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Uppfattningar om en god död i en palliativ kontext : - med fokus på en förbättrad omvårdnad / Perceptions of a good death in a palliative context : - focusing on improving careJenelin, Anna-Karin, Tongnuson, Malin January 2010 (has links)
<p>Den palliativa vårdens mål är att uppnå en god och fridfull död. En god död har dock visat sig vara en individuell och varierande upplevelse varför patienten själv måste få möjlighet att uttala sig om sin förestående död. Forskning har framhållit att det finns olika uppfattningar om vad en god död innebär, utifrån patientens, närståendes och vårdpersonalens perspektiv. Syftet med litteraturstudien var därför att belysa kunskap om uppfattningar om en god död, för att kunna förbättra omvårdnaden i en palliativ kontext. Föreliggande litteraturstudie baseras på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultatet visade att det finns gemensamma uppfattningar om en god död, men även olikheter som är betydelsefulla ur ett omvårdnadsperspektiv. En god död kan sammanfattas som symptomkontroll, självbestämmande, sociala relationer, självbild, syntes och samtycke. Främst var det samtal kring den existentiella dimensionen som saknades av patienterna, och de närstående önskade mer information om döendeprocessen för att kunna förbereda sig inför sin närståendes död. Palliativ vårdfilosofi syftar till att ge patienterna en helhetsvård där befrämjande av livskvalitet står i fokus, trots att döden är nära förestående. Helhetsvård var också den inriktning som framkom som den viktigaste uppfattningen om en god död ur vårdpersonalens synvinkel. En god död inom en palliativ kontext är ett forskningsområde som behöver undersökas mer, framförallt gällande de olika uppfattningar som framkommit om en god död ur olika perspektiv.</p> / <p>The palliative care aims to achieve a good and peaceful death. A good death has proven to be an unique and varied experience why the patient should have an opportunity to comment on his impending death. Research has pointed out that there are different perceptions of what a good death means, from the patients’, relatives’ and nursing staff perspectives. The purpose of this study was therefore to elucidate knowledge about perceptions of a good death, in order to improve nursing care in a palliative context. This literature review is based on 15 scientific articles. The results showed that there are common perceptions of a good death, but also differences that are important from a nursing perspective. A good death can be summarized as symptom control, autonomy, social relationships, self image, synthesis and consent. Foremost it was conversation about the existential dimension, which was missing from the patients’ perspective. From the relatives’ perspective it was more desirable with information about the dying process in order to prepare for their relatives’ death. Palliative care philosophy aims to give the patients a holistic approach, where the promotion of quality of life is the focus, despite the fact that death is imminent. Holistic care was also the approach which emerged as the main idea of a good death from the nursing staff perspective. A good death in a palliative context is a research area that needs to be investigated further, especially concerning to the different views obtained about a good death from different perspectives.</p>
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Uppfattningar om en god död i en palliativ kontext : - med fokus på en förbättrad omvårdnad / Perceptions of a good death in a palliative context : - focusing on improving careJenelin, Anna-Karin, Tongnuson, Malin January 2010 (has links)
Den palliativa vårdens mål är att uppnå en god och fridfull död. En god död har dock visat sig vara en individuell och varierande upplevelse varför patienten själv måste få möjlighet att uttala sig om sin förestående död. Forskning har framhållit att det finns olika uppfattningar om vad en god död innebär, utifrån patientens, närståendes och vårdpersonalens perspektiv. Syftet med litteraturstudien var därför att belysa kunskap om uppfattningar om en god död, för att kunna förbättra omvårdnaden i en palliativ kontext. Föreliggande litteraturstudie baseras på 15 vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultatet visade att det finns gemensamma uppfattningar om en god död, men även olikheter som är betydelsefulla ur ett omvårdnadsperspektiv. En god död kan sammanfattas som symptomkontroll, självbestämmande, sociala relationer, självbild, syntes och samtycke. Främst var det samtal kring den existentiella dimensionen som saknades av patienterna, och de närstående önskade mer information om döendeprocessen för att kunna förbereda sig inför sin närståendes död. Palliativ vårdfilosofi syftar till att ge patienterna en helhetsvård där befrämjande av livskvalitet står i fokus, trots att döden är nära förestående. Helhetsvård var också den inriktning som framkom som den viktigaste uppfattningen om en god död ur vårdpersonalens synvinkel. En god död inom en palliativ kontext är ett forskningsområde som behöver undersökas mer, framförallt gällande de olika uppfattningar som framkommit om en god död ur olika perspektiv. / The palliative care aims to achieve a good and peaceful death. A good death has proven to be an unique and varied experience why the patient should have an opportunity to comment on his impending death. Research has pointed out that there are different perceptions of what a good death means, from the patients’, relatives’ and nursing staff perspectives. The purpose of this study was therefore to elucidate knowledge about perceptions of a good death, in order to improve nursing care in a palliative context. This literature review is based on 15 scientific articles. The results showed that there are common perceptions of a good death, but also differences that are important from a nursing perspective. A good death can be summarized as symptom control, autonomy, social relationships, self image, synthesis and consent. Foremost it was conversation about the existential dimension, which was missing from the patients’ perspective. From the relatives’ perspective it was more desirable with information about the dying process in order to prepare for their relatives’ death. Palliative care philosophy aims to give the patients a holistic approach, where the promotion of quality of life is the focus, despite the fact that death is imminent. Holistic care was also the approach which emerged as the main idea of a good death from the nursing staff perspective. A good death in a palliative context is a research area that needs to be investigated further, especially concerning to the different views obtained about a good death from different perspectives.
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Implementering av ISOBUS Virtual Terminal på fordonsdatorn CCP XSÖberg, Anders January 2005 (has links)
Modern agriculture equipment are more computer based today, and many equipments use a terminal in the tractor where the driver have the opportunity to make adjustments to the equipment. This is the reason why ISO developed a new standard called ISOBUS. It is a communication standard based on CAN specially adapted for griculture equipments. The purpose of the standard is that it should be ossible to equip a tractor with a standard terminal called Virtual Terminal that can be used to control the equipment. The use of the terminal should be independent of the manufacturer of the tractor as well as of the equipment. The purpose of this report is to find a solution of how to use CC Systems on-board computer, CCP XS, as a Virtual Terminal. In the report both Hardware and Software requirements have been examined, but mainly the software requirements. Only one suitable software vendor, Vector Informatik, was found after contacts with different software suppliers. It have not been possible to test this package because of the high price for the evaluation license. A demonstration solution has also been developed in the project. It consists of a simulator program, that runs on a PC, connected to a CPP XS that executes a Virtual Terminal program. An ISOBUS compatible J1939 protocol stack from Ixxat Automation has been integrated in the Virtual Terminal program. It gives the opportunity to test the protocol stack on a CPP XS. In order to limit the size of the project, not all functions in the ISOBUS standard is implemented in the demonstration solution. / Moderna jordbruksredskap har blivit allt mer datoriserade och många använder sig av en terminal i traktorn där föraren har möjlighet att göra inställningar på redskapet. Därför har en standard för detta tagits fram av ISO kallad ISOBUS. Det är en kommunikationsstandard baserad på CAN speciellt framtagen för jordbruksmaskiner. Syftet med standarden är att en traktor skall kunna vara utrustad med en standardterminal kallad Virtual Terminal som används för att styra redskapen. Denna terminal skall kunna användas till samtliga redskap som kopplas till traktorn oberoende av vem som tillverkar redskapen eller traktorn. Syftet med rapporten är att hitta en lösning för hur CC Systems fordonsdator CCP XS kan användas som en Virtual Terminal. I rapporten har dels kraven på hårdvaran undersökts men det största arbetet har lagts på att hitta en lämplig mjukvarulösning. Efter att ha kontaktat olika leverantörer av mjukvara har endast ett lämpligt mjukvarupaket hittats och det levereras av Vector Informatik. Dock har inte detta paket kunnat testas på grund av det höga priset på en utvärderingslicens. Det har också i projektet tagits fram en demonstrator som består av en simulator för PC som kopplas till en CCP XS som kör en Virtual Terminal mjukvara. I programvaran för Terminalen valdes en ISOBUS kompatibel J1939 protokollstack från Ixxat Automation att användas, för att få möjlighet att provköra den protokollstacken på CCP XS. För att arbetet inte skulle bli för stort har dessa programvaror begränsats till att endast stödja vissa funktioner i ISOBUSstandarden.
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Development of a Laboratory Verified Single-Duct VAV System Model with Fan Powered Terminal Units Optimized Using Computational Fluid DynamicsDavis, Michael A. 2010 August 1900 (has links)
Single Duct Variable Air Volume (SDVAV) systems use series and parallel Fan
Powered Terminal Units to control the air flow in conditioned spaces. This research
developed a laboratory verified model of SDVAV systems that used series and parallel
fan terminal units where the fan speeds were controlled by either Silicon Controlled
Rectifiers (SCR) or Electronically Commutated Motors (ECM) motors. As part of the
research, the model was used to compare the performance of the systems and to predict
the harmonics generated by ECM systems. All research objectives were achieved.
The CFD model, which was verified with laboratory measurements, showed the
potential to identify opportunities for improvement in the design of the FPTU and
accurately predicted the static pressure drop as air passed through the unit over the full
operating range of the FPTU.
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of typical a FPTU were developed and
used to investigate opportunities for optimizing the design of FPTUs. The CFD model
identified key parameters required to conduct numerical simulations of FPTU and some of the internal components used to manufacture the units. One key internal component
was a porous baffle used to enhance mixing when primary air and induced air entered
the mixing chamber. The CFD analysis showed that a pressure-drop based on face
velocity model could be used to accurately predict the performance of the FPTU.
The SDVAV simulation results showed that parallel FPTUs used less energy overall
than series systems that used SCR motors as long as primary air leakage was not
considered. Simulation results also showed that series ECM FPTUs used about the same
amount of energy, within 3 percent, of parallel FPTU even when leakage was not considered.
A leakage rate of 10 percent was enough to reduce the performance of the parallel FPTU to the
level of the series SCR system and the series ECM FPTUs outperformed the parallel
FPTUs at all weather locations used in the study.
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A hospice in Sandy Bay何敏泉, Ho, Man-chuen, Anthony. January 1995 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture
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Towards nirvanna: a Buddhist hospiceMak, Kiu-yan, Wayne., 麥喬恩. January 1996 (has links)
published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture
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Effect of nitric oxide and inflammatory mediators on axonal transport / Effect of nitric oxide and inflammatory mediators on axonal transport / Effect of nitric oxide and inflammatory mediators on axonal transport / Effect of nitric oxide and inflammatory mediators on axonal transportStagi, Massimiliano 01 November 2005 (has links)
No description available.
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The modernization of the Port of Callao: The response of the State to the exportation wave of 2004-2011 / La modernización del puerto del Callao: La respuesta del Estado a la ola exportadora 2004-2011Guibert, Yamilé, Cruz, Marylia, Figueroa, Manuel January 2015 (has links)
El último periodo de crecimiento económico y el deseo de elevar la competitividad del comercio exterior peruano exigieron del Estado peruano una respuesta de modernización de su infraestructura portuaria. El proceso de modernización del Terminal Portuario del Callao, el número uno del país y considerado la plataforma logística más importante de la Costa Oeste de Sudamérica, resulta ser un interesante estudio de caso sobre la adaptación del Estado a una combinación de factores internacionales (aumento de los precios de las materias primas y el impulso de políticas de apertura comercial) y domésticos (demanda de empresarios y decisión política). Mientras que se evidencian nuevos aprendizajes del Estado peruano, por ejemplo en el manejo de nuevas reglas de juego en materia de concesiones portuarias con la participación de operadores de talla mundial y el notable incremento de la competitividad de su principal terminal portuario, se manifiestan serias debilidades en planificación y el aseguramiento de políticas a largo plazo que trasciendan gobiernos.
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Câncer, corpo e cinema : lições de Hollywood sobre adoecer e morrer / Cancer, body and movie picture: Hollywood lessons about getting sick and dying / Cáncer, cuerpo y cine: lecciones de Hollywood acerca de quedarse enfermo y morirNiemeyer, Fernanda January 2010 (has links)
O estudo busca conhecer o modo pelo qual o corpo do doente com câncer é apresentado por um conjunto de 15 filmes produzidos em Hollywood, entre 1970 e 2007, cujo tema central gira em torno do personagem adulto com câncer em estágio avançado. Com base nos Estudos Culturais, em sua vertente pós-estruturalista, penso que aprendemos a ver o corpo doente de diferentes formas, nas mais diversas instâncias educativas, sendo o cinema uma delas. A partir da análise cultural, sustentada pelas noções de “discurso” e “subjetividade”, propostas pelo filósofo Michel Foucault, articulo uma das possíveis leituras do corpus fílmico. Tal leitura possibilitou a construção de três lições de Hollywood sobre adoecer e morrer de câncer: “Primeira lição de Hollywood: aprendendo a ser doente”, “Segunda lição de Hollywood: aprendendo a cuidar do corpo doente” e “Terceira lição de Hollywood: aprendendo a morrer de câncer”. Nelas, avalio como o discurso cinematográfico atua como uma pedagogia cultural que produz sujeitos que vêem o corpo doente de determinado modo, que ensina a cuidar desse corpo e a morrer de câncer, nos dando pistas sobre como aprendemos a nos relacionar com a doença a partir dos artefatos midiáticos. Com isso, minha proposta é suscitar reflexões que possam contribuir, de alguma forma, para a assistência e para a docência em Enfermagem. / The study aims at learning how the body of the cancer patient is portrayed by a set of 15 movies produced in Hollywood between 1970 and 2007 whose central theme is about an adult character with cancer at advanced stage. Based on the Cultural Studies and their post-structuralism version, I think that we learn seeing the sick body in different ways, under the most varied educative instances, among which the movie picture stands out. Starting from the cultural analysis, supported by the notions of “discourse” and “subjectivity”, as proposed by philosopher Michel Foucault, I articulate one of the possible readings of the movie picture corpus. Such reading allowed the construction of three Hollywood lessons about getting sick and dying of cancer: “First Hollywood lesson: learning how being sick”, “Second Hollywood lesson: learning how taking care of the sick body” and “Third Hollywood lesson: learning how dying of cancer”. In such lessons, I make an assessment of how the movie picture discourse acts as a cultural pedagogy that produces subjects who see the sick body in a certain way and teaches how taking care of such body and how dying of cancer and therefore gives us hints about how we learn to get along with the disease from media artifacts. Thus, my proposal is raising reflections that may somehow contribute to care and education in Nursing. / El estudio busca conocer el modo como el cuerpo del enfermo con cáncer es presentado por un conjunto de 15 películas producidas en Hollywood, entre 1970 y 2007, cuyo tema central es acerca del personaje adulto con cáncer en estado avanzado. Con base en los Estudios Culturales y su versión posestructuralista, pienso que aprendemos a ver el cuerpo enfermo de distintas formas, en las más diversas instancias educativas, siendo el cine una de ellas. A partir del análisis cultural, sostenido por las nociones de “discurso” y “subjetividad”, propuestas por el filósofo Michel Foucault, articulo una de las posibles lecturas del corpus cinematográfico. Tal lectura posibilitó la construcción de tres lecciones de Hollywood acerca de quedarse enfermo y morir de cáncer: “Primera lección de Hollywood: aprendiendo a ser enfermo”, “Segunda lección de Hollywood: aprendiendo a cuidar del cuerpo enfermo” y “Tercera lección de Hollywood: aprendiendo a morir de cáncer”. En ellas, evalúo de qué forma el discurso cinematográfico actúa como una pedagogía cultural que produce sujetos que ven el cuerpo enfermo de determinado modo, que enseña a cuidar de ese cuerpo y a morir de cáncer, dándonos señales acerca de cómo aprendemos a relacionarnos con la enfermedad a partir de los artefactos de los medios. Así, mi propuesta es suscitar reflexiones que puedan contribuir, de alguna manera, para la asistencia y la enseñanza en Enfermería. Palabras-
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Instituições e custos de transação no sistema portuário baiano: o caso tecon salvadorSouza Junior, Antonio Carlos de Andrade Silva e January 2008 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2008 / O Comércio exterior da Bahia cresceu substancialmente provocando uma demanda crescente
por serviços portuários. O Porto de Salvador é responsável por uma parte significativa do movimento
de cargas gerado pelo desenvolvimento econômico do estado e voltado para o comércio
exterior. Nos últimos anos, o TECONSV - TECON Salvador S/A, único terminal especializado
em contêineres do estado, operado por um agente privado desde 2000, tem movimentado
basicamente cargas baianas sem atrair cargas de outros estados vizinhos. Adicionalmente,
cargas baianas conteinerizadas têm sido exportadas ou importadas por outros portos
brasileiros, principalmente pelos portos de Santos, Vitória, Sepetiba. São Francisco do Sul,
Suape e Pecem. A presente dissertação é um estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa e tem
como objetivo identificar as razões que explicam a perda de carga do TECONSV para outros
portos e sua falta de capacidade de atrair cargas de outros estados. Para responder a esta pergunta
central foi utilizado o aparato teórico da Nova Economia Institucional na identificação
de custos de transação, pois estes estão normalmente presentes pela especificidade dos ativos
típicos nesse tipo de ambiente. Entrevistas com os principais agentes econômicos envolvidos
na movimentação de contêineres pelo Porto de Salvador forneceram informações necessárias
para a identificação dos principais custos de transação. Uma revisão bibliográfica sobre desempenho
de terminais de contêineres foi também utilizada para responder a questão central.
Para a avaliação do desempenho do TECONSV, utilizou-se a análise dos indicadores de desempenho
portuário publicados pela ANTAQ em conjunto com outros indicadores identificados
como críticos neste tipo de operação. Os resultados foram comparados com os dados dos
principais terminais competidores que possuem dados publicados pela ANTAQ.
O estudo mostrou que ambiente portuário de cargas conteinerizadas apresenta custos de transação
significativos que afetam o seu desempenho e que foram agrupados em quatro categorias:
inadequações contratuais, lentidão nos processos decisórios, comunicação ineficiente, excesso
de burocracia e falhas de ação reguladora. Os custos de transação são reflexos da estrutura
de governança adotada na administração e fiscalização do sistema portuário brasileiro
que se iniciou com a Lei 8630/93. Essa estrutura é afetada pelas interferências políticas nos
processos reguladores e decisórios. Apesar disso, a análise do desempenho do terminal mostra
que seus preços e tempos de espera são inferiores à média do conjunto de terminais analisados,
mesmo com pranchas e consignações médias inferiores à média do conjunto e das restrições
físicas de área, calado e acesso rodoviário. Conclui-se que a perda de carga não é justificada
pelos indicadores de desempenho, mas que o terminal encontra-se com sua capacidade
esgotada e, portanto, impedido de atrair cargas de outros estados. A perda de carga, contudo,
não se deve somente às restrições apresentadas nas características físicas mais importantes do
terminal ou ao seu gerenciamento. A perda de carga é também explicada por razões ligadas ao
cruzamento de hinterlândias, existência e freqüência de rotas, questões comerciais, tributação,
metodologias de cômputo das exportações e importações do Ministério da Indústria e Comércio
Exterior que se somam aos custos de transação identificados. / Salvador
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