A relação existente entre os habitantes e a cidade em que vivem está intimamente ligada à forma de utilização do espaço urbano. Atualmente, nas grandes metrópoles, estamos assistindo uma situação bastante preocupante, onde esta utilização do espaço urbano vendo sendo traduzida em poluição visual. Neste contexto, a problemática da poluição visual é muito nova e ainda muito vinculada às leis de zoneamento e leis de aplicação da publicidade no espaço urbano, que são específicas para cada localidade e não levam em consideração a complexidade das relações inerentes ao fenômeno. A poluição visual carece até de uma definição precisa. O que é poluição visual? A tônica desta dissertação de mestrado é analisar um ambiente poluído através de seu levantamento histórico e iconográfico. O local utilizado como exemplo será uma rua da capital paulista, a 25 de março, onde encontraremos realidade dinâmica rica em detalhes históricos, culturais, sociais, econômicos e políticos. / The relation between the citizens and the city they live is inner connected with the way they use the urban space. Nowadays, in the big cities, we are experiencing a very worried situation, when the urban space is being translated in visual pollution. In this context, the visual pollution problematic is very new and it is connected with city laws and advertising application policies in public spaces, which are specific to each place and do not consider the complexity relations that surround the phenomena. The visual pollution don\'t have a precise definition. What is visual pollution? This dissertation tonic is to analyze a polluted environment through your historic and iconographic development. The site used as an example will be a street located in São Paulo capital, 25 de março street, where we will find a dynamic reality, rich in historic, cultural, economic and politic details.

A atualidade é marcada pela descoberta contínua dos interstícios disciplinares como catalisadores de toda sorte de práticas; expressões como \"Campo ampliado\" e \"Complexo artearquitetura\" são chamadas para refletir como tais arranjos acontecem especialmente na confluência entre a arquitetura e as artes. A pesquisa busca localizar, na passagem dos anos 1960 aos 1980, um debate que solicitou desses campos a reconfiguração de seus instrumentos de análise, de crítica, de abordagem à forma, e mesmo uma nova inscrição de seus significados e abrangências: o cruzamento das trajetórias intelectuais da teórica e crítica de arte Rosalind Krauss e do arquiteto e teórico Peter Eisenman no The Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies - IAUS, sediado em Nova York de 1967 a 1985. O instituto colocou-se como núcleo da pesquisa interdisciplinar de seu tempo ao promover cursos, conferências, mostras, publicações, e ao legar dois periódicos especializados que encaminhariam as agendas da arquitetura e das artes nas décadas seguintes, respectivamente, Oppositions: A Jornal for Ideas and Criticism in Architecture (1973-1984) e October (1976 até o presente). O estudo passa pelas proposições questionadoras da primazia do suporte artístico no minimalismo até a cristalização dessas dinâmicas no ensaio \"A escultura no campo ampliado\", de Krauss; e pela verificação, no início dos anos 1960, da necessidade pela reelaboração das questões de relevância para a arquitetura e para o urbanismo, que levariam ao sentido autocrítico investido na noção de autonomia disciplinar, e ao sentido autorreferencial da autonomia da forma arquitetônica, como engendrado por Eisenman. As experiências que assumiriam o espaço físico como constitutivo do trabalho artístico contrastam em diversos níveis com a modalidade conceitual perscrutada por essa arquitetura. Alguns dos pontos de apoio compartilhados pelos movimentos teóricos em questão são as noções de objeto, ambiente, formalismo, linguagem, modernismo e pós-modernismo. Mantendo entre si relações de complementaridade, de reciprocidade, de contradição, o empréstimo a tais categorias entre disciplinas é compreendido em vista de um segundo plano institucional. / The current situation is marked by the continuous discovery of the disciplinary interstices as Catalysts of all kinds of practices; Expressions such as \"Expanded Field\" and \"Complexo artearquitetura\" Are called to reflect how such arrangements Confluence between architecture and the arts. The research seeks to locate, over the years 1960 to the 1980s, a debate that called for these areas to reconfigure their Instruments of analysis, criticism, approach to form, and even a new inscription of Their meanings and scope: the crossing of the intellectual trajectories of the theoretical and critical Rosalind Krauss and the architect and theorist Peter Eisenman at The Institute for Architecture and Urban Studies - IAUS, headquartered in New York from 1967 to 1985. The Has placed himself as the core of interdisciplinary research of his time while promoting courses, Conferences, exhibitions, publications, and by bequeathing two specialized journals Would move the agendas of architecture and the arts in the following decades, Respectively, Oppositions: The Journal for Ideas and Criticism in Architecture (1973-1984) and October (1976 to present). The study goes through the questioning propositions of primacy Of artistic support in minimalism until the crystallization of these dynamics in the essay \"The sculpture In the extended field \", by Krauss; And the verification, in the early 1960s, of the need By the re-elaboration of issues of relevance to architecture and urbanism, which Would lead to the self-critical sense invested in the notion of disciplinary autonomy, and to the sense Self-referential autonomy of the architectural form, as engendered by Eisenman. At Experiences that would take physical space as constitutive of artistic work contrast In several levels with the conceptual modality examined by this architecture. Some of Points of support shared by the theoretical movements in question are the notions of Object, environment, formalism, language, modernism and postmodernism. Keeping each other Relations of complementarity, of reciprocity, of contradiction, the loan to such Between disciplines is understood in view of a second institutional plan.

Children living in the Mamelodi Township of Tshwane and affected by HIV and AIDS have their own unique challenges they face everyday. These challenges include the poverty context of the township and the stigmatising effect of the community towards these children, compounded by very difficult extended family circumstances and also the struggle with their own identity crisis in the specific developmental phases in which these children find themselves. The focus of this study was to listen to the stories of children affected by HIV and AIDS in the midst of the bereavement process. The emotional responses of children affected by HIV and AIDS within child-headed households experiencing difficulties were identified and explored. A narrative research design was used to capture a chapter in the life stories of three (3) children affected by HIV and AIDS as well as a caregiver who died of AIDS before I completed this study. Data was collected by means of individual interviews, group sessions, and letters which the children wrote to God and the field notes in the form of journal entries written by the researcher, as well as individual feedback and collaboration sessions with the specific caregivers. Data was analysed by means of several phases of theme analysis after which - through a final analysis - psycho-social, emotional and economic response themes were identified. This study found that children affected by HIV/AIDS experience complex emotions in response to their plight. The strongest emotional response themes that emerged, which were reported by all the children were frustration, happiness and love. The more negative emotional responses were mentioned in relation to the feeling that they were being stigmatised in school as well as in their community. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2009. / Practical Theology / unrestricted

A relação existente entre os habitantes e a cidade em que vivem está intimamente ligada à forma de utilização do espaço urbano. Atualmente, nas grandes metrópoles, estamos assistindo uma situação bastante preocupante, onde esta utilização do espaço urbano vendo sendo traduzida em poluição visual. Neste contexto, a problemática da poluição visual é muito nova e ainda muito vinculada às leis de zoneamento e leis de aplicação da publicidade no espaço urbano, que são específicas para cada localidade e não levam em consideração a complexidade das relações inerentes ao fenômeno. A poluição visual carece até de uma definição precisa. O que é poluição visual? A tônica desta dissertação de mestrado é analisar um ambiente poluído através de seu levantamento histórico e iconográfico. O local utilizado como exemplo será uma rua da capital paulista, a 25 de março, onde encontraremos realidade dinâmica rica em detalhes históricos, culturais, sociais, econômicos e políticos. / The relation between the citizens and the city they live is inner connected with the way they use the urban space. Nowadays, in the big cities, we are experiencing a very worried situation, when the urban space is being translated in visual pollution. In this context, the visual pollution problematic is very new and it is connected with city laws and advertising application policies in public spaces, which are specific to each place and do not consider the complexity relations that surround the phenomena. The visual pollution don\'t have a precise definition. What is visual pollution? This dissertation tonic is to analyze a polluted environment through your historic and iconographic development. The site used as an example will be a street located in São Paulo capital, 25 de março street, where we will find a dynamic reality, rich in historic, cultural, economic and politic details.

In the course of this thesis, decisive problematizations, in the Foucauldian sense, around Viktor Šklovskij’s early Russian Formalism shall be the object of re-problematizations. More precisely, a careful look will be taken at re-problematizations around theoretical aspects regarding Šklovskij’s paradigmatic reductionist model, primarily as it is introduced in his article Art as device (1917), described most notably by Aage Hansen-Löve and Wolf Schmid in Der Russische Formalismus (1978) and Slavische Erzähltheorie (2010), Elemente der Narratologie (2014) as well as Grundthemen der Literaturwissenschaft: Erzählen (2018) respectively. The thesis will distinguish four main problematizations divided into two parts, taking the Marxist-Leninist debate on Formalism stirred by People’s Commissar Trotsky and the Nietzschean Dionysian-Apollonian dichotomy characteristic of Russian Modernism as its starting points, encompassing the problematizations as a whole. The initial part of the thesis will address re-problematizations around Šklovskij’s formalist polemics with and misinterpretation of Alexandr Potebnja’s Humboldtian theories, as they appear chiefly in the monograph Thought and Language (1862), in order to illustrate how Šklovskij’s frames a continuum with Potebnja descending from the teachings of Wilhelm von Humboldt. The re-problematizations shall be underpinned by Victor Erlich in Russian Formalism. History – Doctrine (1980), Jacqueline Fontaine in La « innere Form » : de Potebnja aux formalistes (2006) and Serge Tchougounnikov in The formal method in Germany and Russia: the beginnings of European psycholinguistics (2018). The second part of the thesis will foreground the (French) (post)structuralist discourse which, according to this thesis, shapes the formation of problematizations around Šklovskij’s immanent reductionism against the backdrop of Boris Tomaševskij’s interpretation of Formalism in Teorija literatury. Poetika (1925) and also the ideological exchange of the 1920s, assuming this backdrop as part of a definitive understanding and materialist critique of Šklovskij’s reductionist terminology, the homogeneity of its outcome, and what Wolf Schmid calls its anti-substantialism particularly in regards to the binary concept fabula and sjužet. The re-problematizations evolve around what is taken as a materialist solution to these problematizations, which annulls the Aristotelian significance of sjužet as energeia by replacing it with ergon. The discussion will take its point of departure in Göran Sonesson’s article Semiotics of art, life, and thought: Three scenarios for (post)modernity (2011) and search the basis for Sonesson’s argument in Roland Barthes’ article Ecrivains et écrivants (1960). By highlighting Šklovskij’s early Formalism as a mode of experiencing Art on its own terms, this thesis aims to revive its aesthetic principle and the question whether it can enlighten modern literary science.

Miroslava Mayerová Abstract Annotation Mayerová, Miroslava: Art group 12/15 and its position in the Czech art after year 1989. [Diploma thesis] Prague, 2019. Charles University in Prague, Faculty of education, Art education department. Title of the Diploma's Thesis: Art group 12/15 and its position in the Czech art after year 1989 ABSTRACT: The aim of the thesis is to describe and analyze the position of the Art Group 12/15 Better Late than never at Czech art scene after the year 1989, with an emphasis on generational changes and postmodern turn. In didactic part, the intention was to establish the awareness of the art group in the minds of students and, based on interdisciplinary ties, to repeat and broaden their knowledge of contexts. The theoretical part of the thesis is based on historical, art-historical and social science literature. To illustrate the time, atmosphere and position of Group 12/15 as precisely as possible, semi-structured and unstructured interviews with the group members themselves were used as a methodology. The diploma thesis shows that Group 12/15 and its generation are the bridge between the 2nd avant-garde, postmodern and contemporary art, maintaining the continuity of the Czech art scene. The didactic and practical part points out the importance of intergenerational discussion...

The purpose of this paper is to show the similarities between two authors, who both have been very successful in Italy and abroad. They are the 14th century writer Giovanni Boccaccio and the contemporary author Andrea Camilleri. I compare five short stories by Camilleri published in his books Gran circo Taddei and La regina di Pomerania and five short stories from Decameron. My aim is to show that they, although more than 600 years apart, have a common angle of approach when it comes to describing how women, seemingly subordinate and compliant, not rarely manage to achieve their aim even if it is trivial, low and not at all focused on changing the world. I also want to elucidate the fact that both writers not rarely let their female characters act as accomplices, that there is a female solidarity between them and that they seem to hav an energy and vigour that men seem to lack. The man on the other hand is often described as weak, as a false authority, who changes into a tool, a diversion in the hands of the woman. Besides this I make an analysis of the "false" short story by Boccaccio, Antonello da Palermo, written by Camilleri to see if it can fall into the genre of rewriting of classical works, which is typical of postmodernism, simply if it fulfills the criteria of such a rewriting.

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The study explores, through a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the existence of Mode 2 knowledge and programmes in the South African higher education sector. It begins by theorising about knowledge and takes as a point of departure the propositions about theory-building which state that to explain social phenomena, a system of ideas is required, the conceptual tools of which are able to explain the essential dynamics of such phenomena. It goes on to describe a crisis in a system of ideas that, together with valid critiques, demands to be re-examined as well as the potential for advancing alternative lines of thought. A critical reading and understanding of existing theories leads me to believe that independently, they are all inadequate to explain the relationship between knowledge production and South African higher education in an era of globalisation. This includes the all-encompassing framework of neo-Marxism, the excessive consumerism of academic capitalism, the equation of the worker with modern technology in post-industrialism and the`lax relativity', complacent and, indiscriminate celebration of diversity in post-modernism. By combining the `culturally sensitive' critical post-modernism of William Tierney and George Subotzky with the concept of `late capitalism' as proposed by Frederic Jameson, it is possible to establish a relationship between globalisation and South African higher education on the one hand, and between its' policy and knowledge production on the other. Against the features of the newly proffered theoretical framework of `critical postmodernism in late capitalism', the study examines the new higher education policy and legislation and ensuing discourse, with particular reference to the Gibbons thesis. It then explores, by using an empirical investigation, the extent to which Mode 2 knowledge production exists in South African higher education. This is done through a selected programme from a former technikon in that demonstrates the key assumptions and perceptions about Mode 2 as held by lecturing staff and as embedded in the structure, design and content of the programme. With the results obtained the study finally makes recommendations for the establishment of a paradigm-shift and for new practices in knowledge production in higher education in South Africa. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Comparative Education)

Text in Afrikaans / I wanted to investigate the way people experienced confessional pastoral therapy by conducting a qualitative research study. The role of the pastor were examined as well as the effect of discourses of power and ethics in pastoral counseling. I interviewed clients who were counseled by pastors of the AFM Church (Apostolic Faith Mission). The research supposes that knowledge and power discourses have a major influence in pastoral counseling which is often not accounted for. I wanted to see how clients experienced the effects of these discourses of power and ethics. I furthermore wanted to see how these power discourses could result in clients feeling subordinate to the pastor and his knowledge and the effect that these feelings might have on them. The purpose of this study was not to generalize the experiences of the participants, but rather to set a contextual background of the experiences of power in confessional pastoral counseling. / Practical Theology / M. Th. (Pastorale Terapie)