This thesis is focused on the Czech prestigious hispanist Josef Dubský and his linguistic labour. It is divided into five chapters. The first chapter outlines the history of Spanish studies in the Czech Republic. The second chapter speaks about life of Josef Dubský. Next three chapters are dedicated to Dubský´s labour in the field of grammar, lexicology and semantics and stylistics. There are presented studies and articles published by Dubský in different Czech and international periodicals and also his Spanish textbooks and Czech-Spanish (Spanish-Czech) dictionaries. In the annex there is enclosed the summery of Dubsky´s publications including the front pages of the textbooks and dictionaries we used in this work.

This is a systematic study of tropes of the Holy Qur`an, divided into four chapters… The first chapter is entitled: “An historical review of rhetoric and stylistics” and it consists of two sections; the first section is entitled: “Western rhetoric and stylistics” where as the second section deals with “Arabic rhetoric and stylistics”. The second chapter is entitled: “Tropes and their components” and it consists of two sections; the first section is entitled: “the definition of tropes”. This section deals with the definition of “literal expressions” and “figurative expressions”, and the required condition for figurative expressions; that is the syntactical and semantic coherence and relationships. The second section is entitled: “Components of tropes” which deals with different components of tropes. The third chapter is entitled: “Linguistic tropes of the Holy Qur`an” and it consists of two sections; the first section is entitled: “The spread of linguistic tropes in the Holy Qur`an”. The second section is entitled: “Relationship of linguistic tropes in the Holy Qur`an”. This section quotes each and every relationship of linguistic tropes in the Holy Qur`an. The fourth chapter is entitled: “mental tropes in the Holy Qur`an”, and it consists of three sections; the first section is entitled: “Mental tropes in the Holy Qur`an, from part 1 to part 10”. The second section is entitled: “Mental tropes in the Holy Qur`an, from part 11 to part 20”, and the third section is entitled: “Mental tropes in the Holy Qur`an, from part 21 to part 30”. These sections quote verses of the Holy Qur`an which contain mental tropes. / Religious Studies and Arabic / Psychology

Ce travail se propose d’étudier la postposition totale ou partielle de l'énoncé rapportant dans le discours rapporté direct et indirect. L’approche grammaticale, dite "classique" du discours rapporté (DR) en général et des incises en particulier se heurte à l’extrême diversité des données empiriques à ce sujet. Envisager les incises sous l’angle formel d’un phénomène grammatical, c’est à la fois en dessiner les contours, mais également poser les limites inhérentes à toute forme. Confrontés à la réalité des incises, les contours rassurants de la forme se distendent jusqu’à en donner une image déformée voire paradoxale sous certains aspects, bien loin des clichés véhiculés par l’emploi métalinguistique de ce terme en français. Il s’agit de s’intéresser au fonctionnement spécifique des incises de DR en anglais, de réhabiliter, en quelque sorte, la position incise dont elles tirent leur nom. Cette réhabilitation de nature textuelle, fondée sur l’étude de leur métamorphose au fil des textes, permettrait d'envisager les incises comme un lieu de stratégie narrative plus qu'un élément de rupture énonciative. / This thesis investigates the use of reporting clauses and reporting parentheticals in final and medial position in direct and indirect (reported) speech. Traditional grammatical models seem to offer no satisfactory explanation as regards to final and medial positions of the reporting clause or parenthetical within the sentence. Though grammatical descriptions give formal structure to the phenomenon, they also tend to limit its scope and need to be stretched to accommodate the reality of reporting clauses and parentheticals in literary texts.Analysing medial and final reporting clauses within the framework of French théorie de l’énonciation shows that they blur the frontier between reported and non-reported speech more often than not. From a literary point of view, medial and final positions can be considered as choices made for stylistic reasons, in which case the emphasis is put on reporting clauses as creating textual cohesion rather than causing rupture within the narrative.

Esta tese desenvolve uma análise estilística de algumas letras de Chico Buarque, com os objetivos de: mostrar uma herança estilística medieval presente em algumas letras, no que tange ao aspecto lírico; produzir um quadro estilístico-semântico com marcações semióticas que orientam a interpretação das escolhas lexicais que caracterizam um resquício medieval do autor na obra estudada; e mostrar a importância da inter-relação entre som e expressividade, aliados ao valor semântico das palavras, selecionadas conforme o eixo paradigmático, e combinadas, segundo o eixo sintagmático, para dar nova significação às palavras, as quais se concretizam em ambigüidade, a seu turno, fonte de plurissignificação. Os pressupostos das diferentes teorias estilísticas com um apoio subliminar da Semiótica de Peirce servem de moldura para a leitura dos textos musicais, demonstrando-lhes o potencial indicial, simbólico e semântico captáveis nas letras de música de Chico Buarque, além de identificar-lhe o estilo pessoal e documentarem a malemolência expressivo-comunicativa da língua portuguesa que vem desde as cantigas medievais. / This work presents a stylistics analysis Chico Buarques lyrics songs., objectifing show a stylistics-semantic medieval heritage present in some lyric songs. This study aims to produce a stylistics-semantic sight linguistic with semiotic inclination which steer the interpretation of the lexical choices that characterize a medieval grain in this author and his particular style. It shows clearly the importance of the inter relationship between sound and expressiveness, backed by the semantic value of the words, which are selected according to the paradigmatic axis, and which are matched according to the sintagmatic axis with the aim of creating difficulties to the reader. Thus these words end up in ambiguity which is in itself the source to multi signification. The supports of the different stylistics theories with a hidden aid of Peirces Semiotics are used as a guide to reed musical texts, demonstrating the iconic, index and symbolical and semantic potentials in the reading of these song lyrics. Then to show the linguistic performance of Chico Buarque and the expressive and communicative potential of Portuguese language which has come from the medieval ditties.

A dissertação ora apresentada traz em foco um homem da cultura musical nordestina de grande valor. Referimo-nos a João do Vale, O poeta do povo. Suas produções musicais refletem a cultura de uma parcela significativa do povo brasileiro, o nordestino. Canto do poeta do povo: um estudo nas letras de João do Vale analisa as letras das canções do primeiro disco deste compositor, por entendê-las no contexto em que foram produzidas e examina-as no seu processo de atuação dos anos 60 em que, sem cortar vínculos com o sertão nordestino, ligou-se às questões políticas, social e cultural de todo o país. Abordam-se as canções populares como ferramenta eficaz para atrair a atenção dos educandos, para o estudo dos fatos da língua portuguesa nos diferentes contextos em que ela se apresenta, por meio de temas instigantes, tal como a ditadura e a cultura popular do homem do sertão. Entre as várias possibilidades de estudo da língua, privilegiou-se estudar a estilística como ciência da expressividade, dando ênfase à estilística poética, pela força da poeticidade de João do Vale mostrada quando externa à poesia simples e aos ensinamentos sábios do povo. Ao apontar caminhos para o estudo da língua portuguesa através das produções musicais populares, em especial as letras de João do Vale divulga-se seu trabalho e torna-se conhecida a trajetória e a produção deste cancioneiro maranhense que, na leveza de sua expressividade, no anseio de ser compreendido e ver valorizada a história de seu povo, registrou-a com musicalidade / The dissertation presented here brings into focus a reputed man of the musical culture of the Northeast of great value. We refer to João do Vale "The poet of the people." His music reflects the culture of a significant portion of the Brazilian people, the Northeast. Canto do poeta do povo: a study in the lyrics from João do Vale analyzes the lyrics of the first album by this composer understand them in the context in which they were produced and examined in the process of operation from the 60s that without cutting laces with the northeastern hinterland engaged himself in the political, social and cultural development of the whole country. His folk songs are approached as effective tools to attract the attention of students to the study of the facts of the Portuguese language in different contexts in which they are presented, through-instigating themes, such as dictatorship era and popular culture of the country man. Among the various possibilities of language study, it was privileged studying the science of how stylistic expressiveness emphases stylistic poetic, through the poetic force from João do Vale when he externalizes the simple poetry and teachings of wise people. As pointing the way for the study of the Portuguese language through popular musical productions, especially the lyrics from João do Vale is to disseminate his work and make known the history and production of this maranhense songmaker that in smooothness of its expressiveness, the longing to be understood and prized to see the history of his people recorded it with musicality

Esta tese desenvolve uma análise estilística de algumas letras de Chico Buarque, com os objetivos de: mostrar uma herança estilística medieval presente em algumas letras, no que tange ao aspecto lírico; produzir um quadro estilístico-semântico com marcações semióticas que orientam a interpretação das escolhas lexicais que caracterizam um resquício medieval do autor na obra estudada; e mostrar a importância da inter-relação entre som e expressividade, aliados ao valor semântico das palavras, selecionadas conforme o eixo paradigmático, e combinadas, segundo o eixo sintagmático, para dar nova significação às palavras, as quais se concretizam em ambigüidade, a seu turno, fonte de plurissignificação. Os pressupostos das diferentes teorias estilísticas com um apoio subliminar da Semiótica de Peirce servem de moldura para a leitura dos textos musicais, demonstrando-lhes o potencial indicial, simbólico e semântico captáveis nas letras de música de Chico Buarque, além de identificar-lhe o estilo pessoal e documentarem a malemolência expressivo-comunicativa da língua portuguesa que vem desde as cantigas medievais. / This work presents a stylistics analysis Chico Buarques lyrics songs., objectifing show a stylistics-semantic medieval heritage present in some lyric songs. This study aims to produce a stylistics-semantic sight linguistic with semiotic inclination which steer the interpretation of the lexical choices that characterize a medieval grain in this author and his particular style. It shows clearly the importance of the inter relationship between sound and expressiveness, backed by the semantic value of the words, which are selected according to the paradigmatic axis, and which are matched according to the sintagmatic axis with the aim of creating difficulties to the reader. Thus these words end up in ambiguity which is in itself the source to multi signification. The supports of the different stylistics theories with a hidden aid of Peirces Semiotics are used as a guide to reed musical texts, demonstrating the iconic, index and symbolical and semantic potentials in the reading of these song lyrics. Then to show the linguistic performance of Chico Buarque and the expressive and communicative potential of Portuguese language which has come from the medieval ditties.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Joalis de Oliveira.pdf: 28694748 bytes, checksum: 68410188d2dc1262cc33e4ba352d1d4d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-14 / CAPES / Before the discussions on difficulties in the teaching of Portuguese Language (LP), present reality in primary schools – especially with regard to grammar teaching – it is aimed in this work, discuss the normative teaching of grammar, the possibilities of language as a process of interaction (mediated dialogue) and build a syntax educational proposal for elementary school (especially for 9th grade), from the stylistic-enunciative perspective. Proposal to take the student to identify other syntax learning opportunities, going beyond the normative-prescriptive perspective. Thus, it was defined as a guiding object of study of this research, the syntax of education along the lines of stylistic of enunciation. This research was based on the theoretical studies and the Bakhtin Circle (2000, 2009) on dialogism and genres, (2013) on the stylistic mother tongue teaching, in addition to reflections on stylistic: Mattoso Jr. (1978), Martins (1997) and Miller (2005), which traced the historical background of traditional and underlying concepts Stylistics. This bibliographical and documentary research, qualitative-interpretative held in a municipal school in elementary school in the town of Solânea/PB, constituted from theoretical discussion, field research with 02 (two) LP teachers, analysis syntactic activities in the Textbook (TB) and in selected grammars, and, finally, construction of one (01) didactic proposal. It was found that the teaching and learning of grammar (syntax) can not give up, effectively, from single, isolated sentences, unlinked text (gender), since any education geared to the linguistic and structural aspects of the genre should start the genre itself, and not without this. So work the syntax from the stylistic as a constituent element of the statement may be a way of fundamental importance for the study of mother tongue, as revealed mainly that the individual style of the individual student to point to all the enunciation without annulling its identity, makes sure to be a mere builder of phrases, sentences and periods, to be a builder of texts (genres), making it possible to individuality dialogue with the heterogeneity of language. / Diante das discussões sobre dificuldades no ensino de Língua Portuguesa (LP), realidade presente nas escolas de ensino básico – principalmente no que diz respeito ao ensino de gramática – objetivou-se, neste trabalho, discutir o ensino normativo da gramática, as possibilidades da linguagem enquanto processo de interação (mediada pelo diálogo) e construir uma proposta de ensino de sintaxe para o Ensino Fundamental (especialmente para 9° ano), a partir da perspectiva estilístico-enunciativa. Proposta que levasse o aluno a vislumbrar outras possibilidades de aprendizagem da sintaxe, indo além da perspectiva normativo-prescritiva. Para tanto, foi definido como objeto de estudo norteador desta pesquisa, o ensino de sintaxe nos moldes da estilística da enunciação. Esta pesquisa teve como base teórica os estudos bakhtinianos e do Círculo (2000, 2009) sobre dialogismo e gêneros textuais, (2013) sobre estilística no ensino de língua materna, além das reflexões sobre estilística de: Mattoso Câmara Jr. (1978), Martins (1997) e Monteiro (2005), que traçam o percurso histórico da Estilística tradicional e conceitos subjacentes. Esta pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, de cunho qualitativo-interpretativo, realizada numa escola municipal de Ensino Fundamental, no município de Solânea/PB, constituiu-se a partir de discussão teórica, pesquisa de campo com 02 (duas) professoras de LP, análise de atividades sintáticas no Livro Didático (LD) e nas gramáticas selecionadas, e, por último, construção de 01 (uma) proposta didática. Constatou-se que o ensino-aprendizagem de gramática (sintaxe) não pode dar-se, efetivamente, a partir de frases soltas, isoladas, desvinculadas do texto (gênero), visto que qualquer ensino voltado aos aspectos linguístico-estruturais do gênero deve partir do próprio gênero, e não desprovido deste. Assim, trabalhar a sintaxe a partir da estilística como elemento constituinte do enunciado pode ser um caminho de fundamental importância para os estudos da língua materna, pois revelou, principalmente, que o estilo individual do sujeito aluno ao apontar para o todo enunciativo, sem que anule a sua identidade, faz com que deixe de ser um mero construtor de frases, orações e períodos, para ser um construtor de textos (gêneros), tornando possível a sua individualidade dialogar com a heterogeneidade própria da linguagem.

O objetivo desta dissertação é estudar as escolhas e as criações lexicais de Mário de Andrade nas suas obras poéticas mais representativas da década de 20: Pauliceia desvairada; Losango cáqui e Clã do jabuti. Sob a ótica da Estilística Léxica e com auxílio da Semântica, recolhemos e analisamos as criações lexicais resultantes da necessidade estilística. Entendemos que elas foram escolhidas por Mário de Andrade para acentuar a expressividade de seu texto e procuramos demonstrar, através da sua inserção em campos-léxico-semânticos, a existência de temas reveladores da visão de mundo do autor e da época. As obras analisadas evidenciam a ampliação do território poético de Mário de Andrade que parte da cidade de São Paulo, em processo de urbanização, para abraçar o país multicultural. Através dos temas e das escolhas lexicais feitas, o poeta-enunciador, ao usar a máscara do arlequim, transfigura-se em poeta-arlequim, poeta-soldado e em poeta-antropólogo sugerindo, assim, a aproximação ou o afastamento de determinado grupo social. / The purpose of this dissertation is to study the choices and the lexical creations by Mário de Andrade in his most representative poetic works in the twenties: Pauliceia desvairada, Losango cáqui and Clã do jabuti. From the Lexical Stylistics point of view and with the Semantic\'s help, we collected and analyzed the lexical creations resulting from stylistic necessities. We understand that those were chosen by Mário to enhance the expressiveness of his text and we try to evidence, by inserting them in lexical-semantic-fields, the existence of themes revealing the poet\'s particular view of his world and time. The present work evidences the enlargement of Andrade\'s poetic territory which starts in a São Paulo city in urbanization process to embrace the whole multicultural country. Based on the themes and lexical choices made, the enunciator-poet, when uses the harlequin\'s mask, transfigures himself in a harlequin-poet, a soldier-poet and in a anthropologist-poet suggesting, in this way, the proximity or distance from specific social groups.

A presente pesquisa tem como finalidade apresentar uma leitura da obra poética de Giacomo Leopardi, com um olhar atinente à estilística. A fim de abrir horizontes, no sentido de novas pesquisas e perspectivas da poética leopardiana, escolheu-se fazer um cotejo entre poemas selecionados e as suas traduções em língua portuguesa do Brasil, paralelamente, de modo que a análise estilística, feita em etapas, contribua para mostrar o sentido presente no texto poético, sentido esse que pode estar alterado na versão traduzida. Quatro foram os poemas escolhidos: Il passero solitario, Linfinito, Canto notturno di un pastore errante dellAsia e La ginestra, o il fiore del deserto, representando um conceito que circula há tempo, mas que se acredita manter a sua importância, referente às fases do pessimismo leopardiano: individual, histórico, cósmico e heroico. / The present study is to present a reading of the poetry of Giacomo Leopardi, with a look regards on the stylistic. In order to open horizons to new research and perspectives of Leopardi´s poetry we chose to make a comparison between the selected poems and their translations into Portuguese of Brazil, in parallel, so that the stylistic analysis, done in stages contributes to show the sense in this poetic text, meaning that it can be altered in the translation. Four poems were chosen: Il passero solitario, Linfinito, Canto notturno di un pastore errante dellAsia e La ginestra, o il fiore del deserto, representing a concept that circulate for some time, but believed to remain important, on stages of Leopardi´s pessimism: individual, historical, cosmic and heroic.

This essay uses corpus linguistic methods to study aspects of the novel Vanity Fair by W M Thackeray. The aim is to study the way Thackeray chose to describe his two female protagonists, Rebecca Sharp and Amelia Sedley. This is accomplished by a closer study of keywords in Vanity Fair, created by using a reference corpus consisting of thirteen novels by Victorian authors. These keywords are used to define semantic fields related to the novel. Keywords from the semantic field closest to the protagonists are studied in context. In addition, adjectives that collocate with the names of the protagonists are analyzed to compare the characterization of each woman. The study indicates that Thackeray has used fewer adjectives to describe Amelia than Rebecca, but that he has used these more frequently, which may cause readers to form a stronger mental picture of Amelia’s character sooner than they do for Rebecca’s.