A dissertação apresenta uma solução para a singular dependência, até hoje, de gestos de mão para se conseguir que o ônibus pare no ponto. É o único transporte coletivo que ainda depende desse método de baixa confiabilidade, que se mostra especialmente problemático no caso de usuários vulneráveis e para todos os usuários nos horários e locais críticos. Ao mesmo tempo, esta solução permite que os ônibus deixem de fazer paradas não solicitadas, aumentando a velocidade comercial. Propõe-se uma solução através do uso de um aplicativo colaborativo em redes de celulares, semelhante ao que já acontece com os taxis. Ao contrário de outros aplicativos, que informam posições e distâncias dos ônibus, esse coordena as ações adequadas a serem tomadas pelos ônibus para o atendimento solicitado. Três alternativas são delineadas para adoção em serviços que estejam especificando novos sistemas, para aqueles que já possuem um controle centralizado antigo e que desejam adaptar esse novo recurso a ele ou os que preferem uma solução paralela simples. Esse último caso também pode ser usado em cidades que sem ter operação controlada e com poucos recursos procuram uma solução barata, mas completa. A provável aceitação pública da proposta é testada sem o desenvolvimento ainda de um protótipo operacional, utilizando técnicas de Projeto de Serviço (Service Design - SD) com grupos de discussão estimulados visualmente para relembrar as experiências de viagem. A utilização desse método simples se prova suficiente para a verificação precoce de desenvolvimento de sistemas que pode - de forma econômica - corrigir enganos antes de maiores investimentos. A proposta, por irradiação voluntária das intenções do viajante, deixando o resto a cargo do sistema de transporte, se alinha à tendência atual de dar maior importância aos sistemas com resultados determinados pelo contexto e intenções dos usuários, ao invés de os que oferecem informações para que ele decida. As aplicações adicionais são inúmeras, já que a solução aqui pesquisada se enquadra numa nova tendência de Resultados por Contexto, em que os serviços se reorganizam à situação (ou intenção) de seu usuário se essas informações forem transmitidas e utilizadas. / The thesis proposes a solution for the unique way in which passengers until now hail buses at stops using hand gestures to try to make them stop. This is the only case in which public transportation riders still depend for service on this undependable method that is especially critical for those with disabilities or all users during stressful conditions or hours. At the same time, the use of the application permits services that halt at all stops to stop doing so resulting in higher commercial speeds. The proposed solution uses a mobile collaborative network like those used for e-Hailing taxis and cars. Different from other solutions that display location and time distances of all buses to passengers, it takes over all actions that are necessary to stop the bus where the passenger has called from. Three development options are outlined for services that are specifying new systems, for those that already have an outdated one and wish to adapt them to include these new functions or those that prefer a simple parallel solution. This last alternative can also be used by cities without centralized bus operation control and counting on limited funds that are looking for a simple and economical but complete solution. The probable acceptance of this application by the public is tested without having to develop a working prototype, by using discussion groups with visual stimulation to develop travel experience recall. The use of this simple method proves itself adequate for early pre-prototype testing of system development which can economically correct major mistakes before greater investments in the project are made. The application, by broadcasting traveler intentions and leaving the rest to the transportation system, is in line with today\'s choice of emphasizing system developments that include context, as well as intentions, in their results instead of search information that is turned over for passenger decision. Many additional applications are possible, as the approach researched agrees with today\'s trend of Results from Context in which services rearrange themselves according to the situation and user intentions if this information is transmitted and used.

Hotell ser i dagens samhälle i regel likadana ut och konkurrerar om samma utbud och kunder. Det är således betydelsefullt att i dagens konkurrensinriktade samhälle skilja sig från andra företag som verkar i samma bransch. Nya tjänster hjälper företag att attrahera nya kunder och samtidigt behålla redan befintliga vilket har gjort tjänsteutveckling till en viktig konkurrensfaktor. Det är således viktigt för hotell att känna till vad kunderna efterfrågar för att kartlägga potentiell tjänsteutveckling. Avsaknad av konkret forskning på ämnet kan leda till att ledningen för ett hotell genomför förändringar utan att se till kundernas egentliga behov, vilket kan medföra ett stort risktagande och stora ekonomiska kostnader. En positiv förändring sker först när hotell utvecklas i den riktning som deras kunder begär. Studien syftar till att kartlägga potentialen till tjänsteutveckling inom hotellbranschen i Umeå ur ett företags- och kundperspektiv. Detta för att se om det finns behov till förändring och om branschen tillmötesgår marknadens krav. Genom semistrukturerade intervjuer kartläggs utbudet och efterfrågan av tjänster och service i hotellbranschen. Dessa analyseras sedan mot den teoretiska referensramen. Studien avser även att som delsyfte analysera och beskriva om tjänsteutveckling ger ett högre kundvärde samt vilken typ av tjänsteutveckling inom hotellbranschen som skulle underlätta för kunderna samt öka kundvärdet. En ökad förståelse i ämnet kan öka hotellens marknadsposition, lönsamhet och kundvärde. Studiens resultat uppvisar att det finns potential till utveckling av tjänster och service bland hotellen som var föremål i studien. Främst gäller det personalutveckling och utveckling av processen vid in- och utcheckning samt möjligheten till att göra beställningar på mat under alla tider på dygnet. Resultatet visar skillnader mellan vad affärsresenärer och privatresenärer efterfrågar. Affärsresenärer efterfrågar effektivisering och tjänster som underlättar i deras vardag och bidrar till att hotellet fungerar som ett stationärt hem. Privatresenärer å andra sidan efterfrågar främst personlig service och har inte samma krav som affärsresenärerna har över boendet och utbudet av tjänster. Slutligen har vi funnit att hotellen som önskar att öka kundvärdet gentemot sina kunder måste välja en tydlig strategi. Här har vi kommit underfund med två starka koncept, antingen ett lite dyrare koncept där allt ingår eller så ett billigare alternativ där kunderna får köpa tilläggstjänster efter önskemål. En tydlig strategi minskar risken för besvikelse och missförstånd.

This thesis is based on a case study of an airline’s (Scandinavian Airlines (SAS)) customers’ views on self-service technologies for check-in; mobile check-in, internet check-in, and machine (kiosk) check-in. The first aim of the paper was to find sources of satisfaction and dissatisfaction in the airline industry. A number of critical incidents leading to satisfactory and dissatisfactory experiences have been categorized by using the critical incident technique method based on customers’ recalls of past events. Main sources of satisfaction were the SSTs ability to provide a more efficient service by time savings, avoiding queues and by providing increased customer control. Main sources of dissatisfaction were related to technology failure such as malfunctioning machines, technical design problems and service design problems due to unclear role clarity among customers caused by lack of information and trust in own abilities. Second aim of the study was to identify a number of variables affecting SST channel selection. Qualitative interviews revealed following main variables affecting channel choice: accessibility, awareness, lack of trust, and perceived channel efficiency. Findings have been discussed from the perspective of models used in present research such as the consumer readiness model and trusting intentions model so that future researchers can identify and use valid models for understanding SST channel adoption and satisfaction drivers in the flight industry. Hands on managerial implications are provided in the closing part of the paper. Originality: The thesis show industry specific satisfaction and dissatisfaction causes that differ from previous research. Second contribution is the development and classification of factors in groups that influence the SST channel choice for check-in at airports. Finally the paper shows that none of the current models for use intention can independently be used to fully explain choice of channel.

Through interviews, research, observations and the use of service design methods the author of this report, Jenny Annebäck, executed a Minor Field Study within the field of recycling of PET bottles in Uganda. The project work resulted in thorough studies of service design thinking and methodology, sustainable development, the market and situation in Uganda as well as the consumer group concerned about sustainable development. The result was a pre-study of a future development of a recycling service, visualized through two stakeholder maps, personas and a customer journey map. These three tools constitutes a beginning and a solid ground for further work with developing the service. A service that can contribute to a more sustainable development in the country of Uganda. In the report, examples are stated how to continue with the project as well as how it can be applied in other developing countries. The project work of this Minor Field Study(MFS) lasted from November 2011 until June 2012, as a degree project of 22,5 ECTS credits for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Innovation and Design Engineering at Karlstad University. The MFS program is organized by the Swedish International Programme Office for Education and Training and financed by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, enabling graduating students to perform a thesis in a developing country. Jenny Annebäck spent the first two months of the project time in Jinja, Uganda, together with her project partner Olga Sabirova Höjerström, both students at Karlstad University. The two project group members performed this Minor Field Study together with Sarah Keller, industrial designer and general manager at Uganda Innovation Factory(UIF). UIF is a product and graphic design company situated in Jinja, working with local designers to encourage Ugandan design and production for the global market. The supervising teacher of this project has been Monica Jakobsson and the examiner professor Fredrik Thuvander, both belonging to the Faculty of Technology and Science at Karlstad University. / Genom intervjuer, undersökningar, observationer och användning av tjänstedesignmetoder utförde författaren av denna rapport, Jenny Annebäck, en Minor Field Study inom återvinning av PET-flaskor i Uganda. Projektarbetet resulterade i noggranna studier av tjänstedesignmetodik, hållbar utveckling, situationen och marknaden i Uganda samt konsumentgruppen upptagna av just hållbar utveckling. Slutresultatet blev i form av en förstudie för en framtida utveckling av en återvinningstjänst för PET-flaskor. Detta visualiserades med hjälp av två intressentkartor (stakeholder maps), personas och en kundresekartläggning (customer journey map). Dessa tre verktyg utgör en början och en solid grund för framtida arbete med utveckling av tjänsten. En tjänst som kan bidra till en hållbar utveckling i landet. I rapporten ges exempel på hur man kan gå vidare med projektet samt hur man kan applicera det i andra utvecklingsländer. Projektarbetet inom denna Minor Field Study(MFS) varade från november 2011 till juni 2012 och utgjorde författarens examensarbete på 22,5 hp på Högskoleingenjörsprogrammet i Innovationsteknik och Design vid Karlstads universitet. MFS organiseras av Internationella programkontoret och finansieras av Sida, Styrelsen för Internationellt utvecklingssamarbete, och möjliggör för kandidatstudenter vid svenska universitet och högskolor att göra ett examensarbete genom en fältstudie i ett utvecklingsland. Jenny Annebäck spenderade de först två månaderna av projektet i Jinja, Uganda, tillsammans med Olga Sabirova Höjerström, studiekamrat på Karlstads universitet. De två projektmedlemmarna utförde MFS projektet tillsammans med Sarah Keller, verksamhetschef på Uganda Innovation Factory (UIF). UIF är en produkt och grafisk designbyrå i Jinja, som arbetar med lokala designers för att främja ugandisk design och produktion för en global marknad. Handledare för Jenny Annebäck har varit Monica Jakobsson och examinator har varit professor Fredrik Thuvander, båda tillhörande Fakulteten för teknik- och naturvetenskap vid Karlstads universitet.

摘要 　　觀光旅遊是現今十分興盛的休閒活動，根據 2010 至 2012 年交通部觀光局統計資料顯示，國人國內旅遊以非旅行社承辦平均高達約 88%，因此如何有效規劃行程內容及安排各景點間的交通路線，就成為旅遊前的重要準備工作。 　　檢視目前旅遊規劃的數位服務平台並無法真正解決旅遊需求。故本研究設計與建置一套旅遊支援平台，首先藉由訪談，了解使用者需求，歸納出平台設計重點，分析系統的使用流程，再設計功能模組化與操作介面，最後建置平台並進行原型評估。本平台以雲端資料庫為基礎，無縫結合網站與行動應用兩端的資訊流。使用者在行前利用網站規劃行程內容，完成後上傳至雲端資料庫，網站端內容會自動同步於行動應用端，並以適合行動應用的界面呈現。使用者之行程安排因此更便利與彈性，在行動中亦能利隨時以手機查看行程，並依當地情況修改行程、即時安排交通路徑，使得旅遊行程計畫可以依實際的變化機動調適。而更新後的行程亦同步儲存於雲端。 　　本研究未來方向可以往更多的服務串流發展，如景點的多媒體內容、社群結合、智慧邏輯排程或外部資訊連結等等。隨著未來資訊技術的提升，將為系統平台帶來更多可能性、讓整體服務擁有更佳的整合性，提供使用者更好的體驗。 / Nowadays, touring is a popular leisure activity. According to statistics from the Taiwan Tourism Bureau, people arranged their own domestic travels as high as 88%. Because backpacking can be economical and more flexible, many young people tend to travel by themselves. Therefore travel planning has become the most important preparation work. How to plan an effective schedule and how to arrange the routes between attractive points are the tasks that backpackers often need to face. However there are few information services for the needs currently. The thesis designed and implemented a travelling support platform. First, the research identified design key elements by interviewing users and analyzing travelling behaviors. Second, the research mapped the touring process into functional models. Finally, we built and tested the platform prototype. This platform is Cloud-based and seamlessly integrates both website and mobile application to achieve the information service. Users use the website to schedule their trips and upload the schedules to the cloud database. Then the user can access the same schedule made at website on the mobile APP synchronously. They can check their schedule while they are traveling on the mobile phones. In addition, they can edit the schedule and rearrange new traffic routes real-time to adjust to the local circumstances. The further developments of the platform will include more integrated services, such as multimedia contents, social network, and intelligent logic scheduling. With the evolution of the technology in the future, the platform will provide better user experience.

近數十年來，服務經濟蓬勃發展，使得服務設計在各個產業中嶄露頭角，也帶動了製造型企業進行轉型的浪潮。要設計一個令使用者滿意的服務需要對使用者深入的了解。然而，要從使用者身上得到洞見(insights)必須倚賴服務設計師的經驗及能力，對於經驗較少的設計師以及產品導向思維的企業是相當困難的。過去雖然已有許多探討設計師能力的研究，但對於如何以資訊系統輔助服務設計的過程仍鮮少有研究。本研究首先建構服務設計師在做洞見發現(insight discovery)時，會如何操作他們的認知模型(mental imagery)來讓資料變成有意義的資訊，接著提出一個以 ConceptNet 為知識庫的資訊系統 - Discover+ 來輔助這個過程。另外，我們也提出了洞見深度地圖(Insight Depth Map)，作為衡量洞見影響力的模型。期望本研究能對於服務設計及設計管理的領域有所貢獻，也希望能幫助所有的服務設計師。 / Service economy has been under the spotlight during past decades as well as design thinking has been widely promoted in recent years. Developing a desirable service needs in-depth understanding to customers. However, in the past, discovering insights from customers usually depends on designers’ experiences. It’s hard to do it well for novice designers as well as enterprises with G-D logic mindsets. Although some researches have been done on designers’ ability, little information is available on information technology facilitating the service design process. In this research, we propose an IT artifact with the commonsense knowledge in ConceptNet to facilitate the insight discovery process. We also propose a concept of insight depth which can be a measurement of the influential extent of insights. This research is believed to shed light on both the management and design field for services. We expect this can help no matter who are designing services.

在社交媒體(social media)網站如雨後春筍般出現的時代，作者以觀察「大型社交媒體的高滲透率，以及媒體由服務、迎合大多數人的喜好的型態，演進為提供更加貼近各專業領域的服務型態的現象」出發，選定籃球為本研究之專業領域，藉由開發專注於籃球領域的社交媒體網站---Basketball Addiction來了解使用者是否能如作者觀察媒體的演進般，社交媒體網站也會有更加貼近各專業領域的服務型態出現，而使用者在使用這樣的網站時能得到滿足，持續使用，甚至推薦給朋友。 在經過本研究問卷調查後，利用統計分析軟體PLS(Partial Least Squares)進行模型的分析，Bootstrapping進行假說的顯著性檢定。結果顯示，專注於特定領域的社交媒體網站在未來是有存在的可能的，Fulfillment構面的調查結果也顯示Basketball Addiction的確能滿足使用者「社交」及「專業」的期待。 / In the era of social media sites have sprung up, the author observed, "large-scale high penetration of social media and the phenomenon of the media have made services to cater to most people's favorite patterns evolved to provide more services closer to the various professional fields patterns. Select basketball as this research professional fields. Through the development of social media sites which focus on basketball professional fields --- Basketball Addiction to understand whether the social media sites can follow the evolution of media, such as like, there will be more social media sites provide professional services. In addition, author also wonder that whether users in the use of such sites can be satisfied, continuous use, and even recommend it to friends. After the survey, author uses PLS (Partial Least Squares) to analyze and verify the model’s reliability and validity, Bootstrapping to make significant analysis. The results show, social media sites which focus on specific fields can exist is possible. Also, the results of the latent variable --- Fulfillment show that Basketball Addiction indeed allows users to have to meet the expectations, "social" and "professional" in.

[pt] A proposta desta pesquisa vislumbra um potencial de colaboração entre os setores de Design e Turismo, no planejamento de serviços, de forma a valorizar os recursos materiais e imateriais disponíveis no Brasil, com traços singulares que, muitas vezes, são pouco ou mal explorados. O setor do Turismo tem sido muito pesquisado e investimentos vem sendo feitos pelo Governo, em busca de soluções para aprimorar os serviços oferecidos. Neste contexto, surgiu o Turismo de Base Comunitária, objeto de estudo desta pesquisa, que visa compreender como o design pode desenvolver soluções que busquem otimizar serviços turísticos que carreguem estas características de valorização cultural e inovação social. A pesquisa, de cunho qualitativo, está articulada em teoria e estudo multicasos, buscando identificar possibilidades de contribuição. A partir das conclusões desta etapa, será proposto um ensaio projetual de um modelo que englobe os conceitos estudados. / [en] The proposal of this research visualizes the potential of collaboration between Design and Tourism sectors in the planning of services, in order to valorize the material and immaterial resources available in Brazil, with unique features that are often little or poorly explored. The Tourism sector has been much researched and investments have been made by the Government, in search of solutions to improve the offered services. In this context, appears Community Based Tourism, this research s object of study, that aims to comprehend how design can develop solutions to optimize touristic services that carry on these characteristics os cultural valorization and social innovation. The qualitative research is articulated in theory and study of cases developed in the field of community based tourism and / or cultural valorization, identifying possibilities of contribution. Based on the conclusions of this stage, an model will be designed, based on the concepts studied on this research.

The aging of the world population has increased dramatically during the past century. The rapid increase of elderly population is putting a heavy strain on healthcare and social welfare. Living conditions and service provision for elderly people have thus become an increasingly hot topic worldwide. In this paper, we address this problem by presenting a conceptual model of an integrated and personalized system for an eco-smart home for elderly independent living. This approach was inspired by an on-going European project, INNOVAGE, which researchers at Blekinge Institute of Technology are currently participating in, and which focuses on regional knowledge clusters for promoting eco-smart homes for elderly independent living. Contrasting the social situation of elderly in China and Europe, we have chosen to focus on a solution for a Swedish context, which takes technical, environmental, social and human-computer interaction aspects into consideration in the design of eco-smart homes for elderly people in Sweden. Three studies have been carried out in order to clarify and explore the main issues at stake. A literature review gave an overview of on-going research and the current state-of-the-art concerning smart homes. The literature review, along with an interview of an expert on solar energy, also gave insights into additional design challenges which are introduced when focusing specifically on eco-smart building solutions. In order to explore and gain a better understanding of the perceived needs and requests of the target group, i.e. the elderly population, we carried out interviews with three experts in healthcare and homecare for the elderly, and also carried out interviews among the elderly in Karlskrona and interviews and a web survey among the elderly in China. As a way of addressing the design challenges of integrating a multitude of diverse, complicated technical systems in a home environment while at the same time high-lighting the need for comprehensive personalized service provision for elderly people, we designed a conceptual model – an exemplar – of an eco-smart home for elderly independent living. The eco-smart home exemplar aims to inspire interdisciplinary and multi-stakeholder discussions around innovative design and development of environmentally friendly, comfortable, safe and supportive living for the elderly in the future. Finally, we did an evaluation of the model in two workshops with elderly people in two different towns in Blekinge. / +460720226027

As our society becomes more and more digitalized, IT projects play an increasingly important role. The relatively high failure rates in IT projects have spurred the development of methods and models to improve success rate by managing for outcomes rather than constraints. This thesis aims to contribute to our understanding of how outcome-based project methods are used in practice, and how they’re understood and conceptualized by their users such as project managers, product managers and interaction designers. It provides an overview of seven methods for managing projects for outcomes and presents findings regarding how users of a subset of these methods apply and reason about them. The study’s findings include the identification of six themes regarding the application and use of these methods and four concepts describing how they’re understood. The results indicate that the methods studied have a wide-reaching influence over workplace collaboration and culture, and provide generic strategies for solving problems in the domains of software development, interaction design and service design. Further research is recommended to determine how these methods can be used and improved to further enhance collaboration, communication, and motivation in the workplace and the methods’ wider influence on IT project success.