<p>COVID-19 forced mass transitions to remote working across industries, significantly so in Higher Education Institutes (HEIs). ICT divisions were significantly tested as the provided service and support for remote work/learning. The purpose of this research is to characterize successful ICT practices in support of remote work/learning within HEIs. </p> <p><br></p> <p>This study investigates the current literature on HEIs, remote work ICT support, and Critical Success Factors (CSFs). Gaps in the current knowledge inform investigation into the factors of successful support as identified by HEI ICT professionals. A narrative literature review is conducted to explore the research on HEIs, remote work ICT support, and CSFs. Thereafter, subject matter experts are interviewed through a semi-structured interview approach. Content analysis is employed to characterize successful ICT support to remote work within HEIs. </p> <p><br></p> <p>While ICT support took on many different approaches in HEIs across North America, several themes emerged as consistent to providing successful ICT support to remote learning. The characteristics of successful support to remote work/learning are organized under the following themes: leadership qualities, customer emphasis, RW ICT tools, organizational factors, and combating digital inequity. This study offers practitioners areas of consideration to examine their plans and policies. </p> <p><br></p> <p>Future research is proposed to include studies on other emergency events, the impacts of covid lockdown on future policies, military education, and demographic specific research. Remote work practices and strategies vary greatly by industry and organizational structure. This research focuses on HEIs thus generalizability may be limited. </p>

En dynamisk och komplex omvärld ställer allt större krav på förnyelse och organisatorisk anpassning. I många organisationer har agila arbetssätt blivit populära. Storskaliga agila transformationer kan dock i praktiken vara svåra att genomföra. Dessutom kan agilitet och en hierarkisk organisationsstruktur vara svåra att kombinera. Studiens syfte är att söka kunskap om förutsättningar som påverkar en storskalig agil transformation inom en statlig myndighet. För studiens analysmodell identifierades initialt, med grund i tidigare forskning inom organisatorisk förändring, tre utmaningar och fem framgångsfaktorer. Studiens empiriska material bygger på sju intervjuer med anställda på Skatteverket. Baserat på studiens resultat kompletterades analysmodellen med två utmaningar och två framgångsfaktorer specifika för Skatteverkets transformation. Studiens resultat visade att utmaningarna decentraliserad utveckling, arbete med värdeströmmar och synkronisering av styrning har varit framträdande. Motstånd till förändring och uppföljningsmetodik ansågs inte ha varit reella. Framgångsfaktorerna pilotstudie, stöd från ledningen, utbildning och coachning, kulturanpassning, eldsjälar och införandestrategi ansågs ha varit viktiga för Skatteverket. Vision och kommunikation ansågs inte ha varit av större betydelse. / In our dynamic and complex world organizations are facing an increased demand for renewal and flexibility. Many organizations now shift to becoming agile. Large scale agile transformations are however difficult to practically implement. Moreover, combining hierarchical organizational structures and agile ways of working might be challenging. The aim of this study is to seek knowledge about which conditions that are affecting large scale agile transformations within a state agency. Three challenges and five success factors were identified for the model of analysis based on previous research within the field organizational transformation. Data was gathered through seven interviews with employees at Skatteverket. Based on the result of the study two new challenges and two new success factors were added to the model of analysis. The results show that decentralized development, value streams and synchronization of management have been prominent challenges for Skatteverket. Resistance to change and follow-up methodology were not as evident. The success factors pilot study, support from management, education and coaching, adaptation of culture, agile enthusiasts and implement strategy have been important for Skatteverket. Vision and communication were not as important.

Companies use merger and acquisitions, M&amp;A, as a strategic choice to boost the firm. But even though M&amp;As are a common way to boost the company, the failure rate is 70-90%, indicating the need to explore success factors. The objective of this study is therefore to establish a deeper understanding about how a Swedish firm conducts an acquisition, to give insights about essential elements during the acquisition process. This is achieved by answering the research questions: what are the success factors influencing the performance of an acquisition in Sweden, as well as how is the acquisition process successfully managed in a Swedish firm. By investigating these questions, the study will give insights about essential elements during the acquisition process, with the aim to increase the success rate. By analysing the management team within one single company, we were able to investigate a single case deeply and acquire their opinions and ideas. Due to the fact the managers are the ones steering and controlling the firm, it was necessary for us to comprehend their opinions. The study has taken a qualitative research approach, and six semi-structured interviews were held with the management team of our analysed firm. The empirical material has been analysed and compared with previous research within the subject. The theoretical framework discusse dM&amp;As by covering the subjects, management, organisational change, culture, and success factors. Based on the empirical findings along with previous scientific articles, the research questions have been analysed and answered in the conclusion. Conclusively, we found eleven different success factors influencing the performance of an acquisition in Sweden, whereas seven of them have been found earlier in various studies and the additional four comes from our empirical findings. The additional four success factors are to be flexible, to be present, stand on common ground, and establish fellowship with the employees. The conclusion of adding these four comes from the greatest obstacle an organisation can face during an acquisition, getting the staff on board. Our second research question was about how the acquisition process is successfully managed in a Swedish firm. Where the conclusion is that the analysed firm endeavours to be honest and open with the employees, as well as being present and on site. Furthermore, the senior managers surround themselves with people they believe in. This to achieve the capacity to acquire another company. When looking at a potential firm the analysed firm believes it can be beneficial to have a sceptical mindset, to minimise the risk of making wrong estimation of the synergies. When the firm has acquired another firm, the senior managers strive to be flexible, and have the ability to adjust their leadership style depending on the situation.

Stockholm upplever en ökad urbanisering, en fastighetsbransch som är i ständig tillväxt, denlängsta bostadskön i historien och en vakansgrad på kontorsfastigheter som är rekordlåg. Denintensiva marknadskonkurrensen tvingar fastighetsorganisationer att anta strategier för attsäkerställa överlevnad, tillväxt och utveckling i en snabbväxande miljö. I detta avseende blirorganisatoriska metoder och tekniker ett särskilt viktigt forskningsämne. Fastighetsföretagensframgångar bör fånga samtligas uppmärksamhet då dessa är av stor vikt för ett områdesekonomiska och sociala liv.Denna studie placeras i detta teoretiska ramverk och syftar till att identifiera framgångsfaktorernaför fastighetsägande bolag i Stockholmsregionen, ur ett allmänt samt förvaltningsperspektiv.Studien siktar även på att undersöka eventuella skillnader i kritiska framgångsfaktorer beroendepå vilken typ av fastigheter företagen är specialiserade inom. Vidare lyfter studien fram eventuellaskillnader i kritiska framgångsfaktorer beroende på geografiska lägen samt om det finns enpåverkan i beslut för fastighetsägande bolag att expandera på nya orter. För att uppnå studienssyfte har författarna intervjuat sex fastighetsbolag relaterade till förvaltningssektorn i Stockholmsamt Hans Lind, f.d. professor i fastighetsekonomi på KTH. Intervjuer administrerades via telefonsamt möten med respondenter. Den studerade modellen ger en översikt som kan, på ett översiktligtsätt, användas av företag för egen analys av framgångsfaktorer.Forskningen presenteras i fyra huvuddelar. Den första delen går igenom fastighetsindustrinsegenskaper i Stockholm, specificerar forskningsproblemet samt fastställer den konceptuellaanalysen av fastighetsbranschens interna faktorer. Den andra delen består av en litteraturstudie omkritiska framgångsfaktorer i allmänhet samt i en förvaltningsmiljö. Den tredje delen fastställermetoden och tolkningen av resultaten som följer de genomförda intervjuerna. Slutligen avslutasrapporten med en allmän slutsats samt rekommendation. Slutsatsen visar att en gemensam kritiskframgångsfaktor för samtliga fastighetsägande bolag är att erbjuda en lokal närvaro inom sinabestånd. En större skillnad i kritiska framgångsfaktorer har inte visats sig finnas mellan studeradefastighetssektorer. Vidare anser samtliga bolag att det finns en skillnad i kritiska framgångsfaktorerberoende på geografiskt läge, dock påverkar det inte beslutet huruvida man ska man expandera tillnämnda läge eller inte. / The real estate industry in Stockholm is in growth, urbanization is continuous, the housing queueis longer than ever before and the vacancy rate for office spaces is at a record low. The intensivemarket competition forces real estate organizations to adopt strategies to ensure survival, growthand development in a fast-growing environment. In this regard, organizational methods andtechniques has become a prioritized field of study. The real estate companies' success should catcheveryone's attention as these are of great importance for the economic and social life of an area.This study is placed in this theoretical framework and aims to identify the critical success factorsfor property owning companies in Stockholm, both from a holistic and property managementperspective. The study also aims at investigating any differences in critical success factorsdepending on what type of real estate the company is specialized in. Furthermore, the studyhighlights if there are any differences in critical success factors depending on geographicallocations and whether it has an influence on property companies’ decisions on whether to expandin new locations. The methodology of the study includes interviews with six real estate companiesrelated to the property management sector in Stockholm, as well as Hans Lind, ex professor in realestate economics at KTH. The interviews were administered by phone calls and personal andrecorded meetings with respondents. The model studied provides an overview that can easily beused by companies for internal analysis of critical success factors.The research is presented in four main parts. The first part encompasses the characteristics of thereal estate industry in Stockholm, specifies the research problem and determines the conceptualanalysis of the real estate industry's internal factors. The second part consists of a literature studyon critical success factors in general and in a facility management environment. The third partestablishes the method and interpretation of the results that follow the conducted interviews.Finally, the report ends with a general conclusion and recommendation. Our conclusion indicatethe existence of a common critical success factor for all property-owned companies participatingin the study: to offer local presence within owned holding. There is no significant variation amongcritical success factors depending on the companies included in study. Furthermore, all companiesconsider that there is a difference in critical success factors depending on geographical location,but it does not affect the decision whether to expand to said position or not.

In today's digital era, Digital Transformation (DT) is crucial in empowering businesses to maintain competitiveness. However, many firms find it difficult to successfully implement DT projects, and many have had unsatisfactory results. As a result, Information technology (IT) organizations offer advisory services to assist other businesses in their DT efforts. There haven't been many empirical studies looking at digital transformation projects within IT organizations, despite the fact that IT companies are quite knowledgeable about the success elements required for the digital transformation projects of their clients to succeed. This study will answer the question, what are the success factors in digital transformation in an IT Company in Sweden. The research strategy was a case study that was applied at a Swedish IT Company. Semi-structured interviews with seven staff members who were involved in DT projects that had been successfully completed at the company were used to get the primary data. The participants in the study were chosen using a non-probability sampling method, and the results were analyzed using thematic analysis. The framework for technology-organization-environment (TOE) was used to categorize the success factors for DT that were identified in the literature. The study's conclusions identified seven potential DT success factors. The findings were categorized using TOE framework. Two of the potential DT success factors discovered are related to the technological context, five are related to the organizational context, and two are related to the environmental context. The identified potential success factors in DT are also categorized into ten different sub-themes, of which seven subthemes are similar to those identified during the literature review in chapter two, while three of the subthemes are newly identified. The newly identified sub-themes are presence of skilled IT professionals, flexible goals towards digital transformation, and Access to Information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure. The outcomes of this study have the potential to provide valuable insights for IT companies in Sweden that are currently involved in or planning digital transformation initiatives. The identified success factors can assist these companies in their digital transformation journey by offering guidance and direction.

Through mergers and acquisitions, automotive manufacturers can gain access to intellectual property and the ability to release advanced products and services at a faster pace and a decreased cost. This is achieved through integrating the product development capabilities of the merged or acquired companies. This study aimed to identify key success factors and challenges in product development integration by using the Traton Group as a case study, specifically two collaborations between their subsidiaries, Scania and Navistar. Interviews were performed with key product development resources at all three companies, as well as employees working in roles to enable collaboration within the Traton Group. The results confirm the importance of all success factors found in previous research on R&amp;D integrations and how the success factors impact each other. They also show how the collaborations between Scania and Navistar have evolved and improved over time. Finally, they highlight the importance of common IT tools as enablers of collaboration, particularly in collaborations with intensive software development work. The study compares Traton’s integration strategies against previous research, and concludes that Traton is on the right track. However, the interviewees' responses indicated a desire for increased involvement from the corporate parent Traton in the collaboration work. / Genom företagsförvärv kan fordonstillverkare få tillgång till immateriella rättigheter och möjligheten att släppa avancerade produkter och tjänster i snabbare takt och lägre kostnad. Detta uppnås genom att integrera produktutvecklingskapaciteten hos de sammanslagna eller förvärvade företagen. Denna studie syftade till att identifiera viktiga framgångsfaktorer och utmaningar i produktutvecklingsintegration genom att använda Traton Group som en fallstudie, närmare bestämt två samarbeten mellan deras dotterbolag Scania och Navistar. Intervjuer utfördes med produktutvecklingsresurser på alla tre företagen, samt anställda som arbetade att möjliggöra samarbete inom Traton Group. Resultaten bekräftar vikten av alla framgångsfaktorer som hittats i tidigare forskning om FoU-integrationer och hur framgångsfaktorerna påverkar varandra. De visar också hur samarbeten mellan Scania och Navistar har utvecklats och förbättrats över tid. Slutligen lyfter de fram vikten av gemensamma IT-verktyg som möjliggörare av samarbete, särskilt i samarbeten med intensivt mjukvaruutvecklingsarbete. Studien jämför Tratons integrationsstrategier med tidigare forskning, och drar slutsatsen att Traton är på rätt väg. Intervjupersonernas svar tydde dock på en önskan om ökat engagemang från företagsföräldern Traton i samverkansarbetet.

This study aims to identify and examine the key success factors for companies in the financial sector that seek to use artificial intelligence (AI) to enhance their operations. Through a quantitative survey conducted among companies already utilizing or planning to use AI technology, the study seeks to gain a deeper understanding of the challenges and requirements that companies face in effectively implementing and harnessing AI.    The findings from the study will be utilized to develop advice and recommendations that can support companies in their endeavors to leverage AI technology. By providing insights and strategic guidance, the study can assist companies in planning and executing their own AI initiatives more successfully within the financial sector.    A central research question addressed by the study is: What are the key success factors for companies seeking to use AI to enhance their operations in financial services? Through analyzing the survey responses, the study will contribute to the knowledge of how companies in the financial sector can benefit from AI and overcome potential obstacles. The overarching goal is to promote more efficient utilization of AI technology within financial services while ensuring companies' success and competitiveness in today's fast-paced and technology-driven business environment.    The results indicate that companies in the financial sector recognize the significance of data accessibility and quality as critical success factors, according to the respondents. Furthermore, the findings reveal that ethical, social, and political considerations related to AI are of importance, but there exists a degree of disagreement among respondents regarding the importance of these issues. These conclusions, together with prior research in the field, can inform the development of strategies and actions that foster responsible and successful use of AI in financial services.

Many people feel anxious about a change, at the same time we live in a society that is changing at an ever-increasing rate. The changes can be big or small, and through theories from change management, it has become a well-studied topic how an organization can push through a change in a structured way. A change that many organizations choose to undergo is to implement new ERP-systems, which is considered a major change for an organization. When implementing business systems, the failure rate is high and to minimize the risk of failure, critical success factors have been developed, where one of the factors is management. Through semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis, this study has investigated what expectations there are of management before a business system change. Which resulted in 11 expectations that give a clearer picture of what, when and how management can work to reduce employees' concerns about the ERP-system change and minimize the risk of failing with its implementation. / Många människor känner oro inför en förändring, samtidigt lever vi ett samhälle som förändras i allt högre takt. Förändringarna kan vara stora som små och genom teorier från förändringsledning har det blivit ett välstuderat ämne hur en organisation på ett strukturerat sätt kan driva igenom en förändring. En förändring som många organisationer väljer att genomgå är att implementera nytt affärssystem, vilket anses vara en stor förändring för en organisation. Vid implementering av affärssystem är misslyckande graden hög och för att minimera risken för ett misslyckande har kritiska framgångsfaktorer tagits fram, där en av faktorerna är ledningen. Denna studie har genom semistrukturerade intervjuer och tematisk analys undersökt vilka förväntningar det finns på ledningen inför ett affärssystemsbyte. Vilket resulterade i 11 förväntningar som ger en tydligare bild över vad, när och hur ledningen kan arbeta för att minska medarbetarnas oro inför affärssystemsbytet och därmed minimera risken att misslyckas med sin implementering.

Studien syftar till att synliggöra hur verksamma lågstadielärare arbetar med elever som har neuropsykiatriska funktionsnedsättningar (NPF-diagnoser) i det ordinarie matematikklassrummet. Bakgrundsdelen inleds med en redogörelse för hur matematiksvårigheter kopplat till olika NPF-diagnoser ser ut. Därefter tas begreppet inkluderande matematikundervisning upp samt förslag på hur lärare eller andra pedagoger kan jobba med dessa elever i skolan, detta baserat på tidigare, vetenskaplig forskning. Studiens data har samlats in genom kvalitativa intervjuer med fem lågstadielärare på skolor runt om i landet. Intervjuerna spelades in som ljudfiler för att sedan transkriberas och tolkas utifrån innehållsanalysen olika steg. Studien har sin teoretiska utgångspunkt i det sociokulturella- samt i det relationella perspektivet. Resultat visar att elever med NPF-diagnoser drar nytta av att följa en tydlig struktur som upprepar sig från lektion till lektion. Eftersom eleverna ofta har bristande uppmärksamhets- och koncentrationsförmåga är det viktigt att de får kortare arbetspass, blandat med mer pauser än övriga klasskamrater. Vidare visar resultatet att det är viktigt att eleverna får möjlighet att variera sina arbetssätt och arbetsformer, samtidigt som de får kontinuerlig återkoppling och stöd under hela undervisningsprocessen. / The purpose of the study is to highlight how primary school teachers work in the regular classroom while teaching pupils, diagnosed with neuropsychiatric disabilities, mathematics. The background section begins with an account of how mathematics challenges, associated with these specific disabilities, may appear. Thereafter the concept of inclusive mathematics teaching is discussed along with suggestions on how teachers and other educators can work with these pupils, based on previous scientific research. The study data has been gathered through qualitative interviews with five primary school teachers in schools throughout the country. The interviews were recorded as audio files to later be transcribed and interpreted in regards to the content of the analysis' different steps. The study has its theoretical point of departure in the sociocultural, but also in the relative perspective. The result shows that pupils with neuropsychiatric disabilities benefit from following a clear structure which is repeated from lesson to lesson. Since the pupils often lack attention and concentration ability it is important that they have shorter work periods along with more frequent breaks than other classmates. Furthermore, the result shows that it is important that the pupils have the opportunity to vary their working methods and working routines, while at the same time receiving continuous feedback and support throughout the entire teaching process.

This study is intended to identify which factors that influence the success of initiatives in Customer Relationship Management, usually abbreviated as CRM. In the course of this study we have been in contact with forty-two companies operating in Sweden within eleven different sectors in order to find out how they operate regarding CRM initiatives, particularly initiatives within marketing and promotions.  Against the data collected during the study it was concluded that the companies working with CRM believed that the CRM initiatives resulted in higher profitability and created more loyal customers. At the same time it was evident that the companies had different views on CRM as a method and its benefits. The majority of the companies could not present any tangible results from CRM-initiatives. It was also revealed that decisions regarding CRM initiatives were based on subjective assessments and without theoretical foundation. Based on the data collected nine factors were identified to affect the success of CRM initiatives. By placing the identified factors in a theoretical context a model could be developed which demonstrates the complexity that needs to be considered when applying CRM. Our hope is that the developed model can be used by companies before deciding on new investments in CRM initiatives or when evaluating existing initiatives. Future studies will have to show if this work contributed to a better understanding of CRM initiatives potential and impact. / Detta arbete söker identifiera vilka faktorer som påverkar framgången i ett företags satsning på Customer Relationship Management, vanligtvis förkortat som CRM. I samband med arbetet har vi varit i kontakt med fyrtiotvå företag verksamma i Sverige inom elva branscher för att ta reda hur de arbetar med CRM inom marknadsföring och utformning av kampanjer till kunder. Mot bakgrund av datainsamlingen kunde det konstateras att tron på CRM som verktyg för att nå en högre lönsamhet och skapa lojalare kunder var stor hos företagen. Samtidigt framkom en bild av att företagen hade väldigt olika syn på hur CRM ska användas och dess fördelar. Majoriteten av företagen kunde inte visa vilka konkreta resultat CRM-satsningar gett. Beslut fattades utifrån subjektiva värderingar och utan teoretisk förankring. Utifrån resultaten av datainsamlingen kunde nio olika faktorer identifieras vilka påverkar CRM-satsningars framgång. Genom att placera de identifierade faktorerna i en teoretisk kontext kunde en modell utarbetas vilken påvisar komplexiteten som måste beaktas vid användning av CRM. Vår förhoppning är att den framtagna modellen kan användas inför beslut om nya investeringar i CRM-lösningar eller för att utvärdera befintliga investeringar. Framtida studier får visa om detta arbete bidragit till en ökad förståelse om CRM:s potential och genomslagskraft.