Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Giuliano Piccioni Silvestre de Meroe.pdf: 1113833 bytes, checksum: fda9676050288b38540f317a7c4ae708 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-05-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Changes in economic scenarios, occasioned by the advent of information technology, and driven by the increasing pace of technological innovation, the socalled knowledge economy, puts knowledge as a decisive factor for the success of organizations in the principles of the XXI century. The new economy increasingly values the so-called intangibles - information, ideas, knowledge and intellectual production - which gives rise to organizations rethink their business models, adapting them to the demands of the new economic dynamics. The transition that we experience, challenges the assumptions of the industrial era, in which the measurement of success of organizations was based on the value of their property. Tangible goods are no longer the only reference value for organizations in the new context in focus. Organizations currently negotiating their intangible assets and leverage competitiveness through various components of intangible assets - intellectual property licensing, ownership of ideas and knowledge from outside organizations, externalization of their own ideas and internal knowledge. This picture of changes in contemporary society provides an environment for greater participation of stakeholders in the innovation process of organizations, and reflects an evolution in their business models to an open system, with more porous borders of organizations to the environment. The growing appreciation of the intangible capital - intangible assets, knowledge, ideas, intellectual property, etc. - and the use of IT tools are in two important vectors of the knowledge economy. The purpose of this study is to see whether companies that adopt a model within a collaborative logic, you get competitive advantage by becoming permeable to knowledge outside of their domain. Given this purpose, we will examine the concepts of innovation, will also be evaluated as the practice of a collaborative management model, proposed by Professor Henry Chesbrough, the scientist who coined the term open innovation. The implementation of this model, however, is linked to the organization's ability to strengthen its connections with other agents. For this reason, the study of social capital will be appropriate for this work because we see their relationship with this new management model. From this approach will be possible to understand that building a network of relationships between agents increases the fluidity in the exchange of knowledge, information and ideas among the participating actors. The interdependent relationship of support elements examined - the emergence of a new economy, intangible assets as the main component of value, capital, innovation, intellectual property - leads us to the conclusion that innovation is open on a model, potentially able to leverage competitive advantage for companies that fit into their busines models / As mudanças nos cenários econômicos, ensejadas com o advento das tecnologias de informação, e impulsionadas pela aceleração do ritmo da inovação tecnológica, na chamada economia do conhecimento, colocam o conhecimento como um elemento determinante para o sucesso das organizações, também nos princípios do século XXI. A nova economia valoriza cada vez mais os chamados bens intangíveis (informação, ideas, conhecimento e produção intelectual) o que dá vazão às organizações repensarem seus modelos de negócio, adaptando-os conforme as exigências da nova dinâmica econômica. A transição que experimentamos desafia os pressupostos da era industrial, na qual a mensuração de sucesso das organizações era fundamentada no valor de seus bens materiais. Os bens tangíveis não são mais a única referência de valor para as organizações no novo contexto. As organizações, atualmente, negociam os seus bens intangíveis e alavancam competitividade por de diversos componentes desses bens imateriais (licenciamento da propriedade intelectual, apropriação de ideas e conhecimentos externos às organizações; externalização das próprias ideas e conhecimentos internos). Esse quadro de transformações da sociedade contemporânea propicia um ambiente adequado para maior participação dos atores no processo inovativo das organizações, bem como reflete uma evolução em seus modelos de gestão, para um sistema aberto, com as fronteiras das organizações mais porosas ao meio ambiente e ao contexto. A valorização crescente do capital imaterial e o uso das ferramentas da Tecnologia de Informação constituem-se em dois vetores importantes da economia do conhecimento. A finalidade deste trabalho é verificar se as empresas que adotam um modelo inserido em uma lógica colaborativa obtêm vantagem competitiva ao tornarem-se permeáveis aos conhecimentos além de seus próprios e domínios. Para atender a esse fim, examinamos o conceito de Inovação, como a prática de um modelo de gestão colaborativo, proposto pelo Professor Henry Chesbrough: de inovação aberta. A implantação desse modelo, no entanto, está vinculada à capacidade da organização de consolidar suas conexões com os demais agentes. Por essa razão, o estudo do capital social será apropriado a este trabalho, pois verificamos sua relação com esse novo modelo de gestão. A partir dessa abordagem será possível compreender que a construção de uma rede de relacionamentos entre os agentes eleva a fluidez na troca de conhecimento, informação e ideas. O relacionamento interdependente dos elementos de apoio examinados (emergência de uma nova economia; os bens intangíveis como principal componente de valor; capital social; inovação, propriedade intelectual) leva-nos à concluir que a inovação aberta constitui-se em um modelo potencialmente capaz de alavancar vantagem competitiva para as empresas que o adaptarem a seus modelos de negócios

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:45:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Henri Vahdat.pdf: 689911 bytes, checksum: fb47f48cb8c58a2ec65cd081e212871a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-05 / The purpose of this work is to present a proposal of a corporate university that may assist organizations achieve new levels of productivity and competitiveness. The argument presented herein is that knowledge became a dominant factor in society s economic life and therefore must gain centrality in strategies of countries and corporations that aim to survive and prosper. In the ambit of corporations, in particular, corporate universities have proven to be an instrument for human capital development, amplifying the chances of organizational success in a world characterized by change, complexity and globalization. This dissertation is organized in four parts, along which the author fundaments his assumptions and propositions. Part I highlights the emergence of what some authors have called as the knowledge economy. We argue that knowledge is now the basic form of capital and that sustained economic growth in the new world economy depends on the successful conception of strategies that involve the use and creation of knowledge at the center of the process of economic development. Part II describes the scale and depth of the changes unleashed by the knowledge economy and the consequent need for a new enterprise organization centered in change, innovation, operational efficiency and sustainability. Part III discusses the origin, distinctive characteristics and the value that a corporate university may add to the business. Part IV analyzes two experiences of the concept s implementation one in Brazil and another one abroad that help to illustrate in what measure current corporate practices adhere to the proposed structure. The methodological approach consisted of exploratory research, with the purpose of advancing current propositions on the subject. The proposed model is utilized to assess the maturity level of two implementations of the concept in the corporate world. As conclusion, we underscore that corporate universities represent a clear evolution in comparison with current T&D departments and a privileged way of qualifying a company s workforce for the achievement of lasting competitive advantage. As a suggestion for future research, we recommend an investigation on the extent to which corporate universities help attract and retain the human capital of an organization / O objetivo do presente trabalho é apresentar uma proposta de universidade corporativa, tendo em vista a necessidade das empresas de alcançar novos patamares de produtividade e competitividade. O argumento apresentado é que o conhecimento tornou-se fator dominante na vida econômica das sociedades e, como tal, deve ganhar centralidade nas estratégias de países e empresas que queiram sobreviver e prosperar. No âmbito das empresas, em particular, as universidades corporativas têm provado ser um instrumento para o desenvolvimento do capital humano, amplificando as chances de sucesso dessas organizações em um mundo caracterizado pela mudança, complexidade e globalização. Essa dissertação está organizada em quatro partes, no decurso das quais o autor procura fundamentar seus pressupostos e proposições. A Parte I trata da emergência do que alguns autores convencionaram chamar de a economia do conhecimento. Argumentamos que conhecimento é, agora, a forma básica de capital e que crescimento econômico sustentável na nova economia mundial depende da concepção bem-sucedida de estratégias que envolvam o uso e a criação de conhecimento no centro do processo de desenvolvimento econômico. A Parte II descreve a escala e profundidade das mudanças desencadeadas pela economia do conhecimento e a conseqüente necessidade de uma nova organização empresarial centrada em mudança, inovação, eficiência operacional e sustentabilidade. A Parte III apresenta as origens, características distintivas e o valor que uma universidade corporativa pode agregar ao negócio. A Parte IV descreve duas experiências de implementação do conceito - uma no Brasil e outra no exterior permitindo ilustrar em que medida as práticas empresariais atuais se aproximam da estrutura proposta. O método utilizado consistiu de pesquisa exploratória, tendo-se como objetivo evoluir as proposições atuais sobre o tema. O modelo proposto é utilizado para avaliar o grau de maturidade de duas implementações do conceito no mundo corporativo. Como conclusão do trabalho, tem-se que a universidade corporativa representa uma clara evolução com relação aos atuais departamentos de T&D e uma forma privilegiada de se qualificar a força de trabalho para a conquista de vantagens competitivas duráveis. Como sugestão para novas pesquisas, recomendamos investigar em que medida as UC têm servido para atrair e reter o capital humano das organizações

La théorie des ressources affirme que les avantages concurrentiels résident dans la mobilisation des actifs précieux qui sont difficiles à imiter. L'Approche du Capital Immatériel (ACI) prolonge cet argument en étudiant ces ressources; plus particulièrement celles qui sont fondées sur la connaissance et qui peuvent être classifiées dans l'une des catégories suivantes: Capital Humain, Capital Structurel, ou Capital Relationnel.Cette thèse cherche à évaluer l'ACI en tant que cadre pour rechercher les conditions favorables permettant aux entreprises d'innover en créant des nouveaux biens et services (produits). Spécifiquement, ce projet doctoral vise à analyser les rôles de chaque type de capital immatériel dans l'innovation de produits. Fondée sur des données européennes, cette thèse examine différents types d'entreprises (nouvelles, petites et moyennes entreprises, et grandes entreprises) et les secteurs d'activités (y compris l'industrie et les services). Le Chapitre 1 examine le capital humain et d'autres déterminants du taux de création d'entreprises dans les villes européennes. Ensuite, le Chapitre 2 examine l'impact de la diffusion des connaissances sur la façon dont l'investissement en R&D interne apporte à l'innovation de produits. Puis, le Chapitre 3 utilise le concept de capacité d'absorption pour explorer comment les similarités des actifs immatériels entre les entreprises sont associées à la performance de leur capital relationnel.En général, ce projet doctoral souligne que l'ACI fournit un cadre propice pour formuler et vérifier des hypothèses concernant les moteurs de l'innovation de produits. Il permet de mener des études portant sur la façon dont les entreprises mobilisent leurs actifs immatériels afin de développer et commercialiser de nouveaux produits. Par ailleurs, cette approche facilite l'interprétation des résultats afin de recommander des décisions managériales et des politiques publiques visant à articuler davantage les pratiques des entreprises. / The resource-based view of the firm argues that competitive advantages lie in the use of valuable resources that are difficult to emulate. The intellectual capital-based view (ICV) extends this argument by studying such resources; particularly intangible (or knowledge) assets that may be classified in three main components: human, structural, and relational capital.This thesis aims to evaluate the ICV as a framework for understanding the favorable conditions that allow firms to innovate by creating new goods and services (i.e., products). Specifically, this thesis seeks to analyze the specific roles of each capital capital component in product innovation. Using European data, it covers an ample range of firm types (i.e, nascent firms, small and medium-sized enterprises, and large firms) and business sectors (including manufacturing and services). Chapter 1 investigates human capital and other determinants of business creation as a measure of entrepreneurship in European cities. Chapter 2 examines the impact of knowledge spillovers on in-house R&D investment and innovation performance in firms. Chapter 3 leverages the concept of absorptive capacity to explore whether similar configurations of IC are associated with the performance of relational capital in companies.Overall, this dissertation finds that the ICV provides a fertile ground to formulate and test hypotheses concerning the drivers of product innovation. It allows to focus research on how companies mobilize intangible assets in order to develop and commercialize new goods and services. Furthermore, this approach provides several lessons for managers and policy recommendations that may help to articulate corporate practices.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-10-31T17:51:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Newton Braga Rosa_.pdf: 1646152 bytes, checksum: 73ab1c9fe5ca1982f613450c5c7dce82 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-31T17:51:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Newton Braga Rosa_.pdf: 1646152 bytes, checksum: 73ab1c9fe5ca1982f613450c5c7dce82 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-06-24 / Nenhuma / O estudo trata da descentralização de políticas públicas de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (CT&I) do governo federal para os municípios. As políticas públicas de CT&I são, cada vez mais, essenciais para o desenvolvimento economicamente viável e sustentável de uma nação. Assim, governos ao redor do mundo investem em empresas e sistemas de inovação como forma de manter a competitividade em uma economia cada vez mais global. Paradoxalmente, apesar da crescente relevância política, social e econômica das cidades no mundo, seu papel tem sido subestimado nas políticas nacionais de CT&I no Brasil. No plano teórico, o presente estudo apoia-se em duas vertentes temáticas: o desenvolvimento regional na economia do conhecimento e a descentralização federativa. Nesse contexto, o estudo interroga sobre como inserir o município nas políticas nacionais de CT&I. O estudo busca evidências empíricas nas relações intergovernamentais da descentralização e em dois estudos de caso, nas cidades brasileiras de Porto Alegre e São Leopoldo, ambas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, escolhidas pelos bons resultados na promoção de sistemas empresariais de inovação. A pesquisa chegou a alguns resultados como: (a) a mobilização dos governos em torno de políticas públicas em CT&I continua sendo crucial para o desenvolvimento de empresas e sistemas empresariais de base tecnológica; (b) os municípios mostram capacidade de criar políticas públicas de CT&I, como marcos regulatórios, estruturas organizacionais, mecanismos de incentivo e sistemas de governança; (c) a descentralização via municípios pode melhorar a capilaridade e a eficácia de programas nacionais, fortalecendo sistemas regionais de inovação e complementando políticas federais de CT&I; (d) os municípios são entes federados plenos que têm poder político e econômico para influir e promover ajustes nas políticas públicas federais de CT&I. / This thesis discusses decentralization of national public policies on Science, Technology and Innovation (ST&I) from the federal to the city government. Governments around the world have been supporting companies and innovation systems because of their relevance to economic viability and national sustainable development. However, despite the increasing political, social and economic relevance of cities worldwide, their role has been underestimated in national ST&I policies. In this context, this study considers how municipal decentralization of national ST&I policies enhances capillarity, efficiency and the strengthening of regional systems of innovation. The study offers empirical evidence of intergovernmental relationships of decentralization through the case studies of two Brazilian cities: Porto Alegre and São Leopoldo, which were selected because of their comparatively good results in promoting companies and systems of innovation in comparison to other Brazilian cities. The main conclusions of the study are: (a) federal government public policy promotion in ST&I remains crucial to the development of entrepreneurial technologically-based systems; (b) municipalities are capable of mobilizing resources, structuring incentive mechanisms, articulating actors, and organizing governance systems; (c) decentralization via municipalities can improve capillarity and effectiveness, strengthening regional innovation systems and consequently complementing national ST&I policies; (d) increased political and economic power of city governments can promote improvements in federal policies of ST&I.

<p>Предмет истраживања ове дисертације је економија знања и дугорочна одрживост организација у том амбијенту. Проблем истраживања су кључне карактеристике, организациона култура и колаборативна клима, које утичу на успешност организација у економији знања. Циљ истраживања је да се утврде утицајни фактори кључних карактеристика и анализира њихова значајност и разлике у економијама у транзицији и економијама знања. Циљ дисертације је анализа утицаја типа индустрије којој организација припада, типа власништва, и позиције запосленог у организацији на значај утицајних фактора како у економији у транзицији, тако и у развијеној економији. Вредност резултата je утврђен скуп фактора који значајно утичу на успешност oрганизација.</p> / <p>Predmet istraživanja ove disertacije je ekonomija znanja i dugoročna održivost organizacija u tom ambijentu. Problem istraživanja su ključne karakteristike, organizaciona kultura i kolaborativna klima, koje utiču na uspešnost organizacija u ekonomiji znanja. Cilj istraživanja je da se utvrde uticajni faktori ključnih karakteristika i analizira njihova značajnost i razlike u ekonomijama u tranziciji i ekonomijama znanja. Cilj disertacije je analiza uticaja tipa industrije kojoj organizacija pripada, tipa vlasništva, i pozicije zaposlenog u organizaciji na značaj uticajnih faktora kako u ekonomiji u tranziciji, tako i u razvijenoj ekonomiji. Vrednost rezultata je utvrđen skup faktora koji značajno utiču na uspešnost organizacija.</p> / <p>The research subject of this thesis is the knowledge economy and the long-term sustainability of organizations in this environment. The research problem are key characteristics, organizational culture and collaborative climate, which affect the performance of organizations in the knowledge economy. The goal of the research is to determine the influential factors of key characteristics and analyze differences between economies in transition and knowledge economies. The goal of the thesis is to analyze the impact of the type of industry to which the organization belongs, the type of ownership and the position in the organization to the importance of influential factors in the transitional economy, as well as in the developed economy.The value of the result is set of factors that significantly affect organizational performance.</p>

This thesis examines the roles of the New Zealand university in a knowledge society. Gaps in the literature of the New Zealand university in a contemporary context mean that the enquiry is informed by European and North American discussions of the educational requirements of a knowledge society. As the notions of the knowledge society and a liberal university education are both problematic and central to this enquiry, they are interrogated, in the second chapter, in some depth. A second review examines the work, recommendations and subsequent legislative outcomes of the Tertiary Education Advisory Commission (TEAC) policy process of 1999 to 2003. The principles of critical theory and critical policy scholarship inform these interpretative textual analyses. The two review chapters, which follow the introductory chapter, comprise the first part of the thesis. A description of the methodological framework employed throughout the project and a report of the findings of a survey of stakeholders follow. The discussion chapter comprises the third and final part of the thesis. The thesis seeks to distinguish the notion of the knowledge society from that of the neo-liberal approach to social and economic management. I argue that the notion of the knowledge society is viable in a range of socio-economic conditions. I suggest that the educational requirements of a knowledge society are better addressed when the scope of a university education is framed by holistic individual, social, and economic determinants, rather than rigid ideological imperatives such as those characteristic of neo-liberalism. A combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies is employed. Primary data are gathered by way of a postal questionnaire. The perceptions of three cohorts of stakeholders of the New Zealand university are analysed using both statistical and interpretative tools. Data gathered through a review of the literature of the university in relation to the notion of the knowledge society in New Zealand, North America, and various European contexts are analysed using a combination of critical and interpretive approaches. The major finding to emerge from the enquiry is that stakeholders of the New Zealand university associate an effective university education with breadth of learning. The notion of a liberal university education, with its attendant beyond-vocation curriculum assumptions, is not considered anachronistic by the majority of stakeholders surveyed during this project. Public and private sector employers and university students strongly associate a liberal university education with effective preparation for participation in a knowledge-intensive environment. Year 13 secondary students are less certain. A secondary finding is that most stakeholders consider that the research activities of the university academic should continue to inform university teaching, but that the teaching role is of growing importance, and therefore worthy of greater emphasis, in the context of a knowledge society. The project is intended to provoke further discussion around the relationship between the New Zealand university and the knowledge society. To date there has been little academic consideration of this relationship. The contribution of this thesis, relative to this gap, is therefore significant.

以知識經濟為主導之社會在二十一世紀，已經成為經社發展及國家競爭力不可或缺的主導要素。而知識經濟除了代表現今社會所依賴的是人的知識技能之外，另方面也意謂著貧富差距日益擴大，因為運用知識技能所創造出來的財富，遠超過以往工業時代的資本積累。知識經濟帶給勞動市場之衝擊，亦將直接或間接的影響到職業訓練之發展。 本文旨在從知識經濟時代的角度出發，研究職業訓練有哪些重要發展？國際組織就此所做出相關之規範措施有哪些？我國現行職業訓練制度是否能因應知識經濟所帶來之挑戰等，並進一步以宏觀的角度，將職業訓練制度分成「組織架構」、「政策規劃」、「財務經費」、「成效評估」等四方面，檢視我國職業訓練制度之問題所在並提出相關建議，以期對國家未來職訓建構方向有所助益。

dc.contributor.author Kamara, Abu dc.description.abstract The international student population in Canada has increased significantly in the last decade. While we know a lot about the experiences of international students in general, we don’t know a lot about the specific experiences of international students in Halifax, Nova Scotia. Given that universities in the region have identified international student recruitment as part of their internationalization strategies, expanding our knowledge about international students’ experiences in Halifax not only has strong implications for universities, but also for provincial and local governments who see them as potential immigrants. Consequently, key research objectives for this study were to expand our understanding of the personal experiences of international students in Halifax, and to identify gatekeepers whose actions impact the experiences of international students. Two studies were designed using qualitative methodology. Study I investigated the personal experiences of international students in Halifax, Nova Scotia, while the main objective for Study II was to identify gatekeepers in the city whose actions are shaping the contexts of international student experiences. Interviews were conducted with international students from Saint Mary’s University, Mount Saint Vincent University, and Dalhousie University using a semi structured, open-ended interview method. The data was transcribed and coded using grounded theory method. Results from Study I suggest that while international students regularly turn to formal support networks, such as the international student center for immigration and employment related assistance, the majority of students interviewed for this dissertation also expressed strong preference for informal support networks. Specific individuals identified by study participants as belonging to informal support networks included friends, family members, and members of on-and off-campus organizations. Results from Study II suggest that internationalization in Canada is providing new ways for universities to help address local economic and demographic concerns. In sum, results from Study I suggest that international students rely on both formal and informal support networks to address the challenges they are facing in Canada, while findings from Study II suggest that demographic needs, and the expansion of the knowledge economy will continue to push universities to bigger and more central roles in the growth of cities.

No description available.

Inspiré par la réflexion quant aux nouvelles formes d’organisation du travail de la nouvelle économie, ce mémoire s’intéresse à la question des heures supplémentaires non formellement rémunérées chez une frange de travailleurs hautement qualifiés, les concepteurs de jeux vidéo. Très innovantes pour les employeurs, ces formes d’organisation, en particulier l’organisation par projets, ne sont pas sans poser des problèmes aux travailleurs. À l’instar des travailleurs du savoir qui sont souvent prêts à investir de longues heures au travail, les concepteurs de jeux vidéo travaillent fréquemment en heures supplémentaires. Or ces heures supplémentaires sont non seulement non rémunérées, mais elles sont aussi longues et fréquentes. Comment en vient-on à faire accepter aux concepteurs cette situation, sans toutefois exiger d’eux qu’ils travaillent en heures supplémentaires? Pour explorer cette question, les discours de 53 concepteurs de jeux vidéo montréalais ont été analysés. Les résultats de cette recherche dévoilent une explication basée sur un système informel de récompenses et de châtiments qui induit chez la majorité des concepteurs de jeux interrogés une propension à travailler en heures supplémentaires non rémunérées. / Inspired by the reflection made on the new forms of work organization system brought by the new economy, this M. Sc. Thesis is interested in unlimited overtime informally compensated for, among a highly skilled group of workers: video game developers. Innovative from employer’s standpoint, these types of organization system, in particular the project-based system does generate problems for the workers. Like the knowledge workers who are willing to invest long hours of work, the video game developers frequently work overtime. Not only is this overtime unpaid, but also it is long and frequent. How does management come to make the developers consent to such a demand, without requiring them to work overtime? To explore this question, we analyzed the interviews done with 53 designers from the Montreal’s video game industry. Indeed, interviews revealed that a majority of game developers make unlimited unpaid overtime on a regular basis. The results of this research offer an explanation based on an informal system of rewards and punishments.