Esta pesquisa estuda o comportamento dos meios impressos de comunicação, denominado inação midiática, em relação às manifestações populares subalternas. Aborda algumas características da mídia impressa hegemônica e seu papel de informar com o objetivo de colaborar na construção de uma sociedade que valorize seus diversos bens culturais. O estudo analisa, como exemplo, as singularidades de dois importantes veículos da mídia impressa paulista, os jornais Folha de S.Paulo e O Estado de S.Paulo. A tese que aqui se apresenta propõe o aprofundamento epistemológico da relação entre a mídia impressa, a sociedade por meio de ações de políticas públicas adequadas e a cultura popular subalterna, agrupando-as em dois eixos fundamentais de reflexão: a relação mídia e sociedade globalizada, articulando conceitos de cidadania e cultura, e a relação mídia e novas tecnologias, investigando os efeitos globalizantes e os benefícios provenientes dos novos protagonistas midiáticos para a cultura subalterna. / This research studies the behavior of the print media, termed media inaction, in relation to subaltern popular manifestations. Discusses some characteristics of the hegemonic print media and its role of informing in order to collaborate in building a society that values its various cultural goods. This study analyses, for example, the singularities of two major newspapers of São Paulo: Folha de S.Paulo and O Estado de S.Paulo. This thesis suggests a epistemological deepening of relation between the print media, society through appropriate actions of public policies and subaltern popular culture, grouping them into two main axes of reflection: the relation media and globalized society, articulating concepts of citizenship and culture, and the relation media and new technologies, investigating the globalization effects and the benefits from the new media protagonists for the subaltern culture.

Nos últimos anos, o Brasil tem testemunhado o surgimento de uma produção literária com características muito próprias do nosso tempo: seus autores são periféricos (favelados), sua forma e conteúdo derivam do momento de extrema violência que assola grande parte da população. Exemplar desta produção, o livro de Ferréz, Capão Pecado é primeiramente publicado em 2000. O objetivo desta dissertação é analisar o romance, compreendendo-o dentro de um escopo maior, que abarca outros setores, da arte e da política. Para isso, a teoria pós-colonial, assim como um estreito diálogo com uma parte da tradição crítico-literária brasileira são utilizadas. / In the last few years, Brazil has witnessed the appearance of one type of literary production whose characteristics are typical or our times: its authors are from the suburbs (the slums), its form and content derive from the extreme violence imposed to a great part of the population. An example of this literary production, Ferrézs book, Capão Pecado is first published in 2000. This dissertation aims at analyzing the novel, understanding that it belongs to a greater scope, that comprehends other spheres of the arts and politics. In order to do so, the post-colonial theory will be used, as well as a great deal of the Brazilian literary theory tradition.

This thesis is a multidisciplinary endeavor that draws on theories from Visual Culture Studies, Subaltern Studies and Critical Theory. The discourses of these areas interact in various ways in order to analyze representations of subaltern groups in National Geographic magazine. We see these representations as multimodal cultural texts that mobilize historical, sociological, political, economic, aesthetic and philosophical elements. We do close reading of the visual and verbal texts that the magazine produces on the subaltern in order to show that we get to know more about the Western conceptual world through these representations than on the Other since the conceptual categories National Geographic uses are culture specific and not universal. We show that both the discourse of the magazine and that of the researcher doing the analysis are products of their locus of enunciation and its historical context. We finally emphasize the importance of admitting the power of mediation when we talk about anthropological representations. The magazine uses an apparently scientific discourse in order to validate the truthfulness of its representations. However, its science is formed by concepts expressive of the Western cultural hegemony which seeks to construct knowledge that is rooted in power. / Esta tese é um projeto multidisciplinar, que se baseia em teorias de Cultura Visual, Estudos Subalternos e Teoria Crítica. Os discursos dessas áreas interagem de várias maneiras com o objetivo de analisar as representações de grupos subalternos na revista National Geographic. Vemos essas representações como textos culturais multimodais que mobilizam elementos históricos, sociológicos, políticos, econômicos, estéticos e filosóficos. Fazemos uma leitura dos textos visuais e verbais que a revista produz sobre o subalterno, a fim de mostrar que acabamos sabendo mais sobre o mundo conceitual ocidental através dessas representações do que sobre o Outro, uma vez que as categorias que a National Geographic usa são específicas da cultura ocidental e não universais. Mostramos que tanto o discurso da revista quanto o do pesquisador que faz a analise das representações são produtos de seu locus de enunciação e seu contexto histórico. Finalmente, enfatizamos a importância de admitir o poder de mediação quando falamos sobre representações antropológicas. A revista usa um discurso aparentemente científico, a fim de validar a veracidade de suas representações. No entanto, sua ciência é formada por conceitos da hegemonia cultural ocidental, que procura construir conhecimento que está enraizado no poder.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:16:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Alex Fabiano de Toledo.pdf: 1321962 bytes, checksum: 1014f42e5f129e02936d8c9c4d73b806 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This thesis focuses on category classes and subaltern groups based on Antonio Gramsci and his theorization by Social Service in Brazil in the past decades. The aim of this paper was to examine the theorization of the category classes and subaltern groups by Social Services. The research problematized in what dimension category classes and subaltern groups acquire relevance in the Gramscian thought and how it is theorized by the Social Service. This is a study within theoretical framework, which used bibliographical and documental references for investigation, having Pre-Prison Writings, The Prison Notebooks, with emphasis on Notebook 25 as its main sources, as well as publications from four Social Service authors whom used Gramsci as their reference. Through exploratory, reflective, interpretive and critical readings, the thesis responds to the problem of the investigation, having as results that Gramscis‟ interest on the category classes and subaltern groups is connected to the creation of a methodological historiography of these classes and groups for elaboration of its history and construction of political and revolutionary strategy for overcoming subalternity, as the Brazilian Social Service theorizes Gramscian category classes and subaltern groups as being the conductor thread to overcoming subalternity, related to Professional Ethical-Political Project in reaffirming the compromise with classes and subaltern groups, and in the strategic contribution of social transformation. The results suggest the importance in distinguishing terms such as: subaltern, subalternity and Gramscian category classes and subaltern groups, as well as many levels of subalternity. This thesis proposes widening and use of the politicization of this category by Social Service articulated unit of elaborations, as it refers to overcoming subalternity, as a unit of the revolutionary thought of Antonio Gramsci and the formulation of the researched authors in Social Service. Therefore, it is essential to apprehend the historicity of the category classes and subaltern groups whereas political categories in the traditional Marxist framework on transformation of the capitalist society / A presente tese estuda a categoria classes e grupos subalternos no pensamento de Antonio Gramsci e sua teorização pelo Serviço Social no Brasil nas últimas décadas, com o objetivo de examinar a teorização da categoria classes e grupos subalternos pelo Serviço Social. Problematizamos em que medida a categoria classes e grupos subalternos adquire relevância no pensamento gramsciano e como é teorizada pelo Serviço Social. Este é um estudo de caráter teórico, e para a investigação utilizamos a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, tendo como principais fontes os escritos pré-carcerários, os Cadernos do Cárcere, com destaque para o Caderno 25, assim como publicações de quatro autoras do Serviço Social com referência em Gramsci. Através das leituras exploratória, reflexiva, interpretativa e crítica, respondemos ao problema de investigação, tendo como resultados que o interesse de Gramsci sobre a categoria das classes e grupos subalternos está ligado à criação de uma metodologia de historiografia destas classes e grupos para a elaboração de sua história e construção da estratégia política e revolucionária de superação da subalternidade, assim como o Serviço Social brasileiro teoriza a categoria gramsciana classes e grupos subalternos sendo o fio condutor a superação da subalternidade, relacionado ao Projeto Ético-Político da Profissão na reafirmação do compromisso com as classes e grupos subalternos e na contribuição estratégica de transformação social. Tal resultado sugere a importância em distinguir os termos subalterno, subalternidade e a categoria gramsciana classes e grupos subalternos, bem como os vários níveis de subalternidade. Propomos o aprofundamento e a politização do uso desta categoria pelo Serviço Social articulado à unidade das elaborações, no que se refere à superação da subalternidade enquanto unidade do pensamento revolucionário de Antonio Gramsci e as formulações das autoras pesquisadas do Serviço Social. Daí ser imprescindível a apreensão da historicidade da categoria classes e grupos subalternos enquanto categoria política nos marcos da tradição marxista de transformação da sociedade capitalista

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eliane da Costa Ribeiro Azor.pdf: 779386 bytes, checksum: 3328862f551e823855adfdd45b08c913 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-04 / Whether the law can be emancipator is the question this text proposes to answer from the point of view of Boaventura de Sousa Santos. The approach is to analyze the conditions of the crisis in law in capitalist societies since it was transformed in a kind of state and scientific law and has been the only form of law validates in those societies. In response, the author proposes a new use of the law, through the cosmopolitan subaltern legality. A law capable of serving the subalterns movements as an instrument of social emancipation / Saber se o direito pode ser emancipatório é a questão que este texto se propõe a responder, sob o ponto de vista de Boaventura de Sousa Santos. A abordagem parte de uma análise das condições da crise em que se encontra o direito nas sociedades capitalistas desde que foi transformado em direito estatal e científico e esta passou a ser a única forma de direito válida nessas sociedades. Como resposta, o autor propõe um novo uso do direito, através da legalidade cosmopolita subalterna, capaz de servir aos movimentos e lutas subalternos, resgatando assim o potencial do direito como instrumento de emancipação social.

As guerras são acontecimentos que provocam a elaboração de narrativas que estão relacionadas com o nacionalismo e a identidade das nações. Esta dissertação de mestrado tem como principal objetivo a análise de algumas narrativas nacionalistas elaboradas a partir da experiência da Guerra do Paraguai, buscando conferir especial atenção para as representações referentes aos grupos sociais subalternos presentes nelas. Para tanto, foram adotadas como fontes centrais de pesquisa as seguintes obras: Traços biographicos da heroína Jovita Alves Feitosa, ex-sargento do 2º. Corpo de Voluntários do Piauhy, redigido por um enigmático autor fluminense; A retirada da Laguna, de Alfredo dEscragnolle Taunay; Reminiscências da Campanha do Paraguai, de Dionísio Evangelista de Castro Cerqueira; e Viagem militar ao Rio Grande do Sul, de Luís Filipe Maria Fernando Gastão de Orléans, o Conde dEu. A idéia principal consiste em avaliar em que medida as imagens de indivíduos dos grupos populares foram utilizadas para a construção de discursos que buscavam legitimar e preservar uma determinada relação social e de poder. / The elaboration of narratives about wars is in general related to nationalism and nation identity. This Thesis intends to analyze certain narratives related to the Paraguayan War. It aims to give special attention to the representations concerning the subaltern groups. For this purpose, the main sources of this research are the following: Traços biographicos da heroína Jovita Alves Feitosa, ex-sargento do 2º. Corpo de Voluntários do Piauhy, written by an enigmatic Fluminense author; A retirada da Laguna, by Alfredo d\'Escragnolle Taunay; Reminiscências da Campanha do Paraguai, by Dionísio Evangelista de Castro Cerqueira; and Viagem militar ao Rio Grande do Sul, by Luís Filipe Maria Fernando Gastão d\'Orléans, Count d\'Eu. The central idea is to evaluate the extent to which images of popular groups were used to legitimize a dominant power position.

The thesis attempts to describe resistance in terms of history, space, and identity in Michael Ondaatje¡¦s The English Patient. The first chapter of the thesis sets out to elaborate the historical context of the novel, and its influence on the subaltern personas. The chapter aims to demonstrate how postcolonial literature rejects Western official history, providing an alternative voice for the subaltern subjects in the novel. In the second chapter I focus on the spatial politics of the novel, bringing geographical and bodily space into discussion by means of adopting the concepts of de- and re-territorialization. It designates how the broken geography and the wounded body characterize the marginalized characters and their dwelling space. Chapter Three is dedicated to the study of the personas¡¦ identity and their relationships, which are formed and developed under emotions of lack and desire. In this chapter I also discuss the intertextuality of the novel, exemplifying how the novel mirrors other literary works and art works, borrowing yet subverting the classics of Western civilization. In The English Patient, Ondaatje voices for the subaltern, adopting Western classics as the objects of revision. He maps the resistance of the subaltern on the ruins of the Western classics by rewriting the Empire¡¦s histories, space and subaltern identities. The mergence of alternative histories and spaces interweaves a fictional world that is divergent from the official Western world.

This study is aimed at analyzing how contemporary urban Aymara youth hip hoppers and bloggers are creating their identities and are producing discourses in texts and lyrics to contest racist and colonial discourses. The research is situated in Bolivia, which is currently engaged in a cultural and political revolution supported by Indigenous movements. Theoretically the study is framed by a multi-perspective conceptual framework based on subaltern studies, coloniality of power, coloniality of knowledge, interculturality and decolonial theory. Aymara young people illustrate the possibility of preserving Indigenous identities, language, and knowledge while maximizing the benefits of urban society. This challenges the colonial ideology that has essentialized the rural origin of Indigenous identities. Moreover, this research argues that the health of Indigenous languages is interconnected with the health of the self-esteem of Indigenous people. Additionally, this study provides information about the relation of youth to the power of oral tradition, language policies, and the use of technology.

In recent years there has been an increasing demand for a reform of the UN system at the national level. Objecting to a failure in aid effectiveness and a paternalistic implementation of a rigid western model of human rights, the call for reform has been concretised in the Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness (2005), the Hanoi Core Statements on Aid Effectiveness (2005) and the General Assembly Resolution A/60/1(2006), which recognize the need for a more effective and coherent UN country presence. The One UN reform – Delivering as One – is currently being piloted in eight different countries, one of them Viet Nam. One of the main principles governing the reform is the shift of power as to who directs the UN’s resources. The principle of increased national ownership is juxtaposed with the fact of a government repressing its people, as is the case in Viet Nam. This thesis builds upon a field study in Viet Nam, addressing issues of human rights violations, the Communist Party’s rhetoric of protecting the people, and the UN’s rhetoric of expertise conditioned by western thought. The question of whether the subaltern can speak is again raised here, as is further inquiries on whether the Government of Viet Nam and/or the UN hears and/or listens to it. Utilizing Jürgen Habermas’ theory of communicative action to theorise the agencies of The Government of Viet Nam and the One UN, and by placing them in a Habermasian polity of communicative action, it becomes possible to view this occurring encounter of ideologically governed actors in a new light, and inquire as to whether it is possible to reach an understanding and coordinate plans of action by way of agreement. This thesis sheds light on and problematizes issues of western presence, communicative action, the colonial civilizing project, subalternity, as it is activated in the context of Viet Nam and in the principles of the UN reform.

The overarching aim of this study is to trace evidence of resistant behaviour among subordinate groups in the first forty years of Fiji's colonial history (1874-1914). By rereading archival materials "against the grain", listening to oral history, and engaging postcolonial scholarship, the study intends to disturb accepted ways of understanding Fiji's past. This approach reveals the existence of numerous people, voices, and events which until recently have remained largely on the margins of Fiji's process of historical production. As a chronological survey, the study produces a body of evidence which uncovers a rich array of forms of resistance. The points at which these forms of resistance engaged dominant culture are divided into two broad categories. The first examines several forms of organized resistance such as the Colo War of 1876, the Tuka Movement of 1878 to 1891, the Seaqaqa War of 1894, the Movement for Federation with New Zealand from 1901 to 1903, the Viti Kabani Movement of 1913 to 1917, and the various instances of organised labour protest on Fiji's plantations. The second addresses everyday forms of resistance in the villages and plantations such as tax and land boycotts, violence and retributive justice, avoidance protest, petitioning, and various aspects of women's resistance. In their entirety these aspects of resistance reveal a complex web of relationships between powerful and subordinate groups, and among subordinate groups themselves. These conclusions preclude framing resistance as a totality and advocate instead a conceptualization of resistance as a multi-layered and multi-dimensional reality. In contributing to the reconstruction and revision of Fiji's early colonial history, the study seeks to both clarify and complicate future research in the area.