Nowadays many travelers choose to book their trips via online booking sites instead of visiting physical travel agencies. This has changed the way the physical travel agencies operate their businesses and has forced them to adapt to new strategies in order to stay alive in this new reality of the industry. The comfort of the digitization pushes the world toward internet and online services, which implicitly mean that physical shops has become less important even in tourism industry where potential travelers go to digital platforms to reach out for information as well as to plan and choose their destinations. The aim of our study was to investigate how digitization has affected the way passengers book their package holidays and how it affects physical travel agencies and their businesses. With the help of our method, which consist of interviews and a questionnaire, we were able to collect empirical data for compilation and analyses and thus to draw our final conclusions. / Idag väljer många resenärer att boka sina resor via onlinebokningssidor istället för att besöka fysiska resebyråer. Detta har förändrat resebyråernas sätt att vara som verksamhet och även fått de att tänka ut nya tillvägagångssätt och strategier för att kunna hålla sig aktiva inom den turistiska marknaden. Vi lever i en alltmer digitaliserad värld där det mesta skall göras online, detta har lett till att fysiska verksamheter är mindre märkbara inom sina områden eftersom potentiella resenärer tar sig till digitala plattformar för att både nå ut till information samt för att planera och bestämma sina resmål. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur digitaliseringen har påverkat resenärernas sätt att boka sina paketresor samt hur digitalisering berör fysiska resebyråer och deras verksamheter. Med hjälp av våra två metodval som består av intervjuer och en enkät kunde vi samla vårt empiriska material som sedan sammanställdes och analyserades vilket ledde till våra slutliga slutsatser.

O objetivo desta pesquisa é estabelecer uma comparação entre o modo como três setores distintos relacionados à área de ecoturismo - agências de turismo, entidades ambientalistas e órgãos governamentais - buscam propagar suas idéias, e como isso pode se refletir na forma como denominam suas atividades e nos conceitos com relação a essa área. Para que esse objetivo fosse atingido, foi compilado um corpus comparável em português e inglês com textos autênticos dos três setores mencionados a partir de sites brasileiros e neozelandeses. Os dados foram levantados com o uso de uma ferramenta computacional para análise lingüística, o WordSmith Tools. Este trabalho está embasado em três áreas - Lingüística de Corpus, Terminologia e Turismo - e possibilitou uma reflexão a respeito do processo de extração de termos utilizando-se a Lingüística de Corpus, demonstrando como esse procedimento pode auxiliar a tornar a pesquisa lingüística e a extração de termos mais precisa e confiável, oferecendo contribuições relevantes para o processo tradutório, o ensino de línguas para fins específicos e a produção de glossários e dicionários terminológicos. / The aim of this study is to establish a comparison between the way three distinct areas related to Ecotourism - travel agencies, environmental organizations and the government - try to spread their ideas, which is reflected in the way they name their activities and the concepts they adopt concerning ecotourism. In order to achieve our goals, a comparable Portuguese and English corpus was compiled with authentic texts from Brazilian and Newzeland sites in the three areas mentioned. The data was obtained with the use of a computational tool for linguistics analysis, the WordSmith Tools. This study is grounded in three areas: Corpus Linguistics, Terminology and Tourism and enabled a reflection about the process of term extraction with the help of Corpus Linguistics, showing how this procedure can help making linguistic research and term extraction more precise and reliable, and how, in turn, this can offer useful contributions to the translation process, the teaching of language for specific purposes and the production of glossaries and terminological dictionaries.

The thesis deals with marketing communication of Grandhotel Zvon. The thesis includes theoretical introduction, basic information about Grandhotel Zvon, marketing mix (4P), analysis of current marketing communication and the costs of this communication. The final part presents suggestions and recommendations, especially creating a profile on social networks.

Syftet är att identifiera olika typer av värdeskapande och konkurrensfördelar som kan uppstå i den fysiska resebyrån genom att undersöka och analysera; användandet av informationsteknologin, det fysiska servicelandskapet och erbjudandet för kunden. Relaterat till syftet har vi formulerat en forskningsfråga som blev enligt följande: Hur möjliggör traditionella resebyråer skapandet av olika typer av värde för sina kunder genom sitt fysiska servicelandskap? Vår uppsats är en kvalitativ forskningsmetod, då vi eftersträvat en djup undersökning för vår valda forskningsfråga. Vi har i uppsatsens gång använt oss av både primär- och sekundärkällor. Våra primära källor har bestått av sex intervjupersoner där vi använt oss av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Under uppsatsens analys har vi kunnat urskilja att informationsteknologin, servicelandskapet och erbjudandet har en stor påverkan för den traditionella resebyråns möjligheter att skapa värde och konkurrensfördelar för sina kunder. Under denna process har vi förstått att den personliga servicen och tryggheten spelar en stor roll för kunden. Det har framkommit att de traditionella resebyråerna jobbar väldigt starkt för att behålla interaktionen med sina kunder genom att bland annat skräddarsy olika typer av reseerbjudanden och vara aktiva på internet. / The purpose of this study is to identify various types of value creation and competitive advantages that may occur in the physical travel agency by examining and analyzing; the use of information technology, the physical servicescape and the customer offering. In relation to the purpose we have chosen the following research question: How do traditional travel agencies enable the creation of various types of value for its customers through its physical servicescape? Our study is based on a qualitative research methodology, because we wanted a deep examination of our chosen research question. We have throughout our study used both primary sources and secondary sources. Our primary sources consisted of six interview respondents that have been collected through semi-structured interviews. During the analysis of the study we can distinguish that informationtechnolgy, the servicescape and the offering have a great impact on the traditional travel agencies opportunities to create value and competitive advantages to its customers. During this process we understood that the personal service and security plays a major role for the customer. It has emerged that the traditional travel agencies work very hard to retain the interaction with its customers by for example customize different types of travel offerings and being active online.

O objetivo desta pesquisa é estabelecer uma comparação entre o modo como três setores distintos relacionados à área de ecoturismo - agências de turismo, entidades ambientalistas e órgãos governamentais - buscam propagar suas idéias, e como isso pode se refletir na forma como denominam suas atividades e nos conceitos com relação a essa área. Para que esse objetivo fosse atingido, foi compilado um corpus comparável em português e inglês com textos autênticos dos três setores mencionados a partir de sites brasileiros e neozelandeses. Os dados foram levantados com o uso de uma ferramenta computacional para análise lingüística, o WordSmith Tools. Este trabalho está embasado em três áreas - Lingüística de Corpus, Terminologia e Turismo - e possibilitou uma reflexão a respeito do processo de extração de termos utilizando-se a Lingüística de Corpus, demonstrando como esse procedimento pode auxiliar a tornar a pesquisa lingüística e a extração de termos mais precisa e confiável, oferecendo contribuições relevantes para o processo tradutório, o ensino de línguas para fins específicos e a produção de glossários e dicionários terminológicos. / The aim of this study is to establish a comparison between the way three distinct areas related to Ecotourism - travel agencies, environmental organizations and the government - try to spread their ideas, which is reflected in the way they name their activities and the concepts they adopt concerning ecotourism. In order to achieve our goals, a comparable Portuguese and English corpus was compiled with authentic texts from Brazilian and Newzeland sites in the three areas mentioned. The data was obtained with the use of a computational tool for linguistics analysis, the WordSmith Tools. This study is grounded in three areas: Corpus Linguistics, Terminology and Tourism and enabled a reflection about the process of term extraction with the help of Corpus Linguistics, showing how this procedure can help making linguistic research and term extraction more precise and reliable, and how, in turn, this can offer useful contributions to the translation process, the teaching of language for specific purposes and the production of glossaries and terminological dictionaries.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:30:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo de Souza Bispo.pdf: 13963819 bytes, checksum: 4a31dbccf26b40ed671961b264b93b27 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-16 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The demands on organizations for innovation and change in order to survive in a hyper-competitive environment suggest new ways of thinking "what is" to learn and to know, that seems to go beyond what is available in books, textbooks, classrooms and companies training rooms. We must try to understand how people learn from each other in everyday life,from the social interactions that transcend the formal processes used by organizations. This effort requires looking at organizations as symbolic fields in which people live in constant interaction mediated by language building meaning to their everyday activities (HATCH;YANOW, 2003). According to this perspective it is possible to understand the organization as a place of learning and knowledge generation, permeated by negotiation and continued exchange among its members and artifacts, especially the technological ones, which share the same environment (BRUNI, 2005; BRUNI; GHERARDI; PAROLIN, 2007, SUCHMAN et al., 1999). Valtonen (2009) points out that micro and small tourism enterprises have a range of possibilities to be investigated and epistemological qualities that enable relevant research, unlike what occurs predominantly in the research on the Administration field, where such organizations are seen as displaying a "knowledge vacuum" or being unable to adopt efficient systems of knowledge management. In this sense Valtonen (2009) points out that small companies in the tourism sector contribute to a distinct way of knowledge generation,particularly when the focus is on a more practical knowledge. This research adopted as a guiding question how the process of collective learning of using information and communication technologies, particularly the Internet, while labor practice in a travel agency occurs. The main objective of the research was to understand the process of collective learning of technology use as a practice in travel agencies. In this perspective, Practice-based Studies (PBS) is seen as an option to debate, discuss and understand the collective and nonformal learning processes in organizations (NICOLINI; GHERARDI; YANOW, 2003;GHERARDI, 2001, 2006). To Gherardi (2006) such an understanding allows working with the phenomena in a situated form, whereas the temporality and historicity have significant value to a better understanding of social worlds. Also according to the author, this way of thinking about organizations value what she regards as knowing-in-practice , i.e., that knowledge is situated as a social, human, material, aesthetic, emotional and ethical process.Ethnomethodology was used as an empirical research strategy for conducting this study which was carried out in three travel agencies belonging to the same company during a period of seven months. The main findings concern to how the use of technology as a practice influences the organizing, sales and management processes inside the researched company and the main conclusion is that collective learning is not the extrapolation of learning at the individual level / As demandas sobre as organizações por inovação e mudança para sobrevivência no ambiente hiper-competitivo sugere novas formas de pensar o que é aprender e conhecer que parecem ir além do que está disponível em livros, manuais didáticos, salas de aula e treinamentos nas empresas. É preciso tentar entender como as pessoas aprendem umas com as outras no cotidiano, a partir das interações sociais que transcendem os processos formais utilizados pelas organizações. Este esforço exige pensar as organizações enquanto campos simbólicos nos quais as pessoas convivem em constante interação, mediadas pela linguagem construindo significado e sentido para suas atividades cotidianas (HATCH; YANOW, 2003).Segundo esta ótica é possível entender a organização como um espaço de aprendizagem e geração de conhecimento, permeado de negociação e troca contínua entre seus membros e os artefatos, especialmente os tecnológicos, que compartilham de um mesmo ambiente (BRUNI,2005; BRUNI; GHERARDI; PAROLIN, 2007; SUCHMAN et al., 1999). Valtonen (2009)destaca que as micro e pequenas empresas de turismo possuem uma gama de possibilidades para serem pesquisadas e, para a autora, estas organizações possuem qualidades epistemológicas que possibilitam pesquisas relevantes, ao contrário do que ocorre predominantemente nas pesquisas na área de Administração em que estas organizações são vistas como vácuo de conhecimento ou incapazes na adoção de sistemas eficientes de gestão do conhecimento. Neste sentido Valtonen (2009) aponta que as pequenas empresas do segmento turístico contribuem para uma forma distinta da geração do conhecimento,particularmente, quando o foco está em um conhecimento prático. A presente pesquisa adotou como pergunta norteadora: como ocorre o processo de aprendizagem coletiva do uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação, em especial a Internet, enquanto prática de trabalho em uma agência de viagens? O objetivo principal da pesquisa foi compreender o processo de aprendizagem coletiva do uso da tecnologia como prática em agências de viagens. É nessa perspectiva que os Estudos Baseados em Prática (EBP) apresentam-se como opção para debater, discutir e compreender os processos de aprendizagem coletivos e não formais nas organizações (NICOLINI; GHERARDI; YANOW, 2003; GHERARDI, 2001,2006). Para Gherardi (2006) tal entendimento possibilita trabalhar com os fenômenos de maneira situada, considerando que a temporalidade e a historicidade têm valor significativo para uma melhor compreensão dos mundos sociais. Ainda segundo a autora, esta forma de pensar as organizações valoriza o que ela coloca como knowing-in-practice, ou seja, significa que o conhecimento é situado como um processo social, humano, material, estético, emotivo e ético. A etnometodologia foi utilizada como estratégia de investigação empírica para a condução deste estudo que foi realizado em três agências de viagens de uma mesma empresa durante o período de sete meses. Os principais achados foram no sentido de como o uso da tecnologia como prática influencia os processos de organizing, vendas e gestão da empresa pesquisada e a principal conclusão é que a aprendizagem coletiva não é a extrapolação da aprendizagem no nível individual.

The graduation thesis is focusing on rise of mass tourism in the Federal republic of Germany in the fifties and the sixties of the twentieth century. The introductory part deals with the time of Weimar Republic, when the necessary background of subsequent post-war mass tourism development was set. One of the further crucial subjects of matter is the economic miracle and consumer society, which led among the German citizens up to the broad acceptance of travelling, as a possible way of spending their leisure time. The main part of the thesis concentrates on the mass tourism as cultural and social phenomena. Special attention is finally devoted to the tourist infrastructure in the federal republic in the fifties and the sixties and the way it formed a developed.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 TCC_Wagner_Direito_Negócios_16_set.pdf: 1220699 bytes, checksum: 67fb7c7d2bac432c741a2cea0b1062f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-21 / O presente trabalho tem como objeto a análise jurídica da responsabilidade civil das agências de turismo online na intermediação de serviços de hospedagem. O mundo hoje é predominantemente digital e, para acompanhar essa evolução tecnológica, novos modelos de negócios surgem em uma velocidade nunca vista anteriormente, desafiando constantemente o direito. Nesse ambiente inovador, pretende-se demonstrar, com estudos de legislações esparsas, como a doutrina e os magistrados do Superior Tribunal de Justiça, do Tribunal de Justiça e dos Juizados Especiais Cíveis do estado de São Paulo contemplam o modelo de negócios das agências de turismo com os hóspedes e com as acomodações. Identificou-se, por amostragem não probabilística, que magistrados têm mais de um entendimento acerca da responsabilidade civil, especialmente a partir do ano de 2015, quando se encontram decisões a favor da ilegitimidade passiva das agências online, embora essa posição não seja majoritária. Em meio a tantas inovações em tecnologia, ensejadoras de autêntico progresso social, deparamos com decisões judiciais contraditórias e excessos que não refletem o novo modelo de negócios de reservas de acomodações. / This paper aims at the legal analysis of civil liability of online travel agencies in the intermediation of accommodation services. The world today is predominantly digital and to keep up with this technological evolution new business models emerge at a speed never seen before, constantly challenging the law. In this innovative environment, it is intended to demonstrate, with studies of sparse legislation, how the doctrine and judges from the Superior Court of Justice, the Court of Justice and Special Small Claim Courts of the state of São Paulo contemplate the business model of travel agencies before the guests and the accommodations. It has been identified by non-probabilistic samplings that judges have more than one legal understanding about civil liability, especially from 2015 onwards, when there are decisions in favor of the passive illegitimacy of online agencies, albeit it is not the majority decision. Amidst so many innovations in technology, as it entices social progress, we face contradictory judicial decisions and excesses that do not reflect the new business model of accommodation reservations.

The doctoral thesis is devoted to analyzing the perception of attractiveness of Poland as a tourism space from the perspective of Czech citizens in a broader context of mutual Czech -Polish relations in tourism. The thesis is primarily based on theoretical concepts of geography of tourism and at the same time it also follows other geographical and scientific disciplines. The methodological framework of the thesis benefits from the openness and multi-disciplinary nature of tourism. Part of the thesis was created using traditional methods and techniques applied in geography, among others: questionnaire research among students, structured interviews with employees of travel agencies, semi-structured interviews with representatives of the Polish governmental institutions, and analyses of the Internet and printed sources. Additionally, there were utilized methods and techniques used more frequently in other disciplines, including: Delphi method, SWOT analysis, mystery shopping, analysis of travelogues, Internet sources of information about Poland, and content of textbooks. The empirical part of the thesis serves to realize four main aims. The most important aim of thesis can be considered the identification and evaluation of opinions of selected groups of Czechs on the attractiveness of Poland as a...

The tourism industry in Sweden has expanded in recent years and the increasing industry has meant that customers are in need of a reseller for their trips abroad. Today there are three types of retailers available. These are : Traditional travel agencies , tour operators and online travel agencies. Online Travel agencies are the most modern online option for customers. Their existence has made it easier for the customer and reservation can be made anytime and anywhere. The competition has intensified between the three retailers and the traditional alternatives must find new ways to survive. Through effective marketing and selecting the right channel may be vital to the travel agency's survival. The theories that have been essentiell for this Investigation are: marketing mix, relationship marketing, porter curve, the buying process, the agent's role, word-of-mouth and marketing of services and products company. In this essay, the authors investigated four tour operators and one traditional travel agency and everyone is placed in Stockholm. The authors has choosed to investigate their market businesses and how the customer's requirements have changed since online travel agencies took over a large part of the market. The authors have also decided to conduct interviews with an online travel agency and one travel company that works with marketing for travel agencies. The tour operators in Stockholm mainly use relationship marketing as a primary strategy for maintaining a loyal relationship with the customer. The channels that travel companies utilize is a combination of word-of- mouth, digital media and printed media. All companies could state that the consumer in the current situation is more aware than before and this has led an increased requirement for travel agencies. Travel agents and tour operators must offer something unique or give the client an  xceptional service that they can not recieve in another place. Service in this case may involve travel on customers behalf, visa application, bookings for specific requests and helping to add travel insurance.