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This study focuses on investigating the dynamics of language brokering as Korean immigrant families experience environmental challenges associated with immigration. This study was conducted with qualitative research design with purposive sampling of Korean immigrant families. Six parent-child dyads were recruited and participating children were between 12 to 16 years old. Semi-structured interviews were conducted separately with parents and children in either English or Korean. Thematic analysis was employed for analyzing the transcribed interviews. The Dedoose software program was applied to assist the coding process. 12 subthemes were revealed under four main themes, which were aligned to the study's research questions. The twelve subthemes included parents' dependence on children, vulnerability and resilience of Korean immigrant families, children's socioemotional development through language brokering, and the role of first-born daughter in the family. Parent and child responses indicated how language brokering affects can be a risk in relation to children's development (i.e., with responsibility of language brokering leading the child to experience stress or experience the responsibility of translation as a burden. Positively, respondents indicated that the parent and child experienced a greater sense of empathy for each other's roles. The results derived from this study were aligned with the results of previous research conducted in the field in that language brokering affects parent-child relationship and the socioemotional development of children. The study adds to the literature with the interviewing both parents and children, thereby hearing both perspectives and experiences of parents and children on language brokering and parent-child relationships could be obtained. This study targeted Korean immigrant families since there is a lack in literature that have studied this population in relation to language brokering.

Mobility within the community is a necessary part of urban life for enhancing personal well-being and happiness. However, autistic individuals may not be the natural players in this context and have risks of using public transport, including getting disoriented, meltdown or shutdown, and being discriminated against in motion. This can be attributed to their difficulties in social communication and cognitive abilities brought about by autism. However, autistic individuals’ lived experience is rarely explored in the field. Thus, this study aims to examine their personal experiences and pay attention to how autism is enacted in public transport settings, and various encounters in a material environment. A two-month ethnographic study was used from the perspective of a micro-lens of a specific autistic adult individual. Through a narrative analysis of “key events” happening in the process of movements, the materiality of mobility by taking public transport for autistic individuals’ ordinary life was presented.  The findings and analysis are unfolding from three oriented dimensions. Firstly, I point out that as a material practical form of moving, encounters of the autistic participant with other passengers in a public moving space are merely a temporary gathering, shaping a relationship that avoids communication. Additionally, risks exist including information overload and being disoriented that show how autism is enacted in public transportation settings. Secondly, I suggest that as the material basis of the movements of taking public transport, the outside landscape presents the materialistic appearance of the modern city, bringing a sense of security as well as a channel for the autistic participant to learn new things, but at the same time the de-naturalization and modernity exacerbates the autistic one’s negative relation to the urban environment. Last, I demonstrate how the coercive nature of the technological objects intervenes in the originally pure tension between autistic individual and moving services, thus indirectly exposing the loss of discursive power and resources experienced by the participant.  Based on these findings, I draw on the discussions of the strategies and the built environment. From the standpoint of the former, it shows that prioritizing fast mobility has led to the neglect of actual needs for a higher standard of moving experience. This also indicates that the autistic one's resistance to movement often manifests as an attachment to the fixed and secure space of the home, forming the strategies of responsiveness and resistance. The latter suggests the ‘perspective turn’ to the social model of disability, realizing that being disabled might be a universal experience of a person, and everyone could be in a state of disability either permanently or temporarily. Therefore, optimizing the built environment of public transport not only benefits autistic individuals but also represents an investment in broader social well-being.

Bakgrund: Inflammatorisk tarmsjukdom innefattar både ulcerös kolit och Crohns sjukdom, vilka är kroniska inflammatoriska tarmsjukdomar. De båda sjukdomarna löper i skov med plötsliga försämringsperioder och långa perioder utan besvär. Det är viktigt att sjuksköterskan vidtar specifika omvårdnadsåtgärder samt förhåller sig personcentrerat där värden som värdighet bevaras för att stödja personen. Syfte: Att beskriva personers erfarenheter av att leva med inflammatorisk tarmsjukdom. Metod: Till metod valdes en litteraturöversikt och de databaser som användes var PubMed samt Cinahl Complete. Inklusionskriterier var vetenskapliga originalartiklar, genomgått peer-review, engelskt språk samt publicerade från år 2014 till 2024. Genom ett systematiskt urval arbetades tio artiklar fram, varav nio med kvalitativ design och en med mixad metod. Resultat: I litteraturöversiktens resultat framkom det att personer med inflammatorisk tarmsjukdom hade erfarenheten av att sjukdomen påverkade deras dagliga liv, både i det sociala livet och yrkeskarriären. Personer med inflammatorisk tarmsjukdom hade även erfarenheter att sjukdomen påverkade det emotionella välbefinnandet. Det lyftes även fram hur personer hanterade sjukdomen, vilka strategier som användes och stödets betydelse beskrevs. Slutsats: Litteraturöversikten visade att personer med inflammatorisk tarmsjukdom möter utmaningar inom många områden i livet. På grund av de anpassningar som individen måste genomgå är det viktigt att sjuksköterskan bidrar med stöd för att möjliggöra effektiv sjukdomshantering. Roys adaptionsteori kan ge sjuksköterskan en bättre förståelse för personernas anpassningsförmåga och kompensera med stöd för att hälsa och livskvalité ska upprätthållas. / Background: Inflammatory bowel disease encompasses both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's Disease, which are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. Both diseases are characterized by periods of flare-ups with sudden exacerbations and long periods of remission. It is important for nurses to implement specific nursing interventions and to maintain a person-centered approach where values like dignity are preserved to support the person. Aim: To describe people's experiences of living with inflammatory bowel disease. Method: The chosen method was a literature review, with PubMed and CINAHL Complete as the selected databases. Inclusion criteria were scientific original articles that had undergone peer review, were in English, and were published from 2014 onwards. Through a systematic selection process, ten articles were identified, of which nine had a qualitative design and one used mixed methods. Results: In the results of the literature review, it was found that individuals with inflammatory bowel disease experienced the impact of the disease on their daily lives, including their social life and professional careers. They also reported that the disease affected their emotional well-being. Additionally, the review highlighted how individuals managed the disease, the strategies they used, and the significance of support. Conclusion: The literature review showed that individuals with inflammatory bowel disease face challenges in many areas of life. Due to the adaptations that the individual must undergo, it is important for nurses to provide support to enable effective disease management. Roy`s adaption theory can provide the nurse with a better understanding of individual`s adaptability and compensate with support to maintain health and quality of life.

Det har sedan början av 2000-talet skett en gradvis ökning av andelen som får vård för psykiatriska tillstånd. Specialistsjuksköterskan med inriktning mot psykiatrisk vård har flera specifika åtaganden, varav ett är att ansvara för att patienten får stöd och insatser för att stärka förmågan till egenvård och återhämtning. När specialistsjuksköterskan aktivt skapar tillitsfulla relationer, arbetar med en etisk medvetenhet, empati och gör patienten delaktig i utformningen av sin vårdplan, kan hon stötta patienten till egenvård och återhämtning. Specialistsjuksköterskan bör etablera god kontakt med anhöriga och ha insikt i att psykisk sjukdom drabbar hela familjen och inte bara den enskilde individen. Sjukvården har ansvar för att fånga upp patienter med svår psykisk sjukdom i ett tidigt skede för att minska lidande och återinsjuknande, men även för att spara på sjukvårdens resurser och ekonomi. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva specialistsjuksköterskor inom psykiatrisk vårds levda erfarenheter av att vårda patienter enligt lagen om psykiatrisk tvångsvård. Enskilda, kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes med åtta specialistsjuksköterskor inom psykiatrisk vård för att utforska fenomenet. Analysen av intervjuerna gjordes utifrån ett fenomenologiskt perspektiv med induktiv ansats. Resultatet presenteras i tre huvudkategorier och elva underkategorier. Huvudkategorierna benämns Professionell utveckling, Etiska överväganden och Vårdande förhållningssätt. Professionell utveckling består av underkategorierna Växa över tid, Reflektion, Kompetensutveckling och Självinsikt. Etiska överväganden utgörs av underkategorierna Etisk medvetenhet, Värna patientens Integritet och Intressekonflikter. Vårdande förhållningssätt utgörs av underkategorierna Lyhörd, Patientens delaktighet, Vårdande miljö samt Organisation och resursfördelning. I diskussionen förs resonemang kring studiens resultat utifrån en fenomenologisk livsvärldsteoretisk ansats. / Since the early 2000s, there has been a gradual increase in people receiving care for psychiatric conditions. The specialist nurse in psychiatric care has several specific commitments. The specialist nurse can support the patient in self-care and recovery with trusting relationships, an ethical awareness and involve the patient in the design of their care plan. The specialist nurse should involve relatives in the care and be aware that mental illness affects the whole family and not just the individual. The healthcare system must identify patients with severe mental illness at an early stage to reduce suffering and recurrence, and also to save healthcare resources and finances. The purpose of this study was to describe specialist nurses in psychiatric care's lived experiences of caring for patients according to the law on compulsory psychiatric care. Individual, qualitative interviews were conducted with eight specialist nurses in psychiatric care to explore the phenomenon. The analysis of the interviews was done from a phenomenological perspective with an inductive approach. The results are presented in three main categories and eleven subcategories. The main categories are called Professional Development, Ethical Considerations and Nurturing Approaches. Professional development consists of the subcategories Grow over time, Reflection, Competence development and Self-insight. Ethical considerations consist of the subcategories Ethical awareness, Protecting the patient's integrity and Conflicts of interest. Caring approaches consist of the subcategories Responsive, Patient participation, Caring environment and Organization and resource allocation. In the discussion, the results of the study are discussed based on a phenomenological life-world theoretical approach.

This study examines how scent can be used as a tool in a museum context to deepen the learning for visitors. When scent is brought into a museum context, it creates new conditions for enhancing a visitor’s experience of a museum visit. Therefore, the purpose of this essay is to highlight if scent has a potential as a tool for learning in a museum context and how our sense of smell can make us remember. Through a reading of previous research in the field and with two qualitative interviews, one with and museum curator and one with a fragrance creator, the picture of how museums have worked with scent as a multisensory tool has deepened. This study is based on three different theoretical frameworks. The first theory is based on J. Douglas Porteous’ concept of smellscapes. The second theory is based on Karin Johannisson’s concept of nostalgia. The last theory is based on Richard Stevenson’s five approaches to incorporating scent into a museum environment. The study shows that by using multisensory tools in exhibitions it may be easier for a visitor to remember an exhibition or a museum visit if another sense than vision is integrated. By analysing the qualitative interviews based on the theoretical frameworks, the study shows how scent incorporated in a museum context can deepen the learning for visitors and change the way knowledge is communicated by incorporating multiple senses, in this case focusing on smell. By using smell visitors can, through own lived experiences, remember different memories connected to it. The analysis has shown that scent has a potential to deepen the learning in a museum context.

Xhosa people practise the circumcision ritual. The exciting period is during the pre- circumcision. It is also the time when Xhosa teenage boys experience various problems associated with the ritual. The main purpose of the study was to explore and describe Xhosa teenage boys' experiences of the period prior to the circumcision ritual in East London in the Eastern Cape Province. A descriptive, exploratory and descriptive qualitative research design was followed and 28 participants volunteered to participate. In-depth phenomenological focus group interviews were conducted. Data analysis revealed two themes: social pressure on teenage Xhosa boys associated with the ritual, and depression associated with the treatment of teenage Xhosa boys by their communities. The study recommends that all stakeholders be involved in the performance of the ritual. A limitation of the study was failure to include stakeholders. The researcher recommends further research to involve all stakeholders of the ritual. / Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health)