Dissertation (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2008. / Directed by Marilyn Friend; submitted to the Dept. of Specialized Education Services. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Apr. 13, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-134).

Dissertação(mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós- Graduação em Educação em Ciências: Química da Vida e Saúde, Instituto de Educação, 2010. / Submitted by EDUARDO PENA (edupenaa@hotmail.com) on 2012-10-23T01:44:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NO ENFOQUE CTS.pdf: 2989833 bytes, checksum: e989fcb93bab5895bb22bf5292e97244 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Bruna Vieira(bruninha_vieira@ibest.com.br) on 2013-06-19T17:32:49Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NO ENFOQUE CTS.pdf: 2989833 bytes, checksum: e989fcb93bab5895bb22bf5292e97244 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-19T17:32:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES NO ENFOQUE CTS.pdf: 2989833 bytes, checksum: e989fcb93bab5895bb22bf5292e97244 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Examinam-se as aprendizagens de nove (09) professores no grupo de pesquisa/formação, em um processo educativo colaborativo que articulou a formação de professores de Ciências e o desenvolvimento curricular via narração de Unidades de Aprendizagem (UA) em um enfoque Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS). A partir da questão central de pesquisa: O que se aprendeu em um processo educativo que buscou a articulação entre a formação de professores de Ciências e o desenvolvimento curricular via narração de UA em um enfoque CTS? Focalizam-se três aprendizagens decorrentes da análise de relatos reflexivos individuais e complementares ao processo educativo: aprender a ser professor com o Outro; aprender a ser professor autor da sua proposta pedagógica; e, aprender na apropriação das ferramentas culturais. Em seguida apresentam-se e discutem-se as aprendizagens sobre o enfoque CTS, a partir dos relatos reflexivos e da narração das UA. Os argumentos construídos ao longo da pesquisa mostram que o trabalho, com a narração das UA, contribuiu para a constituição do professor que passou a assumir mais autoria em sua sala de aula, o que possibilitou identificar necessárias ampliações conceituais do enfoque CTS em processos de formação de professores. Isso favoreceu reforçar a ideia de que os professores, ao narrarem suas UA, partilham seus saberes e práticas no grupo de pesquisa/formação e assim podem encaminhar suas modificações tanto na prática como nas teorias que lhes dão sustentação e também de que é preciso que nestes grupos de pesquisa/formação se apresentem e discutam as aulas, para avançar na compreensão de como melhor desenvolver o enfoque CTS. Em síntese, as narrações das aulas mostram ser dispositivo fundamental para a compreensão das teorias pedagógicas dos professores em processos de formação continuada. Com relação ao enfoque CTS, as narrações mostram um movimento inicial importante que precisa, entretanto intensificar problematizações sobre a superioridade do modelo de decisões tecnocráticas, a perspectiva salvacionista da C&T e o determinismo tecnológico. Ao finalizar propõe-se que estas problematizações sejam enfatizadas e intensificadas em processos educativos de pesquisa/formação que pretendam articular a formação de professores de Ciências e ainda, o desenvolvimento curricular via narração de UA em um enfoque CTS que especialmente exijam a tomada de decisão dos participantes em situações pedagógicas sobre temas/problemas locais. / Nine teacher's learning are viewed at the group of research/training in a collaborative educational process. It is linked the training of science teachers and curriculum development through narration of Learning Units (LU) on the Science, Technology and Society (STS) focus. From the central research question: What has been learned in an educational process that sought the relationship between the training of science teachers and curriculum development through narration of a LU in the STS? Three learning result from the analysis of individual reflective reports and supplementary to the educational process: learning to be a teacher with the Other; learning to be author of his pedagogical proposed; learning the appropriation of cultural tools. After that, learning on the focus of STS are presented and discussed from the reports and reflective narration of the LU. The arguments constructed along the survey joined to the narration of LU show that work helped set up the teacher who has become a more author in his classroom, making it possible to identify necessary conceptual extensions of the STS in the process of teacher's formation. This has reinforced the idea that teachers, when narrating their LU, share their knowledge and practices at research/training and thus can modify their chooses both in practice and the theories that give them support and also that it is necessary that these research groups/training to present and discuss the lessons, to advance the understanding of how best to develop the STS approach. In short, the classes reports show to be fundamental in order to comprehend pedagogical theories of the teachers in continuous formation processes. With regard to the STS, the stories show an important initial movement which needs to intensify problematizations about the superiority of the model of technocratic decisions, the salvationist prospect of S&T and technological determinism. At the end it is proposed that these problematizations should be emphasized and strengthened in the educational research/training that intend to articulate the training of science teachers and, curriculum development through narration of LU in the STS focus that especially require the decision of participants in pedagogical situations on topics and local issues.

This thesis reports results from a study that focuses on teachers’ professional development during an in-service training period.   The aim is to analyse and describe how the teachers talk about and handle lesson content. The first question concerns changes in relation to a specific object of learning. The second question concerns how they relate to a theoretical framework and the third question concerns differences in the students’ learning outcome and if it can be understood in relation to the teachers’ development.   The variation theory is the theoretical framework that is used for lesson planning as well as when analysing results. The basis of the study is that learning always is the learning of something and that the teachers’ activity as well as the students’ activity constitutes the space of variation that decides what is possible to learn concerning a delimited object of learning, i.e. the enacted object of learning. The object of learning is seen as a capability and it can be defined by its critical features. The constitution of the meaning aimed for the critical features of the object must be discerned. The intentional object of learning describes the teachers’ intention with the lesson, and the lived object of learning is what the students really discerned. The theoretical assumption is that learning always assumes an experienced variation where learning is seen as a change in the learners’ possibility to experience the world in a certain way. You have to have experienced a phenomenon’s variation to understand its meaning, i.e. what we experience is how something differs from something else.   The method is Learning study and it can be described as a hybrid of the Japanese Lesson study and Design experiment. A Learning study is theoretically grounded and the primary focus is on an object of learning. The learning study group consisted of three teachers and most often two researchers. Each member had equal status in the group. The object of learning seen from the teachers’ perspective was the variation theory that was gradually introduced by the researchers. The empirical material was generated from audio-taped discussions and from videotaped lessons.   The findings should be seen as a contribution to the discussion about teachers’ professional development. The teachers participated in a collective construction of professional knowledge and it can be stated that the teachers had no problem changing their discussions to focus on a specific object of learning when the theoretical framework was used in relation to their own practices. Another finding is that the change in how the teachers handled the object of learning influenced the students’ learning in a positive way although the results were subtle.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T14:48:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elisa Moreira Bonafe.pdf: 1111029 bytes, checksum: 539d7c3363c0f35ab884151039c94637 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-11 / This study aims to identify the strategies used in teacher training in schools that make teachers improve their classroom practices with students. From interviews with four pedagogical coordinators of public schools from São Paulo city, it was possible to observe the diversity of challenges that are reflected in the planning and the implementing of continuous learning of teachers. It was also identified that there is a lack of clarity for coordinators about the potential actions they can perform with teachers at school and how these actions can be performed, especially regarding to the conduction of the actions of training and their strategies. Using as reference the studies of Imbernón, it was produced some reflections in favor of training in the work context due to the fact that it considers the real situations that arise in the school routine. Placco, Almeida and Souza collaborated with studies and contributions to the routine of the pedagogical coordinators, the needs and the possibilities of change in their formative function. At the end, it is presented a proposal for pedagogical coordinators that suggest the theoretical study in the continuing training of teachers and, moreover, it is suggested practical experience that can also motivate change in professional performance of the pedagogical coordinators themselves. It is expected that, with continuous teacher training, the pedagogical coordinators professionalize their activities in the schools concerning the learning and the observation of teachers and consequently, they can propose consistent and efficient solutions for the school difficulties and develop actions to encourage change in the pedagogical practices of teachers / O presente estudo objetiva identificar as estratégias utilizadas na formação de professores em contexto escolar, que mobilizam os docentes a melhorarem suas práticas pedagógicas com os alunos. A partir de entrevistas com quatro coordenadoras pedagógicas de escola pública da Cidade de São Paulo, foi possível observar a diversidade de desafios que se refletem no planejamento e na execução da formação continuada de docentes. Foi também identificado que falta clareza aos coordenadores sobre as ações com potencial formativo na escola e como realizá-las, principalmente no que diz respeito à condução das ações de formação e às estratégias formativas. Utilizando como base os escritos de Imbernón, foram produzidas algumas reflexões na defesa da formação em contexto de trabalho, por considerar as situações reais que se colocam na rotina escolar. Placco, Almeida e Souza colaboraram com estudos e contribuições sobre a rotina dos coordenadores pedagógicos (CPs), as necessidades e as possibilidades de mudança para atender à função formadora. Ao final é apresentada uma proposta de formação para coordenadores pedagógicos com o objetivo de favorecer o aprofundamento teórico nas questões de formação continuada de professores e, conjuntamente, proporcionar experiências práticas que possam significar mudança na atuação profissional dos próprios CPs. Espera-se que, a partir da formação continuada, os CPs profissionalizem sua atuação nas escolas no que diz respeito à formação e acompanhamento docente e, consequentemente, elaborem propostas coerentes com a realidade escolar e desenvolvam ações que favoreçam a mudança nas práticas pedagógicas dos professores

This thesis reports results from a study that focuses on teachers’ professional development during an in-service training period. The aim is to analyse and describe how the teachers talk about and handle lesson content. The first question concerns changes in relation to a specific object of learning. The second question concerns how they relate to a theoretical framework and the third question concerns differences in the students’ learning outcome and if it can be understood in relation to the teachers’ development. The variation theory is the theoretical framework that is used for lesson planning as well as when analysing results. The basis of the study is that learning always is the learning of something and that the teachers’ activity as well as the students’ activity constitutes the space of variation that decides what is possible to learn concerning a delimited object of learning, i.e. the enacted object of learning. The object of learning is seen as a capability and it can be defined by its critical features. The constitution of the meaning aimed for the critical features of the object must be discerned. The intentional object of learning describes the teachers’ intention with the lesson, and the lived object of learning is what the students really discerned. The theoretical assumption is that learning always assumes an experienced variation where learning is seen as a change in the learners’ possibility to experience the world in a certain way. You have to have experienced a phenomenon’s variation to understand its meaning, i.e. what we experience is how something differs from something else. The method is Learning study and it can be described as a hybrid of the Japanese Lesson study and Design experiment. A Learning study is theoretically grounded and the primary focus is on an object of learning. The learning study group consisted of three teachers and most often two researchers. Each member had equal status in the group. The object of learning seen from the teachers’ perspective was the variation theory that was gradually introduced by the researchers. The empirical material was generated from audio-taped discussions and from videotaped lessons. The findings should be seen as a contribution to the discussion about teachers’ professional development. The teachers participated in a collective construction of pro-fessional knowledge and it can be stated that the teachers had no problem changing their discussions to focus on a specific object of learning when the theoretical framework was used in relation to their own practices. Another finding is that the change in how the teachers handled the object of learning influenced the students’ learning in a positive way although the results were subtle.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T21:31:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Valdete Julio de Carvalho Castelhano.pdf: 773184 bytes, checksum: 6dac0e712a3a8942018df86fba5a0f9e (MD5) Valdete Julio de Carvalho Castelho AnexoB.pdf: 151585 bytes, checksum: 9c2743ddcd8d1bd87cde58c2a1a3e996 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-09 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The study intends to analyse the Languague and Life Program L&L contribution to the keep-learning practice from the Paulista Public State Teachers. Characterized as descriptive analytic of qualitative behavior, the research shows an individual interview as its main tool to the gather data. Theorically, the study has its foundations in three axis: firtstly, the reference explicative of the professional learning teaching as a long and continuos process for the whole life, secondly, it refers to a brief contextualization and to the literacy background in Brazil, serching documents from the Ministry of Education and documents from the teaching program as well to the background data. The last one is focused on the Languague and Life Program characterization. The gathered data reveals that learning to be a teacher and teaching is a long and complex process, in which, it blends personal and professional values. The Languague and Life Program proportionated a break into the interviewed teacher´s lives, changing their way of thinking. It also allowed them to accept new practices, but this time, intentional, conscious and overcoming in which could help their students to exceed their learning process and to become gradually independent and responsible for their studies. From the traditional methodology, in which the teacher teaches and the students learn, the teachers became their students partners, building up together the learning process, pointing out new meanings and presenting problematics that make sense and can awake the pleasure of learning. / O estudo tem como objetivo analisar as contribuições que o Programa Letra e Vida L&V - de formação continuada exerceram na prática pedagógica dos professores alfabetizadores da rede pública estadual paulista. Caracterizada como descritivo-analítica, de natureza qualitativa, a pesquisa-ação apresenta a entrevista individual como seu principal instrumento para coleta de dados. Teoricamente o estudo se apóia em três eixos: primeiramente trata do referencial adotado explicativo da aprendizagem profissional da docência como um processo longo e contínuo durante a vida toda. O segundo eixo refere-se a uma breve contextualização e ao histórico da alfabetização no Brasil, recorrendo a documentos do Ministério da Educação e aos documentos de implantação do Programa de Formação de Professores Alfabetizadores, bem como de dados históricos. O eixo final se enquadra no âmbito da caracterização do Programa Letra e Vida. Os dados coletados revelam que aprender a ser professor e a ensinar é um complexo e longo processo, construído a partir de diversos contextos, circunstâncias e instituições, no qual se entrelaçam valores pessoais e profissionais. O Programa L&V proporcionou na vida das professoras entrevistadas uma ruptura com uma maneira de pensar já cristalizada em sua prática. Também permitiu que elas adotassem novas práticas, desta vez, intencionais, conscientes e de superação, que pudessem ajudar seus alunos a avançar em sua aprendizagem a se tornarem, gradativamente, autônomos e responsáveis por seus estudos. De uma metodologia tradicional e bancária em que o professor ensina e os alunos aprendem, as professoras tornaram-se parceiras de seus alunos, construindo a aprendizagem junto com eles, apontando as possibilidades dos novos caminhos, numa provocação em que surgem novos significados e apresenta problemáticas que fazem sentido e podem despertar o prazer de aprender.

Syftet med denna studie är att bidra med kunskap om rektors föreställningar av det pedagogiska ledarskapet i relation till lärares lärande, att bidra med svar på hur rektor ser på sitt ansvar för lärares lärande. Sex rektorer har intervjuats med hjälp av metoden föreställningskarta och det empiriska materialet består av utsagor som kodats och kategoriserats till teman. Resultatbeskrivningen är empirinära och som läsare får du möta rektors föreställningar genom deras utsagor. En deskriptiv berättelse har vävts samman med hjälp av rektorernas utsagor för att på så sätt beskriva rektorers gemensamma föreställning om att leda lärares lärande. Det empiriska materialet visar att rektors föreställning om det pedagogiska ledarskapet i relation till lärares lärande handlar om att kartlägga för lärande, att organisera för lärande, att leda lärande samt om lärande. Dessa delar står i relation till varandra och bildar tillsammans en helhet, ett system för lärande. Utgångspunkt för lärandet är skolans nuläge och lärares erfarenheter och kunskaper ligger till grund för det gemensamma sökandet efter ett önskat läge. Systemteori och lärande organisationsperspektivet används därför för att förstå och tolka resultatet. Analysen visar att rektors pedagogiska ledarskap i relation till lärares lärande kan beskrivas som ett lärandeinriktat ledarskap / The purpose of this study is to contribute knowledge about principals´ conceptions of their pedagogical leadership in relation to teachers´ learning, to seek the answer to how principals look at their responsibility when it comes to teachers´ learning. Six principals have been interviewed using the cognitive maps as the interview method and the empirical material consist of statements that have been coded and categorized into themes. The description of the results is empirical and as a reader you meet the principals´ conceptions through their statements. A descriptive story has been put together by the statements to describe the principals´ collective conception of teachers´ learning. The empirical material shows that the principals´ conception of the pedagogical leadership in relation to teachers´ learning is about mapping for learning, organizing for learning, to lead learning and learning. These parts are in relation to each other and together they form a whole, a system for learning. The starting point for learning is the current state of the organization and the teachers´ experiences and knowledge is the foundation for the common search for next practice.  Systems theory and the learning organizational perspective have been used to understand and interpret the results. The analysis shows that the principals´ leadership in relation to the teachers´ learning can be described as a learning-based leadership.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:35:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4403.pdf: 4610571 bytes, checksum: 62d1614ef9a0349ad3993fc7da58439b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-30 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / The research deals with the learning processes and the professional development of coordinators and teachers who work in the first year of elementary school considering the expansion of basic education to nine years. The admission of six year old children in compulsory education possibly involves changes in the organization of the pedagogical work developed in the classroom by teachers, as well as some adjustment in the curriculum to meet the specific needs of the newly arriving six year olds. It also requires continued learning programs for teachers, administrators and all other education professionals, which should be guaranteed by the school system. The changes required for the expansion of basic education to nine years as well as for the admission of six year olds at this stage can lead to destabilization, uncertainty and the search for new knowledge about the specific nature, characteristics and needs of six year olds. Thus, this research seeks to understand the ways in which teachers of the first year of elementary school in the Municipality of São Carlos design, develop and implement the policy of extending compulsory education, considering its demands and direct influence on the school and its students. It is important to point out that some aspects of the study are related to what the educational literature says about the learning processes and the professional development of teachers, as well as to what it refers to the expansion of basic education to nine years and the curricular reforms proposed for the first year of basic education. Document analysis, questionnaires and interviews were used for data collection, aiming to understand the conception of the teachers participating in the study about their experiences: the policy in place, participation in continued education programs, the contents to be taught, the encountered difficulties and other aspects that directly influence their perspective on teaching in the first year of basic education. From the analyzed data it is possible to note that this reform involves aspects beyond the implementation of the last policy or guideline adopted by MEC (Ministry of Education), considering a necessary change in both classroom and school cultures. Fear, insecurity and apprehension stemming from the initial expectations of working with six year old children may be justified by the fact that the concept of change is directly associated with rethinking, (re) configuring, (re) organizing the teacher know-how. In this perspective, collective actions aiming to overcome the practical problems encountered in teacher know-how are noteworthy, given that the meaning of change is tied to what those involved can come to understand about what must change and how to do it. / A pesquisa trata do processo de desenvolvimento profissional e aprendizagem docente de coordenadoras e professores/as que atuam no primeiro ano do ensino fundamental frente à ampliação do ensino fundamental para nove anos. O ingresso da criança de seis anos no ensino obrigatório possivelmente implica em mudanças na organização do trabalho pedagógico desenvolvido em sala de aula pelas professoras e adequações no currículo a fim de atender as necessidades específicas dos novos ingressantes, crianças de seis anos. Exige, ainda, dos sistemas de ensino providências para garantir a formação continuada de docentes, gestores e demais profissionais da educação. As mudanças necessárias à ampliação do ensino fundamental para nove anos e, portanto, necessárias ao ingresso das crianças de seis anos nessa etapa de ensino, podem gerar desestabilizações, incertezas e a busca de novos conhecimentos sobre as especificidades, características e necessidades das crianças de seis anos. Assim, esta investigação procura compreender de que maneiras os/as professores/as do primeiro ano do ensino fundamental em escolas da rede municipal de São Carlos, concebem, desenvolvem e implementam a política de ampliação do ensino obrigatório, tendo em vista suas demandas e sua influência direta sobre a escola e seus alunos. É relevante ressaltar que alguns aspectos do estudo estão relacionados ao que a literatura educacional enfoca sobre a aprendizagem e o desenvolvimento profissional docente, bem como ao que se referem à ampliação do ensino fundamental para nove anos e reformas curriculares propostas para o primeiro ano deste nível de ensino. Para a coleta de dados foram realizadas análise documental, questionários e entrevistas para compreender a concepção das professoras participantes do estudo sobre os processos vividos: a política implantada, a formação continuada recebida, os conteúdos a serem ensinados, as dificuldades encontradas e outros aspectos que sob sua perspectiva influenciam diretamente o ensino no primeiro ano. A partir dos dados obtidos é possível notar que para os participantes, esta reforma envolve aspectos para além da implementação da última política ou diretriz adotada pelo MEC, antes significa mudar as culturas das salas de aula e das escolas. O medo, a insegurança, a apreensão inicial originadas da expectativa de trabalhar com crianças de seis anos podem justificar-se pelo fato do conceito de mudança estar atrelado ao repensar, (re)configurar, (re)organizar o saber fazer docente. Nesta perspectiva, a ação coletiva na superação dos problemas práticos encontrados no fazer docente merece destaque, tendo em vista que o significado da mudança está na maneira como os envolvidos podem vir a entender o que deve mudar e como fazê-lo.

Denna masteruppsats syftar till att bidra med kunskap om lärares lärande och undersöka deras användning av kulturella redskap i en aktionsstudie. I studien undersöks processen i ett arbetslag där universell design för lärande (UDL) presenteras och diskuteras som en möjlig stödstruktur för undervisningen i form av en aktionsstudie. Målet med den är att bidra med kunskapsbildning om hur undervisning kan planeras och utformas med hjälp av den systematik UDL bidrar till.  För att kunna besvara studiens frågeställningar genomfördes en aktionsstudie med tre lärare på en F–6 skola. Studien är genomförd med en kvalitativ metod där loggboksanteckningar från aktionsstudiens sessioner utgör en del av empirin, åtföljd av enskilda, reflekterande intervjuer. Deltagarna undervisade två klasser i ett tre–lärarskap på ett mellanstadium och diskuterade och reflekterade över texter och filmer om universell design för lärande (UDL) under sex sessioner.   Resultaten från aktionsstudien visar hur språket och kommunikationen förändrades under sessionerna, vilka möjligheter och hinder för implementeringen av UDL som identifierades och inställningen till forskningsbaserade arbetssätt utkristalliserades. Hur deltagarna använde sig av kulturella redskap i sitt eget lärande likväl som i sin undervisning framkommer också som ett resultat av denna studie. / This master thesis aims to contribute with knowledge about teachers´ learning and investigate their use of linguistic tools in an action research study. In this, where UDL is presented and discussed as a possible scaffolding structure, the process in a team of teachers at a middle school is investigated. The aim of the action research study is to create knowledge about how the systematic work with UDL can contribute to the planning and forming process of teaching.   In order to answer the research questions in the study, an action research study was conducted with three teachers at a middle school. The study is conducted with a qualitative method, in which field notes from the sessions in the action research study is one part followed by separate, reflective interviews with the participating teachers. The participating teachers were teaching in two classes in a grade at a middle school and have during six sessions discussed and reflected on texts and films about Universal Design for Learning (UDL).   The results from this action research study showed how the use of language and communication changed during the sessions, which possibilities and obstacles could be identified in implementing UDL and how the attitude towards research based approaches could be seen. How the participants used sociocultural tools in their own learning as well as in their teaching can also be seen as a result of this study.