. Although it recognized a possible influence of hormones related to appetite on the changes in food consumption of ALL patients during chemotherapy, few studies have investigated the hormonal changes in patients with childhood cancers. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status and levels of key hormones related to appetite in children and adolescents with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) in the induction phase of chemotherapy. For this purpose, it was assessed 14 children/adolescents diagnosed with ALL during the 28 days of induction chemotherapy cycle. At baseline (prior to initiation of chemotherapy), in the middle and at the end of this cycle were performed anthropometric measurement, weighted food record 24 hours and biochemical and hormone levels were obtained. It were evaluated the following hormones related to appetite: leptin, ghrelin, insulin and cortisol. Most patients had normal weight at the beginning of treatment which did not change significantly during the induction cycle. The dietary intake increased over the cycle, particularly in relation to proteins and lipids intake from the beginning to the end of treatment. Platelet levels and transaminase glutamic pyruvic significantly increased, and a significant reduction in blood glucose, creatinine and sodium levels were observed. Regarding appetite hormones, ghrelin significantly increased between the baseline and the half of the cycle (p = 0.027), but not through the end. In conclusion, the ALL treatment induction period caused an increase in energy and nutrients intake, as well as an increase in the concentration of ghrelin, but no impact on the anthropometric status of patients or in other hormones related to appetite.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BERENICE VICTOR CARNEIRO.pdf: 3590625 bytes, checksum: c12256d2735ce90af0df41e15e96a213 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-02-15 / The aim of this study was to analyze psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Observer Alexithymia Scale (OAS) by estimating its internal consistency, test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability; construct validity through factorial analysis, criteria validity and convergent validity in a clinical population with substance dependence or abuse. The OAS is a brief observer report designed to be used by clinicians as well as patient s relatives and acquaintances, to identify Alexithymia according to 5 dimensions: distant, uninsightful, somatizing, humorless, and rigid. It is composed of 33 items rated on a 4-point Likert scale, ranging from 0 (never, not at all like the person) to 3 (all of the time, completely like the person). Data were gathered at an outpatient public service for substance dependence and a non-profit religious inpatient institution also for substance dependence. The sample was comprised of three groups: G1 - 200 relatives or acquaintances of substance dependence and abusers (alcohol=46.5%; drugs=53.5 %), aged from 18 to 82 (M = 48, SD = 12), both sexes (F=88%; M=12%); G2 39 outpatients at the public service for substance dependence or abuse (alcohol=66,6%; drugs=33,3%), both sexes (F=15.3%; M=84.6%); G3 9 clinicians at the public service (clinical experience ranging from 1-15 years). Reliability studies suggested good internal consistency and temporal stability of the scale for both G1 (alpha = .83; rs = .79) and G3 (alpha= .85; rs= .80), but low inter-rater reliability when scored by relatives and clinicians (rs = .14). The OAS s exploratory factor analysis suggested a structure of 5 dimensions (48% total variance) as the original one, and 30 items with a minimum factor loadings of .40. When the degree of alexithymia was estimated as a criteria, the study indicated that relatives do not view those with substance dependence differently (p = 0.16) according to type of dependence (alcohol or drugs). For the convergent study, G2 participants completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) and the scores were compared against OAS-30, according to G1 and G3. Results suggested a negligible association (rs = .29; p >0.05) between TAS-22 and OAS, according to G1 and a lack of association (rs = -.18; p >0.20) between TAS-22 and OAS-30 scored by G3, suggesting that both scales would be measuring different constructs. The Portuguese version of the OAS-30 demonstrated good internal consistency and temporal stability. Its structure seems to be compatible to the original one, but a few items need revision, especially on factor 4. Some considerations will be made regarding the educational level of respondents, as well as the degree of acquaintance with the person who is substance dependent. / O estudo analisou propriedades psicom?tricas da vers?o brasileira da Observer Alexithymia Scale (OAS). Foram estimadas, a consist?ncia interna, precis?o por testereteste e precis?o entre avaliadores; validade de construto por meio de an?lise da estrutura fatorial, validade de crit?rio e validade convergente, em popula??o cl?nica por abuso ou depend?ncia de sust?ncias psicoativas. A OAS ? uma escala breve para uso do profissional cl?nico assim como pessoas que conhecem bem o paciente, para diagnosticar alexitimia segundo cinco dimens?es: distanciamento, sem insight, somatiza??o, sem gra?a e rigidez. ? composta de 33 itens que devem ser respondidos atrav?s de uma escala Likert de 4 pontos, sendo o grau de intensidade indicado pela escolha entre 0 (nunca, em nada parecido) e 3 (todo o tempo, totalmente parecido). Os dados foram coletados em servi?o p?blico ambulatorial para dependentes de subst?ncia e uma institui??o sem fins lucrativos, com v?nculo religioso, para o tratamento residencial da depend?ncia de subst?ncia. A amostra foi composta de tr?s grupos: G1 200 familiares ou amigos (F=88%; M=12%) de dependentes ou que abusam de subst?ncia (?lcool=46,5% e drogas=53,5%); G2 39 dependentes de subst?ncia (?lcool=66,6%; drogas=33,3%), ambos os sexos (F=15,3%; M=84,6%) em tratamento no servi?o ambulatorial e G3 nove terapeutas do servi?o ambulatorial com experi?ncia cl?nica entre 1 e 15 anos. Os estudos de consist?ncia interna e precis?o indicaram que a OAS possui boa consist?ncia interna, tanto entre os participantes do G1 (alfa = 0,83) quanto do G3 (alfa = 0,85) e boa estabilidade temporal (rs = 0,79; rs = 0,80), mas baixa precis?o entre avaliadores quando avaliada por familiares e profissionais (rs = 0,14). A an?lise fatorial explorat?ria indicou uma estrutura com 5 dimens?es (vari?ncia total = 48%) e 30 itens com cargas fatoriais m?nimas de 0,40, reproduzindo a estrutura da escala original. Na validade de crit?rio, o grau de alexitimia foi estudado em fun??o do tipo de depend?ncia (?lcool ou drogas qu?micas), tomado como medida de crit?rio. N?o se observou rela??o entre o tipo de depend?ncia e alexitimia avaliada pela OAS-30 (p = 0,16). Para o estudo de validade convergente, os participantes do G2 completaram a Escala de Alexitimia de Toronto (TAS-22). Os resultados sugerem muito baixa associa??o entre os escores da TAS-22 e a OAS-30 avaliada pelo G1 (rs = 0,29; p >0,05) e entre a TAS-22 e a OAS-30, completada pelo G3 (rs = -0,18; p >0,20), indicando que as escalas estariam medindo diferentes construtos. Os resultados apontam que a OAS-30 det?m boa precis?o e que a estrutura fatorial ? compat?vel com a vers?o original. No entanto, h? necessidade de revis?o de alguns itens, especialmente no Fator 4. Considera??es a respeito da influ?ncia do n?vel de escolaridade do respondente, assim como o n?vel de familiaridade do respondente com o dependente de subst?ncia psicoativa s?o realizadas.

Submitted by Maria Cristina (library@lncc.br) on 2016-07-26T18:17:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_Guadalupe.pdf: 5892761 bytes, checksum: 9a6c47b2178d06291169a8b17c75506c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Cristina (library@lncc.br) on 2016-07-26T18:17:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_Guadalupe.pdf: 5892761 bytes, checksum: 9a6c47b2178d06291169a8b17c75506c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T17:53:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_Guadalupe.pdf: 5892761 bytes, checksum: 9a6c47b2178d06291169a8b17c75506c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes) / This work presents an integrative strategy of transcriptional regulatory networks (TRN) and automated learning systems Veiga et al. (2008), which is considered innovative for use in RNA-seq data (cDNA sequencing), in order to predict new regulatory interactions to be incorporated in a given TRN of prokaryote. The model in progress has been applied in the specie gram-negative bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae KP13 (after KP13), this bacteria is an opportunistic pathogen of the species Klebsiella Pneumoniae where most isolates were associated with nosocomial infections of the respiratory and urinary tract. Thus it is a bacterium of great clinical importance, especially for the production of _-lactamases broad spectrum (ESBLs), which will resist even the most modern antibiotics, into the frame of multiresistant bacteria. His appearance date from the year 2006, but the hospital outbreak caused by this bacteria was reported in 2009 as described in Custodio F. (2015); Ramos (2012). Initially, we describe two procedures: i) Treament and exploitation of RNAseq data; and ii) the reconstruction of the draft TRN or KP13 TRN base that integrates network information known from K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae MGH 78578, databases containing prokaryotes regulons (RegPrecise, Prodonet and UniProt), and regulatory interactions cured manually. Following, we describe the decomposition of KP13 TRN base on two kinds of motifs: feed-forward (FF) and bi-fan (BF), because these motifs appear as clusters of transcription factors (TFs) and target genes Veiga et al. (2008); Ramos et al. (2016). Then we describe the transformation of the expression data in statistical terms associated with motifs FF and the construction of the motif FF classi_er using a multilayer perceptron (MLP) as model of arti_cial neural network (ANN), and Support Vector Machines (SVM). Therefore, with the prediction and analysis of motifs FF obtained by the two methods, it would be possible to infer new regulatory interactions which enhance the TRN, especially interactions between genes associated with antibiotic resistance. / Este trabalho, apresenta uma estratégia integrativa de redes de regulação transcricional (TRN: do inglês transcriptional regulatory network) e sistemas de aprendizagem automatizado Veiga et al. (2008), a qual é considerada inovadora para aplicação em dados de RNA-seq (sequenciamento de cDNA). Nosso intuito é o predizer novas interações regulatórias a serem incorporadas em uma dada TRN de procarioto. O modelo em andamento vem sendo aplicado na bactéria gram-negativa Kleb- siella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae KP13 (ap_os KP13), trata-se de um patógeno oportunista da espécie Klebsiella Pneumoniae, onde a maioria dos isolados estariam associadas a infecções nosocomiais do trato respiratório e urinário. Assim trata-se de uma bactéria de grande importância clínica principalmente pela produção de lactamases de amplo espectro (ESBLs), as quais lhe conferem resistência até aos antibióticos mais modernos, entrando no quadro de bactérias multirresistentes. Sua aparição data desde o ano 2006, mas o surto hospitalar causado por esta bactéria foi relatado no ano 2009 como descrito em Custodio F. (2015); Ramos (2012). Inicialmente, são descritos dois procedimentos: i) O tratamento e exploração de dados de RNA-seq; e ii) a reconstrução da rede referência de KP13 que integra informações da rede conhecida de K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae MGH 78578, bancos de dados de regulons de procariotos (RegPrecise, Prodonet e Uniprot), e interações regulatórias curadas manualmente. A seguir, descreve-se a decomposição da TRN de KP13 base em dois tipos de motivos: feed-forward (FF) e bi-fan (BF), devido a que estes motivos aparecem como clusters entre fatores de transcrição (FTs) e genes alvo Veiga et al. (2008); Ramos et al. (2016). Após é descrita a transformação dos dados de expressão em termos estatísticos associados aos motivos FF, e a construção do classificador dos mesmos usando uma rede neural artificial (ANN) perceptron multicamada e Máquinas de Vetores de Suporte (SVM). Portanto, com a predição e análise dos motivos FF obtidos pelas duas metodologias, se permitiria inferir novas interações regulatórias que enriqueçam a TRN, em especial interações entre genes relacionados com a resistência a antibióticos.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-10-30T18:18:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Lilyan Guimar?es Berlim.pdf: 8659835 bytes, checksum: 7c1a0bff7a0ddc1e839d674f71b6cc82 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-30T18:18:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Lilyan Guimar?es Berlim.pdf: 8659835 bytes, checksum: 7c1a0bff7a0ddc1e839d674f71b6cc82 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-30 / CAPES / The fashion and textile industry is one of the largest business segment in the world. However, this segment has been the subject of ethics, aesthetics and environmental criticism, especially so-called "fast fashion", a high-speed production system, integrated with information technology, which manages releases, sales, inventory and manufacturing clothes, turning datasheets of garments in a finished product within points of sale in a few days. The fast fashion phemomenon settled in the fashion industry in the last decades of the twentieth century as a result of the dynamics of global capitalism in search of lower cost and reduced production, time, space, distribution and sale. The fast fashion, however, has been socially criticised as it?s based on precarious work and promoting hyper consumption which leads to quick disposal of clothing, consumption of natural resources at breakneck scale and also the standardization of the body and spread a subtle homogenization of the appearance, promoted by the fashion media. The research has mapped and analysed the relationship between fashion and social criticism, with emphasis on appearance, construction and current settings of the ethical criticism and aesthetics to fast fashion. It has also mapped and analysed some answers that the market has given to such criticism, as well as alternative proposals built by various social groups, in particular the slow fashion movement: its concept, ideas and production proposals, consumption and engagement. From the politicization of consumption and macro trends that are configured as a socio-cultural background of the fashion consumption trends, we see the various forms of expression of these criticisms and seek to understand its incorporation into the market. For this, we rely on the theoretical framework of Boltanski and Chiapello (2009), which considers the incorporation of criticism as necessary to the moral justification of capitalism and its maintenance. The results indicate that the criticisms are expressed and are incorporated by fashion design professional, in consumption practices. in the pursuit of sustainable business forms, creating value associated with the shared economy, the adoption of Corporate Social Responsibility, in changes in production processes and the use of lower-impact materials. We also verified that as a way of incorporating criticism as a counterpoint to the hegemonic practices of production and consumption, the movement "slow fashion" proposes not only deceleration time of production and consumption of clothes, but also empowerment and political activism in the area of fashion design. In conclusion, the research identified as a response to criticism, the existence of changes in the sector and the growing ethicization fashion. / A moda e a ind?stria t?xtil constituem um dos maiores segmentos de neg?cios do mundo. Associadas simbioticamente, chamamos este campo de ind?stria da moda. O segmento vem sendo alvo de cr?ticas ?ticas, est?ticas e ambientais. Estas cr?ticas se dirigem, principalmente, ao que tem sido chamado de ?moda r?pida?, ou fast fashion, um sistema de produ??o de alta velocidade, integrado ?s tecnologias de informa??o, que gerencia lan?amentos, vendas, estoques e manufatura de roupas, transformando fichas t?cnicas de pe?as de vestu?rio em um produto acabado dentro de pontos de venda em poucos dias. O fast fashion ? uma consequ?ncia das din?micas do capitalismo global em busca do menor custo, em um menor espa?o de tempo de fabrica??o, distribui??o e venda, baseando-se em trabalho prec?rio (muitas vezes em condi??es an?logas ? escravid?o), na promo??o do hiperconsumo e do descarte r?pido de roupas e, consequentemente, do consumo de recursos naturais em escala vertiginosa, com impactos ambientais de grande extens?o, e, ainda, na padroniza??o do corpo e na difus?o de uma sutil homogeneiza??o do parecer, promovida pelas m?dias de moda. Tais pr?ticas se estabeleceram na moda nas ?ltimas d?cadas do s?culo XX como consequ?ncia das transforma??es do capitalismo global. A presente pesquisa mapeou e analisou as rela??es entre a moda e a cr?tica, o surgimento, a constru??o e as atuais configura??es da cr?tica ?tica e est?tica ao fast fashion e as respostas que o mercado vem dando ?s mesmas, assim como as propostas alternativas constru?das por segmentos do mercado, em especial, o movimento ?moda lenta?, ou slow fashion: seu conceito, ideias e propostas de produ??o, consumo e engajamento. A partir da an?lise da politiza??o do consumo e das macrotend?ncias, que se configuram como um pano de fundo sociocultural ?s tend?ncias de consumo, verificamos a express?o destas cr?ticas e sua incorpora??o pelo corpo social; identificamos a? uma chave explicativa para a incorpora??o das cr?ticas pelo mercado de moda, corroborando com o quadro te?rico de Boltanski e Chiapello (2009), que entende a incorpora??o das cr?ticas como necess?ria ? justifica??o moral do capitalismo e sua manuten??o. Os resultados indicaram que tanto o corpo social quanto o mercado expressam e incorporam as cr?ticas nas pr?ticas de consumo de moda; na busca por formas de novos neg?cios sustent?veis; na cria??o de valor associado ? economia compartilhada; na ado??o da Responsabilidade Socioambiental Empresarial e da ?tica nos neg?cios; nas altera??es em processos produtivos; e no uso de mat?rias primas menos impactante. Verificamos tamb?m que, como incorpora??o das cr?ticas e como contraponto ?s pr?ticas hegem?nicas de produ??o e consumo, o movimento slow fashion prop?e n?o apenas a desacelera??o do tempo de produ??o e consumo de roupas, mas tamb?m um empoderamento e ativismo pol?tico na ?rea do design de moda, tanto na produ??o quanto no consumo. A pesquisa identificou a exist?ncia de altera??es no setor em fun??o da incorpora??o das cr?ticas, em especial a crescente eticiza??o da moda.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoBC.pdf: 711234 bytes, checksum: 95128caa5dcd5f3bd752c6130990be99 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-08-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work aims to study the institucional environment for the implementation of financing policies directed to familiar agriculture. The central hypothesis is that, although all changes occured in the credit norms, in order to reduce the existing obstacles for the access of outsiders, the same institucional arrangement remains which gave support to the modernization - crystallizer of strengthening structures of this exclusion. The most relevant pressuposition is that the poor agriculturists are the most displayed to the institucional limitations. The concepts of institucional arrangements and environments used in this work had been constructed with support of the institucional school, contemplating itself the economic dimension, the organizational sociology and political science. In the relation of the institucional changes with the state performance, the theorist reading was important that reflect on the relative autonomy of the State and studious of the Brazilian State. The empirical part consisted of a research which had been applied questionnaires with benefited and non-benefited agriculturists with PRONAF B, in thirteen cities of Rio Grande do Norte. In each city, interviews with four of its main mediators had been carried out. The research results had ratified the hypothesis of the work of that the conception of the public policies does not take in account the institution role in the behavior and the choices of the individual and collective agents, inferring itself that this policy, as others, lacks of mediation that exceed the rationality of legal landmarks / Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar o ambiente institucional para a implementa??o de pol?ticas de financiamento direcionadas ? agricultura familiar. A hip?tese central ? que, apesar de todas as mudan?as ocorridas nas normas de cr?dito, no sentido de reduzir os obst?culos existentes para o acesso dos outsiders, permanece o mesmo arranjo institucional que deu apoio ? moderniza??o cristalizador de estruturas refor?adoras dessa exclus?o. O pressuposto mais relevante ? que os agricultores pobres s?o os mais expostos ?s limita??es institucionais. Os conceitos de arranjo institucional e de ambiente institucional utilizados neste trabalho foram constru?dos com apoio da escola institucional, contemplando-se a dimens?o econ?mica, a sociologia das organiza??es e a ci?ncia pol?tica. Na rela??o das mudan?as institucionais com a atua??o estatal, foi importante a leitura de te?ricos que refletem sobre a autonomia relativa do Estado e de estudiosos do Estado Brasileiro. A parte emp?rica constou de uma pesquisa em que foram aplicados question?rios com agricultores beneficiados e n?o beneficiados com o PRONAF B, em treze munic?pios do Rio Grande do Norte. Em cada munic?pio, foram realizadas entrevistas com quatro de seus principais mediadores . Os resultados da pesquisa ratificaram a hip?tese do trabalho de que a concep??o das pol?ticas p?blicas n?o leva em conta o papel das institui??es no comportamento e nas escolhas dos agentes individuais e coletivos, depreendendo-se que essa pol?tica, como outras, carece de media??es que transcendam a racionalidade dos marcos legais

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:27:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RicardoCFDJ_DISSERT.pdf: 2239139 bytes, checksum: 6274158f5866cc9d35f70c49136bffb7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-26 / This work presents an analysis about the legitimation of independent regulatory commission`s rulemaking power by participation procedure. It is observed that political and administrative decentralization and fragmentation of State, with the purpose of approaching citizens and provide, more efficiently, the functions acquired by the passage of the Welfare State, leads to a deficit of legitimacy (democratic crisis), which is noticeable in the making of legal norms by directors of independent regulatory commission to regulate specific economic sector. However, we understand that this crisis stems from the observation of the contemporary world from dogmas and legal institutions of the eighteenth century, without their evolution and adaptation to the modern world. The legitimacy must be perceived as the justification of power, relation command /obedience, which, from the Modern State, has the democracy as standard. Therefore, just as the world has evolved and demanded political and administrative decentralization to accompany him, it is necessary to the development of the idea of representative democracy (formal legitimacy) to participatory democracy (legitimacy stuff). Legitimacy is not confused with the legality: as the legality is on observance to internal legal system, the "rules of play"; legitimacy, as inputs to be fed into this system, the selection of the different expectations in the environment. Nevertheless, the legitimacy will take place by legality, through introduction of rational and communicative procedures: procedures get fundamental importance because these will be the means to select the expectations to be introduced in the legal system in order to make decisions more fair, rational and qualified towards society. Thus, it is necessary to its opening to the environment for dialogue with the government. In this context, we try to make an analysis of constitutional norms based on systematic and teleological interpretation of these norms to build these arguments. According to the Constitution of 1988, participatory democracy is a result of the democratic principle (sole paragraph of art. 1 of the Constitution), and it is an expression of citizenship and political pluralism, both foundations of Republic (respectively Art. 1st, inc . V and II of the Constitution), as well as the national consciousness. From another point of view, that principle consists of an evolution in the management public affairs (principle of Republic). The right of interested participate in the rulemaking process derives both the principle of popular participation (part of the democratic principle) and the republican principle as the due process constitutional (art. 5, LIV and LV, CF/88) and the right to petition (Art . 5 ?, inc. XXXIV, "a", CF/88), and it is the duty of the State not only be open to participation and encourage it. Ignoring stakeholder involvement in procedures and / or expressions compiled can be causes of invalidation of the rule of law produced by addiction of procedure, motive, motivation and/or because of the administrative act. Finally, we conclude that the involvement of stakeholders in the process of making rules within the independent regulatory commission is the legitimacy and the validity of rules; and that, despite of the expressions do not bind the decision making, they will enter the system as juridical fact, balancing the field of technical discretionary of agencies / O trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a legitima??o do poder normativo das ag?ncias reguladoras pelo procedimento participativo. Constata-se que a descentraliza??o fragmenta??o pol?tico-administrativa do Estado com o objetivo de se aproximar dos cidad?os e prestar, de forma mais eficiente, as fun??es adquiridas pela passagem do Estado Social ocasiona um d?ficit de legitimidade (crise democr?tica); o qual ? percept?vel na cria??o de normas jur?dicas por particulares (os dirigentes das ag?ncias reguladoras) para regular determinado setor econ?mico. No entanto, entendemos que essa crise decorre da observa??o do mundo contempor?neo a partir de dogmas e institutos jur?dicos oitocentistas, sem a sua evolu??o e adequa??o ao mundo atual. A legitimidade deve ser entendida como a justifica??o do poder; rela??o comando/obedi?ncia, a qual, a partir do Estado Moderno, tem como ?nico crit?rio a democracia. Assim, da mesma forma que o mundo evoluiu e exigiu a descentraliza??o pol?tica-administrativa para acompanh?-lo, ? necess?ria a evolu??o da ideia de democracia representativa (legitimidade formal) para a democracia participativa (legitimidade material). A legitimidade n?o se confunde com a legalidade: enquanto a legalidade consiste na observ?ncia interna ao sistema jur?dico, nas regras do jogo ; a legitimidade, nos inputs a serem introduzidos nesse sistema, na sele??o das diversas expectativas presentes no ambiente. Entretanto, a legitimidade decorrer? da legalidade, atrav?s de introdu??o de procedimentos racionais e comunicativos: os procedimentos adquirem fundamental import?ncia, pois, ser?o o meio a selecionar as expectativas a serem introduzidas no ordenamento jur?dico, no intuito de produzir decis?es mais justas, racionais e qualificadas perante a sociedade. Assim, ? necess?rio a sua abertura ao ambiente para o di?logo com o Poder P?blico. Nesse contexto, busca-se fazer uma an?lise das normas constitucionais com base na interpreta??o sistem?tica e teleol?gica dessas para construir tal argumenta??o. Conforme a Constitui??o Federal de 1988, a democracia participativa ? uma decorr?ncia do princ?pio democr?tico (par?grafo ?nico do art. 1? da CF), e ? express?o da cidadania e do pluralismo pol?tico, ambos fundamentos da Rep?blica (respectivamente art. 1?, inc. V e II, da CF), assim como da consci?ncia nacional. Sob outro ponto de vista, o princ?pio ora em comento consiste em uma evolu??o na gest?o da coisa p?blica (princ?pio da Rep?blica). O direito dos interessados participarem do processo normativo decorre tanto do princ?pio de participa??o popular (vertente do princ?pio democr?tico) e do princ?pio republicano quanto do devido processo legal constitucional (art. 5?, LIV e LV , CF/88) e o direito de peti??o (art. 5?, inc. XXXIV, a , CF/88); sendo, portanto, um dever do Estado n?o s? estar aberto ? participa??o quanto incentiv?-la. A n?o observ?ncia da participa??o dos interessados nos procedimentos e/ou das manifesta??es elaboradas pode ser causa de invalida??o da norma jur?dica produzida por v?cio no procedimento, no motivo, motiva??o e/ou causa do ato administrativo. Por fim, conclu?mos que a participa??o dos interessados no processo de cria??o normativa no ?mbito das ag?ncias reguladoras consiste na pr?pria legitimidade e, por conseguinte, validade das normas; e que, apesar das manifesta??es n?o vincularem a tomada de decis?o, elas ingressar?o no sistema como fato jur?dico, relativizando o campo de discricionariedade t?cnica das ag?ncias

Scripture is God’s Word in human language – a truth reflected over 2000years of Church history. Without this truth, proper knowledge of God is impossible. All human efforts to come to a true and meaningful understanding of God, lead to a variety of religious “isms.” The pluralism, post-modernism and post-Christian society of the 21st century, brings its own challenges. Words mean nothing and truth is relative. There are, however, unique resemblances with the pluralism, pre-modern and pre-Christian society of the patristic. From a historical-theological perspective, the researcher points out that these resemblances could shed light on the current burning issue around the authority of Scripture. This historic continuity with the patristic and apostolic tradition is addressed in relation to Tertullian and Augustine. Both these Church Fathers had to give Biblical answer to the burning issues of their day that sought to undermine the authority of Scripture. The patristic’s emphasis on the authority of Scripture, stems from the unique unity between the Old and New Testament. It finds expression in the Apostolic preaching – regula fidei – the rule by which sound theology and godly living is guaranteed. Their historical-literal method of Biblical exegesis reflects a Christian worldview in contrast to the secular worldview of their day. In conclusion the researcher points out the relevance of this study for Southern-Africa. The confusion within the ranks of society, and the disillusionment of hundreds of thousands in Africa concerning the role of the Church, ask for clear direction and uncompromising answers on the fundamentals of the Christian faith with the framework of the authority of Scripture. / Dissertation (MA (Church History))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Church History and Church Polity / unrestricted

The political implications of the OE prose translations of King Alfred (849-899) are overlooked by scholars who focus on the literary merits of the texts. When viewed as propaganda, Alfred's writings show a careful reshaping of their Latin sources that reaffirms Alfred's claim to power. The preface to Pastoral Care, long understood to be the inauguration of Alfred's literary reforms, is invested with highly charged language and a dramatic reinvention of English history, which both reestablishes the social hierarchy with the king more firmly in place at its head and constructs the inevitability of what is actually a quite radical translation project. The translations themselves reshape their readers' understanding of kingship, even while creating implicit comparison between Alfred and the Latin authors.

Regula monachorum! Voilà une Règle de vie, écrite au 6e siècle, pour des chrétiens invités à quitter le monde pour suivre le Christ, qui, paradoxalement, s'avère, mutatis mutandis, un guide de vie, en très grande partie, idéal pour d'autres chrétiens, justement appelés, de par leur vocation spécifique, à ne pas le quitter! Saint Benoît a, manifestement, écrit cette Règle, tissée d'Écriture, pour que ses moines soient d'abord de bons chrétiens. Voilà pourquoi le laïc, qui accepte de suivre le Christ, dans le monde, se sent fortement interpellé par ce modèle de vie évangélique. Il y perçoit, en effet, la voix d'un Maître qui lui rappelle avec des accents vibrants, parfois pathétiques, l'urgence de répondre à sa vocation chrétienne, par une vie théologale ardente et une saine vie morale. Il y trouve, également, une doctrine spirituelle et des moyens pratiques privilégiés, applicables dans le monde, non seulement pour écarter les obstacles à une vie spirituelle équilibrée, mais aussi pour y assumer pleinement, selon les circonstances concrètes de la vie courante, ses responsabilités humaines et professionnelles, conformément à la volonté de Dieu, dans l'amour du Christ et du prochain.