This bachelor’s thesis is about the reregulation of the Swedish pharmacy monopoly that occurred in July 2009. The study is examining the intentions of the reregulation, the Swedish pharmacy market as it is today and if there seems to be a correlation between these. The theory used for the study is the policy process and it serves as a way for the reader to gain a deeper understanding of the process between the preparations of the decision, and the evaluation of the solution that was implemented.  Through a policy analysis and by looking at documents carried out by government authorities the analysis lifts the intentions of the reregulation by interpreting its goals. By reading evaluating documents regarding the reregulation, it is possible to create a perception of the pharmacy market today. In the discussion the question regarding the correlation between these two is brought up and looked at. The result of the study shows that the outcome of the reregulation is not fully correlating to the intentions that was once written in preparing material for the decision. The reregulation was looking for efficiency, availability, lowering costs and creating a safe drug use for the costumers. After looking at the combined material not all goals have been achieved to its fullest.

The purpose of this study was to increase the knowledge of how social workers who work with support in daily living (SIDL) view their professional role, their work assignments and the obstacles and possibilities in their work. This study aims to answer what social workers within SIDL do in their work and how they view their role, what obstacles and possibilities they face, what the organizational conditions look like as well as how they experience SIDL has changed over time. Data was collected through 6 semi-structured interviews with social workers who work with SIDL. The interviews were inductively analyzed. New Public management (NPM) was later applied as a theoretical framework to better understand the results. Five themes have been identified: the shell of SIDL, the core of SIDL, a catch-all service, work environment and top-down management within the organization. The result of this study shows that pedagogy and flexibility are some of the core elements in SIDL, and that NPM is not compatible with these core elements. The results also indicate a stronger presence of NPM as governing logic over time.

Over the last two decades, public sector organisations in the UK have invested heavily on electronic government (E-Government) projects to transform the services offered to citizens. E-government is seen as an enabler that helps public services to become more efficient, transparent, cost effective and accountable. In this respect the implementation of e-government projects have been influenced by private sector thinking borrowed from New Public Management (NPM) principles. However, the evaluation of e-government under the influence of NPM has been primarily focused on economic and technical outputs whereas its value to citizens has been largely ignored. Furthermore, research shows that many e-government projects have failed to deliver the desired outcomes when influenced by NPM principles. Recent studies have emerged that highlights the significance of public value to understand the broader outcomes of e-government services. The aim of this study is to explore the concept of public value and identify the antecedents that affect value and the consequences of value on e-government. To do so, this study develops a conceptual model grounded on Public Value Theory, DeLone and McLean IS Success Model and Means End Chain Theory combining the disciplines of Public Administration, Information Systems and Marketing. The conceptual model was validated through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) based on online surveys of 705 users of egovernment services in the UK. The findings have highlighted significant theoretical and practical implications for researchers and policy makers. This research highlights that the key dimensions (services, outcome and trust) of public value theory cannot be validated on their own as they are far too abstract in current literature. Therefore, this study verifies that public value can only be validated by drawing from the multiple fields of Public Administration, Information System and Marketing. From a practical perspective, the study offers policy makers a frame of reference to understand the influence of value on the adoption and re-use of e-government services.

At the beginning of the twenty-first century a burgeoning global private military sector is increasingly involved in areas of defence and security that, up until recently, were popularly thought of as being within the monopolistic preserve of the nation state. Finding itself at the vanguard of profound political and economic change, today’s Royal Navy is increasingly reliant on relationships with the private sector that only thirty years ago would have seemed unimaginable to many commentators. As naval shipbuilding, dockyard refitting, logistics, training, and even warship ownership and manning, move from a unitary state to an increasingly self-organising private sector bounded by a differentiated and decentered polity, this thesis is concerned with boundaries of elite discourse on legitimacy in the political economy of Royal Navy and British naval sea power and their implications for New Public Management theory. At its core, the study presents original research into the attitudes of fifty elite opinion formers directly concerned with the discourse of Royal Navy modernisation and profiles their ideational boundaries concerning the political economy of force and violence. The thesis makes an original contribution to knowledge by presenting empirically and framing theoretically the ways in which elite naval attitudes to the political economy of legitimated force have changed and are evolving. The research is important because it challenges what many commentators have come to believe to be an a priori function of the nation state, namely, the monopoly use of force, with the actual views of those opinion formers who currently hold positions of power and influence in and around one of its core ‘ideal type’ institutions: the Royal Navy. The research is also significant because in attempting to clarify the conceptual boundaries of this elite discourse, it also presents a powerful critique of New Public Management with reference to the problematic dimensions of time, economic complexity and socio-political power.

Bakgrund: Användningen av uppföljnings- och kontrollsystem har stor betydelse både för privata och offentliga verksamheter. Uppföljning och utvärdering är två viktiga processer som oftast inte är tillräckliga inom offentliga verksamheter. För att öka användningen av dessa och för att nå en högre effektivitet efterfrågas ökad kompetensnivå samt kontinuerliga rutiner för utvärdering och utveckling. Dessa processer används för att avgöra om offentliga verksamheter utvecklas i enlighet med sina mål och att organisationens arbete fungerar som planerat. Syfte: Studien syftar primärt till att utvärdera hur Kronofogdemyndigheten Sydosts interna uppföljningssystem GUPP fungerar och är uppbyggt samt om det uppfyllt sitt implementeringssyfte utifrån dess förväntade effekter. Med utgångspunkt i analysen skall studien också generera åtgärdsförslag för att på så sätt öka användbarheten för verksamheten och deras medarbetare. Metod: Denna uppsats är genomförd som en utvärderingsstudie då vi tilldelats ett uppdrag från enhetschefen för Kronofogdemyndighetens Sydostregion. Vi har via kvalitativa semistrukturerade och ostrukturerade intervjuer samlat in empirisk data. Intervjuer har genomförts med enhetschef, controller, åtta teamchefer samt fyra medarbetare. Resultat och slutsatser: Det råder delade meningar om hur systemet fungerar och om dess syften har uppfyllts. Problemen kan dels härledas till hur systemet är utformat men framförallt till hur ledningen agerar i styrandet samt implementeringen av GUPP. Sex olika fokusområden med tillhörande aktiviteter har framställts som åtgärdsförslag för att KFM ska kunna förbättra sin uppföljning och öka användbarheten. Fokus gällande åtgärder bör riktas mot att utveckla kommunikationen samt att införa utbildningar och tydliga instruktioner för användarna av GUPP.

La “Gestión Pública Moderna” o también llamada “Nueva Gestión Pública” (NGP) o “New Public Management” (NPM) es una tendencia impulsada por las Reformas del Estado de segunda generación que prioriza la generación de “valor público” a tres niveles (estratégico, entorno político y operativo); a su vez reconoce al “proceso político” como mecanismo para la asignación de recursos del Estado y favorece la incorporación de los “gerentes públicos”como franja directiva que se sitúa entre las autoridades políticas y los empleados públicos.

This essay concerns teacher professionalism and how its prerequisites have been affected by the politcs of the employer organization Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions (SALAR). In Sweden, the government has during the last thirty years carried out extensive school reforms, fueled by the paradigm of New Public Management. On the whole, these reforms have contributed to the so called 'de-professionalization' of Swedish school teachers. However, the impact of labour politics has to great lenghts been neglected in political research on teacher professionalism, and that is the gap which this thesis aims to fill. By using a wide range of material, such as collective bargaining agreements, policy documents, debate articles and semistructured interviews, a reconstruction of the SALARs' labour politics has been made. Furthermore, an ideal-typical analytical framework of the two contrasting and competing governance models new managerialism and professionalism was applied on the reconstruction. The results are in short that the organization in many ways has contributed to the de-professionalization process which Swedish school teachers have undergone. By allocating power and authority to headmasters and municipalities, the discretion and legitimacy of theteacher profession itself has been circumscribed. Via these policies, a clearer hierarchy between the profession and its headmasters has come into place. Furthermore, the results indicate that the SALAR promotes organizational norms and values, rather than professional dito. In the light of the now being 'recruitment crisis' and the low attraction of the teaching profession, the results are particurlarly relevant.

In the last decade, the reach of New Public Management (NPM) has stretched well beyond its Western origins as modernising African governments and their global health partners have sought to import new approaches. Public health systems in Africa are entirely different to those of the West however, and this sort of application introduces a number of contextually-specific questions that are not considered by the majority of the NPM literature. The few studies that do investigate NPM in Africa are evaluative in content, seeking to understand whether reforms work and to identify barriers to success. Invariably, whether they find in favour of public management reform or not, the same issues are highlighted: lack of capacity, weak institutions, and improper implementation. This thesis will build a theory of NPM reform that is particular to the African context. I develop this theoretical extension through an intensive ethnographic case study of one of the most important on-going public health reform efforts in Africa—the transformation of the entire Ethiopian hospital system to an NPM-style administrative regime. I develop a constructionist theory of African NPM through thick description of the hospitals under reform. I detail the various ways in which the reforms are indigenised as they meet up with local understandings, institutions, and market contexts, and the inevitable unintended consequences as managers seek to ‘make do’ in environments radically different to those of NPM’s origins. I then conduct a detailed consumer analysis to describe the strategies employed by patients seeking care. Patients from different class positions use very different strategies to get health services and I demonstrate that the reform has very different consequences for Ethiopians across classes. Many patients are not recognisable as the ‘customers’ described in the reform documents, and so the hospitals do not organise their reform efforts to serve them.

During our time as substitute social secretaries within financial support we heard colleges that criticized the magnitude of documentation. This critique sparked our interest of documentations relation to client focused work. The aim of this study was to create an understanding regarding how the duty of documentations takes form in the work of social secretaries. We seek clarity in what purpose social secretaries pay documentation and what function it plays in their work. We met with six social secretaries involved with financial support and interviewed them, using semi structured interviews. The answers received showed an understanding of the importance of documentation but also that it is a time consuming task. Documentation within itself does not lead to anyone being self-contained regarding their financial situation, yet the results show that documentation make up over 60% and sometimes 80% of the worktime of social secretaries within financial support. The time spent on documentation was thought of as necessary to fulfill the task the social secretaries are handed. One of the interviewed secretaries expressed that this balance of work tasks shapes their work in a way that cannot be considered “social work”. The phenomenon is analysed using professionalism theory and “acting space” as a theoretical concept.

A administração pública brasileira tem uma imagem muito negativa perante a sociedade, o que se deve, em grande medida, a um histórico de ineficiência e práticas patrimonialistas e clientelistas. Para enfrentar o desafio de mudar esse tipo de administração pública, a corrente de pensamento denominada Nova Administração Pública (NAP) ou administração gerencialista, como ficou conhecida no Brasil, propõe novos métodos e técnicas de gestão a ela adaptados, muitos deles oriundos das práticas de empresas privadas. Assim, como outras experiências anteriores de reformas no Estado brasileiro, a NAP também ficou mais restrita ao âmbito federal, sendo poucas as oportunidades de estudá-la em nível subnacional (estados ou municípios), ou mesmo via estudos intraorganizacionais. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar, por meio de um estudo de caso único, a experiência de implantação de alguns dos valores e práticas da Nova Administração Pública num órgão público brasileiro, de nível estadual, historicamente vinculado aos procedimentos típicos da burocracia tradicional. O órgão público pesquisado é o Departamento de Trânsito de São Paulo (Detran-SP), que atualmente está passando por processo de reestruturação, visando mudanças em seu modelo de gestão. Sendo assim, ele se apresenta como um profícuo laboratório para entender e analisar quais são as variáveis mais relevantes para tornar tecnicamente viável o modelo da NAP em nível subnacional. / Public administration in Brazil has a very negative image in society, largely due to a history of inefficiency combined with patrimonial and clientelistic practices. In order to change this type of administration, the school of thought known as New Public Management (NPM) or managerial public administration, as it is commonly known in Brazil proposes new methods and management techniques, many of which are adapted from private business practices. Similarly to other previous Brazilian state reforms, NPM has been restricted to the federal level, rendering it difficult to be observed or studied at subnational (states or municipalities), or even intraorganizational levels. Given this, the aim of this research is to study, through a single case study, the implementation of some of the values and practices of New Public Management in a state-level Brazilian public agency, historically linked to the typical procedures of traditional bureaucracy. The agency studied is the São Paulo Department of Transit (Detran-SP), which is currently undergoing a restructuring process and can be seen as a laboratory to understand and analyze what are the most relevant variables and challenges to make the NPM possible at the Brazilian subnational level.