Final thesis describes to what extent the current school practice puts attention to personality qualities of headteacher in area of leadership. The topic is based on the experience, knowledge and abilities that use the present headmasters of elementary schools in practice. The aim of the work and selected combined investigation using methods of "shadowing" of structured and unstructured interviews and a questionnaire survey was to describe the extent to which personal qualities headteacher of elementary schools appear in contemporary educational practice in area of leadership. In the theoretical part, the author focused on gathering information from a wide resource that can provide a wider range of these areas (psychology, leadership, self-management, self-esteem, etc.). These were mainly the vocational literature on leadership, human personality and competencies. An important contribution was a personal meeting and interview with Mr. Prof. PhDr. Z. Helusem, DrSc. (interview captured in the theoretical part), which anchored the personal qualities mentioned as one of the prerequisites for a successful life and being a human in personal and professional life. Combined investigation could confirm or refute the tendency to influence personality qualities for managers on performance in education, for...

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Les systèmes électriques embarqués dans l'aéronautique doivent satisfaire à des cahiers des charges de plus en plus exigeants portant sur le poids, les performances et la fiabilité, d'où l'utilisation des Machines Synchrones à Aimants Permanents (MSAP). Vu les contraintes imposées, les prototypes sont parfois assez éloignés d'une MSAP classique. La surveillance en ligne de ces systèmes est alors plus délicate mais représente un enjeu considérable vu l'aspect critique des applications (ailerons d'avion, freinage...) et a pour objectif d'éviter un incident majeur en le détectant puis en basculant sur un système identique redondé. Ce document propose un travail de modélisation de MSAP saine et en présence de défaut inter-spires ayant pour objectif de définir des méthodes de détections de défauts inter-spires en ligne, sans capteurs supplémentaires. Deux approches sont présentées pour modéliser les MSAP en présence de défauts inter-spires et sont comparées à des essais expérimentaux réalisés sur un prototype aéronautique. L'une d'entre elles, reposant sur une approche par Réseaux De Perméances (RDP), permet d'obtenir le meilleur compromis. La partie suivante propose de tester deux approches utilisant un indicateur de défaut basé sur un modèle d'Onduleur-MSAP sain et montre l'intérêt de ce type d'approche comparé à des approches plus classiques. L'ensemble des indicateurs développés est ensuite analysé à l'aide d'un outil utilisant la Reconnaissance de Formes (RDF) / Embedded electric systems in aircraft applications have to satisfy to specifications including weight, performances and reliability leading to the use of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSM). Due to these constraints, prototypes are often different from classical PMSM. Online monitoring of these systems is challenging but is still important regarding safety applications (electro mechanical airfoil, braking?). The main aim is to detect major incidents in order to use redundant systems. This work concerns modeling of PMSM under both healthy and inter-turn fault cases in order to defined online fault detection methods without additional sensors. Two approaches are presented and compared to experimental tests concerning PMSM under inter-turn fault conditions. One of them is based on Permeance Network (PN) modelling. It can be considered to be the best compromise. The next part deals with two fault indicators methods based on healthy models of Inverter and PMSM and shows improvements brought by these approaches compared to classical methods. The whole indicators are analyzed using Pattern Recognition (PR)

A presente dissertação analisa como se configura a Competência Interacional (He; Young, 1998) de aprendizes adultos brasileiros durante um curso de italiano durante conversa espontânea. Os dados foram coletados durante um semestre, com foco em conversas livres, isto é, em interações imprevisíveis, sem duração definida e cujos temas nasciam a partir de algum acontecimento em sala de aula, sem planejamento prévio. A análise dos dados teve dois focos principais: a análise do sistema de turnos e dos reparos, procurando verificar de que forma a construção desses recursos determina aspectos da interação e do desempenho de papeis de professor e de aluno em sala de aula. Os dados foram analisados com base na disciplina, fortemente empírica, da Análise da Conversa; de modo mais específico, foram utilizadas as categorias encontradas por Sacks, Schegloff e Jefferson (1974) e por Schegloff, Jefferson e Sacks (1977), para análise do sistema de turnos e dos reparos, respectivamente. A análise dos dados indicou que os aprendizes utilizaram o sistema de turnos de forma parecida com o da conversa fora da sala de aula, já que na maioria dos casos se auto-selecionam como próximos falantes, o que nos levou a identificar uma postura autônoma e a percepção, por parte dos aprendizes, de um ambiente mais próximo ao genuíno de comunicação. Por outro lado, nota-se que os turnos dos aprendizes têm, quase sempre, menor duração do que os do professor, possivelmente, por causa de uma menor competência linguístico-comunicativa. Os dados evidenciam ainda, que os alunos utilizam pouco, muito menos que o professor, a seleção de um outro falante. Quanto à análise do sistema de reparos, verificaram-se duas tendências principais. Em primeiro lugar, os alunos, frequentemente, pedem para ser corrigidos, mas, ao mesmo tempo, há muitas ocorrências em que eles não esperam que alguém responda a esses pedidos e continuam a conversa. Em segundo lugar, o professor, na maioria dos casos, não corrige os desvios linguísticos dos alunos e, quando o faz, não parece existir uma lógica que guie essas ações. Se olharmos com mais atenção para os dados analisados, configura-se uma situação complexa, em que os alunos, por exemplo, corrigem outros alunos, ou em que eles interrompem o professor. Em conclusão, a detalhada análise das interações evidencia que, em vários momentos, os papeis de professor e alunos estão bem marcados, mas estão longe de ser os papeis tradicionais em que o professor é quem avaliava e distribui os turnos, e os alunos estão em posição mais passiva. Isso nos permite afirmar que a conversa é uma atividade de sala de aula em que os participantes têm liberdade de ação e na qual os recursos interacionais são aspectos essenciais não apenas na configuração da interação, como também na construção da competência interacional dos aprendizes e na compreensão do processo de ensino-aprendizagem de línguas em sala de aula. / This study analyzes the nature of Interactional Competence (He; Young, 1998) of adult Brazilian learners, attending a Italian language course, during spontaneous conversation. The data, collected during a semester, focused on unplanned conversations, which had no defined duration and whose topics emerged from anything occurring in the classroom. The analysis of the data consists of two main foci: speaker selection and repairs. They were analyzed in order to verify how their construction could determine aspects of interaction and how it influences the roles that the professor and the learners play in the classroom. The data were analyzed based on the, strictly empirical, discipline of Conversation Analysis; in particular, were used the categories found by Sacks, Schegloff e Jefferson (1974), and Schegloff, Jefferson e Sacks (1977), for speaker selection and repair, respectively. The analysis of the data revealed that the learners use speaker selection in a way that similar to that outside classroom, that is to say, they mainly selected themselves in order to take the floor. This learners skill is viewed as evidence of autonomous stance; furthermore, it indicates that they perceive the classroom as characterized by genuine communication. On the other hand, it can be noticed that learners turns are mainly shorter than professors, probably due to their lesser linguistic-communicative competence. In addition, the data show that the learners select the other participants fewer times than the teacher. Examination of the system of repairs revealed two main trends. Firstly, in spite of the fact that the learners frequently ask for a linguistic repair, they frequently do not wait for somebody to realize that repair and keep on speaking. Secondly, the teacher, in most of the cases, does not repair the learners linguistic problems and when it occurs, the fact does not seem to be supported by any underlying logic. At a closer look, the data show a complex situation in which the learners use the other-repair resource or interrupt the teacher. Finally, the detailed conversation analysis shows that even though many times the roles teacher and learners play are well defined, they are not even close to the traditional ones in which the teacher used to evaluate and distribute the turns, and the learners had a passive attitude. The analysis serve as evidence to affirm that conversation is a classroom activity in which students can perform freely and in which the interactional resources are aspects essential, not only to better understand and categorize the interaction, but also to the construction of the learners interactional competence and for the understanding of the foreign language classroom teaching process.

La mise en place d’un nouveau canal d’alimentation électrique incorporant un générateur à aimants permanents PMG (Permanent Magnet Generator) en remplacement de l’actuel canal de génération hydraulique est l’un des sujets de recherche en cours dans le secteur aéronautique. Le choix de cette solution est motivé par de nombreux avantages : réduction de masse, meilleure disponibilité du réseau hydraulique et maintenance plus aisée. Cependant, l’utilisation d’un PMG en tant que générateur électrique au sein d’un avion implique de nouvelles problématiques, notamment en ce qui concerne la sûreté de fonctionnement lors de défaillances internes au PMG. En effet, tant que le rotor est en rotation, la présence d’une excitation permanente due aux aimants entretient la présence du défaut même si le stator n’est plus alimenté, ce qui complexifie la mise en sécurité du PMG. Il est ainsi nécessaire de connaître précisément l’état de santé du PMG afin d’assurer une bonne continuité de service en évitant d’ordonner la mise en sécurité du PMG sur des défaillances externes au générateur. C’est pourquoi les travaux de cette thèse portent sur la détection des courts-circuits inter-spires dans les PMG, ces défauts ayant été identifiés comme les plus critiques pour ce type de machine. Compte tenu du contexte aéronautique, il a été choisi de travailler sur les méthodes de détection basées sur l’estimation de paramètres via un modèle mathématique de la machine en utilisant le Filtre de Kalman Etendu (FKE). En effet, s’il est correctement paramétré, le FKE permet d’obtenir une bonne dynamique de détection et s’avère être très robuste aux variations du réseau électrique (vitesse, déséquilibre, …), critère important pour garantir un canal de génération fiable. Deux types de modèle mathématique sont présentés pour la construction d’un indicateur de défaut utilisant les estimations fournies par le FKE. Le premier est basé sur une représentation saine du PMG où l’indicateur de défaut est construit à partir de l’estimation de certains paramètres de la machine (résistance, inductance, constante de fem ou pulsation électrique). Le second modèle utilise une formulation d’un PMG défaillant qui permet d’estimer le pourcentage de spires en court-circuit. Après avoir comparé et validé expérimentalement le comportement des différents indicateurs sur un banc de test à puissance réduite, la mise en place d’un indicateur de court-circuit inter-spires au sein d’un réseau électrique aéronautique et son interaction avec les protections existantes sur avion sont étudiées dans la dernière partie de ce mémoire. / The establishment of an electrical power supply channel including a Permanent Magnet Generator (PMG) to replace an hydraulic power channel is one of the current topics of research in the aeronautic field. This choice is motivated by several benefits : weight reduction, improvement of the hydraulic network avaibility and easier maintenance. However, the use of PMG as an electrical generator in an aircraft implies new issues, particularly as regards safety considerations when an internal fault occurs in the PMG. Indeed, as long as the rotor in rotating, the presence of the persistent excitation due to the magnets maintains the internal fault even if the stator is de-energized. This makes the safety procedure of PMG more complex. Therefore, it is necessary to precisely know the behavior of the PMG (healthy or faulty) to ensure the avaibility of this power supply channel in order to avoid triggering PMG safety procedure when an external fault occurs. Thus, this work deals with the on-line detection of inter-turn short-circuits in PMG, these faults have been identified as the most critical for this kind of machine Given the aeronautic context, it has been decided to work on detection methods based on parameter estimation via a mathematical model of the machine using the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). Indeed, with an appropriate setting, the EKF provides a fast dynamic detection and can be very robust to variations in the electrical network (speed, unbalanced, ...) which is an important characteristic to ensure a reliable generation channel. Two types of mathematical model are presented for fault indicator construction using the estimations provided by the EKF. The first one is based on an healthy representation of the PMG where the fault indicator is built from the estimation of PMG electrical parameters (resistance, inductance, electromotive force constant or electrical rotational velocity). The second model uses a faulty PMG formulation to estimate the ratio of short-circuited turns. After the comparison and the experimental validation of the fault indicators behavior on a test bench at reduced power, the establishment of a inter-turn short-circuit indicator within an aircraft electrical system and its interaction with existing protections are studied in the last part of this thesis.

The thesis examines the evolving realtions of the aesthetic and conceptual aspects in exhibition-making after the 'conceptual turn' that took place in the late-1960s and instigated key transformations in the aesthetic condition of art and contemporary curatorial practice. Drawing on a broadly construed and variously manifested conceptualism pervading the growing field of curating since 1990s, the thesis focuses on investigating the relation between the aestheti and conceptual dimensions of three exhibitions that have had a significant impact on the postconceptual development of curating. In doing so, it aims to construct an alternative genealogy that reaffirms the significance of the aesthetic element, and so to reconstruct curatorial practice from the perspective of an Aesthetics of Curating. This trajectory unfolds a non-unitary Curatorial Aesthetics that emerges and develops together with the conceptual shift offering a revisionist perspective to dominant practices and discourses today that tend to devalue or repress aesthetic modes of production. The driving force of the thesis is neither to affirm aestheticism nor simply reversing the received positions. Instead, the investigation of aesthetics - as the poetics of an exhibition and a philosophical understanding of the experience offered - provides a reading that contests the emphasis placed upon conceptualism in order to revise those relations and established assumptions, and enable us to understand contemporary aspects of curating that have been downgraded. The thesis focuses on three case-studies, which mark important shifts in the conceptual development of curating from 1969 to 2007: When Attitudes Become Form: Works-Processes-Concepts-Situations-Information (Live in Your Head), curated by Harald Szeemann. Kunsthalle Bern (1969); Les Immateriaux, co-curated by Jean-Francois Lotard and Thierry Chaput, Centre George Pompidou, Paris (1985); Documenta 12, under the artistic directorship of Roger Buergel and chief curatorship of Ruth Noack, Kassel (2007). By exploring the different ways in which these exhibitions accommodate, engage with, and define aesthetic experience in relation to their conceptual modes, the study provides an alternative account of Curatorial Aesthetics that attains its transformative potential and political efficacy in the present through the invention of new sensations that incite new modes of thinking and acting.

The recent interests in the necessity of high maneuverability and vertical launching triggered namely the unconventional control design techniques that are effective at high angle of attack flight regimes. For most of missile configurations, this interest required thrust vector control together with conventional aerodynamic control. In this study, nonlinear modeling and dynamical analysis of a surface to air missile with both aerodynamic and thrust vector control is investigated. Aerodynamic force and moment modeling of the presented missile includes the challenging high angle of attack aerodynamics behavior and the so called hybrid control, which utilizes both tail fins and jet vanes as control surfaces. Thrust vector and aerodynamic control effectiveness is examined during flight envelope. Different autopilot designs are accomplished with hybrid control. Midcourse and terminal guidance algorithms are implemented and performed on target sets including maneuverable targets. A different initial turnover strategy is suggested and compared with standard skid-to-turn maneuver. Comparisons of initial roll with aerodynamic and thrust vector control are examined. Afterwards, some critical maneuvers and hybrid control ratio is studied with a real coded genetic algorithm. Rapid turnover for low altitude targets, intercept maneuver analysis with hybrid control ratio and lastly, engagement initiation maneuver optimization is fulfilled.

第23回名古屋大学年代測定総合研究センターシンポジウム平成22(2010)年度報告

Radio frequency oscillations up to several hundreds of MHz were observed during turn-off the high-current conducting IGBTs. They are described in this work as Transient Avalanche oscillations. Other than PETT oscillations that happen in the tail current phase, this oscillation appears during the rise of collector-emitter voltage VCE and during the fall of the collectoremitter current ICE. The turn-off process of IGBTs are investigated with the help of measurements, the circuit- and device-simulations to reveal the working mechanisms of transient high-frequency oscillations. For the first time the Transient Avalanche Oscillation is successfully reproduced with computer simulation, which allows the further investigation on the influences of individual parameters. The participation of IMPATT mechanism in Transient Avalanche oscillation is demonstrated. The interaction between IMPATT mechanism und PETT mechanism during the setting up of depletion region in IGBTs was investigated. Measures to suppress such oscillation are discussed on the levels of chip design, module design and the driver concept. Supplying electron current during critical phase is found to be an effctive method to avoid the dynamic avalanche and the TA-oscillation. / Radio Frequenz Oszillationen bis zu mehreren hundert MHz wurden während des Abschaltens von Hochstrom leitenden IGBTs beobachtet. Sie werden in dieser Arbeit als Transient Avalanche Oscillationen beschrieben. Anders als PETT Oszillationen, die in der Tail-Strom Phase vorkommen, erscheint diese Oszillation während des Anstiegs der Kollektor-Emitter-Spannung VCE und des Fallens des Kollektor-Emitter Stroms ICE. In dieser Arbeit werden die Abschaltvorgänge von IGBTs mit Hilfe von Messungen, Schaltungs- bzw. Device-Simulationen untersucht, um die Wirkungsmechanismen der transient erscheinenden hochfrequenten Oszillationen zu erklären. Es ist erstmals gelungen solche Transient Avalanche Oszillationen mit der Simulation zu reproduzieren und anschließend die Einflüsse einzelner Parameter zu untersuchen. Die Beteiligung des IMPATT Mechanismus an der Transient Avalanche Oszillation wurde nachgewiesen. Die Interaktion von IMPATT und PETT während Aufbau der Raumladungszone im IGBT wurde untersucht. Maßnahmen zur Unterdrückung der Oszillation werden auf den Ebenen von Chip-Design, Modulauslegung und der Treiberschaltung diskutiert. Das Zuführen des Elektrostromes während der kritischen Phase wird als ein effective Methode zur Vermeidung der TA-Oscillation nachgewiesen.

The years around 1970 saw the emergence of an artistic fascination with maps and mapping. In the present thesis this fascination is conceptualised as a mapping impulse, acknowledging how the discourses of art and mapping, respectively, intertwine and merge. The aim of the study is to analyse this mapping impulse and to identify recurring themes and concepts in artworks and texts on art where maps and mapping processes are used as a visual expression and method.  In order to demonstrate how the scope of the thesis is shaped by later interpretations of art from around 1970, three exhibition publications from three decades are examined to illustrate how boundaries between the discourses of art and of mapping are renegotiated from the late 1960s up until the 2010s. The representing line of the map is analysed via the concepts of diagrams, maps, and models, such as the re-appearance of Claude Shannon’s and Warren Weaver’s Communication Model in the Swedish late 1960s, Öyvind Fahlström’s World Map (1972), and Sten Eklund’s paintings on glass from 1968 where he transfers ideas from Wittgenstein’s Tractatus into visual representations. The procedural aspects of encounters between the discourses of art and of mapping from around 1970 are analysed in Hans Haacke’s Gallery-Goers’ Birthplace and Residence Profile Pt. 1 and Sten Eklund’s Kullahusets hemlighet (The Secret of Kullahuset). The latter work is interpreted in the light of the role of the mapping, surveying individual, and in a figurative sense, the individual in the system. Here, the concept of alienation is used, as the work delineates the mapping subject who itself is being subject to mapping.  In this thesis the mapping impulse is identified as a way to deal with territory and truth in Western art around 1970. The map as a sign system and a practice is representative of a recent stage where art in various ways deal with a world undergoing rapid change. The mapping impulse circa 1970 can be identified as a visual regime of cartographic reason, characterized by legibility, clarity and lucidity. This also suggests alternative interpretations of the impact of the linguistic turn in the art of the 1960s and early 1970s, revealing a more ambiguous relationship between text and image.