This diploma thesis deals with the issue of the development of health literacy of pupils attending primary schools. In the theoretical part, it focuses on defining the concept of the health literacy, its importance for society, the importance of its development and the consequences of its lack. A literate person is characterized in here, the factors influencing health literacy and the assessment tools, how it could be measured. It also deals with health promotion and health education at primary schools, which are closely related to health literacy. It focuses on the influence on educational system on health literacy of pupils and on health promotion programs at school facilities. It deals with school age, its division, and the pupil's personality in common. At the end of the theoretical part, we discuss how the health literacy can influence nurses. The empirical part of the thesis is aimed at pupils of 7th and 9th grade of elementary schools, who have been inquired about their ability to look up and evaluate healthcare information. The aim has been to determine the level of health literacy of boys and girls and try to find out differences in their level of health literacy depending on the age and size of the city they are live in. A quantitative research survey has been selected to address this issue and identify the objectives set. The data was obtained using the abridged version of the standardized European Health Literacy Questionnaire HLS-EU-Q, namely the HLS-EU-Q16 questionnaire. The research was attended by 208 pupils from two primary schools in Prague and one from Karlovy Vary.

This diploma thesis inquires the products of nature knowledge of primary school pupils. The products of nature knowledge are inquired in the form of a didactic test, which is very well usable in the school practice. Furthermore, it mentions natural sciences textbooks and workbooks, which are one of the sources for gaining the products of nature knowledge for pupils. By means of the textbook analysis, the amount of the products of nature is shown, which a pupil should learn during their school attendance at primary school. The conclusions of the research serve to create an image of how pupils know living products of nature, which are a part of their everyday life. "Diploma thesis was solved in terms of the project GA JU č. 065/2010/S."

Syftet med detta examensarbete är att bidra till förståelsen för hur svensklärare på högstadienivå kan planera, anpassa och analysera sin normkritiskt inspirerade undervisning. En förståelsemodell, med elevernas blivande som kärna, presenteras som sammanfattningen av forskningen och teorierna om normkritiskt inspirerad undervisning grundad i postperspektiven. Förståelsemodellen blir sedan testad som ett analysverktyg på empiriskt material från en muntlig examination i svenskämnet för niondeklassare. Slutsatsen är att niondeklassarna har mycket gemensamt med postperspektivens förhållningssätt. De delar speciellt postepistemologins förhållningssätt till kunskap. Eleverna anser kunskap står i relation till makt och de ifrågasätter objektiviteten både hos fakta och hos deras eget perspektiv. Niondeklassarnas förhållningssätt liknar också det hos postetiken och det hos ett nomadiskt subjekt. Samhällets värden är någonting att omförhandla om så krävs. De har en relativt reflexiv blick på identitet. När eleverna talar om världen och identitet återkommer både revolt och maktlöshet. Denna slutsats visar att en förståelsemodell grundad i postperspektiven fungerar som analysverktyg för normkritiskt inspirerad svenskundervisning. Den preciserar niondeklassarnas förhållningssätt till värden, identitet och kunskap. Det abstrakta i förståelsemodellen kan bidra till förståelsen av normkritiskt inspirerad undervisning, men den undflyr också några av de konkreta problemen med att planera, anpassa och analysera undervisningen. / The purpose of this work is to contribute for second school Swedish teachers understanding of how to plan, adjust and analyze norm critical inspired Swedish teaching.  An understanding-model, with the pupils becoming as the core, is presented as a summary of the research and theories about norm critical education grounded in the postperspectives. This understanding-model is being tested as a theoretical analyze tool on empirical material from an oral exam in Swedish language for ninth graders. The conclusion is that the ninth graders have much in common with the ratio of postperspectives. Especially do they share the postepistemological ratio about knowledge. The pupils see that knowledge stands in relation to power and they question the objectivity of both facts and of their own perspective. The ninth graders ratio also has similarities with the ratio of postetic and a nomadic subject. Values in society is something to renegotiate if necessary. They share a somewhat reflexive onlook at identity. When the pupils speak about the world and identity both revolt and powerlessness recure. This conclusion shows that the theoretical understanding-model grounded in the postperspectives work as an analyze tool of norm critical inspired Swedish teaching. It pinpoints the ninth graders ratio to values, identity and knowledge. The abstractness of the understanding-model can contribute to the understanding of norm critical inspired Swedish teaching, but it escapes some of the problems of planning, adjusting and analyze the teaching.

Master thesis Media education of elementary school children, was written because of the need to analyze the current situation of media education. Media education at Czech schools is based on normative materials released by the government - Rámcový vzdělávací program and Doporučené očekávané výstupy. The theoretical part of this study introduces these the above mentioned materials and other legislative documents. It also brings a summary of historical development of media education and a list of the most important education materials, which were written in the past twenty years. For more than ten years Czech schools have been influenced by normative materials, which define how media education should be taught. The aim of this thesis is to focus on primary school children at the age of 9 to 11 years. A practical part of this study brings a detailed look at one class in a Prague based school. Interviews with pupils were based on outputs from normative materials Doporučené očekávané výstupy. The author's aim was to verify if children's knowledge of media corresponds to the said materials. Part of the in-depth interviews are samples of audiovisual materials and other activities.

The diploma thesis deals with the development of self-evaluation within the formative evaluation of primary school pupils during the first and second grade of primary school. The theoretical part is divided into four chapters. The first chapter characterizes the period of younger school age. The second chapter deals with the characteristics of evaluation and assessment with emphasis on school assessment, its goals, functions, types and risks. The third chapter introduces us to the concept of formative assessment and its key strategies. The final chapter focuses on the pupils' self-assessment. It describes the concept of self- assessment and introduces us to important factors that need to be taken into account when implementing self-assessment activities. The research part describes the research objectives, research questions and data collection methods. It characterizes the research sample in terms of school, class and pupils. It focuses on the description and reflection of the six established self-assessment techniques and the subsequent analysis of the development of self-assessment skills. The aim of the research part was to systematically develop the self-assessment skills of pupils for a period of six months; reflect on their work and analyze the progress of pupils in this area using the...

The diploma thesis is focused on the issue of word problems with different results, to which is not given systematic attention in the specialized literature. The focus of the work is to observe how pupils and teachers of elementary school work with a word problem with different results. The theoretical part focuses on the typology of word problems, the phases of their solution and solving strategies. Furthermore, the classification of word problems according to the number of results and the typology of word problems with different results is proposed. A significant part consists of the goals with which this type of task can be assigned in the teaching of mathematics and which change depending on the teacher and his approach to teaching. The work also deals with the basic characteristics of teaching styles. The selected qualitative research using the method of observation and questionnaire allows to describe the work of teachers with a word problem with different results and to identify elements of teaching styles, namely transmissive and constructivist approaches, which are reflected in the actions of teachers. An additional method is the analysis of selected textbooks in terms of the presence of word problems with different results, which reveals whether such tasks occur in textbooks and what...

The diploma thesis is focused on physical and sports activities of children in older school age. For the research were selected pupils in the 8th and 9th grades of primary schools in the Prague-East District. The main goal of the work is based on data collected by online questionnaires to analyze and compare the level of physical activities of these pupils depending on the main factors of their lives. I consider these factors to be school physical education, physical and sports activities outside of school, leisure, family, dwelling place. The theoretical part describes all requirements associated with the physical activities of children in older school age, that are necessary for a proper understanding of the research part, such as the definition of physical activities and sports, the characteristics of older school children and key factors affecting these children. A total of 240 respondents, meaning 8th and 9th grade pupils from four selected primary schools in the Prague-East District, took part in the research. For the research I used the method of a questionnaire survey, which was organized online using Google Forms. The questionnaire contains 20 questions and is divided into 5 parts, according to the main factors already mentioned. The results for each individual question are clearly viewed...

This study investigated the relationships between diverse variables and secondary school pupils' Mathematics achievement. It also dealt with the relative contribution of each variable to Mathematics achievement and the significance of differences in Mathematics achievements when pupils' gender and home background as well as teachers' experience, gender, education, in-service education, homework assignment and testing frequency are taken into account. A questionnaire was administered on 163 standard 8 pupils. I The most important findings of this study were: {1) There was a significant relationship between pupil variables and Mathematics achievement. (2) Pupil variables, particularly self-concept, contributed significantly towards the variance in Mathematics achievement. (3) Pupils who wrote tests often (more than once per term) achieved significantly less than students who wrote tests less often / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)

This research is concerned with an investigation into the factors relating to the reading habits of Indian secondary school pupils in the Phoenix area. It is important to acknowledge that among our youth there are both avid and reluctant readers during and after the period of formal education. It is the group of reluctant readers that has to be lured by the magic of reading. There is a remarkable variation in the reading habits of pupils from the same school. A self-designed questionnaire was administered to 544 boys and girls from standards 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10. The descriptive data available were then analysed and interpreted. The study revealed that the amount of time spent on reading and the number of books read (which together determined reading habits) by pupils was influenced by such factors as home, school, social environment, socioeconomic status, the influence of other media and the personal aspect / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)

The interdependent relationship which exists between personality characteristics of adolescents and their achievements in oral examinations have been investigated. The following related aspects were studied in the literature: * * * The role of oral evaluation in English. Personality characteristics which are meaningful to achievement in oral work. Ways to measure personality with special reference to the High School Personality Questionnaire. An empirical study inter alia revealed the following: {i) Low oral achievers are emotionally less stable than high achievers. (ii) Verbal intelligence, emotional instability, anxiety experience and introvertedness play an influential role in achievement in oral work. (iii) Girls tend to achieve better in oral work in the secondary school than boys. The educational implications of the investigation relate to the adequate becoming-adult of the adolescent. The role of the educand's personality in oral examinations and the need of teachers to possess more information about this matter during evaluation, have been revealed in this study. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)