Submitted by Haroudo Xavier Filho (haroudo.xavierfo@ufpe.br) on 2016-10-06T12:56:21Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação Francisco Jackson.pdf: 7791709 bytes, checksum: 6549663dbdfd5a69f8d818c29a158d73 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-06T12:56:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação Francisco Jackson.pdf: 7791709 bytes, checksum: 6549663dbdfd5a69f8d818c29a158d73 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-31 / A pesquisa Lei de Acesso à Informação (LAI) e o Ministério Público de Pernambuco (MPPE) analisa a LAI e seus desdobramentos no MPPE no contexto da cidadania. Pressupõe que o acesso à informação requer organização e preservação das fontes e suportes documentais tangíveis e intangíveis, bem como políticas de informação com foco no cidadão. O estudo é exploratório, baseado em pesquisa de campo direcionada aos promotores e procuradores ativos do MPPE em setembro de 2015. Foram utilizados procedimentos de amostragem estratificada e aleatória simples, com sorteio dos sujeitos de pesquisa. Os resultados obtidos indicam a falta de comunicação das dimensões legais, políticas e sociais da LAI, atestam a relação indissociável entre LAI, MPPE e cidadania e demonstram a importância do acesso à informação para a missão e visão do MPPE. Alinhado ao Conselho Nacional do Ministério Público, o MPPE tem avançado na institucionalização da LAI e os membros preconizam a constitucionalidade da informação como direito fundamental e a cidadania como a efetivação das garantias constitucionais e sociais. Na prática, porém, a LAI não é exercida com efetividade, com foco no cidadão. A valorização dos documentos e informações como política institucional e cultural torna-se necessária como instrumento de identidade e cidadania. / The research Access to Information Act (AIA) and the Pernambuco Public Ministry (PPM) analyzes the AIA and its development in PPM in the context of citizenship. Assumes that information access requires organization and preservation of tangible and intangible documentary fountains and supports and information policies focused on citizen. The study is exploratory, based on field research directed to active promoters and prosecutors of PPM in September 2015. For this purpose, were used the stratified sampling procedures and simple random sampling with raffle of research subjects. The results indicate a lack of communication with the legal dimensions, political and social aspects of AIA, attest to the inseparable relationship between AIA, PPM and citizenship and demonstrate the importance of access to information for the mission and vision of PPM. Aligned with the National Council of the Public Ministry, the Pernambuco Public Ministry has advanced in the institutionalization of AIA and members advocate the constitutionality of information as a fundamental right and citizenship as the fulfillment of constitutional and social guarantees. In practice, however, the AIA is not exercised effectively, focusing on the citizen. The investment in enhancement of documents and information as institutional and cultural policy becomes necessary as instrument of identity and citizenship.

Esse trabalho explora a relação entre política externa e democracia a partir das reflexões sobre o acesso à informação na política externa brasileira com a inserção da temática ambiental no caso dos pneus, entre a controvérsia do Mercosul e o contencioso da OMC. Por meio de uma aproximação entre o instrumental teórico de análise de política externa e de políticas públicas foi possível questionar os limites do acesso à informação como condição para a participação de outros atores além do Ministério de Relações Exteriores (MRE) na redefinição da defesa do Brasil, com a inserção da temática ambiental, de uma instância para outra. A hipótese demonstrada refere-se à ampliação do acesso à informação que seguiu a ampliação dos espaços de definição da política externa no caso. Essa ampliação foi observada a partir do processo de descentralização dos espaços tradicionais de definição da política externa brasileira (MRE), com a inclusão, por exemplo, do Ministério do Meio Ambiente. No entanto, a tendência de ampliação do acesso à informação como condição para a participação de atores não governamentais, neste caso, mostrou-se limitada por uma conduta seletiva e informal pelos órgãos do governo para interlocução com determinados atores / This research aims at studying the relationship between foreign policy and democracy. The study focuses on access to information in Brazilian foreign policy through the introduction of the environmental arguments in the retreaded tyres dispute from Mercosur to the WTO (WT/DS332). The research was based on foreign and public policy analysis. These theoretical bases enabled to investigate the limits to a wider participation of actors other than the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MRE) on foreign policy. The research shows an enlargement on policy making with the integration of the environmental arguments which resulted, for instance, in the participation of the Ministry of the Environment. Subsequently, it was possible to notice a wider access to information to a whole new range of actors, including non state actors. Nevertheless, in the present case study the tendency to a democratic access to information found its limits on the selective and informal conduct of the MRE to interact with certain actors in certain circunstances

SAMMANFATTNING Nyckelord: barnröntgen, patientinformation, röntgensjuksköterska, barnkonventionen Bakgrund: För röntgensjuksköterskor är det utmanande att informera barnpatienter utifrån barnkonventionens riktlinjer, som är svensk lag sedan 2020.  Syfte: Syftet med denna enkätstudie var att ta reda på vilken patientinformation som röntgensjuksköterskan ansåg var viktig att ge till barnpatienter i samband med konventionell skelettröntgenundersökning samt vilka förutsättningar som var viktiga för att kunna tilldela den informationen. Ett ytterligare syfte var att ta reda på om röntgensjuksköterskan hade kännedom om barnkonventionen och dess betydelse i samband med barnröntgenundersökning samt om det fanns någon skillnad mellan röntgensjuksköterskor verksamma på sjukhus A och sjukhus B gällande deras uppfattning om information till barnpatienter.  Metod: En empirisk kvantitativ enkätstudie genomfördes. Urvalet bestod av röntgensjuksköterskor med erfarenhet att utföra konventionella skelettundersökningar på barn. Totalt 35 enkäter analyserades.  Resultat: Som viktigaste information valdes allmän strålsäkerhet och varför barnet ska ligga/sitta stilla. De viktigaste förutsättningarna för att ge information ansågs vara förberedda föräldrar, förberett röntgenlabb samt att vända sig till barnet vid samtal. Majoriteten svarade att röntgenmottagningarna inte erbjöd en barnanpassad miljö och instämde delvis till att kommunikationen skulle underlättas på ett barnanpassat labb. Röntgensjuksköterskorna instämmer till stor del att de har kännedom om barnkonventionens riktlinjer och att dessa har stor betydelse vid barnröntgenundersökningar. Ingen signifikant skillnad visades mellan sjukhusen. Slutsats: Respondenterna från sjukhusen enades om att viktigast att informera om var strålsäkerhet och vikten av att vara still. Röntgenmottagningarna ansågs inte ha en barnanpassad miljö. Röntgensjuksköterskornas kännedom om barnkonventionen behöver ständigt aktualiseras och diskuteras i vårdsammanhang. / ABSTRACT Key words: pediatric radiography, access to information, radiographer, Convention on the Rights of the Child Background: It is challenging for radiographers to inform pediatric patients based on the guidelines of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), Swedish law since 2020.  Purpose: The purpose was to find out what radiographers from two hospitals considered to be important information and conditions for providing it to pediatric patients undergoing x-ray examinations. The aim was also to investigate whether the radiographers carry knowledge of the CRC and its significance regarding child radiographs as well as to compare the perception of radiographers from hospital A and B on what information is of importance. Method: An empirical quantitative survey study was made.The sample included radiographers experienced in performing x-ray examinations of children. In total 35 surveys were analyzed.  Results: Information about general radiation safety and why the patient should keep still was considered most important.  The main conditions for providing information were considered to be a prepared lab, prepared parents and paying attention to the child. The majority replied that radiology clinics did not offer a child-friendly environment. The radiographers broadly agree that they are aware of the CRC’s guidelines and that these are of great importance in x-ray examinations. No significant difference was shown between the hospitals. Conclusion: Respondents agreed that informing pediatric patients about radiation safety and the importance of being still is most important. Radiology clinics were not considered to have a well-adapted environment. Radiographers’ knowledge of the CRC needs to be constantly updated.

Dombrovská, M. Informační vzdělávání v České republice (Information Education in the Czech Republic). Praha: Univerzita Karlova, Filozofická fakulta, Ústav informačních studií a knihovnictví, 2017. Disertační práce. Vedoucí disertační práce doc. PhDr. Rudolf Vlasák. Abstract This doctoral thesis investigates information science, public policy, and law, via established system theory, to uncover how information education, and particularly information literacy, can be better developed in the Czech Republic. The theoretical focus is on concepts of information literacy, information education, and information competencies. This is complemented with case studies, investigating existing policies through grounded theory. The novel contributions to knowledge arising from this research are: (1) a new three-wave staged model of the evolution of literacies; (2) a promising methodology for creating and implementing effective literacy policies respecting these three waves; (3) three specific proposals, grounded in constitutional rights and obligations, for overcoming the lack of political and public interest in further developing information literacy at a national level. Keywords: literacy, information literacy, information education, access to information, human rights, citizens' rights and duties

Den ökade digitalisering har lett till att e-handeln ökat rejält vilket har resulterat i att köp i fysiska butiker minskat. Idag är inköpen inte begränsade till fysiska butiker, utan konsumenter kan enkelt handla via sina datorer, surfplattor eller mobiltelefoner. När Covid-19 pandemin slog till så ökade e-handeln ännu mer, och flera bedömningar har varit att e-handeln kommer att fortsätta växa efter att restriktionerna från pandemin är över.  Idag är kläder den näst mest köpta produkten via e-handel utav svenska konsumenter. Syftet med studien har varit att jämföra två olika åldersgruppers konsumentattityder gentemot köp av kläder via e-handel respektive i fysiska butiker till följd av Covid-19 pandemin.Undersökningen skedde via kvantitativ metod i form av enkätundersökningar som riktades till de två olika åldersgrupperna. Respondenterna ur den yngre åldersgruppen var individer som tillhörde generation z. Respondenterna ur den äldre åldersgruppen var individer som tillhörde generation y. Vi valde att fokusera på tre möjliga barriärer som vi fördjupade oss i, nämligen tillgång till information, trygghet, samt lojalitet. Vår studie visar att den yngre generationen är mer benägen att handla kläder via e-handel till skillnad från den äldre generationen till följd av pandemin. Vidare visar vårt resultat att det råder skillnader mellan de olika åldersgruppernas syn på tillgång till information, trygghet samt lojalitet.  Slutligen ämnar studien bidra till en djupare förståelse av de förändrade konsumentbeteendena till följd av Covid-19 pandemin. / The increased digitalization has led to a significant increase in e-commerce, which has resulted in a decrease in purchases in physical stores. Today, purchases are not limited to physical stores, but consumers can easily shop via their computers, tablets, or mobile phones. When the Covid-19 pandemic struck, e-commerce increased even more, and several assessments have been that e-commerce will continue to grow after the restrictions from the pandemic are over. Today, clothing is the second most purchased product via e-commerce by Swedish consumers. The purpose of the study has been to compare the consumer attitudes of two different age groups towards buying clothes via e-commerce and in physical stores as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. The survey was conducted via a quantitative method in the form of questionnaire surveys aimed at the two different age groups. The respondents from the younger age group were individuals who belonged to generation z. The respondents from the older age group were individuals who belonged to generation y. We chose to focus on three possible barriers that we delved into, namely access to information, safety, and loyalty. Our study shows that the younger generation is more likely to buy clothes via e-commerce unlike the older generation due to the pandemic. Furthermore, our results show that there are differences between the different age groups' views on access to information, safety and loyalty. Finally, this study aims to contribute to a deeper understanding of the changing consumer behaviors resulting from the Covid-19 pandemic.

The purpose of the thesis is to analyze the Information Policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, focused primarily on the mid. 90s up to nowadays. The focus is mainly given on to the ICT development and its support by the Republic of Uzbekistan. It covers the analysis and descriptions on access to information, restriction problems of the press and censorship. Theoretical knowledge has been supported with practical analysis gained during the study tour to Uzbekistan. During the study tour has been accomplished a small exploratory study conduct a survey of how the Internet and the mass media is accepted and used by the population of Uzbekistan. The case study, at the end of the thesis, tries to approach the use of the Internet and particularly the so-called new media by independent journalists from Radio Ozodlik, an Uzbek department of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.

The aim of the study is to examine the possible connection and contributing aspects betweenyoung employees' form of employment and their experience of access to information, controland social support within the organization, starting from an organization within the tradeindustry. The study further aims to make a comparison between permanent and fixed-termemployees' experiences of the selected aspects. The chosen method for the study is aqualitative method with comparative elements based on an abductive understandingapproach. The empirical material that forms the basis of the study's results has been collectedvia nine semi-structured interviews with structured elements. Furthermore, the study'sempirical material has been treated based on thematic analysis. When analyzing the results ofthe study, we have used Elias and Scotson's (2010) theory established and outsiders, Sennett's(2006) flexibility theory and Allen and Meyer's (1990) three-component model. The study'sresults show, in summary, that the form of employment can have an impact on job insecuritybased on our chosen aspects. However, the impact varies depending on which of the aspectsinformation access, control or social support is taken as a starting point. This is because theform of employment can have a higher or lower impact on job insecurity based on theaspects. / Studiens syfte är att med utgångsläge i en organisation inom handelsbranschen undersöka denmöjliga kopplingen samt bidragande aspekter mellan unga medarbetares anställningsformoch deras upplevelse av informationstillgång, kontroll samt socialt stöd inom organisationen.Studien syftar vidare att göra en jämförelse mellan tillsvidare- och tidsbegränsat anställdasupplevelser av de valda aspekterna. Den valda metoden för studien är en kvalitativ metodmed komparativa inslag utifrån en abduktiv förståelseansats. Det empiriska materialet somligger till grund för studiens resultat har samlats in via nio semistrukturerade intervjuer medstrukturerade inslag. Vidare har studiens empiriska material behandlats utifrån tematiskanalys. Vid analys av studiens resultat har Elias och Scotsons (2010) teori etablerade ochoutsiders, Sennetts (2006) flexibilitetsteori samt Allen och Meyers (1990)trekomponentsmodell använts. Studiens resultat visar sammanfattningsvis attanställningsformer kan ha en påverkan på anställningsotrygghet utifrån våra valda aspekter.Påverkan varierar däremot beroende på vilken av aspekterna informationstillgång, kontrolleller socialt stöd man utgår ifrån. Detta då anställningsformen kan ha en högre eller lägreinverkan på anställningsotryggheten utifrån aspekterna.

[pt] Durante o começo da pandemia de Covid-19, em 2020, enquanto as autoridades estaduais do Rio de Janeiro se apressavam na compra de equipamentos e na construção de hospitais de campanha, surgiu uma intensa cobertura jornalística sobre o gasto de recursos públicos. Dezenas de reportagens de diferentes veículos de comunicação denunciaram que havia indícios de superfaturamento em compras, inconsistências em contratos e mesmo fraude em contratações. Após as reportagens, foram instauradas investigações criminais sobre a corrupção no governo Wilson Witzel e também foi aberto um processo inédito de impeachment na Assembleia Legislativa, que terminou com a cassação do governador. Para realização desse estudo, foram analisadas as primeiras reportagens desta cobertura jornalística de quatro veículos – Blog do Berta, Folha de São Paulo, RJ2 (TV Globo) e O Globo – e conduzidas entrevistas com repórteres envolvidos na cobertura, a fim de identificar as fontes de informação utilizadas e discutir práticas, rotinas produtivas e seu resultado final no processo de construção das reportagens investigativas. A metodologia utilizada privilegiou a análise de conteúdo e a técnica da entrevista em profundidade. A pesquisa concluiu que as ferramentas de transparência e acesso às informações de órgãos públicos desempenharam um papel fundamental no incremento à credibilidade das reportagens, representando 46% das fontes de informação identificadas nas matérias analisadas, resultado que foi corroborado pela percepção dos jornalistas entrevistados. / [en] In the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020, while state authorities in Rio de Janeiro rushed to purchase equipment and build field hospitals, there was also intense journalistic coverage on the expenditure of public resources. Dozens of reports from different media outlets exposed indications of overpricing in purchases, inconsistencies in contracts, and even fraud in hiring processes. Following these reports, criminal investigations were initiated into corruption in the government of Wilson Witzel during the pandemic, and an unprecedented impeachment process was launched in the Legislative Assembly, which ended with the governor s removal from office. For the purpose of this study, the initial reports of this journalistic coverage from four sources - Blog do Berta, Folha de São Paulo, RJ2 (TV Globo) and O Globo - were analyzed, and interviews were conducted with reporters involved in the coverage in order to identify the sources of information used and discuss practices, productive routines and the final outcome in the process of constructing investigative reports. Content analysis and in-depth interviews were employed as the research methods. The findings reveal that transparency tools and access to information from public agencies played a crucial role in enhancing the credibility of the news reports, accounting for 46 per cent of the identified sources of information in the analyzed articles, a result which was corroborated by the perception of the interviewed journalists

The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (Act 108 of 1996) stipulates that every person has the right of access to information held by government. To give effect to this right, legislation in the form of the Promotion of Access to Information Act, 2000 (Act 2 of 2000) was promulgated. This study explores the access to information regime that was established by die aforementioned legislation with specific reference to similar regimes in the United States of America, Australia, New Zealand and Canada. Attention is also devoted to the prerequisites and potential obstacles associated with the implementation of the Promotion of Access to Information Act, 2000. Based on the practices in other states, the conclusion was reached that the nature of information that may be requested in the South African context should be expanded, that cabinet records should only be excluded to the extent that disclosure thereof would be harmful, that frequently requested records should be made automatically available and that decision-making guidelines of government institutions should be published. As far as procedural requirements are concerned, it is proposed that information officers should acknowledge receipt of requests and that, where necessary, records should be translated to ensure that they are useful to a requester. It is further proposed that the wording of the ground of refusal regarding policy formulation and decision-making in government institutions be amended to take account of the consequences of disclosure. It is imperative that appeal and review mechanisms be accessible to members of the public and it is therefore proposed that an information commissioner be instituted to settle disputes in information related matters. Lastly it is proposed that sanctions be imposed against officials who deliberately undermine the public's right of access to information and that separate units be established in government institutions to deal exclusively with requests for access to information. / Public Administration / D. Litt. et Phil. (Public Administration)

The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996 (Act 108 of 1996) stipulates that every person has the right of access to information held by government. To give effect to this right, legislation in the form of the Promotion of Access to Information Act, 2000 (Act 2 of 2000) was promulgated. This study explores the access to information regime that was established by die aforementioned legislation with specific reference to similar regimes in the United States of America, Australia, New Zealand and Canada. Attention is also devoted to the prerequisites and potential obstacles associated with the implementation of the Promotion of Access to Information Act, 2000. Based on the practices in other states, the conclusion was reached that the nature of information that may be requested in the South African context should be expanded, that cabinet records should only be excluded to the extent that disclosure thereof would be harmful, that frequently requested records should be made automatically available and that decision-making guidelines of government institutions should be published. As far as procedural requirements are concerned, it is proposed that information officers should acknowledge receipt of requests and that, where necessary, records should be translated to ensure that they are useful to a requester. It is further proposed that the wording of the ground of refusal regarding policy formulation and decision-making in government institutions be amended to take account of the consequences of disclosure. It is imperative that appeal and review mechanisms be accessible to members of the public and it is therefore proposed that an information commissioner be instituted to settle disputes in information related matters. Lastly it is proposed that sanctions be imposed against officials who deliberately undermine the public's right of access to information and that separate units be established in government institutions to deal exclusively with requests for access to information. / Public Administration and Management / D. Litt. et Phil. (Public Administration)