No description available.

This thesis describes the development of a device called "Oil Separator" which is used for washing vehicles and particularly car washing. The device developed for Mr. Car Bilvård AB in Uppsala, the company's work involves passenger transport and courier services. The company needs an external device that meets the environmental standards to wash their own cars in the premises without the need to modify or reconstruct on the premises ground as the premises is on a leased contract. Work began with a preliminary study on the literatures that describes both the function and structure of designing the device. A few interviews with other car wash companies had been implemented, and some measurements. After collection of the necessary information the specifications of customer requirement was presented . With these requirements a few concepts was generated and weighed using the Pugh matrix for concepts selection for further development. The final concept was further developed and a design has been presented. A design of the washing place was taken up also which does not require any change in the premises by putting it on the ground. A functional smaller prototype of the oil separator was developed and tested.

[pt] Grandes projetos de engenharia como prédios e infraestrutura urbana demandam milhões em investimentos e estreita colaboração entre equipes de especialistas ao longo de vários anos de projeto, construção e operação. Para vencer estes desafios, a indústria de Arquitetura, Engenharia e Construção (AEC) está ativamente desenvolvimento métodos e ferramentas baseadas na Modelagem da Informação da Construção (BIM). BIM promove o uso de modelos CAD 3D como uma base de dados centralizada para todas as características físicas e funcionais de uma instalação e suas informações associadas de projeto e ciclo de vida. A complexidade inerente de um modelo BIM oferece um desafio crítico de visualização: como melhor apresentar informações relevantes necessárias para diferentes análises de engenharia? Este trabalho contribui para responder esta questão através de uma abordagem teórica e prática. A tese primeiro apresenta uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o estado atual de visualização de informação (VIS) em pesquisas BIM. A revisão analisa em detalhe as visualizações adotadas em diversos casos de uso ao longo das fases do ciclo de vida de um projeto de engenharia. Baseado nesses resultados, a tese descreve a especificação e avaliação de um novo sistema 4D para planejamento da construção que supere várias limitações de trabalhos anteriores. Colaboradores de engenharia utilizaram o software para revisar os planos reais de construção de uma planta industrial de Óleo e Gás. As ferramentas de visualização desenvolvidas tornaram evidente incertezas no cronograma, conflitos de espaço de trabalho e outros problemas de construtibilidade. A tese contribui para pesquisas em BIM com importantes recomendações de visualização e também contribui para pesquisas de VIS ao trazer à tona desafios interessantes em um domínio de engenharia cada vez mais relevante. / [en] Large-scale engineering projects such as buildings and city infrastructure require millions in investments and tight coordination between expert teams across several years of design, construction, and operation. To tackle these challenges, the Architecture Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry is actively developing methods and tools based on Building Information Modeling (BIM). BIM promotes the use of 3D CAD models as a centralized database for all physical and functional characteristics of a facility and its related project/life-cycle information. The inherent complexity of a BIM model offers a critical visualization challenge: how to best display relevant information required by different engineering analyses? This work contributes to answering this question through both theoretical and practical approaches. The thesis first presents a systematic literature review on the current state of information visualization (VIS) in BIM research. The review analyzes in detail currently employed visualizations in diverse use cases across an engineering projects life cycle. Based on these findings, the thesis describes the design and evaluation of a novel 4D construction planning system that overcomes many limitations of previous work. Engineering collaborators used the software to review the real-world construction plans of an Oil and Gas industrial plant. The developed visualizations made evident schedule uncertainties, workspace conflicts and other constructability issues. The thesis contributes to BIM research with important visualization guidelines and also contributes to VIS research by raising awareness to interesting challenges in a increasingly relevant engineering domain.

Dieser Beitrag stellt ein neues, hybrides Modell für die Entwicklung mechanischer und mechatronischer Systeme vor. Ziel ist es, die derzeitig bestehende Lücke zwischen abstrakten Funktionsmodellen und sehr konkreten, geometrieorientierten 3D-CAD-Modellen zu überbrücken. Das hier vorgestellte SkiPo-Modell beschreibt die Interaktionen zwischen den Komponenten eines Systems basierend auf den zugehörigen Material-, Energie- und Signalflüssen. Ergänzt wird diese abstrakte Darstellung mit Skizzen, die wichtige Konstruktionsentscheidungen in einer strukturierten, semistandardisierten Weise dokumentieren. Das Ziel dieser hybriden Modellierung ist es, die unvermeidbaren Iterationen zwischen abstrakten und sehr detaillierten Betrachtungen von mechanischen und mechatronischen Systemen in der frühen Phase der Produktentstehung zu unterstützen. In Erprobungen mit Studentengruppen zeigte sich, dass dieser Modellierungsansatz das Verständnis und die Kommunikation im Team fördern kann.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine how material, vital for the designprocess (supporting documents) is handled throughout the entire process. From obtaining the material from the document-administer until the material is transformed and applicable in a BIM-software in the design-process. Method: The first method is a case study that contains semi-structured interviews with one large as well as one small design-firm in Sweden, but also the biggest client regarding infrastructure in Sweden. Secondly, the other part of this thesis work is to perform an experiment containing two parts where the first one is to examine supporting material of an ongoing infrastructure-project and evaluate the quality, as well as constructing conversion rules to evaluate how supporting documents can be implemented. Findings: All the respondents in the conducted survey reported that supporting material regarding electric-, telecommunication- and fibre-optic cables were supporting material with the lowest degree of accuracy. Furthermore, the most used file-format is DWG, but file-formats like PDF, JPG, XML and LAS are also file-formats that is used according to the respondents. All the respondents suggest that a standardised way of using supporting documents would be an efficient way of standardising the process. The findings from the experiment concluded that the most used file-format used as supporting material is DWG (79%), followed by PDF (21 %). The quality varied between different providers. Supporting material provided straight from the contractor in DWG had great or excellent quality. Material as PDF/JPG needed to be processed in order to be used in a BIM-software. The implementing of conversion rules resulted in way of implementing these. In order to use this, the supporting document needs to be digital, in this case as DWG-files. Well established ways of using colours, layers and names in the CAD-software is vital. Implications: In order to make the way of handling the supporting material more efficient, a standardised way of handling these need to be used, as well as standardised file-formats. By making the supporting material digital, this will make the material more accessible, thus is the quality of e.g. PDF and JPG “not sufficient” because a BIMuser must convert these files manually, which provide one source of error. Therefore, these files lack interoperability. Regarding the material provided by the contractor, the design-firm need to have direct communication with the provider of the supporting material to take advantage of DWG-files and use the same file-formats, layers etc., to reduce the time it takes to convert the supporting documents manually. Limitations: A limitation is that only one large and one small design-firm is analysed. One part of a complete BIM-software is used, so the external validity is low, because the result may only be used in another small design-firm with the same project configurations and programmes. The experiment, where Conversion Rules were examined did only embrace wells (water-systems). / Syfte: Syftet med detta examensarbete är att ta reda på hur underlagshanteringen ser ut igenom hela processen från tillhandahållning av underlaget till implementering i projekteringsprocessen. Metod: Den första är en fallstudie som består av kvalitativa semi-strukturerade intervjuer med en stor och en liten konsultfirma inom projekteringsprocessen, såväl som den största beställaren av infrastrukturprojekt i Sverige. Den andra delen är ett experiment som är uppdelat i två delar där den första är att ta reda på hur underlag ser ut och bedöma dessa i ett pågående infrastrukturprojekt. Den andra delen är att upprätta så kallade konverteringsregler för att importera underlag i en BIM-mjukvara. Resultat: Samtliga respondenter i intervjuerna svarade att underlag gällande el-, teleoch fiberoptikkablar är underlag med lägst grad av träffsäkerhet/noggrannhet. Vidare svarade respondenterna att DWG är filformatet som oftast används. Andra filformat som PDF, JPG, XML och LAS är även det filformat som används. Samtliga respondenter redogjorde även för vissa åtgärder som kan vidtas för att standardisera underlagshantering i branschen. Däribland efterfrågas en standardisering av underlagshantering gällande lagernamn, färger, filformat osv. I experimentet visade det sig att underlag i DWG-format svarar för (79 %) av underlagen, följt av PDF (21 %). Kvaliteten varierade mellan olika källor, där underlag tillhandahållna direkt av entreprenören i DWG hade bra eller utomordentlig kvalitet. Underlag i from av PDF/JPG måste omvandlas för hand för att kunna används i en BIM-mjukvara. Implementeringen av konverteringsregler resulterade i en arbetsgång för att implementera konverteringsregler i projekteringsprocessen. För att göra detta krävs underlag i DWG-format. Konsekvenser: För att göra underlagshanteringsprocessen mer effektiv, behövs ett standardiserat sätt att använda dessa, såväl som filformat. Genom att digitalisera underlag bidrar detta till att höja antagningsgraden i CAD- och BIM-mjukvaror. Således är kvalitén av exempelvis PDF och JPG ”inte tillräckligt” på grund av att en person manuellt måste omvandla dessa filer, som bidrar till en felkälla. Därav är interoperabiliteten bristfällig. Gällande material tillhandahållen av entreprenören, så måste en god kommunikation upprättas mellan de båda parterna för att dra nytta av underlag i DWG, och använda samma filformat, lager etcetera, för att reducera tidsåtgången i att konvertera exempelvis PDF-filer manuellt. Begränsningar: Endast en stor och en lite konsultfirma analyseras. Endast en del av en komplett BIM-mjukvara används, därav låg extern validitet, då resultatet endast kan appliceras i en annan liten konsultfirma med samma projekt-konfigurationer och program. I experimentet där konverteringsregler utreddes inkluderades endast brunnar (VA).

Tarkett AB is one of the world's largest companies that manufacture floors and operates in over 100 countries. Tarkett Ronneby is one of two larger recycling centers the company possesses, and they are currently recycling all of the spare material and waste material from the manufacturing processes. Customers to Tarkett are lately offered to bring back used floors to recycle the material. Currently, Tarkett is annually importing and recycling 17 000 tons of material from the production and their customers, and the amount of material handled is estimated to increase to 30 000 tons per year. To handle the amount of material Tarkett Ronneby is going to build a new recycling center. The initial research questions for this master thesis were:• How to dimension the recycling center to handle the predetermined capacity?• How to organise the transport of materials to handle the predetermined capacity?On a higher level, this contribution has also highlighted several findings in relation to the following research question:• How can Design Thinking be used in practice to design a warehouse?To answer the question of whether design thinking can be used as a method for developing a recycling center, this was used as a method. Design thinking was used in all the steps of the development process - to know about both explicit and tacit needs related to the development of the recycling center. Company visits allowed to emphasise with the different stakeholders for the solution, getting in touch with employees and learn more about the processes connected to the recycling center. During the ideation phase, brainstorming has been used to create ideas focusing on smaller parts of a solution. The generated ideas have been combined to create final ideas which were prototyped in a digital environment and the first two were also simulated in discrete-event simulation software. The result was more insights into the problem and an iteration to the define phase was conducted. The iterative nature of the Design Thinking process also meant that new needs were stated along the process and the research questions were redefined to the following:• How shall the predetermined units be stored to fit in the predetermined storage area?To solve this question, the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) was used to systematically explore solution strategies for the given problem and propose original ideas. The result is a final prototype in a digital environment showing how the structure of the units stored in the recycling center will look like. According to the model the warehouse will only consist of stackable units and the tent will consist of both stackable and non-stackable units. From the results, it is clear that an investment must be done to store the desired amount of units in the tent and in narrow aisle forklifts. The main future work will be to contact the forklift supplier used at Tarkett Ronneby, STILL, and order GX-X/GX-Q-forklifts, lay a concrete slab, and to update the placing software to cope with the changes and to maintain a high placing accuracy of the units.

No description available.

Digital transformation is changing the world with new technology being employed and changing how different industries approach their operations. The pressure of transformation is felt by the fashion industry, where the design process is changing through the use of new technology, such as 3D CAD systems for developing garments. However, the transformation of the fashion industry is slow and requires technology adoption. Technology adoption brings with it challenges, such as issues with compatibility between new and old systems along with disturbances to existing work processes. Technology adoption is made even more complex as the design process is often carried out through teams, and adoption of new technology being carried out by teams rather than just by individuals working alone. As the understanding of how teams work together to adopt and implement new technology is limited, it is of interest to study how teams adopt new technology in order to understand how to shape adoption in the future and keep up with the societal changes bringing and brought by digital transformation. This study therefore aims to explore how small design teams within the fashion industry adopt technology into their design process. This is done through a case study featuring a Swedish fashion firm, currently on a digital transformation journey. The study follows design teams in an adoption project working towards implementing a 3D CAD system into their existing design process. Data in this qualitative case study has been collected through the use of semi-structured interviews, observations and the review of internal and external documentation. Collected data has then been coded and compiled into a code structure that visualizes different levels of detail of the findings. This study reveals that small design teams successfully adopt new systems into their work process by setting realistic implementation goals together, collaborating closely within and outside the teams, and learning from each other. Teams utilize a participatory ergonomics approach to set goals and perceive immediate and potential improvements, similar to established models for technology adoption research. Team dynamics facilitate technology adoption among design teams. The introduction of new technology leads to changes in team interactions, fostering a stronger team culture and promoting understanding of how adoption affects different roles' workloads. This understanding prompts team members to reevaluate task transfers, prioritize knowledge sharing, and engage in collaborative problem-solving. Together, these findings lead to the introduction of the concept of collaborative adoption, in order to incorporate the main identified aspects of team adoption into one framework. / Digital transformation förändrar världen med ny teknik som används och förändrar hur olika branscher tar sig an sin verksamhet. Denna förändring upplevs av modeindustrin, där designprocessen förändras genom användning av ny teknik, såsom 3D CAD-system för att utveckla plagg. Men omvandlingen av modebranschen går långsamt och kräver teknikadoption. Teknikadoption för med sig utmaningar, såsom problem med kompatibilitet mellan nya och gamla system samt störningar i befintliga arbetsprocesser. Teknikadoption görs ännu mer komplex eftersom designprocessen ofta utförs avteam, och adoption av ny teknik då görs av team snarare än bara av individer som arbetar ensamma. Eftersom förståelsen för hur team samarbetar med att anta och implementera ny teknik är begränsad, är det av intresse att studera hur team anammar ny teknik för att förstå hur man kan forma adoption i framtiden och hänga med i de samhällsförändringar som digitaliseringen medför och för med sig. Denna studie syftar därför till att undersöka hur små designteam inom modeindustrin adopterar teknologi i sin designprocess. Detta kommer att ske genom en fallstudie med en svensk modeorganisation som just nu befinner sig på en digital transformationsresa. Studien följer designteam i ett adoptionsprojekt som arbetar med att implementera ett 3D CAD-system i sin befintliga designprocess. Data i denna kvalitativa fallstudie har samlats in genom användning av semistrukturerade intervjuer, observationer och granskning av intern och extern dokumentation. Insamlad data har sedan kodats och sammanställts till en kodstruktur som visualiserar olika detaljnivåer av fynden. Denna studie visar att små designteam framgångsrikt tar till sig nya system i sin arbetsprocess genom att sätta upp realistiska implementeringsmål tillsammans, samarbeta nära inom och utanför teamen och lära av varandra. Tidiga användare sätter upp mål och visualiserar omedelbara och potentiella förbättringar, liknande etablerade modeller för forskning om teknikadoption. Teamdynamik underlättar teknikadoption bland designteam för tidiga användare. Införandet av ny teknik leder till förändringar i teaminteraktioner, främjar en starkare teamkultur och främjar förståelsen för hur adoption påverkar olika rollers arbetsbelastning. Denna förståelse uppmanar teammedlemmar att omvärdera uppgiftsöverföringar, prioritera kunskapsdelning och engagera sig i samarbetande problemlösning. Tillsammans leder dessa resultat till introduktionen av konceptet för samarbetsadoption, för att införliva de viktigaste identifierade aspekterna av teamadoption i ett ramverk.

Dieser Beitrag stellt ein neues, hybrides Modell für die Entwicklung mechanischer und mechatronischer Systeme vor. Ziel ist es, die derzeitig bestehende Lücke zwischen abstrakten Funktionsmodellen und sehr konkreten, geometrieorientierten 3D-CAD-Modellen zu überbrücken. Das hier vorgestellte SkiPo-Modell beschreibt die Interaktionen zwischen den Komponenten eines Systems basierend auf den zugehörigen Material-, Energie- und Signalflüssen. Ergänzt wird diese abstrakte Darstellung mit Skizzen, die wichtige Konstruktionsentscheidungen in einer strukturierten, semistandardisierten Weise dokumentieren. Das Ziel dieser hybriden Modellierung ist es, die unvermeidbaren Iterationen zwischen abstrakten und sehr detaillierten Betrachtungen von mechanischen und mechatronischen Systemen in der frühen Phase der Produktentstehung zu unterstützen. In Erprobungen mit Studentengruppen zeigte sich, dass dieser Modellierungsansatz das Verständnis und die Kommunikation im Team fördern kann.

Submitted by GISELY ANDRESSA PIRES null (giselypires@utfpr.edu.br) on 2016-01-13T22:13:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 O CAD 3D aplicado na validação de protótipos na indústria do vestuário.pdf: 6699414 bytes, checksum: 3c9da5e2f41b1e2eebc435df7af8384f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-01-14T15:14:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pires_ga_me_bauru_int.pdf: 6699414 bytes, checksum: 3c9da5e2f41b1e2eebc435df7af8384f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-14T15:14:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pires_ga_me_bauru_int.pdf: 6699414 bytes, checksum: 3c9da5e2f41b1e2eebc435df7af8384f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-18 / Não recebi financiamento / A presente pesquisa discute sobre a prática do desenvolvimento de protótipos na indústria do vestuário. O protótipo refere-se à construção de um modelo que está em processo de teste para ser comercializado. Atualmente a forma mais difundida é a construção efetiva das peças, no entanto existe no mercado softwares que realizam essa atividade virtualmente. Assim, esse estudo tem por objetivo verificar a similaridade visual entre os protótipos virtuais e os produzidos no processo tradicional, tendo em vista caimento, forma e volume, para validação de novos projetos na indústria do vestuário. Para tanto, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa exploratória, e como forma de abordagem do problema foram realizados quatro experimentos que compreendem a construção de protótipos pela técnica virtual e a manual. / This research discusses the practice of prototyping in the apparel industry. The prototype relates to the construction of a model which is in testing process to be marketed. Currently the most widespread form is the actual construction of the pieces, However there is software on the market that perform this activity virtually. Thus, this study aims to verify the visual similarity between the virtual prototypes and those produced in the traditional process, in order to trim, shape and volume for validation of new projects in the clothing industry. To this end, an exploratory research was conducted, and as a way of addressing the problem were conducted four experiments which include the construction of prototypes for virtual and technical manual.