Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CarlosDCF.pdf: 2847363 bytes, checksum: b2246e198dec7f41fa36de8369078e4b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-21 / The Six Sigma methodology has received considerable attention in the last two decades. This is due to its great potencial to reduce processes variability, through the use of accurate data, facts and statistical techniques. The methodology seeks to improve the quality of products and services, maximizing the company s financial performance. Specifically, its implementation and results in medium-sized textile enterprises is unknow, although there are signs that the methodology can be applied with success. Considering this scenario, the goal of this research is to describe the application of the Six Sigma methodology in a m?dium-sized textile company specialized in the production of male shirts in the satate of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. First, we present a literature review, seeking to highlight the themes of quality, Six Sigma and its methodology for improvement. Then, we show the implementation of the project selected, depicting the steps and procedures that must be performed. The results confirm the efficiency of Six Sigma in providing significant gains to companies. It is observed substantial improvements in the speed of product development and the flexibility of the parts produced, reducing the process lead time from 12.5 to 6.2 days, which means a performance improvement of over 50%. This leads also to cultural and behaviour change, creating motivation for implementation of new projects and a continuous search for knowledge / O programa Seis Sigma tem recebido bastante aten??o nas ?ltimas duas d?cadas, em fun??o de sua grande capacidade em reduzir a variabilidade dos processos, por meio do uso rigoroso de dados, fatos e t?cnicas estat?sticas que buscam melhorar a qualidade dos produtos e servi?os, impulsionando e maximizando os resultados financeiros da empresa. Contudo, a sua aplica??o e resultados em empresas de m?dio porte do setor t?xtil ? desconhecido, todavia h? ind?cios de que possa ser implantado com o mesmo sucesso verificado em outros setores industriais. Diante disso, o objetivo desta disserta??o de mestrado ? apresentar e desenvolver um estudo aplicado para a introdu??o do Seis Sigma em uma empresa de confec??o de camisaria masculina no Rio Grande do Norte. Para tanto, inicialmente foi realizada uma revis?o bibliogr?fica, procurando destacar os temas da qualidade, Seis Sigma e a sua metodologia para melhoria. Em seguida, ? apresentada a aplica??o do projeto selecionado, demonstrando os passos e procedimentos que devem ser trilhados para condu??o do projeto. Na seq??ncia, os resultados s?o relacionados, confirmando a efici?ncia do Seis Sigma em trazer ganhos significativos para as empresas. Os resultados da pesquisam apontam melhorias substanciais na rapidez do desenvolvimento do produto e na flexibilidade das pe?as elaboradas, reduzindo o Lead Time do processo de 12,5 para 6,2 dias, ou seja, uma melhoria no desempenho superior a 50%. Destaca-se, tamb?m, a mudan?a cultural e de comportamento dos colaboradores ap?s a compreens?o do programa e a implanta??o do mesmo, gerando motiva??o para aplica??o de novos projetos e pela procura cont?nua do conhecimento no intuito de avan?ar em pr?ticas e ferramentas mais avan?adas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeocadiaTCB.pdf: 1362259 bytes, checksum: bc8ee74506666e98deeef9007c502ac8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-19 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Textile industry deals with a high diversity of processes and generation of wastewaters with a high content of pollutant material. Before being disposed of in water bodies, a pre-treatment of the effluent is carried out, which is sometimes ineffective. In order to be properly treated, physical and chemical properties of the effluent must be known, as well as the pollutant agents that might be present in it. This has turned out to be a great problem in the textile industry, for there is a variety of processes and the pollutant load is very diversified. The characterization of the effluent allows the identification of most critical points and, as a consequence, the most appropriate treatment procedure to be employed, may be chosen. This study presents the results obtained after characterizing the effluent of a textile industry that comprises knitting, dyeing and apparel sections, processing mainly polyester/cotton articles. In this work, twenty samples of the effluent were collected, and related to the changes in production. From the results, a statistical evaluation was applied, determined in function of the rate of flow. The following properties and pollutants agents were quantitatively analysed: temperature; pH; sulfides; chlorine; alcalinity; chlorides; cianides; phenols; color; COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand); TOC (Total Organic Carbon); oil and grease; total, fixed and volatile solids; dissolved, fixed and volatile solids; suspended, fixed and volatile solids; setteable solids and heavy metals such as cadmium, copper, lead, chromium, tin, iron, zinc and nickel. Analyses were carried out according to ABNT NBR 13402 norm, based upon Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. As a consequence, a global treatment proposal is presented, involving clean production practices as contaminant load reducer, followed by conventional (biological) treatment / A ind?stria t?xtil caracteriza-se pela diversidade de processos utilizados e gera??o de altos volumes de efluentes com alta carga poluidora. O efluente recebe um pr?-tratamento, muitas vezes insatisfat?rio e ? lan?ado no corpo d ?gua. Para que possa receber um tratamento, ? necess?rio conhecer as propriedades f?sicas e qu?micas do efluente, bem como os agentes poluentes presentes no mesmo. Isto tem sido um grande problema na ind?stria t?xtil, pois os processos utilizados s?o muitos e a carga poluente bastante diversificada. A caracteriza??o do efluente permite identificar os pontos mais cr?ticos e conseq?entemente a a??o mais adequada no seu tratamento. O presente estudo apresenta os resultados obtidos na caracteriza??o de um efluente de ind?stria t?xtil, composta de malharia, tinturaria e confec??o que processa principalmente poli?ster/algod?o. Neste estudo foram realizadas 20 coletas do efluente, procurando associ?-las ?s mudan?as na produ??o, e a partir destes resultados aplicou-se uma avalia??o estat?stica, determinada em fun??o da vaz?o. Analisou-se quantitativamente as seguintes propriedades e agentes poluentes: temperatura, pH, sulfetos, cloro, alcalinidade, cloretos, cianetos, fen?is, cor, DQO (demanda qu?mica de oxig?nio), COT (carbono org?nico total), ?leos e graxas, s?lidos totais, fixos e vol?teis, s?lidos dissolvidos, fixos e vol?teis, s?lidos suspensos, fixos e vol?teis, s?lidos sediment?veis e metais pesados como c?dmio, cobre, chumbo, cromo, estanho, ferro, zinco e n?quel. As an?lises foram realizadas de acordo com a norma ABNT NBR 13402 sendo as mesmas baseadas no Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater . Como conseq??ncia, apresenta-se uma proposta de tratamento global, envolvendo pr?ticas de produ??o limpa, como redutor da carga contaminante, seguidas do tratamento convencional (biol?gico)

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-04-03T14:24:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandaDeMeloFernandes_DISSERT.pdf: 2913111 bytes, checksum: dcf264c0d70fe0bcde8d2a01549b8221 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-04-10T19:05:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandaDeMeloFernandes_DISSERT.pdf: 2913111 bytes, checksum: dcf264c0d70fe0bcde8d2a01549b8221 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-10T19:05:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FernandaDeMeloFernandes_DISSERT.pdf: 2913111 bytes, checksum: dcf264c0d70fe0bcde8d2a01549b8221 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-22 / A deposi??o de filmes finos por plasma melhora v?rias propriedades f?sicas, qu?micas e biol?gicas de superf?cies que contribuem para o enobrecimento dos materiais. O objetivo do trabalho ? estudar a cin?tica de deposi??o de filmes finos de cobre em substratos de vidro e tecido, utilizando a t?cnica da gaiola cat?dica, alterando a espessura da tampa da gaiola e sua rela??o com a varia??o da pot?ncia do tratamento. Devido ? alta temperatura no interior da gaiola, as amostras de tecidos, foram fixadas no flange superior do reator, j? o vidro foi posicionado tanto dentro quanto fora da gaiola, sendo assim, ser? analisado a deposi??o do jato interno e externo da gaiola cat?dica. Filmes finos de cobre caracterizam-se como bom condutor el?trico e t?rmico, o que justifica seu uso em microeletr?nica, e segundo a U.S. Environmental Agency (EPA) existem 282 tipos de ligas de cobre bactericidas, habilitando sua utiliza??o em ambientes est?ril. Assim, realizou-se deposi??es de filmes finos de cobre sobre amostras de vidro, poliamida e poli?ster, variando os par?metros do processo e a espessura da tampa da gaiola. Realizou-se a caracteriza??o por difra??o de Raio-X (DRX), Espectroscopia de Fluoresc?ncia Raios X (FRX), Microscopia Eletr?nica de Varredura com Emiss?o de Campo (MEV - FEG) com Microan?lise por Espectroscopia por Energia Dispersiva (EDS), Transmit?ncia e Espectroscopia de Fotoel?trons Excitados por Raios-X (XPS). Os resultados mostraram que, ap?s o tratamento, todas as amostras, tanto vidro como tecido, obtiveram cobre em sua estrutura, ou seja, foi poss?vel realizar deposi??o nos substratos independentemente da localiza??o do mesmo, em rela??o a gaiola. No entanto, as amostras internas obtiveram maior taxa de deposi??o. / The deposition of thin films by plasma improves various physical, chemical and biological properties of surfaces that contribute to the ennoblement of the materials. The objective of this work is to study the deposition kinetics of thin films of copper on glass and fabric substrates using the cathodic cage technique, changing the thickness of the cage lid and its relation with the variation of the power of the treatment. Owing to the high temperature inside the cage, the tissue samples were fixed to the upper flange of the reactor, and the glass was positioned both inside and outside the cage, thus analyzing the deposition of the internal jet and external the cathodic cage. Copper thin films are characterized as good electrical and thermal conductors, which justify their use in microelectronics, and according to the U.S. Environmental Agency (EPA) there are 282 types of bactericidal copper alloys, enabling their use in sterile environments. Thus, depositions of thin films of copper were carried out on glass, polyamide and polyester samples, varying the process parameters and the thickness of the cage lid. The characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (FRX), Field-Scanning Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Microanalysis by Dispersive Energy Spectroscopy (EDS), Transmittance and Spectroscopy of X-Ray Excited Photoelectrons (XPS). The results showed that, after treatment, all samples, both glass and fabric, obtained copper in their structure, that is, it was possible to perform deposition on the substrates regardless of the location of the same, relative to the cage. However, the internal samples obtained a higher rate of deposition.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:32:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Wagner_Alves_Goncalves.pdf: 501937 bytes, checksum: 9528a41418a29647da86827dd9375152 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-08-02 / This dissertation aims at analysing the relations of the Brazilian Textile Industry in the presence of the intensification of the globalization process and the arising of new competitors as a consequence of the market opening to importation, which took place in the 1990s. The focus of this work will be placed on analysing the strategic planning carried out by the companies which survived the crisis and the implementation of more competitive performance models. To achieve such a purpose, taking into account a survey on the strategy models which are known for their efficiency, the situation of the Textile Industry prior to the 1990s as well as nowadays is described. The case study containing the application of interviews with the planners in charge of the development and the implementation of the strategy is adopted as a research methodology in exploratory character. / Esta disserta????o tem como objetivo verificar quais as rea????es da Ind??stria T??xtil brasileira perante a intensifica????o do processo de globaliza????o e a entrada de novos concorrentes, conseq????ncia da abertura ??s importa????es ocorrida no in??cio da d??cada de 90. O interesse est?? em analisar o planejamento estrat??gico desenvolvido pelas empresas sobreviventes ?? crise e a implementa????o de modelos de atua????o mais competitivos. Para isso, ap??s o levantamento dos modelos de estrat??gias conhecidos pela efici??ncia, s??o descritas tanto a situa????o da Ind??stria T??xtil anterior a 1990 quanto a situa????o recente. Como metodologia de pesquisa, de car??ter explorat??rio, ?? adotado o estudo de caso com a aplica????o de entrevistas com os planejadores respons??veis pela elabora????o e implanta????o da estrat??gia.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:35:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joao_Roberto_Cordeiro_Duarte.pdf: 497605 bytes, checksum: 3292422b92972c74a32838b42e84e517 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-28 / Some characteristics of family companies continue even though these enterprises reach high platforms of invoicing, using, for times, hundreds of employees. During its initial phase, many of these enterprises adopt informal procedures that, times later can constitute problems to its higher development, exactly for the fact to be persisted on to the company's culture of the initial phase. In many cases, the lack of a practical and structuralized accounting and the adoption of informal practices constitute serious obstacles, leading the company the filings for the inspection agencies, labor law actions and shunting line of materials and financial resources. Additionally, the absence of more rigid or efficient controls implicates the strategic administration of the company, for the lack of highlights (management information) on competitiveness, costs and financial health. This research had as objective to analyze the problems lived for a great company of the textile segment, caused for a family management, and shows as the reorganization of the countable sector oriented for the adoption of a series of measures, amongst them the implantation of a management accounting. For this study bibliographical documentary research and study of case had been used predominantly, that had allowed lining up the theory and the objectives. Through the developed study, one proves that a structured accounting and the participation and integration of all the sectors in the spreading of the information allow the implantation of a management accounting. / Algumas caracter??sticas de empresas familiares persistem mesmo quando esses empreendimentos atingem elevados patamares de faturamento, empregando, por vezes, centenas de funcion??rios. Muitos desses empreendimentos adotam, durante sua fase inicial, procedimentos informais que, tempos depois, podem acabar se constituindo em empecilhos ao seu maior desenvolvimento, exatamente pelo fato de persistirem arraigados ?? cultura organizacional da fase inicial. Em diversos casos, a falta de uma contabilidade estruturada e a ado????o de pr??ticas informais passam a constituir s??rios obst??culos, levando a empresa a autua????es pelos ??rg??os de fiscaliza????o, a????es trabalhistas e desvio de materiais e de recursos financeiros. Adicionalmente, a aus??ncia de controles mais r??gidos ou eficazes acaba comprometendo a administra????o estrat??gica da empresa, pela falta de sinalizadores (informa????es gerenciais) quanto a sua competitividade, custos e ?? pr??pria sa??de financeira. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar os problemas enfrentados por uma grande empresa do segmento t??xtil, ocasionados por uma gest??o familiar, e mostra como a reestrutura????o do setor cont??bil serviu de base para a ado????o de uma s??rie de medidas, dentre elas a implanta????o de uma contabilidade gerencial. Para este estudo foram utilizados predominantemente pesquisa documental bibliogr??fica e estudo de caso, que permitiram alinhar a teoria e os objetivos em estudo. Atrav??s do estudo desenvolvido, comprova-se que uma contabilidade estruturada e a participa????o e integra????o de todos os setores na divulga????o das informa????es permitem a implanta????o de uma contabilidade gerencial

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:35:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaGF_Capa_ate_parte_1.pdf: 498896 bytes, checksum: 914a9b87fd7f84c3792ca757879da202 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-20 / This research work deals with the compilation of a dictionary on clothing terminology intended to be used as a pedagogic tool as part of the teaching and learning process in the Textile Engineering Course at the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. The main terms were selected and assessed by a team of textile teachers and students with the objective to be structured as a conceptual body of information on the following sub-areas of clothing terminology: materials (fabrics and trimmings) and products (garments). This research comprises three main steps: (a) characterization and understanding of the technical vocabulary in the clothing area as well as the identification of a pedagogic demand for a dictionary on clothing terminology, clearly expressed by the textile lecturers and students involved in the assessment of the need and validation of this project development; (b) a proposal for a specific methodology for the compilation of the dictionary which could help the communication process in the lecturing of clothing terminology and (c) based on the terminological principles and the technique of focal groups the dictionary was assessed. The technique of focal groups was used in the first step. In the second step the technique used was that of the terminological methodology adapted to the teaching approach in the Textile Course. In the third step the technique of focal groups was again utilized. It was observed that the main concern of lecturers and students is the lack of a standardized vocabulary, which renders difficult the communication process in both the teaching and learning activities as well as the professional ones in the textile industries. Various aspects, which can overlap, cause this lack of standardization. The main ones pointed out by the study team in the focal groups are: usage of regional words or expressions, usage of foreign words or expressions, analogies, and the low level of formal education, mainly among the industry workers. Another aspect to be considered is the lack of textile literature written in the Portuguese language of Brazil. This evidence shows the importance of a clothing terminology dictionary which will benefit both the education and professional activties in this field of knowledge. This dictionary will also give a substantial contribution to terminological standardization in our research field. With view to fulfill this demand, a dictionary of clothing terminology was compiled with 760 main entries, according to the modern practice in terminology with the necessary modifications concerning our needs. The result of the dictionary assessment was very assertive regarding its structure, contents and possible use in various contexts. The team work emphasized their contribution to the standardization process of the terms that proved to be one of the most important and difficult aspects of this researh work. The significance of this structured terminological dictionary was confirmed by the focal group participants relating to its use for teaching and learning activities, as a reference book, as a source of technical information and also as a tool for pedagogic studies and planning, as well as a significant collaboration to the pedagogic practices in the textile engineering course at University or any other educational institution. Besides, this dictionary can also be used to supply information within the textile field. We are aware that the present work will not exhaust the objectives of this research due to its limitations in opposition to the vast complexity demanded by the compilation of a complete work including all the areas and sub-areas of textile engineering. However, it is an important source for dissemination of concepts on the field of clothing terminology and a tool to effective standardization of the terms used in this subject field / Esta pesquisa trata do vocabul?rio t?cnico t?xtil, especialmente na ?rea do vestu?rio, utilizado como instrumento did?tico no processo ensino-aprendizagem do curso de Engenharia T?xtil, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Esse vocabul?rio foi criteriosamente examinado com o prop?sito de ser conceituado e contextualizado, nas sub?reas do vestu?rio, materiais (tecidos e aviamentos) e produtos (pe?as do vestu?rio), e, para isso, propomos um dicion?rio terminol?gico, justificado e avaliado por professores e alunos. Assim, a pesquisa comporta tr?s etapas principais: (a) caracteriza??o da percep??o do vocabul?rio t?cnico da ?rea do vestu?rio, e identifica??o de uma demanda pedag?gica formulada por professores e alunos da ?rea t?xtil: a necessidade de um dicion?rio t?cnico do vestu?rio; (b) proposta de uma metodologia, e elabora??o de um produto concreto, para suprir essa demanda: um dicion?rio de terminologia do vestu?rio; (c) avalia??o desse produto por professores e alunos da ?rea. Aplicamos a abordagem qualitativa, fundamentada nos princ?pios Terminologia e a na t?cnica de Grupo Focal. Para a primeira etapa, utilizamos a t?cnica dos grupos focais. Na segunda etapa, utilizamos a metodologia terminol?gica, adaptada ? nossa realidade de ensino. E na execu??o da terceira etapa, recorremos, tamb?m, ? t?cnica dos grupos focais. Constatamos que a principal preocupa??o de professores e alunos converge para a falta de padroniza??o do vocabul?rio, que dificulta a comunica??o, tanto no processo ensino-aprendizagem quanto nas atividades profissionais. As causas da falta de padroniza??o s?o variadas e se sobrep?em, mas foram apontadas entre as principais: os regionalismos, o uso de analogias, os estrangeirismos e a baixa escolaridade. Quanto ? necessidade de um dicion?rio de terminologia do vestu?rio, ficou evidenciada a falta de material bibliogr?fico em portugu?s do Brasil. Tanto professores como alunos mencionaram, repetidamente, a escassez de material t?cnico. Nesse sentido, um dicion?rio t?cnico, adaptado ? nossa realidade, pode representar uma contribui??o substancial para a normaliza??o terminol?gica. Para atender a essa demanda, elaboramos um dicion?rio de terminologia do vestu?rio, com 760 entradas, constru?do conforme os procedimentos da moderna terminologia com os necess?rios ajustes. A avalia??o do dicion?rio foi bastante positiva no que se refere ? sua estrutura, conte?do e usos poss?veis em diversos contextos. Os participantes salientaram sua contribui??o para a padroniza??o do vocabul?rio que, conforme observado se configurava num dos principais problemas. Professores e alunos destacaram sua utilidade para o ensino-aprendizagem, como obra de refer?ncia, fonte de informa??es t?cnicas e instrumento de estudo e planejamento did?tico. Acreditamos que, atrav?s da cria??o do dicion?rio de terminologia do vestu?rio, estamos colaborando de maneira significativa para as pr?ticas pedag?gicas no curso de Engenharia T?xtil. H? ainda, a expectativa de que esse instrumento possa ser ?til ?s demais ?reas t?xtil. Com este trabalho, n?o pretendemos exaurir a pesquisa. Temos consci?ncia de suas limita??es, em contraposi??o ? amplitude e complexidade que exigiria um trabalho terminol?gico que inclu?sse todas as ?reas e sub?reas do curso de Engenharia T?xtil. No entanto, temos a convic??o de que ele poder? servir como uma importante fonte para dissemina??o de conceitos sobre a ?rea do vestu?rio, e, acreditamos, colaborar para a efetiva??o da padroniza??o da terminologia utilizada nessa ?rea

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LianaFA.pdf: 3114958 bytes, checksum: 98adbf744d65a1ab7d9d6e74eb3bea83 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-03 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The treatment of colored and alkaline effluent has been a challenge to the textile industry. An alternative to remove the colors of those effluents is applying magnesium chloride as a coagulant agent. The magnesium ion, in high pH, hydrolyzes itself, forming the magnesium hydroxide which has a large adsorptive area and positive electrostatic charges able to act as an efficient coagulant. The bittern wastewater from the salt industries has been studied as a potential font of this magnesium ion. Nowadays, this bittern wastewater is evicted into the sea, without any treatment or other use. This thesis has evaluated the potential of applying the wastewater from the salt industries in the treatment of dyeing effluent containing indigo dye and alkaline pH. All the experiments were made in jar tests simulating the chemical coagulation, flocculation and decantation steps ranging the pH and the concentration of magnesium ion. Were obtained removals between 96% and 76% for turbidity, apparent color, and true color, respectively, using 200mg/L Mg2+. The reduction of costs with acid, when were used the salt industries wastewater, comparing with Al2(SO4)3, was 62%. For the degradation of organic matter remaining in the clarified, around 900 mg/L, was applyed the advanced process of oxidation: photo-Fenton. The preliminary results showed 57% reduction in DOC. According to the results obtained, the salt industries wastewater can be applied, as coagulant, in the physical-chemical treatment of the denim dyeing wastewater, so it is not necessary a previous adjust of pH, efficiently and economically / O tratamento de efluentes coloridos e alcalinos tem sido um desafio para as ind?strias t?xteis. Uma alternativa para a remo??o de cor destes efluentes ? a aplica??o do cloreto magn?sio como coagulante. O ?on magn?sio, em pH elevado, se hidrolisa, formando o hidr?xido de magn?sio que possui larga ?rea adsortiva e cargas eletrost?ticas positivas capazes de agir como um eficiente coagulante. Como fonte deste ?on, tem sido estudada a ?gua residu?ria das salinas, conhecida como ?gua-m?e (A-M), rica em diversos sais. Atualmente, ela ? lan?ada diretamente no mar, sem tratamento ou aproveitamento. Esta tese avaliou a capacidade de aplica??o desta ?gua residu?ria no tratamento de efluente de tinturaria contendo corante ?ndigo e pH alcalino. Os experimentos foram realizados em Testes de Jarro, simulando as etapas de coagula??o, flocula??o e decanta??o, variando o pH e a concentra??o do ?on magn?sio. Foram obtidas remo??es m?dias de 96%, 91% e 76% para turbidez, cor aparente e cor verdadeira, respectivamente, utilizando 200 mg/L Mg2+. A redu??o de custos com ?cido, quando se usou A-M em compara??o com o Al2(SO4)3, foi de 62%. Para a degrada??o da mat?ria org?nica remanescente no clarificado, em torno de 900 mg/L, foi aplicado o processo de oxida??o avan?ada: foto-Fenton. Os resultados preliminares apresentaram redu??es de 57% de carbono org?nico dissolvido (COD). De acordo com os resultados obtidos, a ?gua residu?ria das salinas pode ser aplicada, como coagulante, no tratamento f?sico-qu?mico do efluente de tinturaria de denim, sem ajustes pr?vios de pH, de forma eficiente e econ?mica

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:03:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlinneKSF_DISSERT.pdf: 2111832 bytes, checksum: 4c3a5b40f28210cad528671d89c486df (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-22 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This study aims to assess the potential for industrial reuse of textile wastewater, after passing through a physical and chemical pretreatment, into denim washing wet processing operations in an industrial textile laundry, with no need for complementary treatments and dilutions. The methodology and evaluation of the proposed tests were based on the production techniques used in the company and upgraded for the experiments tested. The characterization of the treated effluent for 16 selected parameters and the development of a monitoring able to tailor the treated effluent for final disposal in accordance with current legislation was essential for the initiation of testing for reuse. The parameters color, turbidity, SS and pH used were satisfactory as control variables and presents simple determination methods. The denim quality variables considered were: color, odor, appearance and soft handle. The tests were started on a pilot scale following complexity factors attributed to the processes, in denim fabric and jeans, which demonstrated the possibility of reuse, because there was no interference in the processes and at quality of the tested product. Industrial scale tests were initiated by a step control that confirmed the methodology efficiency applied to identify the possibility of reuse by tests that precede each recipe to be processed. 556 replicates were performed in production scale for 47 different recipes of denim washing. The percentage of water reuse was 100% for all processes and repetitions performed after the initial adjustment testing phase. All the jeans were framed with the highest quality for internal control and marketed, being accepted by contractors. The full-scale use of treated wastewater, supported by monitoring and evaluation and control methodology suggested in this study, proved to be valid in textile production, not given any negative impact to the quality the produced jeans under the presented conditions. It is believed that this methodology can be extrapolated to other laundries to determine the possibility of reuse in denim washing wet processing with the necessary modifications to each company. / O presente trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar as possibilidades de re?so industrial de efluentes t?xteis, ap?s passar por um pr?-tratamento f?sico-qu?mico, no processamento do jeans em uma lavanderia industrial t?xtil, sem a necessidade de tratamentos complementares e dilui??es. A metodologia desenvolvida e avalia??o dos testes propostos foram baseadas nas t?cnicas de produ??o utilizadas na empresa e adaptadas para os experimentos testados. A caracteriza??o do efluente tratado atrav?s dos 16 par?metros selecionados e o desenvolvimento de um monitoramento capaz de adequar o efluente tratado para disposi??o final de acordo com a legisla??o vigente foi essencial para o in?cio dos testes de re?so. Os par?metros utilizados - cor, turbidez, SS e pH mostraram-se satisfat?rios como vari?veis de controle e apresentam m?todos de determina??o simples. As vari?veis de qualidade no tecido (denim) consideradas foram: cor, odor, apar?ncia e suavidade ao toque. Os testes foram iniciados em escala piloto seguindo fatores de complexidade atribu?dos aos processos, em pe?as piloto e em pe?as confeccionadas, que demonstraram a possibilidade de re?so, por n?o apresentarem interfer?ncias a qualidade dos processos e das pe?as produzidas. Em escala real os testes foram iniciados por uma etapa controle e confirmaram a efici?ncia da metodologia aplicada para identificar a possibilidade de re?so atrav?s de testes que precedem cada receita a ser processada. Foram realizadas 556 repeti??es em escala produtiva para as lavagens referentes a 47 diferentes receitas. O percentual de re?so com ?gua da ETEI foi de 100% para todos os processos e repeti??es realizadas ap?s a etapa inicial de ajuste dos testes. Todas as pe?as foram enquadradas com qualidade m?xima pelo controle interno e comercializadas, sendo aprovadas pelos contratantes. A utiliza??o em escala real do efluente tratado, sustentado pelo monitoramento e metodologia de controle e avalia??o sugerida neste estudo mostrou-se v?lida na produ??o t?xtil, por n?o conferir qualquer tipo de impacto negativo ? qualidade das pe?as produzidas nas condi??es apresentadas. Estes resultados apontam que esta metodologia pode ser extrapolada a outras lavanderias para determina??o da possibilidade de re?so no beneficiamento de jeans com as adapta??es necess?rias a cada empresa.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-09T19:31:01Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MoisesVieiraDeMelo_TESE.pdf: 3298262 bytes, checksum: 6c8131d4ccbb84ead6360566fbd11a1e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-10T23:52:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MoisesVieiraDeMelo_TESE.pdf: 3298262 bytes, checksum: 6c8131d4ccbb84ead6360566fbd11a1e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-10T23:52:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MoisesVieiraDeMelo_TESE.pdf: 3298262 bytes, checksum: 6c8131d4ccbb84ead6360566fbd11a1e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-09 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Este trabalho experimental mapeou a qualidade de fios de algod?o produzidos em duas ind?strias t?xteis distintas, de acordo com as refer?ncias USTER? para avalia??o da qualidade de um fio. Os resultados das m?dias de pilosidade H de amostras de fios representativas de cada produ??o di?ria foram testados usando ANOVA por meio da ferramenta estat?stica Statgraphics? Centurion XVI. Um mapa de pilosidade H foi projetado e constru?do sistematicamente para avaliar a qualidade de fios de algod?o NE 30/1 cardados malharia produzidos durante toda a vida de viajantes, deslizando continuamente a 28 m/s e 42 m/s em dois filat?rios, com 528 e 1.480 fusos, constituindo dois sistemas, A e B, respectivamente. Ensaios tribol?gicos de abras?o foram projetados e executados em Laborat?rio a 3,5 m/s, exercendo sete n?veis de press?o de contato de Hertz para simular a zona de contato do sistema anelviajante nitretado e analis?-la por Microscopia Eletr?nica de Varredura para identificar mecanismos de desgaste desenvolvidos nos corpos-de-prova. Foram nitretados por duas condi??es distintas de processamento, C e D, lotes de 100 viajantes nitretados, para o sistema de fia??o A e 740 viajantes nitretados (esquemas C e D) para o sistema B, os quais foram ensaiados experimentalmente, para comparar aos resultados da qualidade dos fios de algod?o obtidos pelos viajantes convencionais. Par?metros peri?dicos da Rugosidade Superficial, Rsm, e n?o-perI?dicos, Ra, Rq e Rz, da borda dos viajantes nitretados, ou n?o, na zona de contato com o fio produzido, foram medidos por AFM, Microscopia de For?a At?mica, em duas condi??es, Novos e Desgatados ap?s a sua vida em servi?o. O Mapa de Pilosidade H desenvolvido nesta Tese mostrou ser uma ferramenta ?til para uma ampla visualiza??o da funcionalidade do viajante, da relev?ncia da nitreta??o a plasma e da evolu??o da rugosidade superficial durante a sua vida em servi?o. Os viajantes nitretados a plasma demonstraram um aumento da vida em servi?o de 14 DIAS PARA 63 DIAS e produziram fios de algod?o NE 30/1 cardados malharia com 39% de pilosidades H menor que aqueles obtidos pelos viajantes convencionais que duraram 17 dias em servi?o. / This experimental investigation concerning to cotton yarn quality was conducted in two different textile industries according to USTER? yarn quality benchmarks. The results of the Hairiness H of yarn samples representing each diary production were tested using ANOVA by means of Statgraphics? Centurion XVI statistical tool. A hairiness H map was designed and systematically constructed for evaluate the quality of NE 30/1 Cotton Carded Knitting Yarns produced during all the life of travelers running continuously at 28 m/s and 42 m/s in two ring spinning machines, with 528 and 1,480 spindles, so constituting two systems, A and B, respectively. Tribological abrasion tests were designed and performed in Laboratory at 3.5 m/s in order to simulate Hertzian contact pressures since severe to moderate range for simulate the contact zone of the ring-traveller system and analyze by Scanning Electron Microscopy their main wear mechanisms. Ion nitrided travellers were obtained by two different processing conditions, C and D, to compose lots of 100 nitrided travellers for A spinning machine system and 740 nitrided travellers (C and D schemes) for B system and were experimentally tested in comparison with conventional travellers. Periodical Surface Roughness, Rsm, and Nonperiodical Ra, Rq and Rz parameters of nitrided and conventional travellers, in the Position of Yarn Bath, i.e., the contact zone between the traveller and the yarn, were measured by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), in two conditions, new and worn after their service life. The Hairiness H Map developed in this thesis showed is a useful tool for a broad visualization of the traveller functionality, the relevance of its surface treating and the evolution of the surface roughness during its service life. The nitrided travellers demonstrated longer life and they produced NE 30/1 Cotton Carded Knitting Yarns with lower H hairiness that those obtained by conventional travellers.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-20T20:04:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JorgeLuizFerreiraRabelo_DISSERT.pdf: 1612263 bytes, checksum: 6cc24412ce62d41f9b0296434c43d86f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-03-22T19:57:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 JorgeLuizFerreiraRabelo_DISSERT.pdf: 1612263 bytes, checksum: 6cc24412ce62d41f9b0296434c43d86f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-22T19:57:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JorgeLuizFerreiraRabelo_DISSERT.pdf: 1612263 bytes, checksum: 6cc24412ce62d41f9b0296434c43d86f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-12 / Investigou-se o desenvolvimento de uma cadeira personalizada para acionamento, acelera??o e desacelera??o de uma m?quina de costura utilizada por parapl?gico na confec??o de vestu?rio. Observou-se uma efici?ncia comprovadamente similar entre indiv?duos com e sem defici?ncia ao executarem tarefas id?nticas. Discutem-se aspectos fisiol?gicos, ergon?micos, tribol?gicos e legais da inser??o de pessoas com problemas de defici?ncia f?sica. Avalia-se o n?vel de satisfa??o desses seres humanos no posto de trabalho em que se assegura uma acessibilidade confi?vel, atrav?s de um projeto eficiente, personalizado e de baixo custo. / The development of a custom chair to drive, acceleration and deceleration of a sewing machine used by paraplegic in making clothing is the aim of this investigation. It was observed a similar proven efficiency between individuals with and without disabilities to perform similar tasks. Physiological, ergonomic, tribological and legal aspects of the integration of people with physical problems are discussed. The evaluation of the level of satisfaction of these human beings in the workplace that ensures a reliable accessibility, through efficient design, customized and low cost is also presented in this work.