Submitted by Thiago Bronzeado de Andrade (thiago@ch.uepb.edu.br) on 2018-05-23T12:39:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Adjaní Porcino dos Santos.pdf: 34581251 bytes, checksum: 48c815086ad534f3299dfbf77d0c40ff (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Milena Araújo (milaborges@ch.uepb.edu.br) on 2018-06-05T17:42:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Adjaní Porcino dos Santos.pdf: 34581251 bytes, checksum: 48c815086ad534f3299dfbf77d0c40ff (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-05T17:42:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PDF - Adjaní Porcino dos Santos.pdf: 34581251 bytes, checksum: 48c815086ad534f3299dfbf77d0c40ff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-20 / CAPES / This study has the aim of investigating the possibility of teaching students the act of argumentation in the writing skill of the Portuguese language up from the teaching/knowledge process of the argumentative genre known as movie critical review, in a class of 9th degree of a Public Elementary School. The adopted methodological procedure was the application of a Didactic Sequence (DS) of the referred genre, elaborated under Dolz, Noverraz e Scheneuwly’s approach (2004), who propose an initial production that serves as reference to guide the teacher´s interventions, according to the students’ necessities, detected in the writing of initial texts. In such DS the learners’ activities are planned and grouped in modules that end up with the re-doing of the texts in the final version. This choice is justified by its rendering of the visualization of the writing process since the very moment of the teacher’s intervention until its end, besides allowing him/her to observe how the teaching of the constitutive elements of a gender and of its production conditions give to the apprentice a better linguistic discursive performance in the written skill. Studies in the fields of textual linguistics and textual genres have shown relevant contributions for the understanding of the language as a psycho-social phenomenon attached to human practices and activities which result from the interaction among subjects aiming at the same specific purposes, within social and historically situated contexts. The present research circumscribes itself under this perspective, and its outputs attest the possibility of teaching argumentative genres in Elementary School, according to the analysis of the students’ textual productions, which demonstrate their advancement in the act of argumentation and how it favors their textual progression. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a viabilidade do ensino sobre o ato de argumentar na modalidade escrita da língua a partir do ensino-aprendizado do gênero argumentativo resenha crítica de filme em uma turma do 9º ano do Ensino Fundamental. O procedimento metodológico adotado foi a aplicação de uma Sequência Didática (SD) do gênero em foco, elaborada sob a perspectiva de Dolz, Noverraz e Scheneuwly (2004), os quais propõem uma produção inicial que serve como referência para guiar as intervenções do professor de acordo com as necessidades dos alunos apresentadas nos textos iniciais. Na SD as atividades são planejadas e agrupadas em módulos que culminam na refacção dos textos ou na versão final. A escolha por esse procedimento justifica-se por ele propiciar o vislumbre do processo de escrita desde o momento inicial da intervenção do professor até o seu final e também por permitir observar como o ensino dos elementos constitutivos de um gênero e de suas condições de produção conferem ao sujeito aprendiz um melhor desempenho linguístico-discursivo na modalidade escrita. Os estudos realizados no campo da Linguística Textual e dos gêneros textuais têm apresentado relevantes contribuições para o entendimento da língua como um fenômeno psicossocial atrelado às práticas ou atividades humanas, resultante da interação entre sujeitos movidos por propósitos específicos em contextos situados social e historicamente. A presente pesquisa circunscreve-se nessa perspectiva, e seus resultados confirmam a possibilidade de ensinar os gêneros argumentativos no Ensino Fundamental conforme análise das produções textuais dos alunos, as quais demonstram o avanço no ato argumentativo e de como este favorece a progressão textual.

Considerando que a biodiversidade está presente em diferentes setores da sociedade, discutir seu conceito, conservação, valoração e uso sustentável, não é uma tarefa simples. Todavia, é necessária, pois os temas relacionados ao meio ambiente são de importância para todas as pessoas, extrapolando os interesses da comunidade científica. Desta forma a educação para a biodiversidade adquire grande relevância, pois implica discutir aspectos sociais, políticos, éticos e estéticos da vida dos cidadãos. Várias pesquisas na área do ensino de ciências têm se preocupado com estas questões. Contudo, são poucos os estudos que investigam como o conceito de biodiversidade é ensinado, problematizado e compreendido por meio de sequências didáticas investigativas aplicadas a espaços formais e não formais de ensino, conjuntamente. Estão ausentes os estudos que investigam os indicadores de alfabetização científica em meio a esta temática, contemplando atividades de ensino diferentes em uma mesma sequência didática. Assim, o presente trabalho visa elucidar alguns destes aspectos tendo por objetivo compreender como ocorre o processo de alfabetização científica acerca do conceito de biodiversidade em uma sequência didática investigativa. Para isso foram analisadas três atividades de ensino de uma sequência didática investigativa que abordou o ensino do conceito de biodiversidade. Tais atividades de ensino envolveram o trabalho de campo, o júri simulado e a produção escrita. Os sujeitos pesquisados foram alunos do sexto ano do ensino fundamental, estudantes de uma escola pública localizada no interior do Estado de São Paulo. Videogravações do trabalho de campo e do júri simulado foram transcritas, assim como as redações elaboradas pelos alunos durante a atividade de produção escrita. Por meio das análises deste material, alguns sub indicadores e indicadores de alfabetização científica foram identificados dando indícios sobre como cada atividade de ensino contribuiu com a alfabetização científica dos alunos. Nas redações também foram encontrados valores atribuídos à biodiversidade. A sequência didática investigativa verificada desenvolveu um trabalho com os alunos envolvendo três âmbitos: procedimental, conceitual e axiológico. / Based on the fact that the biodiversity is present in different sectors of society, the discussion of its concept, conservation, valuation and sustainable use is not a simple task. However, it is necessary because the topics related to the environment are of importance to all people, not only of the scientific community. Thus, the education for biodiversity acquires great importance, since it implies in discussing social, political, ethical and aesthetic values of citizens life. Several researches in science education area have been concerned about these issues. However, only few ones are applied along with formal and non-formal teaching spaces, in order to investigate how the concept of biodiversity is taught, understood and questioned. Moreover, studies investigating the scientific literacy indicators in the midst of this theme, covering different educational activities in the same instructional sequence are missing. In this context, the present work uses an investigative didactic sequence to elucidate some of these aspects by understanding how is the scientific literacy process of the biodiversity concept. Three teaching activities of an investigative didactic sequence were taken into account to address the teaching biodiversity concept, respectively, the fieldwork, the simulated jury and the written production. Students of the sixth grade of an elementary school from a public school located in the State of São Paulo were evaluated along this work. Video recordings of the fieldwork and the simulated jury were transcribed, as well the newsrooms prepared by the students during the written production activity. Through the analysis of this material, some sub and scientific literacy indicators were identified giving clues about how each educational activity contributed to the scientific literacy of the students. During the analysis of the newsrooms, values regarding the biodiversity were found. The investigative didactic sequence production developed a work with students involving three areas: procedural, conceptual and axiological.

Orientador: Sergio Ferreira do Amaral / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T08:40:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Turrini_CristianeDegrecci_M.pdf: 2791051 bytes, checksum: a7487a7e11c189fef2028b2d011b6c96 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa discute a produção de vídeo digital na sala de aula enfocando a criação de roteiro pelos estudantes, em trabalho desenvolvido com auxílio da professora. A pesquisa está baseada no processo de escrita dos estudantes, na apropriação dos conhecimentos sobre os gêneros e num maior domínio sobre linguagem, seguindo as propostas dos PCN de Língua Portuguesa. Trata-se de um Estudo de caso com uma abordagem qualitativa de análise de dados, ambientado em uma escola municipal de Campinas, em salas de terceiras e quartas séries. O trabalho se desenvolveu em duas fases. A primeira é o início do projeto, momento em que se explora questões relativas ao ensino de Língua Portuguesa, levantando bibliografia sobre o trabalho com gêneros, sobre os PCN e roteiro, resultando na construção de uma tabela, composta por diretrizes dos PCN, que são usados na análise dos roteiros. A segunda fase relata a maneira como os gêneros são explorados no projeto desenvolvido pela classe e como a produção escrita é conduzida, resultando nos roteiros. Apresenta também o detalhamento das diretrizes e a análise propriamente dita da tabela. / Abstract: This research discusses the digital video production in the classroom, the focus is on the students script creation with the teacher's aid.The research is based on the students writing process, the appropriation of knowledge about the genders and a greater mastery of language, following the proposals of the Portuguese Language Curriculum - PCN. This is a case study with a qualitative approach to data analysis, set in a municipal school in Campinas, in classrooms of third and fourth grades. The work was developed in two times. The first is the project beginning, at which explores issues relating to the teaching of Portuguese language, literature on working with gender, on the PCN and the script, resulting in a data table, comprising the PCN guidelines, which are used in the analysis of the roadmaps. The second time relates to how the genres are explored in the project in the class and how written production is conducted, resulting in the roadmaps. It also presents the details of the guidelines and actual examination in data table. / Mestrado / Ciencias Sociais na Educação / Mestre em Educação

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:49:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Evanilson CAPA DA DEFESA.pdf: 152987 bytes, checksum: acc0c012c3f887b68fbbf9abb7c0fceb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-25 / This study has examined the use of connectors in texts of high school students of a public school in the city of Manaus. The analysis was based on thirty compositions collected in classes from first to third grades. The texts were chosen according to the gender of the student and the order in which they were handed, in order to observe the use that students make of interphrasal connectors. The hypothesis is that the use of connectors is related to three linguistic factors: i) the degree of dependency and embedding of sentences; ii) the grammaticalization process of interphrasal connection elements; iii) the use of the lexicogrammatical elements that mark the dissertative-argumentative text. The concept of text and, more specifically, the notion of text genre were discussed, once every textual practice takes place from some genre. This study has approached the characteristics of the dissertative-argumentative genre, which is commonly found in the school essay writing practices of the students who have a relative knowledge of that text genre. Besides, the notion of textual connection was also taken into consideration, following the principles of: Textual Linguistics, which classifies the connection elements into logical-semantic operators and argumentative operators, according to Beaugrande, Koch, Favero and Marcuschi; and also the principles of Functionalist Grammar, especially the ones proposed by Hooper & Traugott, Givón, Neves, and Castilho, who work with the notion that the connecting elements are in a continuum that goes from subordination to hypotaxis until it reaches the parataxis, in accordance with the degree of dependence and clausal embedding. Moreover, the concepts of grammaticalization and discoursivization were of fundamental importance to explain the functioning, use, change and significance of certain connectors investigated in this study. / Este trabalho analisou o uso dos conectores em textos de alunos de Ensino Médio de uma escola pública da cidade de Manaus. A análise foi feita com base em trinta redações coletadas em sala de aula nas turmas do primeiro ao terceiro ano. A escolha dos textos foi feita levando-se em consideração apenas o gênero dos alunos e a ordem de entrega do material escrito, pois a intenção era observar o uso que os alunos fazem dos conectores interoracionais. Verificou-se uma baixa frequência no uso dos elementos de conexão textual por parte dos alunos. A hipótese formulada é que o emprego dos conectores está ligado a três fatores de ordem linguística: i) o grau de dependência e encaixamento das sentenças; ii) o processo de gramaticalização dos elementos de conexão interoracional; iii) o emprego dos elementos léxico-gramaticais que marcam o gênero textual dissertativo-argumentativo. Discutiu-se o conceito de texto e, mais especificamente, a noção de gênero textual, uma vez que toda prática textual se dá a partir de algum gênero. Foram abordadas, as características do gênero dissertativo-argumentativo, gênero comumente encontrado nas práticas de redações escolares junto aos alunos, que deles possuem um relativo conhecimento . Também foi a abordada a noção de conexão textual de acordo com as visões da Linguística Textual (que classifica os elementos de conexão em operadores lógico-semânticos e operadores argumentativos), conforme Beaugrande, Koch, Fávero, Marcuschi e a Gramática Funcionalista, especialmente as propostas de Hooper & Traugott, Givón, Neves, e Castilho (que trabalham com a noção de que os elementos de conexão se encontram em um continuum que vai da subordinação, passa pela hipotaxe e chega até a parataxe, conforme o grau de dependência e encaixamento oracional). Além disso, foi de fundamental importância o conceito de gramaticalização e discursivização para explicar o funcionamento, o emprego, a mudança e o significado de determinados conectores investigados no escopo deste trabalho.

Cette thèse porte sur les processus cognitifs engagés lors de la production d’un texte par des adolescents de différents âges, plus particulièrement lors de l’élaboration de la connectivité du texte. Il sera demandé à 60 élèves issus de trois niveaux scolaires (CM2, 5ème, 3ème) de produire un texte narratif et un texte argumentatif. L’enregistrement se fera sur des tablettes graphiques, afin de collecter les données temporelles liées à la production écrite. L’analyse des pauses, du débit d’écriture et des révisions permettront de mieux comprendre la gestion temporelle de la mise en place de la connectivité syntaxique et de la cohésion sémantique; en outre, des profils de scripteurs pourront être définis à partir de leur rythme d’écriture. L’enregistrement des mouvements oculaires pourra venir compléter ces analyses. Les variations inter-individuelles seront prises en compte, notamment grâce à des tests psycho-cognitifs (test de mémoire, aisance grapho-motrice, étendue du vocabulaire, capacité de lecture). Enfin, suite à une évaluation des textes, leur qualité sera mise en relation avec les outils linguistiques utilisés pour établir la connectivité ainsi qu’avec les caractéristiques de gestion temporelle de chaque scripteur. / This research aims to study cognitive processes involved when adolescents produce texts, in a developmental perspective. It will be study how syntactic connectivity and cohesion are elaborated, through the analysis of pauses, writing rate and revisions. Furthermore, types of writers will be characterized by their writing fluency. Psycho-cognitive tests will be used to explore inter-individual variations. At least we will define coherence’s features and types of writers associated to papers judged as well-written

La présente étude vise à étudier les difficultés liées à l’emploi de certains marqueurs argumentatifs: mais, et, d’ailleurs, par ailleurs, pourtant et d’autre part, par les apprenants soudanais universitaires de FLE. Elle aborde plus précisément la problématique de l’utilisation des connecteurs argumentatifs par ces apprenants pendant leur production d’un texte argumentatif. Les données sont collectées à travers des productions écrites des apprenants en quatrième année du Département de français de la Faculté des langues de l’Université du Soudan de Science et de Technologie. L’analyse de leur écrit a pour objectif de connaître l’origine de ces difficultés en vue de proposer des solutions pour les surmonter. Le résultat obtenu a démontré que les apprenants rencontrent de sérieuses difficultés dans l’usage des connecteurs à l'écrit. Ces difficultés sont observables au niveau de la phrase composée mais aussi à celui de l'ensemble du texte dont elles affectent la cohésion et la cohérence. Pour remédier à ces problèmes, le chercheur a proposé, pour chaque connecteur étudié, un certain nombre de séquences didactiques susceptibles d'entraîner les étudiants à la maîtrise de leur emploi. La thèse donne des résultats de la mise en œuvre de ces séquences auprès des apprenants et montre qu'elles constituent une solution efficace en vue de l’acquisition de cette dimension essentielle de la technique argumentative à l'écrit. / This current study attempts to identify the difficulties related to the usage of certain argumentative markers: mais, et, d’ailleurs, par ailleurs, pourtant and d’autre part”, by the Sudanese students of French as a foreign language. It examines more precisely the problem regarding the usage of argumentative connectors by these students when producing anargumentative text. Data were collected through writing production of the 4th year students at the French language department, college of languages – Sudan university of Sciences and Technology. Analyzing their written production aimed to know the origin of these difficulties so as to provide remedy to them. The study results showed that learners have serious problems when using connectors in their production. This is noticeable not only at the complex sentence level but at the text as well, affecting its coherence and cohesion. Inorder to solve this problem, the researcher proposed for each connecter a number of didactic sequences susceptible to enable the students to master their usage. This thesis presents results regarding the application of the sequences on the students. It also demonstrates that these proposed sequences constitute an effective solution for the acquisition of this essential dimension of the argumentative writing technique.

The aim of this report is to investigate how often and how computers are used during Spanish as foreign language classes regarding reading comprehension and written production. Our intentions are also to compare elementary schools and upper secondary schools, as well as to investigate if there are any diferencies between the perceptions of the teachers and the pupils.   We have mainly based our study on the theories of Acquaroni Muños and Cassani i Comas. They both have written articles about reading comprehension and written production.  Regarding computers and their functions the articles of Ruipérez García and Higueras García have a great significance.   We have chosen to use a quantitative method, in form of questionnaires. We have created one questionnaire for the students and another one for the teachers. The questionnaires were carried out in two different upper secondary schools and in one elementary school in the southwest of Sweden. The students’ questionnaire contains 64 questions while the teachers’ questionnaire contains 60 questions.   Our hypothesis was that the computer is not used while teaching reading comprension. However, we expected the computer to be used a lot while teaching writing. Regarding perceptions our hypotheses were that there were none differences between the pupils and the teachers while we expected differences between the upper secondary school and the elementary school.   The result of the investigation shows that the computer is used little in the education of Spanish as a foreign language regarding reading comprehension and written production. As far as the differences between the teachers and the pupils are concerned the study shows that their perceptions differed. The comparison between upper secondary school and elementary school indicates several differences in the use of computers. All the results refuted out hypotheses except the last one indicating the differences between the upper secondary and elementary school which was confirmed.

Na sociedade atual, a Internet e as Tecnologias da Informação e da Comunicação (TIC) transformam nosso cotidiano, promovendo mudanças em vários níveis, profissional, familiar, escolar e acadêmico. Modificam-se as relações, os modos de pensar e de fazer descobertas para construir conhecimentos e agir socialmente. Uma simultaneidade de processos faz da organização da sociedade da informação e da comunicação uma grande rede, plena de conexões e interações. Podemos observar estas transformações presentes no contexto de ensino-aprendizagem de línguas na medida em que professor e aprendiz trazem para a sala de aula uma série de informações obtidas na Internet ou experiências de interações nas redes sociais, nos grupos de discussão, entre outros recursos que as TIC promovem continuadamente. O espaço escolar deixa de ser o único a transmitir e construir conhecimentos e novas relações se estabelecem entre o ensinar e o aprender. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida em um Centro de Estudo de Línguas do estado de São Paulo, no contexto de ensinoaprendizagem da Língua Francesa, em uma sala multisseriada que reúne alunos de vários níveis em um mesmo grupo. Nossos objetivos de pesquisa são investigar em que medida o uso de recursos digitais para tabletes nas aulas presenciais podem contribuir para a realização de tarefas, identificar quais relações os aprendizes estabelecem entre o uso das TIC e a produção escrita de textos em língua francesa e, finalmente, identificar como se dá o papel mediador do professor na realização do projeto Mon livret de voyage que relaciona ensino de línguas e TIC. Nossa pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa-interpretativa e a orientação metodológica está fundamentada na Pesquisa-ação (THIOLLENT, 2009). O referencial teórico que orientou nossa pesquisa remete aos conceitos de abordagem comunicativa e acional (RICHARDS, 2006; ELLIS, 2008; GUICHON, 2012; ALMEIDA FILHO, 2013), de mediação pedagógica (VYGOTSKY, 1999, 2010; MASETTO, 2013), de desenvolvimento de atividades por tarefas e do conceito de roteiro pedagógico (MANGENOT e LOUVEAU, 2006) e do uso dos recursos digitais nas práticas pedagógicas (GUICHON, 2012; LEFFA, 2012; BRAGA, 2013). Os resultados mostraram que o planejamento pedagógico feito pelo professor, promovendo a produção escrita de textos em língua francesa pela mobilização de conhecimentos linguísticos dos aprendizes por meio de recursos digitais para tabletes, potencializou o aprendizado da língua. A contribuição da pesquisa, no contexto de formação de professores permite desenvolver reflexões e futuras ações sobre as possibilidades de aprendizado de línguas com o uso das TIC, em classes multisseriadas, tendo como referência uma metodologia baseada em tarefas visando à realização de um projeto final, no caso desta pesquisa, o Livret de voyage. / Nowadays, the Internet and the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) transform our daily lives, promoting changes in the professional, domestic, and academic levels. The relationships are changed, as well as the ways of thinking and discovering in order to build knowledge and act socially. A simultaneity of processes makes the organization of the information and communication society a big network, full of connections and interactions. We can observe these transformations in the context of teaching and learning languages, where teacher and pupil bring to the classroom a series of internet-gathered information or experiences of interaction in social media, discussion groups, among other resources that ICT continually promote. The school is no longer the only one to transmit and construct knowledges, and new relationships are created between teaching and learning. This research was developed in a Language Study Centre in the state of Sao Paulo, in the context of teaching and learning French, in a multilevel class. Our research goals are to investigate to what extent the use of digital resources for tablets in classes can contribute to the ICT and the production of written texts in French, and, finally, identify how the role of mediator is established by the professor in the implementation of the project Mon livret de voyage, which connects the teaching of languages and ICT. Our qualitativeinterpretative research draws on methods of Action Research (THIOLLENT, 2009). The theoretical approach that guided our research refers to concepts of communicative approach and task-based approaches (RICHARDS, 2006; ELLIS, 2008; GUICHON, 2012; ALMEIDA FILHO, 2013), pedagogical mediation (VYGOTSKY, 1999, 2010; MASETTO, 2013), development of activities by tasks and the concept of pedagogical map (MANGENOT e LOUVEAU, 2006), and the use of digital resources in pedagogy (GUICHON, 2012; LEFFA, 2012; BRAGA, 2013). The results show that the pedagogical planning done by the teacher, promoting the production of written texts in French by the mobilization of pupils linguistic knowledges by using digital resources for tablets, maximized the learning of language. The research contribution, in the context of teacher training allows for the development of reflections and future actions about the possibilities of learning languages by using ICT in multilevel classrooms, having as reference a methodology based on tasks aiming at the accomplishment of a final project, in the context of this research, the Livret de voyage.

v anglickém jazyce The purpose of this thesis is to identify the principles and main aspects of a possible future theory of written language and to critically analyze the existing approaches to this issue. The first chapter outlines the main principles serving as a background for the other parts of the thesis. The second chapter deals with non-empirical approaches to the written language: it introduces selected conceptions of the written language and attempts to critically reflect their theoretical impact. In the third chapter, selected empirical approaches to the written language are considered; it shows how particular empirical researches and empirically based findings could help in the formation of a new theory. The fourth chapter offers a critical review of the conception of the style-forming agents in the Czech and Slovak linguistics. In its second part, possibilities of a more valid and reliable approach to this issue are shown using the example of an experiment on style-forming agents preparedness and unpreparedness. The fifth chapter considers the phenomenon of synaesthesia in the relationship to the written language: the aim is to connect a research area, which would be considered as non-linguistic in the eyes of autonomous linguistics, with paramount linguistic problems.

The present study aimed to investigate and analyze the most frequent grammatical errors in both oral and written production, what causes the errors as well as the possible correlation that may exist between them by means of a quantitative and qualitative method.The sample selected to perform the investigation is composed of 23 students who study the eighth course in the primary Swedish school. The data analyzed are obtained by two corpus composed of 23 written texts and 8 audios.The process followed throughout the investigation consists of a deductive method applying the Error Analysis theory. The grammatical categories are divided into verbs, prepositions, articles, gender and number concordance. In addition, in order to get a deeper understanding of the results, global, local, coherent and idiosyncratic errors are investigated.The results show that the errors in the written production are more frequent than in the oral production and that the error percentages in each grammatical category differs, predominating the errors in verbs in both corpus as well as the local and idiosyncratic errors.