Preschool is a central part of Swedish family life. The manner in which the state regulates preschool through laws, ordinances, and various kinds of written objectives has an impact on many people in the Swedish society. The thesis examines the development of preschool state regulation from the 1940s until 2008. The starting point of the study is a draft for a new Education Act, put forward in 2003, which proposed that preschool should be integrated into the school system as a new form of school. The purpose of the study is to generate knowledge about the state regulation of Swedish preschool, and how it has contributed to the shaping of preschool as a societal institution. Questions considered in the analysis are how regulation delimits preschool as a social category, what role this regulation assigns preschool in relation to other actors and societal institutions involved in early childhood education and care, and what principles this regulation is based on. The study has evolved within the research tradition of curriculum theory as developed in studies in educational politics. The analysis is carried out as a text analysis, where the concepts of boundary work, official classification and activity system serve as important analytical tools. Texts produced within the formal chain of decision and legislation: directives for committees, government white papers, ministerial task forces, bills, legislative texts etc., form the empirical foundation for the study. The analysis shows that economic as well as legal and ideological governing instruments are used in the shaping of the framework of preschool. These frameworks are indicated in the form of different boundary markers that delimit preschool as a specific category and arrange it in relation to other categories. The boundaries indicated by these boundary markers have been subject to extensive discussion during the formulation process. Through this boundary work, preschool has been constructed as a full time preschool, commissioned to provide both education and care. The boundaries of this commission are in some respects indistinct and contain several overlapping elements with regards to family, social services and school. At the same time, preschool holds a fixed core with more distinct boundaries, in the form of a part time public preschool delimited by time and age and regulated by far-reaching legislation regarding the rights of children to attend. Owing to this construction, preschool may balance several different and partly contradictory demands placed on it by other institutions and by different interest groups, while at the same time maintaining a core of identity of its own. In that sense, preschool may be described as a boundary object. Thus, when it is suggested that preschool should constitute a form of school and be placed in the more formal regulation structures of the school system, the balance of this construction is challenged.

This thesis examines the activities within the Swedish steering system concerning upper secondary school. Sweden has a long history of shared responsibility between the state level of government and the municipalities, dating back to federal decisions concerning the establishment of a compulsory school system. By the early 1990s two parallel changes were taking place within the Swedish educational sector, one concerning the steering system which evolved towards deregulation and decentralization, and the other an extension of the compulsory school. A consequence of the latter change was that in practice upper secondary education became mandatory. The political aim was to realize the vision of “one school for all”. In this study the political vision and the larger question of how to turn it into reality (the differentiation question) is used to show how activities at national as well as the local level of the steering system are formed. / <p>Se även under Uppsala i DiVAportalen.</p>

VYŠNÝ, Peter: State, Law, and Everyday Life in Aztec Tenochtitlan. Dissertation. Charles University, Faculty of Arts, Centre for Ibero-American Studies. PhD Programme: Ibero- American Studies. Field of Study: History. Adviser: doc. Markéta Křížová, Ph.D. Prague, 2018. 384 pp. The present dissertation, under the title of State, Law, and Everyday Life in Aztec Tenochtitlan, is the result of the research of a society that existed in the Aztec city-state of Tenochtitlan from its founding (about AD 1325) to its conquest by the Spaniards (1519 - 1521). In the dissertation, based on historical sources and secondary literature, three essential, complementary aspects of this society are examined, namely: 1. its organization and functioning, whose character indicates that Tenochtitlan was a consolidated (urban) state; 2. its legal order, which was developed and systematically exercised by the state; and 3. typical forms of everyday life of its members (of different categories). By exploring the three aspects of the society existing in Tenochtitlan, the following aim of the dissertation was achieved: 1. to examine the state organization, the legal order and the everyday life forms of the inhabitants of pre-Hispanic Aztec Tenochtitlan, both in their interrelated contexts and in the diachronic perspective; and...

This master’s thesis considers the Official Report of the Swedish Government Transpersoner i Sverige (SOU 2017:92), and its ambitions to increase intelligibility for trans people. Using a discourse-theoretical framework, I study the report’s production of meaning regarding power, norms and knowledge. In my analysis, the constitution of meaning leads to the establishment, in the report, of a specific understanding of intelligibility and of how intelligibility for trans people can and should be increased. Further, I note that ‘knowledge’, in the report, is positioned as beyond power and mobilized to counter the defined problems of unintelligibility. In particular, the report promotes measurable knowledge as the means by which to amend problems concerning lacking descriptions of trans people’s situation. Using Spade (2015) and Butler (1997), I elaborate on the positioning of the state with respect to the report’s project of increasing intelligibility, and show that state power is naturalized. The main conclusion of the thesis is that several of the report’s suggestions serve to legitimize state regulation of gendered subjectivity, specifically with respect to legal genders and their utilization in measurement and surveillance.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandoBC.pdf: 711234 bytes, checksum: 95128caa5dcd5f3bd752c6130990be99 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-08-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This work aims to study the institucional environment for the implementation of financing policies directed to familiar agriculture. The central hypothesis is that, although all changes occured in the credit norms, in order to reduce the existing obstacles for the access of outsiders, the same institucional arrangement remains which gave support to the modernization - crystallizer of strengthening structures of this exclusion. The most relevant pressuposition is that the poor agriculturists are the most displayed to the institucional limitations. The concepts of institucional arrangements and environments used in this work had been constructed with support of the institucional school, contemplating itself the economic dimension, the organizational sociology and political science. In the relation of the institucional changes with the state performance, the theorist reading was important that reflect on the relative autonomy of the State and studious of the Brazilian State. The empirical part consisted of a research which had been applied questionnaires with benefited and non-benefited agriculturists with PRONAF B, in thirteen cities of Rio Grande do Norte. In each city, interviews with four of its main mediators had been carried out. The research results had ratified the hypothesis of the work of that the conception of the public policies does not take in account the institution role in the behavior and the choices of the individual and collective agents, inferring itself that this policy, as others, lacks of mediation that exceed the rationality of legal landmarks / Este trabalho tem por objetivo estudar o ambiente institucional para a implementa??o de pol?ticas de financiamento direcionadas ? agricultura familiar. A hip?tese central ? que, apesar de todas as mudan?as ocorridas nas normas de cr?dito, no sentido de reduzir os obst?culos existentes para o acesso dos outsiders, permanece o mesmo arranjo institucional que deu apoio ? moderniza??o cristalizador de estruturas refor?adoras dessa exclus?o. O pressuposto mais relevante ? que os agricultores pobres s?o os mais expostos ?s limita??es institucionais. Os conceitos de arranjo institucional e de ambiente institucional utilizados neste trabalho foram constru?dos com apoio da escola institucional, contemplando-se a dimens?o econ?mica, a sociologia das organiza??es e a ci?ncia pol?tica. Na rela??o das mudan?as institucionais com a atua??o estatal, foi importante a leitura de te?ricos que refletem sobre a autonomia relativa do Estado e de estudiosos do Estado Brasileiro. A parte emp?rica constou de uma pesquisa em que foram aplicados question?rios com agricultores beneficiados e n?o beneficiados com o PRONAF B, em treze munic?pios do Rio Grande do Norte. Em cada munic?pio, foram realizadas entrevistas com quatro de seus principais mediadores . Os resultados da pesquisa ratificaram a hip?tese do trabalho de que a concep??o das pol?ticas p?blicas n?o leva em conta o papel das institui??es no comportamento e nas escolhas dos agentes individuais e coletivos, depreendendo-se que essa pol?tica, como outras, carece de media??es que transcendam a racionalidade dos marcos legais

Russia is one of the largest participants of world commodity exchange. From 2005 to 2013 the volume of foreign trade turnover grew steadily, but in the next two years there was a decrease in trade turnover: in 2014 by 8%, and in 2015 by 37.7%. The subject of the theses is to assess the impact of the level of development of the ITC infrastructure on the efficiency of Russia's foreign trade activities. The main objectives of the study are: analysis of the patterns of development of pan-European and Euro-Asian ITCs; development of the principles for the formation and development of infrastructure facilities of the ITC, as well as a system of legal and organizational measures; determination of the factors of an effective ITC system in the territory of Russia; determination of the most significant indicators of the development of the ITC in the territory of Russia; development of recommendations for the development of the ITC infrastructure in order to improve the efficiency of Russia's foreign trade. The object of the study is the aggregate of international transport corridors on the territory of the Russian Federation. The subject – the generation of the characteristics of the ITC infrastructure on the territory of Russia, as a factor of influence on the efficiency of foreign trade. The scientific novelty of the work performed is to assess the factors of the functioning of the ITC infrastructure, which have a negative impact on the volume of Russia's foreign trade turnover in 2014-2015. The practical significance of the study is to determine the direction of the long-term development of the ITC system on the territory of Russia in the medium and long term; development of proposals for the development of the infrastructure of certain modes of transport included in the ITC; development of recommendations for increasing the effectiveness of state regulation of the process of forming the ITC in the country. / Россия является одним из крупнейших участников мирового товарообмена. С 2005 по 2013 гг. объем внешнеторгового оборота неуклонно рос, однако в последующие два года наблюдалось снижение товарооборота: в 2014 г. на 8%, а в 2015 г. на 37,7%. Целью диссертационного исследования является оценка влияния уровня развития инфраструктуры МТК на эффективность внешнеторговой деятельности России. Основными задачами исследования являются: анализ закономерностей развития панъевропейских и евроазиатских МТК; разработка принципов формирования и развития объектов инфраструктуры МТК, а также системы мероприятий правового и организационного характера; определение факторов эффективной системы МТК на территории России; определение наиболее значимых показателей развития МТК на территории России; разработка рекомендаций по развитию инфраструктуры МТК с целью повышения эффективности внешнеторговой деятельности России. Объект исследования – совокупность международных транспортных коридоров на территории Российской Федерации. Предмет – совокупность характеристик инфраструктуры МТК на территории России, как фактор влияния на эффективность внешнеторговой деятельности. Научная новизна выполненной работы состоит в оценке факторов функционирования инфраструктуры МТК, оказывающих негативное влияние на объем внешнеторгового оборота России в 2014-2015 гг. Практическая значимость проведенного исследования состоит в определении направления перспективного развития системы МТК на территории России в среднесрочной и долгосрочной перспективе; разработке предложений по развитию инфраструктуры отдельных видов транспорта, входящих в МТК; разработке рекомендаций для повышения эффективности государственного регулирования процесса формирования МТК на территории страны.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:51:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 98390.pdf.jpg: 17313 bytes, checksum: 61837480cd8c3bf108593632f4f5f0e2 (MD5) 98390.pdf: 962367 bytes, checksum: 4b99edb247df9948854146d3db36967b (MD5) 98390.pdf.txt: 679376 bytes, checksum: 614ab563d54780691a5487c8793b61de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-04-19T00:00:00Z / O Exame Nacional de Cursos - Provão - foi o carro-chefe de um conjunto de instrumentos de avaliação do ensino superior implementados no governo de Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995 - 2002). Reconstruindo suas origens, sua implementação e reações que o Provão suscitou e vem suscitando, o texto mostra a importância da regulação estatal como meio de contrabalançar efeitos negativos do excesso de mercantilização no terreno educacional. / The Exame Nacional de Cursos - Provão - was the main piece of a whole of instruments used in the evaluation of the Brazilian university system implemented during Fernando Henrique Cardoso government (1995 - 2002). Reconstructing the origins, the implementation, the reactions that the Provão provoked and is still provoking, the text shows the importance of State regulation as a way of counterbalancing the mercantile excesses in the educational area.

The Diploma Thesis focuses on examination of most suitable optionsof movement regulation of pendent object from the perspective of various requirements on the course of the process as such. The environment of Matlab-Simulink was used for the analysis. The first part of the Thesis deals with the creation of the model of the whole system and creation of additional models of systems with similar, highly oscillating behaviour. The central part of the Thesis focuses on the design of suitable methods of movement regulation during translocation of the pendent object, which is tested on a simple model of travelling monkey. Four approaches to the problem solving were chosen: simple regulation by PID regulator, branched regulation, state regulation and predicative regulation. All solving options are being analysed and optimised and their results mutually compared according to requirements defined, such as: speed of the process, fluency of the movement, small pose overshoot or small angle of rope deflection.

Магистерская диссертация: 121 с., 20 рис., 18 табл., 53 источника, 2 приложения. Тема исследования является актуальной, так как с 2014 года законодательная база государственного регулирования деятельности по обращению с отходами в РФ претерпевает серьезные изменения, которые в значительной степени коснулись области обращения с ТКО. Целью работы является разработка программы аудита соответствия деятельности МУП МО «Город Первоуральск» ПервоуральскРемСервис» требованиям природоохранного законодательства в области обращения с отходами. Объект исследования – предприятие МУП МО «Город Первоуральск» ПервоуральскРемСервис». Предмет исследования – Система обращения с отходами МУП МО «Город Первоуральск» ПервоуральскРемСервис». В рамках диссертационной работы была разработана универсальная Программа-схема аудита соответствия требованиям природоохранного законодательства в области обращения с отходами производства и потребления, путем деления деятельности на составляющие ее процессы. Применение предложенной программы-схемы является универсальным инструментом для проведения аудитов деятельности в области обращения с отходами производства и потребления на любом предприятии. Кроме того, позволяет детализировать, проверить и обновить всю необходимую информацию для разработки Проекта нормативов обращения с отходами и лимитов на их размещение. Экономическая эффективность проведения аудита деятельности по обращению с отходами МУП МО «Город Первоуральск» «ПервоуральскРемСервис» составляет 178%, на основании чего можно сделать вывод о необходимости проведения экологического аудита деятельности по обращению с отходами. / Master's thesis: 121 pp., 20 images, 18 tables, 53 sources, 2 applications. The research topic is relevant, since since 2014 the legislative reform in the field of human rights protection. The purpose of the work is the development of audit compliance programs for the Municipal Unitary Enterprise "City of Pervouralsk" PervouralskRemServis "requires environmental protection legislation in the field of waste management. The object of the research is the enterprise of MUP MO "Pervouralsk City" PervouralskRemServis. " The subject of the study is the Waste Management System of Municipal Unitary Enterprise "Pervouralsk City" PervouralskRemServis ". As part of the thesis, a universal program was developed to audit the compliance with the requirements of environmental legislation in the field of handling waste production and consumption, by dividing activities into its constituent processes. The application of the proposed program scheme is a universal tool for conducting audits of activities in the field of waste management of production and consumption in any enterprise. In addition, it allows to detail, check and update all the necessary information for the development of the Draft Waste Management Standards and limits on their placement. The economic efficiency of the audit of the waste management activities of Municipal Unitary Enterprise "City of Pervouralsk" PervouralskRemServis is 178%, which leads to the conclusion that it is necessary to conduct an environmental audit of waste management activities.