Bakgrund: I Sverige är barnmisshandel olagligt, ändå förekommer det och skapar förödande konsekvenser för barnen. Sjuksköterskor har en skyldighet att anmäla vid misstanke om barnmisshandel. Trots detta är anmälningsbenägenheten låg. Syfte: Att belysa sjuksköterskans upplevelse av att bemöta och hantera situationer där ett barn misstänks bli utsatt för våld i nära relationer. Metod: En kvalitativ litteraturöversikt baserad på 10 vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: I studien framkommer det fyra huvudkategorier som besvarar syftet. Svårt att bemöta föräldrarna, Svårigheter i att anmäla, Osäkerhet i identifiering, bedömning och definition samt Behov av stöd. Huvudfynden som framförs är en upplevd känslomässig påfrestning vilket försvårar arbetet runt fallet och att vara professionell. Även en osäkerhet och okunskap kring hur patientfallen ska hanteras. Slutsats: Den gemensamma upplevelsen var osäkerhet som är ett återkommande begrepp i sjuksköterskans upplevelser. Osäkerheten fanns både i att definiera, identifiera, bedöma samt anmäla. Det framkommer ett behov av bättre stöd från kollegor och tydligare riktlinjer för att stärka sjuksköterskan i att hantera situationen. / Background: In Sweden, child abuse is illegal, yet it still occurs and creates devastating consequences for children. Despite nurse’s obligation to report suspected child abuse, there is a low tendency to report. Aim: To shed light on the nurses’experience of responding to and handling situations where a child is suspected of being exposed to violence in close relationships. Method: A qualitative literature review based on 10 scientific articles. Results: In the study, four main categories emerged. Difficult to meet the parents, Difficulties in reporting, Uncertainty in identification, assessment and definition and A need for support. The main findings that are presented are a perceived emotional strain which makes it more difficult to be professional in the situation. Also an uncertainty and ignorance about how patient cases should be handled. Conclusion: The common experience was uncertainty, which is a recurring concept in the nurses’ experiences. The uncertainty existed in defining, identifying, assessing and reporting. There is a need for a better support system including support from colleagues and clearer guidelines that focus on strengthening the nurse’s ability to handle situations of abuse

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This qualitatively oriented Practical Theology research project was based on a narrative enquiry into the spiritualities of five Christ-followers. These conversations occurred within a small group context, and were aimed at enabling the participants to co-author preferred spiritual ways of being. Because of my commitment to reflexive research practice, other voices and perspectives were invited into the research process. Besides sharing in numerous reflexive conversations with my supervisors, I brought into the group three 'outside voices'. By sharing their stories, these 'outside voices' challenged privatised expressions of spirituality, introducing a 'hermeneutic of suspicion' into the research process and enabling the research participants to wrestle with the challenges of a compassionate and ethical spirituality. In this conversational journey I was able to engage the central research question of whether a group narrative approach can facilitate the intention of Practical Theology to transform human life. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematical Theology / M. Th. (Practical Theology with specialisation in Pastoral Therapy)

Enligt svensk lag har förskoleanställda en obligatorisk skyldighet att anmäla till socialtjänsten vid misstanke om att ett barn far illa. Trots detta uteblir många anmälningar även när misstanke finns. Syftet med denna studie är främst att undersöka och öka förståelsen för vilka faktorer förskoleanställda själva anser påverka deras beslut att anmäla misstankar om att ett barn far illa. Vidare undersöks hur väl förskoleanställdas tankemönster kring barn som far illa samt deras egen roll i "anmälningsprocessen" överensstämmer med de överlevnadsstrategier som definierats av Dr. Kari Killén. Studien genomfördes genom kvalitativa intervjuer med fyra respondenter som arbetade på samma förskola. Resultaten jämfördes med tidigare forskning kring ämnet och Dr. Killéns psykologiska perspektiv om olika överlevnadsstrategier. Resultatet analyserades och jämfördes även med det sociologiska perspektivet Symbolisk interaktionism. I sitt beslut om huruvida respondenterna anmälde misstanke om att ett barn far illa eller inte ansåg de själva sig påverkas av osäkerhet och rädsla att missta sig, stöd från kollegor och chefer, relationen och lojaliteten hos föräldrarna eller att föräldrarna t.o.m. byter förskola. De ansåg sig även påverkas av personliga erfarenheter (delvis av socialtjänsten), socioekonomisk status samt handlingsplaner. Starka kopplingar till både den tidigare forskningen, Symbolisk interaktionism samt Dr. Killéns överlevnadsstrategier kunde även påvisas. / According to Swedish law, pre-school staff has a mandatory duty to notify social services if they suspect that a child is mistreated. Despite this, many fail to report even when suspicions have arisen. The primarily aim of this study is to investigate and gain greater understanding of the factors considered by preschool staff when deciding whether to report suspicions of a child being mistreated. Their own thoughts regarding their tendency to report such suspicions are therefore further investigated. The paper also explores whether the thoughts of preschool staff regarding child abuse and their own role in the reporting process correspond with the survival strategies described by Dr. Kari Killén. The study was conducted through qualitative interviews with four respondents who worked at the same preschool. The results were compared with previous research in the field, the sociological perspective Symbolic interactionism and the psychological perspective of different survival strategies defined by Dr. Killén. 3 When deciding whether to report suspicions of child mistreating the respondents considered themselves to be influenced by insecurity and fear of making mistakes, losing support from colleagues and managers, destroying relationships and loyalty with the parents or even making them change preschool. They also thought they would be affected by personal experiences (partly of social services), socioeconomic status, as well as action plans. A strong connection to the previous research, Symbolic interactionism and Dr. Killéns survival strategies was revealed by the interviews.

This qualitatively oriented Practical Theology research project was based on a narrative enquiry into the spiritualities of five Christ-followers. These conversations occurred within a small group context, and were aimed at enabling the participants to co-author preferred spiritual ways of being. Because of my commitment to reflexive research practice, other voices and perspectives were invited into the research process. Besides sharing in numerous reflexive conversations with my supervisors, I brought into the group three 'outside voices'. By sharing their stories, these 'outside voices' challenged privatised expressions of spirituality, introducing a 'hermeneutic of suspicion' into the research process and enabling the research participants to wrestle with the challenges of a compassionate and ethical spirituality. In this conversational journey I was able to engage the central research question of whether a group narrative approach can facilitate the intention of Practical Theology to transform human life. / Philosophy, Practical and Systematical Theology / M. Th. (Practical Theology with specialisation in Pastoral Therapy)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:20:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Isabel.pdf: 1956650 bytes, checksum: 8d7b7d7a6a0e33883eade6c4a0ea55aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02-05 / The main objective of this research is to investigate the socio-religious potential of the popular reading of the Bible in function of transformation. In this research, we will analyze the thought of Carlos Mesters and its interpretation developed by the Center for Biblical Studies - CEBI. To reach our goal, we will work, particularly with two popular biblical readings, namely, "The way to Emmaus and The Popular Reading of the Bible: Searching for the Lost Coin , both used as a methodology for biblical reading within CEBI. These approaches of interpretation intend to go beyond the study of the biblical texts and seek to contribute to the process of conscientization towards transformation of the reality of domination and oppression. It is in this context that we study the critical feminist hermeneutics of liberation articulated by Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza, as an important tool to examine and dialogue with these popular approaches of reading. We relate the methodology of Cebi to a feminist and emancipatory paradigm of biblical interpretation. In addition to pedagogical and methodological issues, this enterprise results in the problematisation of some theological themes intrinsic to biblical interpretation, namely, the subject of interpretation, the analysis of reality and the criteria to define revelation and authority. From this dialogue between "popular reading of the bible" and "critical feminist hermeneutics of liberation , we come to the conclusion that the first, despite being defined as an approach to a liberating biblical interpretation shows some gaps in relation to this goal. From the analysis of the different methodological steps of interpretation and the theological themes, we perceive within Mesters´s project and more specifically in the project of CEBI, the absence of analytical tools which could facilitate the transformation of the concrete socio-religious realities, the analysis of the experiences of the subjects of interpretation, and the reflection on criterias to define the place of revelation and authority. The thesis is not intended to replace the popular method of Biblical reading by the hermeneutical dance proposed by Schüssler. The thesis instead tries to rethink the possibilities and problems of the popular biblical reading in its attempt to transform reality. In this sense, the dialogue with political emancipatory theories articulated theologically and biblically by Schüssler may be important for political and methodological reassessment of CEBI. (AU) / O objetivo central desta pesquisa é investigar o potencial de transformação sócioreligiosa da leitura popular da bíblia. Dentro desta abordagem de interpretação, serão analisados o pensamento de Carlos Mesters e suas reelaborações desenvolvidas pelo Centro de Estudos Bíblicos CEBI. Para tanto, trabalhar-se-á, particularmente, com dois textos metodológicos da leitura popular da bíblia, a saber, A Caminho de Emaús. Leitura bíblica e educação popular e A Leitura Popular da Bíblia: à procura da moeda perdida . Essas abordagens de interpretação têm como objetivo ir além do estudo dos textos bíblicos, ao pretender contribuir para com o processo de conscientização em vista da transformação da realidade de dominação e opressão. É neste contexto que se aponta a hermenêutica feminista crítica de libertação articulada por Elisabeth Schüssler Fiorenza, enquanto uma ferramenta importante no intuito de analisar e dialogar com tais abordagens de leitura popular, uma vez que parece articular mais seriamente um paradigma feminista emancipatório de interpretação bíblica. Este diálogo problematizará, para além da questão pedagógico-metodológica, alguns temas teológico-bíblicos que são intrínsecos à interpretação bíblica, a saber, os sujeitos da interpretação, a análise da realidade e os critérios para se definir a revelação e a autoridade. A partir deste diálogo entre leitura popular da bíblia e hermenêutica feminista crítica de libertação , chega-se a conclusão de que a primeira, apesar de se definir como uma abordagem de interpretação bíblica popular e libertadora, acaba por apresentar algumas lacunas em relação ao objetivo que se propõe concretizar. A partir da análise de todos os passos metodológicos de interpretação e de seus temas teológicos, constata-se, no interior do projeto de Mesters e, mais propriamente do CEBI, a ausência de uma ferramenta analítica que viabilize a transformação concreta das realidades sócio-religiosas, das experiências dos sujeitos da interpretação, bem como da escolha de critérios para se definir o lugar da revelação e da autoridade. A tese não visa substituir prontamente o método de leitura popular da bíblia pela dança hermenêutica proposta por Schüssler. A tese propõe, antes, repensar os encaminhamentos e ausências da leitura popular da bíblia em seus objetivos de transformação da realidade. Nesse sentido, a interlocução com novas teorias políticas emancipatórias articuladas teológico-biblicamente por Schüssler pode ser importante para uma reavaliação do projeto políticometodológico do CEBI(AU)

Si la manifestation de la vérité apparaît comme l’un des objectifs centraux du procès pénal, confronté à l’obstacle du doute, le droit doit bien souvent se contenter de vraisemblance. Pressés par les nécessités d’agir et de décider, les acteurs de la justice pénale ne pourront pas toujours attendre d’être absolument certains de leur opinion. Afin d’éviter l’écueil de l’immobilisme - qui serait préjudiciable à l’intérêt de la société - ou celui de la précipitation – qui serait préjudiciable à l’intérêt de l’individu -, le droit pénal organise une réaction fondée sur une réalité vraisemblable. La vraisemblance contribue ainsi à la réalisation prudente et efficace du droit pénal. Il faut alors admettre que si la vraisemblance n’est pas une notion spécifiquement juridique, il n’en demeure pas moins que le droit lui reconnaît des effets. L’ambition de cette étude est de démontrer que la vraisemblance innerve l’ensemble de la matière pénale et permet d’y introduire les garanties suffisantes d’objectivité dont elle a besoin, car seule l’existence hautement probable d’une réalité infractionnelle permet de forger le seuil de vraisemblance à partir duquel ce standard va pouvoir produire des effets de droit. Il est alors question d’identifier ces effets de droit, d’en démontrer les ressorts et de déterminer les possibilités de surpassement du doute qu’offre cette notion / If the manifestation of truth appears as one of the central objectives of the criminal trial, confronted with the obstacle of doubt, the law must often be satisfied with verisimilitude. Pressed by the necessity to act and decide, the actors of the criminal justice system can not always wait to be absolutely certain of their opinion. In order to avoid the pitfall of immobilism - which would be prejudicial to the interests of society - or that of precipitation - which would be detrimental to the interest of the individual - the criminal law organizes a reaction based on a plausible reality. The likelihood thus contributes to the prudent and effective realization of criminal law. It must be recognized, then, that while verisimilitude is not a legal concept, the fact remains that the law recognizes its effects. The ambition of this study is to demonstrate that the likelihood serves as a basis for the whole of penal matters and allows the necessary guarantees of objectivity to be introduced, since only a certain degree of conviction allows for the threshold of Likelihood that this standard will produce legal effects. It is then a question of identifying these legal effects, of demonstrating the springs and of determining the possibilities of overcoming the doubt that this notion offers. Likelihood is indeed a formidable tool for overcoming doubt, to which the law assigns two predominant roles : an operative role in the first place, by authorizing the investigating and investigating authorities to act in spite of their doubts. A probative role then, to the extent that the existence of certain facts presents such a likelihood that they benefit from a presumption of truth

This thesis is an attempt to contribute a fresh perspective on marriage and related subjects, making use of public theology in dialogue with the Christ narrative. The phenomena of post secularism, postmodernism and film hermeneutics are explored. Critical hermeneutics are used as a point of departure. This study aims to bridge the gap between the Christ narrative and public theology as it surfaces in the cinema. In Chapter 2 the terms of the concepts public theology and posttheism are investigated. Public theology is understood as the contribution of people in the public sphere participating in “God-talk”, as an exponent of post theism. Chapter 3 investigates the historical development of marriage. This investigation shows that social-political and philosophical influences caused different forms and models of marriage to evolve. It becomes clear that it is practically impossible to define one specific form of marriage that dominated history. Chapter 4 is divided into two parts. The first part explores New Testament texts related to the themes of marriage and relationships. It is shown that these New Testament texts are part of a broader context and therefore cannot be applied directly to marriage in modern times. On the other hand the Christ narrative, seen as an ancient biography, does outline important values applicable to marriage, intimacy and sexuality. These values were identified and are used in following chapters to define intimate relationships. The investigation of biblical models in the second part of this chapter shows that biblical models of marriage were also rooted within a historical situation. Certain values that are found within these models can still serve as guidelines for relationships, while others are influenced by an androcentric background. Chapter 5 is a theoretical investigation using Gerhard Ebelings’ “new hermeneutics” as model, applied to the field of the public theology of film. From a hermeneutical perspective recent films with biblical themes are important to communicate the gospel and morals in our times as the postmodern generation is primarily influenced by visual media. In Chapter 6 three films are discussed as examples of film hermeneutics and public theology: Roepman, As it is in heaven and Les misérables. Similarities with the Christ narrative surfaced, for instance: critique is expressed against destructive ideologies; selfless acts are commendable and unconditional love and acceptance, forgiveness, faith and hope are essential for an authentic existence. These films do not focus on ethical dogmas about marriage, intimacy and sexuality, although some ethical values can be derived. In the concluding chapter a bifocal melting of horizons, based on the findings of the research, are described. Both the public theology of film hermeneutics and the Sache Jesu highlight the importance of the inner values that constitute a meaningful relationship. The study argues that the church should reconsider their traditional view on marriage and sexual relationships by emphasizing the values found in the Sache Jesu instead of concentrating on enforcing the outward form of wedlock. In doing so, the church will help postmodern and postsecular people to again understand the meaning of a loving relationship in the presence of God. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / lk2014 / New Testament Studies / PhD / Unrestricted

This study is done from an autobiographical perspective. It focuses on three issues: myths, the resurrection of Jesus from death, and the canon. It approaches the traditional ecclesiastical and confessional teachings from the perspective of a postmodern hermeneutics of suspicion. Being autobiographical, the study is in the first place relevant for its author. In the second place, because he is a researcher, the study has also relevance for the scholarly community. The faith community also asks their questions. Then there is the institutionalized church that is a watchdog for the dogma, and, lastly there is the secular community who is also interested in the debate. The study aims to find answers to the question how the myth of Easter faith developed into kerygma, which became a text with canonical status? It is a search for the relationship between myth, resurrection and canon. On the issue of myth, the study concludes that myth is just as important to postmoderns as it were to their pre-modern ancestors. The Christ myth is a first century Mediterranean version of an ancient inherited subconscious archetypal myth. It represents stories in the language, symbols, and metaphors of the cultures and peoples in which it originated. It is language recycled. On the question about the resurrection, the study concludes that the Christ cult and its narratives developed within a mythological worldview. First, there was the kerygma of a dying and resurrected Christ. Then narratives, as material for preaching in the early congregations emerged around the figure of the historical Jesus. The resurrection as the content of the kerygma is perceived as mythical speech that serves as the foundational myth for the Christ cult. The third issue was about the documents called canon and questions such as how did it emerge, and how did it become authority bearing? To recap the argument: In the beginning, there was the kerygma! The content of this kerygma was the death and resurrection of Christ. During the development stages of the Christ myth, this kerygma was linked to the life and death of the historical Jesus. His story became a mythical narrative that serves as the foundational myth for the Christ cult. It explains its reason for existence and its rituals. As this faith community grew and became more and more institutionalized it produced more and more literature. Orthodoxy in early Christianity decided which of these writings contain the truth and the right teaching. They are the books, which became the index of what is called the Christian Bible today. The author of this study believes in a canon behind the canon. For him, the Jesus figure is the “vehicle” that makes the content of the kerygma accessible. He is a mythological figure, with historical roots that has become the observable face of God to Christians. The New Testament represents kerygmatic narrative with an invitation to its readers and hearers to join in this mythological experience and encounter with God. / Thesis (DD (New Testament))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / New Testament Studies / unrestricted

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