Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:00:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCSGV_DISSERT.pdf: 2411385 bytes, checksum: 4a42a73764ed85685b21a1e2942f69e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-04-26 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Although research in the field of performing arts has substantially advanced over the last century, the actor, in general, still needs a repertoire of specific references to guide or support his practice. But how the actor must work the material foundation of his art that is his own body? Starting from a prerogative of a idiosyncrasy that is part of theater, this study intend, from the description and reflection about one physical experience with the Tai Chi, to weave relations between this experience and the possible developments of acting preparation. This research is also aimed to highlight the elements of connection between the principles that rules Tai Chi and the body without organs, idealized by Artaud, with the perspective of pointing possible contributions for actors work. The work presented here refers to a qualitative study that considers the body experience in practice of Tai Chi as a reference to dialogue and reflect about the acting preparation. The process of acting preparation presupposes a constant redoing of the body by certain practices. My experience with Tai Chi within this research allowed me verify that the work from established body techniques could be a way of technical preparation for the actor. As the body conscience expands, Tai Chi promotes a greater freedom of creation and expression, giving the actor the possibility of experience the body without organs, the artistic equivalent of the daily body, present, conscious, the organic foundation of emotions, in wich it is possible the materiality of ideas / Embora a pesquisa no ?mbito das artes c?nicas tenha se desenvolvido substancialmente no ?ltimo s?culo, o ator, de modo geral, ainda hoje, carece de um repert?rio de referenciais espec?ficos para apoiar ou orientar sua pr?tica. Mas como o ator deve trabalhar a base material de sua arte, ou seja, seu pr?prio corpo? Partindo da prerrogativa de uma idiossincrasia presente no fazer teatral, este estudo pretende, a partir da descri??o e reflex?o acerca de uma viv?ncia corporal com o Tai Chi, tecer rela??es entre essa experi?ncia e os poss?veis desdobramentos com rela??o ? prepara??o do ator. A pesquisa tem por intuito tamb?m destacar os elementos de aproxima??o entre os princ?pios que regem a pr?tica do Tai Chi e o corpo sem ?rg?os, idealizado por Artaud, na perspectiva de apontar poss?veis contribui??es no que diz respeito ao trabalho do ator. O trabalho aqui apresentado refere-se a um estudo de natureza qualitativa que considera a experi?ncia do corpo na pr?tica do Tai Chi como uma refer?ncia para dialogar e refletir acerca da prepara??o do ator. No teatro, o processo de prepara??o do ator pressup?e um constante refazimento do corpo atrav?s de determinadas pr?ticas. A minha experi?ncia no Tai Chi no ?mbito dessa pesquisa me permitiu verificar que o trabalho a partir de t?cnicas corporais pr?-estabelecidas pode ser uma forma de preparo t?cnico para o ator. ? medida que amplia a consci?ncia corporal, o Tai Chi promove uma maior liberdade de cria??o e express?o e proporciona ao ator a possibilidade de experienciar o corpo sem ?rg?os, o equivalente art?stico do corpo cotidiano, a experi?ncia do corpo presente, consciente, a base org?nica das emo??es, atrav?s do qual ? poss?vel a materialidade das ideias

A queda em idosos é um problema significativo em saúde pública, já que este tipo de acidente pode resultar em fraturas, diminuição da mobilidade e aumento da mortalidade. Neste contexto, o Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) pode ser visto como uma prática corporal promissora na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Nesta dissertação, foram produzidos dois artigos. No primeiro, avaliamos a relação entre a prática de TCC, como atividade de grupo em uma Unidade de Saúde, no equilíbrio estático e dinâmico de idosos. Para isto, 80 idosos da comunidade (≥ 60 anos) foram convidados a realizar entrevista e avaliação de equilíbrio e a participar de um grupo de TCC (amostra por conveniência). Os participantes foram avaliados antes e seis meses após o treinamento da “Sequência Simplificada de TCC de 24 Movimentos” (baseada no estilo Yang), 1x/semana. As 19 pessoas que frequentaram ≥8 aulas foram consideradas praticantes. Foram realizadas 26 aulas durante o estudo, com uma média de 18 participantes. Ocorreu uma melhora de aproximadamente dois pontos na Escala de Equilíbrio Funcional de Berg (p<0,001) no grupo de praticantes sendo que 100% destes, ou melhoraram ou mantiveram os escores anteriores. Tratase de uma das primeiras avaliações da prática de TCC realizada no âmbito da APS, no Brasil. No segundo artigo, (um relato de experiência) descrevemos as condições necessárias para a prática do TCC e o programa de treinamento de forma detalhada. Concluindo, o TCC é uma prática corporal utilizada para a promoção da saúde. Acreditamos ser possível sua inserção na APS trazendo, desta forma, benefícios na melhora do equilíbrio de idosos da comunidade. / Falls in the elderly is a significant problem in public health, since this type of accident can result in fractures, decreased mobility and increased mortality. In this context, the Tai Chi Chuan (TCC) can be seen as a promising body practice in Primary Health Care (PHC). In this dissertation, two articles have been produced. In the first article, we evaluated the relationship between the practice of TCC, as a group activity in a Health Unit in static and dynamic balance in elderly people. In order for this to happen, 80 community elderly (≥ 60 years) were invited to participate in interviews and evaluations of balance and as well as in a TCC group (convenience sample). Participants were evaluated before and six months after the training of “24 simplified TCC forms” (based on Yang style), 1x/week. The 19 people who attended ≥ 8 classes were considered practitioners. During the study, 26 lessons were conducted, with an average of 18 participants. There was an improvement of approximately two points on the Berg scale of balance performance (p <0.001) in the group of practitioners and 100% of these, either maintained or improved their previous scores. This is one of the first evaluations of the practice of TCC within the PHC, in Brazil. In the second article (an experience report) we described the necessary conditions for the practice of TCC and the training program in detail. In conclusion, TCC is a body practice that is used to promote health. We believe it is possible its insertion into the PHC bringing thus benefits in improving balance of older adults.

Le travail présenté dans cette thèse traite les séquences nominales en français écrit employées seules en dehors des énoncés verbaux, munies cependant d’une référence au monde. Dans le but d’apporter un nouvel éclairage sur de telles séquences nominales, traitées traditionnellement dans le cadre de la phrase, i.e. d’une relation prédicative entre deux termes, nous les appelons énoncés nominaux et adoptons la perspective de la grammaire japonaise qui n’est que partiellement influencée par la logique occidentale. Dans la théorie des Jutsu-tai/ Kan-tai (énoncés verbaux/ énoncés nominaux) de YAMADA Yoshio 山田孝雄 (1936), l’un des précurseurs de la grammaire japonaise, à laquelle nous recourons particulièrement, l’énonciation nominale s’explique, et ainsi s’oppose à l’énonciation verbale, par son mode d’embrayage particulier ; alors que la référence au monde des Jutsu-tai (énoncés verbaux) se définit au plan sémantico-syntaxique par la présence d’un verbe saturé et conjugué, les Kan-tai, les énoncés composés d’une séquence nominale qui n’a en soi aucune prédilection pour une fonction syntaxique spécifique, acquièrent leur énonçabilité en énonciation, par le mode même de l’énonciation. Ce mode, « Yobikake shij-suru yôtai (mode de désigner par appellation) » (YAMADA), que nous traduisons plutôt « désignation in situ », se caractérise par la mise en relation in situ entre l’énonciateur et l’entité désignée par la séquence nominale. Ce qui distingue l’énonciation nominale d’avec l’énonciation verbale qui n’est autre chose qu’une mise en relation prédicative entre deux termes du même niveau sémantico-syntaxique. / The purpose of this study is to investigate the noun phrases in written French outside of the context of verbal utterances, but nevertheless referring to the world. In order to illuminate such nominal phrases from a new angle, which have traditionally only been considered with respect to the sentence, i.e. to the predication between a subject and a predicate, this study calls them nominal utterances and adopts the perspective of Japanese grammar, which has not been influenced by the logic of Occidental grammar. In the definitions of Jutsu-tai and Kan-tai put forth by YAMADA Yoshio 山田孝雄 (1936), — verbal utterance and nominal utterance, respectively — a foundational text on Japanese grammar to which this study engages with, YAMADA defines nominal enunciations in contrast to verbal enunciations as a specific mode of anchoring. Whereas the reference to the world of Jutsu-tai (verbal utterances) is defined at the semantic-syntactic level by the presence of a conjugated verb with its arguments, (Kan-tai), utterances consisting of a noun phrase, which are not intended to assume a specific syntactic role per se, acquire the possibility of functioning as an utterance by the mode of enunciation itself. This mode, called « Yobikake shij-suru yôtai (mode of designation by naming) » (YAMADA), which this study translates as “designation in situ,” is characterised by establishing the relationship between the utterer and the referent of the noun phrase. This relationship distinguishes the nominal enunciation from the verbal enunciation by establishing the relationship between two arguments at semantic-syntactic level.

Dans une première partie, une approche sociohistorique permet de dénaturaliser les catégories d'arts martiaux et de sports de combat forgées par des acteurs sociaux en lutte pour le contrôle d’un champ. Cette première étape permet d'identifier trois idéaux types : les combats codifiés, les combats culturalisés et les pratiques de self-defense. La deuxième partie démontre à partir des données de terrains recueillies que le Tai-chi peut être analysé comme une technique de soi et l’école de Tai-chi comme un dispositif visant à l’incorporation d’un éthos confucéen par les élèves. La troisième partie montre la subjectivation des élèves repose sur l’incorporation d’une culture kinesthésique. Cependant, les élèves transforment le dispositif d’éthopoïèse confucéen du maître en un dispositif d’exopoïèse. Le « Ren », forme idéalisée du lien social confucéen, devient une forme de non-lien social permettant d’enraciner l’école dans un imaginaire exotique. L’école devient ainsi un espace d'altérité radicale permettant un déplacement récréatif, une sublimation du quotidien. Cet espace devient ainsi un lieu privilégié de réinvention de soi. / In the first part of thesis, a socio-historical analysis allows an unnaturalision of the concept of martial arts and combat sport created by social actors in their struggle for controlling a field. This first step enables us to identify three ideal types : the codified combat, culturalised combat and self-defence practice. The second part shows from the field data that Tai-chi could be analysed as a technology of the self and the Tai-chi school as an apparatus aiming at the embodiment of a Confucian ethos by the students. The third part points out that the student subjectivation lies on the embodiment of a kinaesthetic culture. However, the student transforms the Confucianist éthopoïesis apparatus into an exopoïesis apparatus. The « Ren », an idealised form of Confucianist social relations became a form of non-social relations rooting the school in an exotic imaginary. The school thus became a space of radical alterity enabling a recreative shift, a sublimation of everyday life. Thus, the school became a favoured place of self-reinvention.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 25-28, 1999 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / This paper describes the current internationally recognized atomic time scales of International Atomic Time (TAI), Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), and Global Positioning System (GPS) Time as well as solar based Universal Time. The concept of Leap Seconds and the differences between the time scales are discussed. A brief history of the international agreements that created organizations responsible for maintaining these time scales is provided. A brief review of the GPS 1999 (Week Number Roll Over) WNRO with its potential GPS user problems is provided. Prudent personal precautions are proposed for the Year 2000 (Y2K) Rollover.

published_or_final_version / Social Work / Master / Master of Social Work

Title: Selected exercise trends and its effect on trunk stabilization function in dialysed patients - overview of the literature. Objective: Objective of this diploma thesis was to obtain and compare available studies dealing with exercise trends such as yoga, pilates, tai chi and balance training devices and to evaluate their effect on musculature which participates on trunk stabilization system of dialysed patients. Methods: This diploma thesis has descriptively-analytical character and is structured in a form of literary review. Results: Issue of dialysis in connection with trunk stabilization system has not been sufficiently explored yet in literary sources.In conclusion, there were no studies found dealing with effects of particular exercise trends on spine stabilization system of dialysed patients.In order to comprehend this issue an overview was written to define the effect of such trends on dialysed patients. Also, complications arising from renal failure and dialysis were mentioned such as hypertension, diabetes melitus and obesity.The effect of these trends on trunk stabilization system of healthy population as well as patients suffering from chronic back pain was described too. Conclusion: Some extent of coherence was found between strengthening musculature which plays an important role...

A Inseminação Artificial (IA) é a biotécnica que proporciona a maior pressão de seleção no melhoramento genético de um rebanho e, portanto deveria ser imprescindível na pecuária moderna. A ineficiência na detecção de estro e a baixa ciclicidade ovariana no período pós-parto constituem um grande entrave na aplicabilidade de programas de IA. Frente a estas dificuldades, o uso da Inseminação Artificial em Tempo Fixo (IATF) vem incrementando os resultados obtidos, uma vez que elimina a necessidade de observação de estro e induz a ciclicidade de vacas em anestro pós-parto. Nos protocolos de IATF é de fundamental importância o uso dos dispositivos intravaginais para liberação de progesterona (P4). No mercado atual, estes dispositivos importados são fabricados à base de silicone, um polímero biocompatível, porém não biodegradável. Recentemente, dispositivos intravaginais de P4, incorporada à matriz polimérica biodegradável de poli-hidroxibutirato (PHB), vêm sendo estudados. Este trabalho teve como objetivo comparar a eficiência, em programa de IATF, de um novo dispositivo intravaginal (Progestar®), na taxa de prenhez, em bovinos da raça Nelore, com a do dispositivo à base de silicone, DIB®, atualmente disponível no mercado brasileiro. Foram utilizadas 240 vacas da raça Nelore, em um delineamento de blocos casualizados generalizados, divididas em dois grupos (controle - DIB® e tratamento - Progestar®, usados nos protocolos de sincronização e IATF). Foram realizados 2 experimentos distintos: no primeiro experimento utilizaram-se dispositivos de 1º uso (n=136), enquanto que no segundo experimento, dispositivos de 2º uso (n=104). As taxas de prenhez, decorrentes da IATF (TPIATF) e ao final da estação de monta (TPEM) (variáveis dependentes), foram comparadas por análise de variância, separando o efeito de tratamento, dos blocos e das interações. No experimento 1: não houve interação das variáveis com o tratamento; não houve efeito de tratamento sobre a TPIATF (DIB® - 66,7% e Progestar® - 65,8%) nem sobre a TPEM (DIB® - 95% e Progestar® - 94,7%); houve interação entre período pós-parto (PPP) e escore de condição corporal (ECC). Animais no PPP1 (45 a 70 dias) e ECC4 apresentaram resultados inferiores na TPIATF em relação aos animais ECC5 e 6; houve também interação entre PPP e escore de condição ovariana (ECO), em que animais no PPP2 (71 a 90 dias) que não estavam ciclando apresentaram resultados inferiores de TPIATF, em relação aos animais ciclando; e também não houve efeito das demais variáveis sobre a TPIATF e TPEM. No experimento 2: não houve interação das variáveis com o tratamento; não houve efeito de tratamento sobre a TPIATF (DIB® 2 - 61,6% e Progestar® 2 - 55,8%) nem sobre a TPEM (DIB® 2 - 94,2% e Progestar® 2 - 88,5%); houve interação entre categoria animal (Cat) e PPP, em que primíparas no PPP1 (32 a 55 dias) apresentaram resultados inferiores na TPEM em relação às primíparas no PPP2 (56 a 90 dias); houve também interação entre PPP e ECC, em que animais no PPP2 e com ECC4 apresentaram resultados inferiores de TPEM, em relação aos animais com ECC5; e também houve efeito negativo do PPP1 sobre a TPIATF e de um dos touros na TPEM. Após a realização do experimento concluiu-se que o Progestar® possui semelhante eficiência na taxa de prenhez, quando comparado ao DIB® e que ambos tratamentos têm potencial para proporcionar TPIATF acima de 50% e TPEM acima de 90%. / The artificial insemination (AI) is a biotechnique that causes the fastest genetic improvement of a herd and, therefore should be essential in the modern livestock. Heat detection inefficiency and low ovarian ciclicity in the postpartum period establish a great obstacle on applicability of AI programs. In front of these difficulties, the use of timed artificial insemination (TAI) improves the results, because eliminates the heat detection and induces the ciclicity of cows in anestrous postpartum. In TAI protocols is fundamental the use of intravaginal devices for releasing progesterone (P4). In the current market, these devices are imported and made of silicone, a biocompatible polymer, but not biodegradable. Recently intravaginal progesterone devices made of PHB, a biodegradable polymer, have been studied. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency, in TAI program, of a new intravaginal device (Progestar®), on pregnancy rate, in Nelore cows, with a device made of silicone DIB®, currently available in the brazilian market. Were used 240 Nelore cows, in a generalized randomized block design, divided in two groups (control - DIB® and treatment - Progestar®, used in the synchronization protocols and TAI). Two experiments were done: the first experiment used new intravaginal devices (n=136), while the second experiment utilized used intravaginal devices (n=104). The pregnancy rates, of TAI (TAIPR) and breeding season (BSPR) (dependent variables), were compared by analysis of variance, separating the treatment, blocks and interactions effect. In experiment 1: there was no interaction between variables and treatment; there was no effect of treatment on TAIPR (DIB® - 66,7% and Progestar® - 65,8%) and on BSPR (DIB® - 95% and Progestar® - 94,7%); there was an interaction between postpartum period (PPP) and body condition score (BCS), in which animals in PPP1 (45 to 70 days) and BCS4 showed inferior results on TAIPR related to animals BCS5 and 6; there was also an interaction between PPP and ovary condition score (OCS), in which animals in PPP2 (71 to 90 days) not cyclic showed inferior results on TAIPR, related to cyclic animals; and there was also no effect of variables on TAIPR and BSPR. In experiment 2: there was no interaction between variables and treatment; there was no effect of treatment on TAIPR (DIB® 2 - 61,6% and Progestar® 2 - 55,8%) and on BSPR (DIB® 2 - 94,2% and Progestar® 2 - 88,5%); there was an interaction between animal category (Cat) and PPP, in which primiparous in PPP1 (32 to 55 days) showed inferior results on BSPR, related to primiparous in PPP2 (56 to 90 days); there was also an interaction between PPP and BCS, in which animals in PPP2 and BCS4 showed inferior results on BSPR, related animals BCS5; and there was also negative effect of PPP1 on TAIPR and one of the bulls on BSPR. This experiment showed that the Progestar® had the same efficiency on pregnancy rate, as the commercially available DIB® and both treatments have the potential to provide TAIPR above 50% and BSPR above 90%.

Avaliou-se a influência do desenvolvimento corporal na ciclicidade, na resposta ovariana e na taxa de prenhez à inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) de novilhas da raça Nelore ao sobreano (Experimento 1). Ainda, avaliou-se a eficiência de um protocolo de indução de ciclicidade (Experimento 2) previamente ao protocolo de IATF. No Experimento 1, 650 novilhas de 13,9&#177;0,03 meses de idade foram submetidas ao mesmo protocolo de sincronização da ovulação para IATF. Dez dias antes do início do protocolo de sincronização (Dia -10), as novilhas foram avaliadas quanto à idade (meses), peso (kg), escore de condição corporal (ECC, escala de 1 a 5), altura de cernelha (hCERN, cm) e relação altura/profundidade de costela (pCOST,% ) escore do trato reprodutivo (ETR, escala de 1 a 5), ciclicidade (presença de CL) e espessura de gordura subcutânea na garupa (EGPU, mm). No Dia 0, as fêmeas foram submetidas a sincronização da ovulação, recebendo IATF 10 dias após (Dia 10). Foram determinados por ultrassonografia a taxa de ciclicidade (presença de CL no Dia -10 e/ou Dia 0) os diâmetros do maior folículo presente no Dia 8 (FDD8), no Dia 10 (FDIA), presença de CL no Dia 17 (ovulação) e taxa de prenhez 30 dias após a IATF. Com relação à análise univariável, não houve diferença na taxa de ciclicidade com relação à hCERN e pCOST (P&gt;0,05), mas isoladamente a idade, o peso, o ECC e a EGPU foram associados com incremento na taxa de ciclicidade (P&lt;0,05). Entretanto, na análise multivariável o parâmetro retido no modelo foi a EGPU (&gt;3,4mm; 19,4 vs. &le;3,4mm; 8,8%; P=0,002). O FDD8 não foi influenciado pela idade, ECC e pCOST (P&gt;0,05) quando analisados de maneira isolada. Entretanto, o peso, hCERN, EGPU e ETR foram associados com maior FDD8 (P&lt;0,05). Contudo, ao se avaliar todos os parâmetros de maneira conjunta, houve efeito de hCERN (&gt;121,5=7,2 vs. &le;121,5=6,9mm; P=0,03), EGPU (&gt;2,6=7,4 vs. &le;2,6=6mm; P=0,02) e ETR (1=6,9ab;2=7,4ab; 3=7,1ab; 4=7,7ª; 5=6,3mmb; P=0,002) sobre o FDD8. O CrescFD e a taxa de ovulação não foram influenciados por nenhum dos parâmetros avaliados, em ambas as análises (P&gt;0,05). Ainda, na análise univariável a hCERN e o ETR (P&gt;0,05) não resultaram em efeito na taxa de prenhez, mas a idade, o peso, o ECC, a pCOST e a EGPU foram associados com incremento no sucesso gestacional (P&lt;0,01). Entretanto, ao se utilizar a análise multivariável os parâmetros retidos no modelo foram a idade (&gt;13,8=43,0 vs. &le;13,8=27,2; P=0,04), a pCOST (&gt;44,0=41,9 vs. &le;44,0=27,0; P = 0,02) e a EGPU (>2,5=44,4 vs. &le;2,5=23,4%; P=0,0003). No Experimento 2, 626 novilhas de 14,2±0,03 meses de idade foram aleatoriamente distribuídas em dois grupos experimentais: Indução (n=307; dispositivo de P4 usado durante 10 dias mais 0.6mg de CE no momento da retirada) e Controle (n=319). Doze dias após a retirada do dispositivo de P4 (Dia 0) todas as fêmeas foram submetidas a protocolo de sincronização para IATF conforme descrito no Experimento 1. As novilhas que receberam o protocolo de indução tiveram maior (P<0,0001) taxa de ciclicidade (75,2%) no Dia 0 em relação ao controle (7,8%). Entretanto, semelhante taxa de prenhez à IATF foi verificada entre os tratamentos (Controle 42,9 vs. Indução = 43,0%; P=0,40). Conclui-se que os parâmetros de desenvolvimento corporal apresentam relação positiva com a ciclicidade e a resposta ao protocolo para IATF em novilhas raça Nelore ao sobreano. Além disso, o estímulo hormonal prévio aumentou a proporção de novilhas com CL no início do protocolo de IATF, entretanto, não influenciou a taxa de prenhez à inseminação artificial / The influence of body development on ciclicity, ovarian response and pregnancy rate after timed artificial insemination (TAI) was evaluated in yearling Nelore beef heifers (Experiment 1). Furthermore, the efficiency of a protocol for ciclicity induction, previously to the TAI was tested (Experiment 2). At Experiment 1, 650 heifers aged 13,9 ± 0.03 months were submitted to the same ovulation synchronization protocol for TAI. Ten days before the beginning of the TAI protocol (Day -10), all females were evaluated for age (months), weight (kg), body condition score (BCS, 1 to 5 scale), withers height (hCERN, cm) and whiters height/depth of rib relationship (pCOST, %), reproductive tract score (RTS, 1 to 5 scale) ciclicity (presence of a CL) and subcutaneuos fat thickness (EGPU, mm). At Day 0, all heifers were submitted to the ovulation synchronization, receiving TAI after 10 days (Day 10). The ciclicity (presence of a CL at Day -10 and/or Day 0), diameter of the biggest follicle at Day 8 (FDD8) and Day 10 (FDIA) as the ovulation rate at Day 17 and pregnancy rate at Day 30 were determined by ultrassonography. In relationship to the univariable analysis, there was no difference of ciclicity rate according to hCERN and pCOST (P>0.05), but age, weight, BCS, and EGPU were associated to greater ciclicity (P<0.05). However, considering the multivariable analysis, heifers with greater EGPU (>3.4mm; 19.4%) presented greater (P=0.002) ciclicity rate in comparison to heifers with lesser EGPU ( &le;3.4mm; 8.8%). The FDD8 was not influenced by age, BCS and pCOST (P>0.05) and was influenced by hCERN, EGPU and RTS when the variables were singly analyzed. Nevertheless, there was an effect of hCERN (>121.5=7.2 vs. &le;121.5=6.9; P=0.03), EGPU (>2.6=7.4 vs. &le;2.6=6.0; P=0.02) and RTS (1=6.9ab; 2=7.4ab; 3=7.1ab; 4=7.7ª; 5=6.3 mmb; P=0.002) over the FDD8, when all variables were analyzed together. The ovulation rate was not influenced by any of the evaluated parameters (P>0.20). Still, considering the univariable statistical model, there was no effect of hCERN and RTS (P=0.05) on pregnancy rate, but age, weight, BCS, pCOST and EGPU were associated with increased pregnancy rate to TAI (P<0.05). Still, heifers with more age (>13.8=43.0 vs. &le;13.8=27.2; P=0.04), greater pCOST (>44.0=41.9 vs. &le;44.0=27.0%; P = 0.02) and greater EGPU (>2.5=44.4 vs.&le;2.5mm=23.4%; P=0.0003) presented greater pregnancy rate when all varaiables were analyzed together. At Experiment 2, 626 heifers aged 14.2±0.03 months were randomly allocated in two experimental groups: Induction (n=307; used P4 device during 10 days plus 0.6mg EC at device removal) and Control (n=319). Twelve days after P4 device removal (Day 0) all females were submitted to the same ovulation synchronization protocol described in Experiment 1. Heifers from Induction group (75.2%) had greater (P<0.0001) ciclicity rate at Day 0 in comparison to Control (7.8%), but similar pregnancy rate to 1st TAI (Control 42.9 vs. Induction 43.0%; P=0.40). It is concluded that the body developmental parameters presents positive relationship with ciclicity and response to the TAI protocol in Nelore yearling heifers. Moreover, a previous hormonal stimulus increases the proportion of heifers with a corpus luteum at the beginning of the TAI protocol, but does not affect pregnancy rate to the artificial insemination

Submitted by Marcos Anselmo (marcos.anselmo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2018-09-28T18:34:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ISAC JUNIOR ROMAN.pdf: 521227 bytes, checksum: 9238f75b32c295aa6bca8f1375911aa7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcos Anselmo (marcos.anselmo@unipampa.edu.br) on 2018-09-28T18:35:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ISAC JUNIOR ROMAN.pdf: 521227 bytes, checksum: 9238f75b32c295aa6bca8f1375911aa7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-28T18:35:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ISAC JUNIOR ROMAN.pdf: 521227 bytes, checksum: 9238f75b32c295aa6bca8f1375911aa7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-23 / A alta taxa de animais em anestro compromete a capacidade reprodutiva dos animais. A inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) permite que animais acíclicos sejam expostos a IA resultando no aumento da taxa de serviço e prenhez. Apesar de os protocolos de sincronização da ovulação já serem considerados estabelecidos, ajustes ainda podem ser realizados para, grupos genéticos específicos, assim como para otimizar os resultados, minimizar os custos e permitir flexibilidade nos manejos. Neste sentido, avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes doses de gonadotrofina coriônica equina (300 ou 400UI de eCG) em protocolos de IATF com 8 ou 9 dias de permanência do dispositivo de progesterona (P4) sobre a taxa de ocorrência de estro, taxa de prenhez e crescimento folicular em vacas de corte Bos taurus lactantes. Foram utilizadas 1171 vacas com escore de condição corporal de 2,80±0,04 (Escala de 1 a 5; 1-magra a 5-obesa), oriundas de seis fazendas comerciais localizadas em três regiões distintas do estado do RS e mantidas à pasto. Ao início do protocolo as vacas foram distribuídas em dois tratamentos, homogeneamente quanto a taxa de ciclicidade e escore de condição corporal (ECC): D9 (D0, n=591) ou D8 (D1, n=580), conforme a permanência do dispositivo de progesterona (9 ou 8 dias respectivamente: P4, CIDR®, Zoetis) associado à 2mg de benzoato de estradiol (IM; Gonadiol®, Zoetis). No dia 9, o CIDR foi removido e administrado 12,5 mg de dinoprost trometamina IM (Lutalyse®, Zoetis) e 1mg de cipionato de estradiol IM (E.C.P.®, Zoetis). Neste momento, as vacas foram novamente distribuídas em dois tratamentos: 300 UI (n=605) ou 400 UI (n=566) de eCG (Novormon®, Zoetis), formando 4 tratamentos D8300UI (n=303), D8400UI (n=277), D9300UI (n=302) e D9400UI (n=289). A IATF foi realizada 48 horas após a remoção da P4 utilizando sêmen congelado de 24 touros. Duas doses de sêmen de cada partida foram avaliadas e somente partidas com motilidade progressiva mínima de 30% após descongelação foram usadas (CBRA, 2013). As fêmeas tiveram a base da cauda pintada com bastão de cera (Raidl-Maxi, RaidexGmbH, Dettingen/Erms, Germany) no momento da retirada do dispositivo de P4, sendo as fêmeas que não apresentavam tinta no momento da IATF consideradas em cio. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo PROC GLIMMIX do SAS®. O tempo de permanência afetou a taxa de ocorrência de estro, diâmetro do FD no momento da retirada do dispositivo de P4, diâmetro do FD no momento da IATF, [(P= 0,02); (P < 0,0001); (P < 0,0001)], respectivamente, sendo inferior nos grupos com permanência de 8 dias quando comparado à permanência de nove dias. A taxa de prenhez e a taxa de crescimento folicular não foram afetadas pela permanência (P= 0,62 e P= 0,96), respectivamente. A ocorrência de estro e prenhez da IATF (P/IA) dos grupos D8300UI, D8400UI, D9300UI e D9400UI foram respectivamente (60,4%/40,3%; 66,8%/45.8%; 70,8%/45,0%; 68,8%/ 42,2%; P= 0,01/0,01, P= 0,0001/0,33, P= <0,0001/0,26, P= <0,0001/0,08), sendo a taxa de estro inferior no grupo D8300UI. A taxa de ocorrência de estro, P/IA, diâmetro do FD no momento da retirada do dispositivo de P4, diâmetro do FD no momento da IATF e a taxa de crescimento do FD, não foram afetadas pela dose de eCG [(P= 0,77); (P= 0,50); (P= 0,65); (P= 0,44); (P= 0,17)]. Para estas mesmas variáveis não foi verificado interação entre tempo de permanência e dose de eCG [(P= 0,06); (P= 0,10); (P= 0,73); (P= 0,22); (P= 0,24)]. Adicionalmente o ECC afetou o diâmetro do FD D9 (P<0,0001); FD D11 (P<0,0001); taxa de crescimento do FD (P=0,03); taxa de ocorrência de estro (P<0,0001) e taxa de prenhez (P=0,004), sendo que animais com ECC ≤2,75 apresentaram resultados inferiores. No estudo foi demonstrado que a permanência do dispositivo de P4 afeta a taxa de cio, diâmetro do FD no momento da retirada da P4, diâmetro folicular no momento da IATF, sendo inferior no grupo permanência D8, no entanto, a taxa de prenhez não é afetada nos grupos tratamento. Quanto a ocorrência de estro o grupo D8300IU foi inferior comparado aos demais, em soma, resultados inferiores foram observados em animais que apresentavam ECC ≤2,75. Sendo assim, em protocolos de IATF com duração de 8 dias de exposição a P4, a utilização de 300UI de eCG deve ser preconizada em animais com ECC superior a 2,75. / The high rate of animals in anestrous compromises the reproductive capacity of animals. TAI allows acyclic animals to be exposed to AI resulting in increased service and pregnancy rate. Although ovulation synchronization protocols are already considered to be established, adjustments can still be made to specific genetic groups, as well as to optimize results, minimize costs and allow flexibility in management. In this sense, the effect of different doses of equine chorionic gonadotropin (300 or 400 IU of eCG) on TAI protocols with 8 or 9 days of progesterone device (P4) stay length on the rate of estrus occurrence, rate of pregnancy and follicular growth in Bos taurus lactating dairy cows. There were 1171 cows with a body condition score (BCS) of 2.80 ± 0.04 (1 to 5, 1-lean to 5-obese), from six commercial farms located in three distinct regions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul/Brazil and maintained at pasture. At the beginning of the protocol the cows were divided into two treatments, homogeneously on the BCS: D9 (D0, n=591) or D8 (D1, n=580), with 24 hours of difference between groups, according to the stay length of the progesterone device (9 or 8 days respectively: P4, CIDR®, Zoetis) associated with 2mg of estradiol benzoate (IM; Gonadiol®, Zoetis). On day 9, CIDR was removed and given 12.5 mg of dinoprost tromethamine IM (Lutalyse®, Zoetis) and 1 mg of estradiol IM cypionate (E.C.P®, Zoetis). At this time, the cows were again distributed in two treatments: 300 IU (n=605) or 400 IU (n=566) of eCG (Novormon®, Zoetis), forming 4 treatments D8300IU (n=303), D8400IU (n=277), D9300IU (n=302) and D9400IU (n=289). TAI was performed 48 hours after P4 removal using frozen semen from 24 bulls. Two doses of semen from each batch were evaluated and only departures with minimal progressive motility of 30% after thawing were used. The females had the base of the tail painted with a marking pen (Raidl-Maxi, RaidexGmbH, Dettingen / Erms, Germany) at the time of removal of the P4 device, and the females did not present ink at the time of the TAI considered in estrus. Statistical analysis was performed by PROC GLIMMIX SAS®. The stay length time affected estrus occurrence rate, LF diameter at the time of removal of the P4 device, LF diameter at the time of TAI, (P=0.02); (P<0.0001); (P<0.0001), respectively, being lower in the groups with a stay length of 8 days when compared to the stay length of nine days. The pregnancy rate and the follicular growth rate were not affected by the stay length (P=0.62); (P=0.96), respectively. The pregnancy rate and the follicular growth rate were not affected by the stay length (P=0.62); (P=0.96), respectively. The occurrence of estrus and pregnancy of TAI (P/AI) of groups D8300IU, D8400IU, D9300IU and D9400IU were respectively (60.4%/40.3%, 66.8% / 45.8%, 70.8%) (P=0.01/0.01, P=0.0001/0.33, P <0.0001 / 0.26, P=0001/0.08), with the lowest estrous rate in the D8300IU group. The occurrence of estrus rate, P/AI, diameter of the LF at the time of removal of the P4 device, diameter of the LF at the time of the TAI and the rate of growth of the LF, was not affected by the dose of eCG [(P=0,77); (P=0.50); (P=0.65); (P=0.44); (P=0.17)]. For these same variables, no interaction between stay length time and eCG dose (P=0.06) was observed; (P=0.10); (P=0.73); (P=0.22); (P=0.24). Additionally the BCS affected the diameter of the LF D9 (P<0.0001); LF D11 (P<0.0001); rate of LF growth (P=0.03); estrus occurrence rate (P<0.0001) and pregnancy rate (P=0.004), with animals with BSC ≤2.75 presented lower results. In the study it was demonstrated that the stay length of the P4 device affects the estrus rate; the diameter of the FL at the time of P4 withdrawal, the follicular diameter at the time of the TAI, being lower in the D8 stay length group, however, the pregnancy rate is not affected in the treatment groups. Regarding the occurrence of estrus, the D8300IU group was inferior compared to the others, in sum, lower results were observed in animals presenting with BSC≤2,75. Thus, in TAI protocols lasting 8 days of exposure to P4, the use of 300 IU of eCG should be recommended in animals with BSC greater than 2.75.