Submitted by Gustavo Gomes (gustavolascasas@gmail.com) on 2013-09-06T13:56:05Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Incuba????o de empresas de base tecnol??gica.pdf: 1177225 bytes, checksum: 039998b84d8cc15e0be04246d4ef0da5 (MD5) license_rdf: 23599 bytes, checksum: 9e2b7f6edbd693264102b96ece20428a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Roger Guedes (roger.guedes@fjp.mg.gov.br) on 2013-09-06T16:31:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Incuba????o de empresas de base tecnol??gica.pdf: 1177225 bytes, checksum: 039998b84d8cc15e0be04246d4ef0da5 (MD5) license_rdf: 23599 bytes, checksum: 9e2b7f6edbd693264102b96ece20428a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-06T16:31:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Incuba????o de empresas de base tecnol??gica.pdf: 1177225 bytes, checksum: 039998b84d8cc15e0be04246d4ef0da5 (MD5) license_rdf: 23599 bytes, checksum: 9e2b7f6edbd693264102b96ece20428a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Funda????o Jo??o Pinheiro / Este estudo trata de um aspecto relevante do desenvolvimento cient??fico e tecnol??gico: o processo de incuba????o de empresas de base tecnol??gica no Brasil. Ele prop??e e aplica um ??ndice sint??tico que procura retratar dimens??es importantes do processo de incuba????o de empresas de base tecnol??gica. O trabalho, de natureza explorat??ria e descritiva, utiliza como instrumentos de pesquisa, o levantamento bibliogr??fico e documental, a explora????o de dados e informa????es estat??sticas, e a aplica????o do m??todo distancial para padroniza????o de vari??veis. O ??ndice proposto, ??ndice de dimensionamento do processo de incuba????o de empresas de base tecnol??gica ??? IEBT ?? composto por quatro dimens??es: Prioridade governamental ?? pol??tica p??blica de C,T&I, Amplitude e difus??o do processo de incuba????o, N??vel de inova????o tecnol??gica nas empresas, e N??vel de educa????o formal da popula????o, e a cada dimens??o corresponde um conjunto de indicadores. O IEBT possibilita ordenar a posi????o relativa dos estados quanto ao est??gio de desenvolvimento do processo de incuba????o de empresas de base tecnol??gica, sob as dimens??es que o comp??em. Os resultados do IEBT para os estados das regi??es sudeste e sul do pa??s, sugerem que o est??gio de desenvolvimento do processo de incuba????o de empresas de base tecnol??gica apresenta-se avan??ado nos estados de S??o Paulo e Rio Grande do Sul, enquanto o Rio de Janeiro, Paran?? e Santa Catarina corresponderiam a um est??gio intermedi??rio. Minas Gerais corresponderia a um est??gio pouco avan??ado, superando apenas o Esp??rito Santo (que apresentou o mais baixo IEBT dentre os estados das regi??es sudeste e sul do Brasil). No que diz respeito especificamente a Minas Gerais, os resultados sugerem que as principais fragilidades do processo de incuba????o de empresas de base tecnol??gica est??o associadas ??s dimens??es N??vel de educa????o formal da popula????o e ?? Prioridade governamental ?? pol??tica p??blica de C,T&I. J?? a dimens??o Amplitude e difus??o do processo de incuba????o e a dimens??o N??vel de inova????o tecnol??gica nas empresas apresentaram potencialidades para o desenvolvimento e consolida????o do processo de incuba????o de empresas de base tecnol??gica no estado. / This study treats of a relevant aspect of the scientific and technological development: the process of incubation of companies of technological base in Brazil. He proposes and it applies a synthetic index that it tries to portray important dimensions of the process of incubation of companies of technological base. The work, of exploratory and descriptive nature, uses as research instruments, the bibliographical and documental rising, the exploration of data and statistical information, and the application of the method distancial for standardization of variables. The proposed index, Index of measurement of the process of incubation of companies of technological base - IEBT is composed by four dimensions: Government priority to the public politics of C,T&I, Width and diffusion of the incubation process, Level of technological innovation in the companies, and Level of formal education of the population, and to each dimension it corresponds a group of indicators. IEBT makes possible to order the relative position of the states as for the apprenticeship of development of the process of incubation of companies of technological base, under the dimensions that compose it. The results of IEBT for the states of the areas southeast and south of the country, they suggest that the apprenticeship of development of the process of incubation of companies of technological base comes advanced in the states of S??o Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, while Rio de Janeiro, Paran?? and Santa Catarina would correspond to an intermediate apprenticeship. Minas Gerais would correspond to a little advanced apprenticeship, just overcoming the Esp??rito Santo (that presented lowest IEBT among the states of the areas southeast and south of Brazil). In what it says respect specifically to Minas Gerais, the results suggest that the main fragilities of the process of incubation of companies of technological base are associated at the dimensions Level of formal education of the population and the Government priority to the public politics of C,T&I. Already the dimension Width and diffusion of the incubation process and the dimension Level of technological innovation in the companies presented potentialities for the development and consolidation of the process of incubation of companies of technological base in the state. / Ci??ncia, Informa????o e Comunica????o

Magister Legum - LLM (Private Law) / A trade mark is defined as a sign that is capable of distinguishing the goods or services of one enterprise from those of other enterprises. Trade marks, copyright, patents and designs are some of the forms of intellectual property. Trade marks can be divided into traditional trade marks and non-traditional trade marks. Traditional trade marks are capable of being represented graphically, for example logos, service marks or company names. Non-traditional trade marks are generally not capable of being represented graphically. Examples of these marks are inter alia, scent, taste, touch and sound marks. Technology is changing the way business is being conducted. The registration of nontraditional trade marks has grown exponentially as businesses seek to use innovative ways to protect their brands. Non-conventional trade marks may be visible signs, examples of which include colours, shapes, moving images, holograms and positions or non-visible signs such as sounds, scents, tastes, textures. Visible signs may easily be registered since they satisfy the requirement of graphical representation. Non-visible marks do not generally meet this requirement which makes their registration more complicated. An example of a registered visible non-traditional trade marks is the four finger shape of Kit Kat chocolates.

Patents, for being in possession of inside information relating to technological innovations that will be on the market in the coming years, are becoming increasingly important in scientific studies. Patent analysis studies can be quantitative or qualitative. With patents, someone can make an analysis of inventive step from a subject matter, be it a country, a company or a technology as well as its relations with the other "players" in the market. This research analyzes the correlations between investments in R&D of BRICS countries and patent applications to see whether these investments are replicated in the knowledge generated in those countries. It were also collected data publications and scientific articles, and the GDP to supplement the correlation study. Analyses are performed for each country and discussed the results. Few studies relate patents for areas in order to obtain an overview of a country facing its patents for a certain period. With this study, we sought to exactly analyze all the patents published in Brazil, identifying its areas and countries of origin or destination. Through the correlations between variables raised to the BRICS countries, this study analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of each country. / As patentes, por serem detentoras de uma informação privilegiada referente às inovações tecnológicas que estarão no mercado nos próximos anos, ganham cada vez mais importância nos estudos científicos. Os estudos de análise de patentes podem ser quantitativos ou qualitativos. Com as patentes, pode-se fazer uma análise da atividade inventiva do objeto de estudo, seja um país, uma empresa, ou uma tecnologia, bem como suas relações com os demais ―players‖ do mercado. Esta pesquisa analisa as correlações entre os investimentos em P&D dos países do BRICS e os depósitos de patentes, para verificar se esses investimentos são replicados no conhecimento gerado nesses países. São levantados também os dados de publicações e artigos científicos, bem como do PIB para complementar o estudo de correlação. São realizadas análises para cada país e discutidos os resultados obtidos. Poucos estudos relacionam as patentes por áreas com objetivo de obter um panorama geral de um país frente a suas patentes durante certo período. Com o presente estudo, buscou-se exatamente isso, analisar todas as patentes publicadas no Brasil, identificando suas áreas, e os países de origem ou destino. Através das correlações entre as variáveis levantadas para os países do BRICS, este estudo analisou os pontos fortes e fracos de cada país.

abstract: This study focuses on three major Maghreb states (Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia) with distinct institutional, political and socioeconomic patterns. It essentially tackles the issue of technological development particularly investments, trade, human capital and patents in a socially and politically sensitive environment. The researcher assumes that government stability, law and order, GDP growth and ICT usage are related to technological innovation in the Maghreb. The stated hypotheses indicate that these political, institutional and socioeconomic factors have significant effect on technological innovation in the Maghreb. Based on a two equations' empirical model, our researcher attempts to test these effects and explore the interactions between the different dependent and independent variables through a set of hypotheses. Data analysis covers three countries from 1996 to 2010. The study identifies significant effects of key covariates on technological innovation in the Maghreb. Although not every predictor effect is consistent, the results indicate that they matter for technological innovation in the Maghreb. Empirical findings might constitute essential evidence for technology and innovation policies in this Middle East and North African region. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Technology 2012

O trabalho propõe uma metodologia para a condução de pesquisas de desenvolvimento de métodos, processos e sistemas construtivos voltadas para a criação de inovações tecnológicas que possam efetivamente contribuir para a evolução da atividade de construção de edifícios. São analisados os principais conceitos que identificam-se com o desenvolvimento tecnológico dos meios de produção de edifícios e estabelecidas definições para os mesmos. São também analisados os condicionantes que delimitam o contexto deste desenvolvimento no país. A metodologia proposta, entendida como um conjunto de preceitos destinados a orientar a condução de uma investigação e que se fundamenta na busca da máxima racionalização construtiva, é apresentada em dois níveis, o da doutrina e o da estratégia. A metodologia foi aplicada no desenvolvimento de um inovador processo construtivo de alvenaria estrutural de blocos cerâmicos. Este processo é apresentado e descreve-se como se deu o seu desenvolvimento, dos estudos iniciais à construção de edifícios protótipos. Conclue-se pela importância que a adoção de uma metodologia específica representa para a busca de soluções válidas para o conjunto da sociedade e como pode contribuir para a mudança da caótica situação atual por que passa a construção civil. / This thesis proposes a methodology to carry on the development research on building methods, processes and systems aiming at technological innovations which may effectivelly contribute for buildings construction activities evolution. The main concepts related to the technological development of the ways for the production process are analysed and their definitions established. It is also analysed the facts that restrain such development in Brazil. The proposed methodology is defined as a set of principles which objective is to point out the guidance for a scientific investigation and supported by the maximum building rationalization. This methodology is presented in two distinctive levels: the doctrine and the strategy. The methodology is applied specifically in the development of an innovative structural masonry process with ceramic blocks. The process is described, as well as the development performed stages: from the first studies to the prototype buildings construction. It is concluded that by adopting a specific methodology important solutions for the society as a whole are obtained and it gives essential support to change the disordered situation currently faced by the civil construction.

No description available.

Bakgrund: Taximarknaden har varit, och är, under förändring. Till följd av den teknologiska utvecklingen har nya aktörer och substitut etablerat sig på marknaden. Uber, Bzzt och Lime är endast tre av de företag som vuxit fram under de senare åren. De nya företagen bidrar inte endast med nya, innovativa substitut till traditionell taxi, utan även ökad konkurrens vad gäller tillgänglighet via digitala plattformar. Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att analysera den teknologiska utvecklingens betydelse för taximarknadens struktur och funktion, med fokus på Stockholm. Metod: Uppsatsens referensram är Structure-Conduct-Performance modellen. För djupare analys och förståelse har intervjuer med: Bzzt, Svenska Taxiförbundet och Taxi Stockholm, genomförts. Uppsatsen innefattar även två egna undersökningar om taxiföretagens prisnivå och tillgänglighet. De taxiföretagen som inkluderas i uppsatsen är: Sverigetaxi, TaxiKurir, Taxi Stockholm, TOPCAB samt Uber. Slutsats: Den teknologiska utvecklingen har en stor betydelse för taximarknadens struktur och funktion, i det avseende att den bidrar till en mer kundcentrerad och effektivare marknad. Marknadsstrukturen i Stockholm liknar en hybridmarknad mellan oligopol och fullständig konkurrens, beroende på de storleksmässiga skillnader som finns mellan aktörerna. Marknaden har en jämn prisnivå och bra tillgänglighet, varav det sistnämnda har förbättrats till följd av utvecklandet av taxiföretagens egna applikationer. / Background: The taxi market has been, and is, undergoing a transformation. As a result of the technological development, new companies and substitutes have been established on the market. Uber, Bzzt and Lime are only three of all the new companies that have emerged in the recent years, and not only contribute with new, innovative substitutes for traditional taxi, but also increased competition in terms of accessibility through digital platforms. Purpose: The purpose of the essay is to analyze the influence of the technological development on the taxi market’s structure and function, with focus on Stockholm. Completion: The main framework of the essay is the Structure-Conduct-Performance model. For a more profound analysis three interviews were conducted with: Bzzt, Svenska Taxiförbundet and Taxi Stockholm. The essay also includes a study of the price level and a study of the accessibility to a taxi. The included companies are: Sverigetaxi, TaxiKurir, Taxi Stockholm, TOPCAB and Uber. Conclusions: The technological development have a large impact on the structure and function of the taxi market, since it contributes to a more customer-centered and efficient market. The market structure in Stockholm is similar to a hybrid market of an oligopoly and perfect competition, depending on the difference in size of the existing companies. The market has a uniform price level and a good accessibility, of which the latest has improved as a result of the development of the taxi companies own applications.

Introdução: Escoliose é definida como um complexo desalinhamento tridimensional da coluna vertebral na qual há o aparecimento de uma curvatura lateral no plano coronal, normalmente associada com o aplanamento das curvaturas no plano sagital e rotação vertebral em seu eixo longitudinal. O padrão ouro para seu diagnóstico e monitoramento é a medida radiográfica pelo ângulo de Cobb, que possui como principais desvantagens o fato de não avaliar as curvas em três dimensões e expor os pacientes, principalmente os que estão em fase de crescimento, a consideráveis doses de radiação. Objetivo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal o desenvolvimento de um sistema de avaliação e representação da coluna vertebral em três dimensões, capaz de possibilitar ao usuário a análise quantitativa dos desvios da coluna vertebral nos planos coronal, sagital e transverso. São objetivos secundários estimar a precisão e a exatidão do sistema proposto, e avaliar a sua aplicabilidade a partir de um estudo de caso. Métodos: O Sistema desenvolvido, denominado de Spine 3D, é baseado no uso do controle de videogame Wiimote para rastrear LEDs infravermelhos que compõe um marcador multiplanar em uma cena, e tem como objetivo reconstruir em um ambiente 3D a pose das vértebras torácicas e lombares e, com isto, obter as variáveis angulares e de translação que descrevem seu alinhamento nos planos coronal, sagital e transverso. O experimento para a avaliação da exatidão e precisão consistiu em posicionar o marcador a 50 centímetros de distância do Wiimote, ambos alinhados em um mesmo plano. O marcador foi transladado em intervalos de 10 mm e rotacionado em 5°, 10°, 20° e 30° nos eixos X, Y e Z, com auxílio de um inclinômetro e um paquímetro digital. Os dados foram coletados a 100 Hz. A exatidão foi calculada comparando os resultados encontrados pelo sistema com os valores obtidos pelo inclinômetro e paquímetro digital. A precisão foi calculada a partir do desvio-padrão dos pontos coletados. Resultados: A exatidão média do sistema foi de 0,90° e 0,78mm. A precisão média do sistema foi de 0,62° e 0,42mm. Para o ângulo de Cobb na escoliose, a exatidão e precisão foram de 1,46° e 1,72°, e para a cifose torácica e lordose lombar, a exatidão e precisão foram de 2,82° e 1,60°, respectivamente. Durante o estudo de caso, a diferença entre o Spine3D e a radiografia, para o ângulo de Cobb foi de 1,3° para escoliose curva torácica e 2,24° para escoliose curva lombar. Conclusão: O sistema mostrou ter boa exatidão e precisão após os testes de validação interna. O estudo de caso sugere que a técnica possui potencial para aplicação clínica na avaliação dos desvios da coluna vertebral em três dimensões. / Introduction: Scoliosis is a complex three-dimensional malalignment of the vertebral column in which there is lateral curvature of the spine in the coronal plane, usually associated with flattening of the contour in the sagittal plane and rotation of the vertebrae around their longitudinal axes. Routine clinical analysis of the scoliotic spine is currently based on the radiographic measurement of Cobb angle. Although considered as the golden standard, it has the disadvantage of look over only the two-dimensional aspects of the curve and, over a period of years, the patient will be exposed to a large dose of radiation, especially in early onset curves. There is evidence that this may increase the risk of developing several types of cancer. Objective: This paper describes a new low-cost and radiation-free system to evaluate the three-dimensional aspects of scoliosis, and its concurrent validation in terms of accuracy and precision. Its applicability was tested in a case study. Methods: The system, named Spine3D, has the ability to track an infrared beacon equipped with LEDs (IRLED) to reconstruct the pose of each lumbar and thoracic vertebra in 3D space. The system also calculates the spine alignment to the coronal, sagittal and transverse planes. For accuracy and precision evaluation of the system, the beacon was positioned 50 cm away from the IR camera (Wiimote), aligned with in the same plane. The beacon was increasingly translated at 10 mm intervals and rotated at 5°, 10°, 20° and 30° on all three axes. The capture achieved rate was of 100 Hz roughly and accuracy was calculated comparing the results of Spine3D, digital paquimeter and digital inclinometer. Precision was considered as the standard deviation of the collected data. Results: The average accuracy obtained for the system is 0.90° and 0.78 mm, with precision of 0.62° and 0.42 mm. For Cobb angle calculations in coronal plane, accuracy and precision were of 1.46° and 1.72°, and for thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis, the values were 2.82° and 1.60°. During the case study, the difference between the Cobb angle measured by Spine3D and radiography was 1.3° for thoracic scoliosis curve and 2.24° for lumbar scoliosis curve. Conclusion: The Spine3D system offers a non-invasive and radiation-free alternative for three-dimensional spine assessment and representation. Future studies should indicate if the measures taken by the Spine3D system have correlation with the Cobb angle measured by other methods.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-05T18:38:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 10 / Nenhuma / As interações entre as universidades e o setor empresarial constituem um tema de interesse crescente. O processo de mudanças contínuas, a que as empresas estão submetidas requer dos atores empresariais novas formas de atuação para garantir sua competitividade, e as universidades se constituem, principalmente no Brasil, onde não há uma tradição das empresas investirem em áreas de pesquisa e desenvolvimento próprias, um importante parceiro. Tendo isso em vista o objetivo central deste trabalho foi de analisar de que forma as UGDT (Unidades de Gestão e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico) propostas pelas universidades tem promovido a interação com o setor empresarial. A metodologia adotada foi de natureza qualitativa e exploratória, sendo conduzido um estudo de casos múltiplos em duas universidades gaúchas, a UFRGS (Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul) e a PUCRS (Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul). Foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade e coletas de dados secundários com representantes da / The interactions between universities and businesses constitute a theme of increasing interest. The process of continuous changes to what the companies undergo require, from the players, new ways to act in order to guarantee their competitive status, and universities have become important partners, mostly in Brazil where there is no tradition for companies to invest in their own research and development areas. Taking into account that the aim of this work was to analyze how the UGDT (Technological Development and Management Units), proposed by universities, have promoted the interaction with businesses. The methodology used was qualitative and exploratory. A study of multiple cases in two universities of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS – Rio Grande do Sul Federal University – and PUCRS – Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul – was conducted. Thorough interviews and secondary data collection with representatives of these two universities, of the UGDTs, as well as with partner companies appointed by th

Hela mediebranschen är idag inne i ständigt pågående förändringsprocess. Alla medieorganisationer, såväl på global nivå som på lokal nivå, påverkas på ett eller annat sätt och måste ta ställning till hur de ska agera i förändringarna. Att utforma hållbara strategier för något som är i ständig förändring är dock inte helt okomplicerat.      I den här studien har fyra värmländska medieorganisationers förhållningssätt till strategier i förändringsprocesser undersökts. Två av dem, Nya Wermlands-Tidningen och TV4 Värmland, är kommersiellt drivna, medan två av dem verkar för public service, nämligen Sveriges Televisions Värmlandsnytt och Sveriges Radio Värmland. Dessa organisationer har valts ut för att det kan vara intressant att se hur det ser ut på lokal nivå, samt om synen på strategier i förändring skiljer sig åt beroende på om de verkar kommersiellt eller inte.      För att besvara syftet med studien har två delstudier genomförts, dels en kvalitativ samtalsintervju, där en person i ledningen på respektive medieorganisation har intervjuats och dels en mindre kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Den kvalitativa innehållsanalysen fungerar bara som ett komplement till samtalsintervjuerna, som är den huvudsakliga metoden i denna studie.      Resultatet av den empiriska studien visar att det finns uppenbara skillnader i vad de värmländska medieorganisationerna anser är avgörande i deras förändring och vad som påverkar deras strategiska arbete. Informanterna på de kommersiellt drivna Nya Wermlands-Tidningen och TV4 Värmland menar att publikens intresse är avgörande, medan de på Sveriges Televisions Värmlandsnytt och Sveriges Radio Värmland är mer inne på att direktiv från regering och riksdag är mest avgörande. / The entire media industry is at the moment in a constantly ongoing process of change. All media organizations, both at global level and at local level, are affected in one way or another, and must consider how to act in the changes. Designing sustainable strategies for something that is constantly changing isn’t easy at all.      In this study, the approach to strategies in change at four local media organizations has been studied. Two of them, Nya Wermlands-Tidningen and TV4 Värmland, are commercially driven, while two of them are working for public service. Those two are Sveriges Televisions Värmlandsnytt and Sveriges Radio Värmland. These organizations have been selected since it seems to be interesting to study the phenomenon at local level and to investigate if there are any differences in their views on strategies in change, depending on whether they are commercially driven or not.      To respond to the purpose of this study, two separate studies were implemented, one qualitative interview study, where one member of the management at each media organization has been interview and one minor qualitative content analysis study. The function of the qualitative content analysis is to complement the interviews. The qualitative interview is the main methodology in this study.      The result of the empirical study shows that there are clear differences in what the local media organizations believe is essential in their change and what influences their strategic work. The informants of the commercially driven organizations, Nya Wermlands-Tidningen and TV4 Värmland, believe that the interest of the audience is essential, while the informants of Sveriges Televisions Värmlandsnytt and Sveriges Radio Värmland believe that regulations from the Swedish government and the Swedish parliament is the most essential factor.