Video meetings are a regular part of work at Swedish television’s editorial for programming in Swedish Sign Language (SVT Teckenspråk). In the process of creating television programming in Swedish Sign Language, SVT employees communicate with and through technologies. This ethnographic exploration of video meetings at SVT Teckenspråk presents how deafness is reconfigured between hearing, interpreters, and video meeting technology within the context of a public service organisation. Concepts such as technology, meetings, organisations, and visuality are re-formulated from within the context of SVT Teckenspråk and interpreted using feminist and queer theory frameworks. These re-examined concepts are embedded in the history of SVT Teckenspråk and presented as part of the everyday way of holding video meetings. Technologies and people become intertwined and co-constitutive as moments of video meetings are subsequently understood not as human-technology ‘interactions’ but as intra-actions. Using empirical examples of video meetings collected during fieldwork, this thesis evinces how the materialities of video meeting technology relate to the ways in which deafness is or is not enacted, embodied, and co-constituted. Deafness is accordingly framed not as disability, but as a way of being - one that is founded on a different language, culture, and way of seeing. This emically-derived notion of being deaf impacts understandings and acts of video meetings at SVT Teckenspråk. Yet it is through people’s material intra-actions with technologies that notions of deafness emerge which run counter to ways of being deaf which SVT Teckenspråk employees’ (hearing and deaf alike) work hard to establish. Once technologies and the meanings co-created through people’s intra-actions with them are made visible, these same technologies disable rather than enable; making difference rather than making a difference. / Videomöten är en del av vardagsarbetet på SVT Teckenspråk där anställda kommunicerar via och med hjälp av teknologier i skapandet av television på teckenspråk. Denna etnografiska utforskning omkring videomöten på SVT Teckenspråk presenterar hur dövhet omkonfigureras i en sammanvävning mellan hörande, tolkar, samt videomötesteknik inom en public service organisation. Begrepp som teknologi, möten, organisationer, samt visualitet omformuleras med SVT Teckenspråk som sammanhang och tolkas sedan med hjälp av feministiska och queer teoretiska ramverk. Dessa begrepp analyseras ur ett historiskt perspektiv inom SVT Teckenspråk samt omanalyseras som en vardaglig del av videomöten. Teknologi och människa sammanvävs och omformar varandra i videomöteshändelser vilka därefter uppfattas som intra-aktioner snarare än människa-dator interaktioner. Genom empiriska uppslag på videomöten uppsamlade under fältarbete påvisar denna avhandling hur videomötesteknik och dess materialitet relaterar till de sätt som dövhet kan utövas, uttryckas, samt uppformas. Dövhet uppfattas som ett sätt att vara istället för som ett funktionshinder. Ett sätt som bygger på ett unikt språk, kultur, samt världssyn. Detta är SVT Teckenspråk anställdas sätt att förstå och vara i världen och kallas för ‘emic’. Utifrån ett emic perspektiv uppstår ett annat synsätt på dövhet och en ny förståelse av videomöten på SVT Teckenspråk. Trots detta uppstår genom materiella intra-aktioner med videomötesteknik uppfattningar omkring dövhet som strävar mot den syn som SVTs anställda (döva såsom hörande) medvetet etablerat. Istället för att införa jämställdhet och tillgänglighet framställer intra-aktioner med videomötesteknik olikheter mellan döva och hörande. De skapar skillnad istället för att göra skillnad. / <p>QC 20161209</p> / Drivers and Barriers for Mediated Meetings / Disabling Technology? Access and Inclusion in the Deaf/Hearing Workplace

Bakgrund: Under Covid-19-pandemin använde skolsköterskor på gymnasiet videosamtal för att kommunicera med sina elever. Enligt kompetensbeskrivningen ska skolsköterskan kunna ta ny teknik i anspråk och använda informations- och kommunikationsteknik för att kommunicera. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva skolsköterskors upplevelser av videosamtal med gymnasieelever under Covid19-pandemin. Metod: En kvalitativ metod med induktiv ansats användes. Data samlades in genom en webbenkät med öppna frågor. Fritextsvar från totalt 24 respondenter analyserades genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i två huvudkategorier: Videosamtal inverkar på kommunikationen mellan skolsköterska och elev; samt Olika praktiska aspekter av att erbjuda eleven videosamtal. I de två huvudkategorier framkom sex underkategorier. Konklusion: Videosamtal ökar tillgängligheten till elevhälsan och medverkar till att skolsköterskankan arbeta mer flexibelt. Elever som av olika anledningar inte kan vara i skolan kan speciellt främjas av videosamtal som mötesform. / Background: During the Covid-19 pandemic school nurses in high school used video calls to communicate with their students. According to the skills description, the school nurse must be able to use modern technology, information, and communication technology to communicate. Aim: The aim of the study was to describe school nurses' experiences of video calls with high school students during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: The study uses a qualitative method with an inductive approach. Data were collected through an online survey with open-ended questions. Free text responses from a total of 24 respondents were analysed through qualitative content analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in two main categories: Video calls affect communication between school nurse and student; Several practical aspects of offering the student video calls. In the two main categories, six subcategories emerged. Conclusion: Video calls increase accessibility to student health and contribute to the school nurse being able to work more flexibly. Students who cannot attend school for various reasons can particularly benefit from video calls.

BAKGRUND: Världens ökande befolkning i kombination med vårdens tillgänglighetsbrist skapar behov av omstrukturering av vårdens resurser. Vårdens digitalisering kan erbjuda patienter större egenkontroll, bättre tillgänglighet samt större valfrihet. Att använda sig av videomöten som komplement till fysiska besök inom primärvården är en del av digitaliseringen. Distriktssköterskan har med sin kompetens en huvudroll gällande implementering och förbättringsarbete av vårdens digitalisering. Distriktssköterskans erfarenheter av videomöten i primärvården är dåligt undersökt. SYFTE: Syftet var att beskriva distriktssköterskors erfarenheter av videomöten i primärvården. METOD: Kvalitativ intervjustudie med induktiv design. Semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes vilka analyserades med manifest innehållsanalys. RESULTAT: Studien resulterade i tre kategorier: Bidrar till bättre vårdkvalitet, Behov av implementering och Möjliga brister. Videomöten upplevdes som mindre tidskrävande än fysiska besök samt de kunde bidra till en ökad tillgänglighet. Det fanns ambivalens kring användandet av videomöten och resursbristen i vården bidrog till att det var svårt att få tid att lära in nya arbetssätt. Det framkom förhoppningar om att videomöten ska kunna underlätta vårdarbetet och ge patienterna ökade valmöjligheter. Trots en generellt positiv inställning till videomöten upplevdes det inte passa alla. Teknikproblem och risken för utanförskap sågs som möjliga brister. SLUTSATS: Videomöten skapar förutsättningar för att göra vården mer effektiv och personcentrerad. Ett digitalt utanförskap har dock identifierats, likaså att videomöten inte används av distriktsköterskorna i den grad som varit möjligt. Tydligare riktlinjer samt utbildning krävs för vidare utveckling. / BACKGROUND: The world's increasing population combined with the lack of access to care creates a need for restructuring of care resources. The digitization of care can offer patients greater self-control, better accessibility and greater freedom of choice. The district nurse, with her skills, has a main role in the implementation and improvement of the digitization of care. The district nurse's experiences of video meetings in primary care are poorly researched. AIM: The aim was to describe district nurses' experiences of video meetings in primary care. METHOD: Qualitative interview study with inductive design. Semi structured interviews, analyzed by manifest content analysis. RESULTS: The study resulted in three categories: Contributes to better quality of care, Need for implementation and Possible shortcomings. Video meetings were perceived as less time-consuming than physical visits and they could contribute to increased accessibility. There was ambivalence about the use of video meetings and the lack of resources in healthcare contributed to the fact that it was difficult to find time to learn new ways of working. The participants hoped that video meetings would facilitate care work and give patients greater freedom of choice. Technology problems and the risk of exclusion were seen as possible shortcomings. CONCLUSION: Video meetings create the conditions for making care more efficient and person-centred. However, a digital exclusion has been identified, as well as the fact that video meetings are not used by the district nurses to the extent that was possible. Clearer guidelines and training are required for further development.

Many companies implemented remote work procedures during the pandemic and for many organizations video meetings have since remained a staple. Remote working has enabled employees to be more flexible with their schedules and technical solutions such as live captioning has been identified as potentially enabling deaf/hard-of-hearing employees during meetings. However with new procedures comes concern about how we potentially can be affected by the changes. Some earlier research has shown that speech intelligibility can be improved by the inclusion of text support, but they also raised the possibility that it could have unwanted adverse effects on cognitive abilities (Zhong, Noud et al., 2022). This study was conducted with this focus, studying the effects of text support on specifically listening effort and comprehension during normal as well as adverse conditions (featuring added noise). To investigate the effects of text support a 2 (Noise, No Noise) x 2 (Text Support, No Text Support) design was used. The participants were shown 16 short videos simulating video meetings and after each video were asked to rate their perceived listening effort as well as a comprehension question about the contents of the discussion. Each of the four conditions were equally represented but the order of the specific video files and conditions that applied were randomised for each participant to mitigate undue effects. The results of the study indicate that the presence of captions decrease effort and raise comprehension in both normal and adverse conditions. Noise was found to strongly effect the listening effort required by participants but no significant effect was found upon comprehension. Some concerns regarding the ecological validity were identified during the course of the study such as only studying energetic noise and unrealistic presentation of captions. However the results are nonetheless believed to be generalizable in most regards and showcase that captions can have a positive influence during video meetings.

No description available.