Os transtornos de ansiedade estão entre os transtornos psiquiátricos mais prevalentes na infância e adolescência, sendo associados a prejuízos no desempenho social, familiar e acadêmico. Sua origem é multifatorial, com contribuições genéticas e ambientais, dentre elas o aprendizado e a associação com a psicopatologia e o estilo parental. Estudos têm sugerido a relação da psicopatologia entre pais e filhos e sua influência na resposta ao tratamento. Os dois estudos desta dissertação se inserem neste contexto e buscam investigar os benefícios da inserção dos pais no tratamento dos filhos (Artigo1), a influência da psicopatologia parental na sintomatologia e resposta ao tratamento da prole e o quanto o tratamento dos filhos pode acarretar na melhora da sintomatologia dos pais (Artigo2). O primeiro artigo teve como finalidade estudar a influência da inserção dos pais no tratamento dos filhos por meio de uma revisão sistemática, a fim de compreender seus possíveis benefícios na resposta ao tratamento. A maior parte dos estudos revisados neste artigo não demonstrou resultados mais satisfatórios com a inclusão dos pais no tratamento das crianças em intervenções psicossociais. Entretanto, aqueles que encontraram melhores resultados com inclusão dos pais possuíam em comum a presença e participação ativa dos mesmos. Além disso, resultados apresentados no follow-up indicaram melhora entre as crianças que realizaram intervenção junto aos pais, sugerindo que a inserção parental pode acarretar em benefícios ao longo do tempo. Este estudo avança na compreensão da inclusão dos pais no tratamento dos filhos por demonstrar que aspectos como o tempo dedicado ao tratamento, relação custo-benefício e o papel dos pais na prevenção a recaída dos sintomas merecem a atenção de futuras pesquisas. O segundo artigo teve a intenção de avaliar a psicopatologia e o repertório de habilidades sociais das mães antes e após o tratamento com Terapia Cognitivo Comportamental (TCC) em grupo focado nas crianças com ansiedade. Este estudo foi realizado por meio de um ensaio clínico randomizado e teve como objetivo investigar a influência das variáveis maternas no tratamento dos filhos e, se a intervenção focada na criança pode acarretar na melhora da sintomatologia materna. Este estudo mostrou que a psicopatologia e o repertório de habilidades sociais das mães não foram preditores da resposta ao tratamento dos filhos. Embora tenha ocorrido redução na ansiedade e depressão materna após a intervenção, esta diferença não foi considerada significativa, sugerindo que o tratamento focado nos filhos não influencia positivamente a sintomatologia dos pais. Este estudo avança no entendimento da influência dos pais sobre os filhos por demonstrar que a resposta ao tratamento não foi influenciada pelas variáveis parentais. Este estudo contribui também para a compreensão dos efeitos do tratamento dos filhos sobre os pais demonstrando que, embora os pais não tenham sido influenciados pela intervenção focada na criança, este é um interessante campo de pesquisa, podendo ser o foco de novos estudos. / Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in childhood and adolescence, and they are associated with impairments in social, family and academic performance. Their origin is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, such as learning and there is an association with parental psychopathology and parenting style. Studies have suggested that there is a relationship between parental anxious symptoms and their children symptoms that could influence treatment response. This study comprises two manuscripts that aim to investigate the benefits of the parental inclusion in their anxious children’s treatment (Paper1), as well as the influence of parental symptoms in their anxious offspring treatment, and if the anxiety treatment in the children can result in their parental symptoms improvement (Paper2). The first paper aimed to study, throughout a systematic review of the literature, the influence of parental inclusion in the outcome of their anxious children psychosocial intervention. Most of the revised studies suggested that the inclusion of parents in their children’s intervention did not contribute to a better treatment response. However, between those studies that reported a significant positive influence of parental inclusion they all showed an active participation of these parents. Furthermore, the follow up data reported a significant improvement among children who underwent intervention with their parents, suggesting that parental inclusion might result in benefits over time. This study expands the understanding of parental inclusion in their children’s treatment by demonstrating that aspects, such as the time devoted to treatment, cost-effectiveness and the role of parents in preventing symptoms relapse, deserve attention in future research. The second paper was intended to assess parental symptoms and social skills before and after Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) group with their children with anxiety disorder. This study aimed to investigate the influence of parental characteristics in the outcome of their children group CBT treatment and also if the child-focused intervention could result in improvement of parental symptoms. This study demonstrated that parental symptoms and social skills were not predictors of response to the children’s treatment. Although there was a decreased in maternal anxiety and depression symptoms after the intervention, this difference was not statistically significant, suggesting that children treatment do not have influence in their mothers´ symptoms. This study contributes to the understanding of the parental influence on their anxiety disordered children symptoms and treatment outcomes. Furthermore, this study added to the literature concerning the absence of the effects of children’s treatment and improvement on parental symptoms. This is an interesting field with controversial data that should be focus of new studies.

Submitted by Cristiane Chim (cristiane.chim@ucpel.edu.br) on 2018-08-22T13:36:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Schmidt Jannke.pdf: 1279665 bytes, checksum: 2a8dbf27ce359390ac1dfb2c3d58ba52 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T13:36:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Schmidt Jannke.pdf: 1279665 bytes, checksum: 2a8dbf27ce359390ac1dfb2c3d58ba52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-10 / Objective: to analyze comparatively the patterns of physical activity in leisure and associated factors among young adults from 18 to 35 years of age in the city of Pelotas and their relationships with diagnoses of mood disorders, anxiety disorders and comorbidity between mood and anxiety disorders. Methods: cross-sectional population-based study, with sample selection made by clusters. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was used to evaluate mood and anxiety disorders and their comorbid occurrence, and the practice of leisure physical activity was evaluated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Results: The sample consisted of 1953 young adults, where the highest prevalence of physical inactivity in leisure was in the group of comorbid mood and anxiety disorders (83.2%), followed by mood disorders (79%), with anxiety disorder (76.2%) and those with no identified disorders (71.8%), being p <0.001. The prevalence was 1.07 (CI 95% 1.01 - 1.15) higher in the group of those identified with comorbidity between mood disorders and anxiety disorders. Conclusion: The prevalence of physical inactivity in leisure was different in the groups with mental disorders and individuals without disorder, being higher in comorbidity between mood and anxiety disorders. / Objetivo: analisar comparativamente os padrões de atividade física no lazer e fatores associados entre jovens de 18 a 35 anos da cidade de Pelotas e suas relações com diagnósticos de transtornos de humor, transtornos de ansiedade e comorbidade entre transtornos de humor e ansiedade. Método: estudo transversal de base populacional, com seleção amostral feita por conglomerados. Utilizou-se o Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) para avaliar os transtornos de humor e ansiedade e sua ocorrência comórbida, e a prática de atividade física no lazer foi avaliada com o International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 1953 adultos jovens, onde a maior prevalência de inatividade física no lazer foi no grupo de transtornos comórbidos de humor e de ansiedade (83,2%), seguido pelos com transtornos de humor (79%), pelos com transtorno de ansiedade (76,2%) e pelos sem transtornos identificados (71,8%) sendo p<0,001. A prevalência foi 1,07 (CI 95% 1,01 – 1,15) maior no grupo dos identificados com comorbidade entre transtornos de humor e transtornos de ansiedade. Conclusão: As prevalências de inatividade física no lazer foi diferente nos grupos com transtornos mentais e indivíduos sem transtorno, sendo maior nos com comorbidade entre transtornos de humor e de ansiedade.

Introdução: O transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo (TOC) é uma doença de etiologia complexa, podendo ser influenciada por inúmeros fatores genéticos e ambientais. A falta de homogeneidade na descrição do transtorno dificulta a pesquisa de fatores etiológicos. Um dos subgrupos de TOC com características mais homogêneas é o TOC de início precoce. O objetivo principal deste estudo é investigar o efeito da idade de início dos diversos sintomas nas características clínicas dos transtornos psiquiátricos do Eixo I na trajetória evolutiva de pacientes com TOC. Metodologia: 1001 pacientes com TOC de acordo com os critérios do DSM-IV foram avaliados de forma direta com os instrumentos: Escala Dimensional para Avaliação de Presença e Gravidade de Sintomas Obsessivo-Compulsivos (DY-BOCS), Escala Yale-Brown de Sintomas Obsessivo-Compulsivos (Y-BOCS), Entrevista Clínica Estruturada para o DSM-IV - Transtornos do Eixo I (SCID-I/P), Inventários de Ansiedade e de Depressão de Beck, Questionário de História Natural do TOC e Escala de Crenças de Brown. Para comparação das variáveis categoriais foram realizados os testes qui-quadrado e para variáveis numéricas testes não paramétricos de Kruskal-Wallis e testes paramétricos tipo ANOVA. Foram considerados para todos os testes nível de significância de 5%. O estudo das idades de início das comorbidades foi realizado utilizando a abordagem bayesiana. Resultados: Pacientes com início precoce tiveram maior frequência de Ansiedade de Separação (p<0,001); Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade (p=0,031); Tiques (p=0,009); Espectro Obsessivo-Compulsivo (OC) (p<0,001); Transtornos do Impulso (p=0,005); e do Humor (p=0,020). Além disso, tiveram maior gravidade em todas as medidas de escore nas escalas Y-BOCS (p<0,001) e DY-BOCS (p<0,001), curso com piora progressiva do TOC (p<0,001) e maior frequência de história familiar de TOC (p<0,001) e transtornos de Tiques (p=0,013). Pacientes com TOC que apresentaram ansiedade de separação como primeiro diagnóstico tiveram uma tendência a apresentar maior frequência de: Transtornos Ansiosos (p=0,058), Somatoformes (p=0,056), TEPT (p=0,004), maior gravidade na dimensão Sexual/Religioso (p=0,053) e escores mais elevados nas escalas Beck depressão (p=0,005) e Beck ansiedade (p<0,001). Pacientes com TOC que apresentaram TDAH como primeiro diagnóstico tiveram maior frequência de Abuso de Substância (p<0,001) e apresentaram um curso com piora mais progressiva do TOC comparados com os outros grupos (p=0,033). Pacientes com TOC que apresentaram transtornos de tiques como primeiro diagnóstico tiveram maior frequência de Transtornos do Espectro OC (p=0,034). Conclusão: O TOC é um transtorno heterogêneo que pode compreender diversos subtipos de acordo com a abordagem escolhida / Introduction: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) has a complex etiology, and can be influenced by several genetic and environmental factors. The lack of homogeneity in the description of the disorders complicates the search for etiological factors. The main goal of this study is to verify the effect of age at onset of several symptoms in the clinical characteristics of Axis I psychiatric disorders in the trajectory of OCD patients. Methodology: 1,001 consecutive OCD patients were evaluated at a single time point. Standardized instruments were used: Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnosis of Axis I, according to DSM-IV and for impulse-control disorders; Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Dimensional Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories and Brown Beliefs assessment Scale; and the Natural History Questionnaire. Chi-square test was used for categorical variables, and Kruskal-Wallis and ANOVA tests were used for continuous variables. For all the tests the significant level was considered p <.05. To analyze the distribution of comorbidities according to age at onset a Bayesian approach was used. Results: Patients with early age at onset had higher frequency of separation anxiety disorder (p<0.001), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (p=0.031); tic disorders (p<0.009); obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders (p<0.001); impulse-control disorders (p=0.005) and mood disorders (p=0.020). Besides, they presented higher severity of all measures of Y-BOCS score (p<0.001) and DY-BOCS score (p<0.001), OCD course with progressive worsening (p<0.001) and higher frequency of family history of OCD (p<0.001) and tic disorders (p=0.013). OCD patients who presented separation anxiety disorder as the first manifested diagnosis had higher frequencies of: anxiety disorders (p=0.058), somatoform disorders (p=0.056), post-traumatic stress disorder (p=0.004), higher frequency of Sexual/Religious dimension (p=0.053) and higher scores on Beck depression (p=0.005) and Beck anxiety (p<0.001). OCD patients who presented ADHD as first manifested diagnosis presented higher frequency of substance abuse (p<0.001) and presented more OCD course with progressive worsening (p=0.033). OCD patients who presented tic disorder as first manifested diagnosis presented higher frequency of OC spectrum disorders (p=0.034). Conclusion: We can conclude that OCD is a heterogeneous disorder and may include several subtypes according to the chosen approach

„Comorbidity“ among mental disorders is commonly observed in both clinical and epidemiological samples. The robustness of this observation is rarely questioned; however, what is at issue is its meaning. Is comorbidity „noise“ – nuisance covariance that researchers should eliminate by seeking „pure“ cases for their studies – or a „signal“ – an indication that current diagnostic systems are lacking in parsimony and are not „carving nature at its joints?“ (Krueger, p. 921). With these words, Krueger started a discussion on the structure of mental disorders, which suggested that a 3-factor model of common mental disorders existed in the community. These common factors were labeled „anxious-misery,“ „fear“ (constituting facets of a higher-order internalizing factor), and „externalizing.“ Along with similar evidence from personality research and psychometric explorations and selective evidence from genetic and psychopharmacologic studies, Krueger suggested that this model might not only be phenotypically relevant, but might actually improve our understanding of core processes underlying psychopathology. Since then, this suggestion has become an influential, yet also controversial topic in the scientific community, and has received attention particularly in the context of the current revision process of the Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition) (DSM-V) and the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11). Focusing on anxiety disorders, this article critically discusses the methods and findings of this work, calls into question the model’s developmental stability and utility for clinical use and clinical research, and challenges the wide-ranging implications that have been linked to the findings of this type of exploration. This critical appraisal is intended to flag several significant concerns about the method. In particular, the concerns center around the tendency to attach wide-ranging implications (eg, in terms of clinical research, clinical practice, public health, diagnostic nomenclature) to the undoubtedly interesting statistical explorations.

Background: Maternal perinatal mental health has been shown to be associated with adverse consequences for the mother and the child. However, studies considering the effect of DSM-IV anxiety disorders beyond maternal self-perceived distress during pregnancy and its timing are lacking. Aims: To examine the role of maternal anxiety disorders with an onset before birth and self-perceived distress during pregnancy for unfavourable maternal, obstetric, neonatal and childhood outcomes. Study design: DSM-IV mental disorders and self-perceived distress of 992 mothers as well as obstetric, neonatal and childhood outcomes of their offspring were assessed in a cohort sampled from the community using the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Logistic regression analyses revealed associations (odds ratios) between maternal anxiety disorders and self-perceived distress during pregnancy with maternal depression after birth and a range of obstetric, neonatal and childhood psychopathological outcomes. Results: Lifetime maternal anxiety disorders were related to offspring anxiety disorders, but not to offspring externalizing disorders. Analyses focussing on maternal DSM-IV anxiety disorders before birth yielded associations with incident depression after birth. In addition, self-perceived distress during pregnancy was associated with maternal depression after birth, preterm delivery, caesarean section, separation anxiety disorder, ADHD, and conduct disorder in offspring. Conclusion: Findings confirm the transmission of anxiety disorders from mother to offspring. Apart from maternal anxiety, self-perceived distress during pregnancy also emerged as a putative risk factor for adverse outcomes. The finding that maternal anxiety disorders before birth yielded less consistent associations, suggests that self-perceived distress during pregnancy might be seen as a putative moderator/mediator in the familial transmission of anxiety.

Social phobia is a common disorder associated with significant psychosocial impairment, representing a substantial public health problem largely determined by the high prevalence, and the lifelong chronicity. Social phobia starts in early childhood or adolescence and is often comorbid with depression, other anxiety disorders, alcohol and substance abuse or eating disorders. This cascade of comorbidity, usually secondary to social phobia, increases the disability associated with the condition. The possibility that social phobia may be a trigger for later developing comorbid disorders directs attention to the need for early effective treatment as a preventive measure. The most recent drug class to be investigated for the psychopharmacological treatment of social phobia is the SSRI group for which there is growing support. The other drug classes that have been evaluated are monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), benzodiazepines, and beta-blockers. The SSRIs represent a new and attractive therapeutic choice for patients with generalized social phobia. Recently the first, large scale, placebo-controlled study to assess the efficacy of drug treatment in generalized social phobia has been completed with paroxetine. Paroxetine was more effective in reducing the symptoms than placebo and was well tolerated. Many now regard SSRIs as the drugs of choice in social phobia because of their effectiveness and because they avoid the problems of treatment with benzodiazepines or classical MAOIs.

Background and Objectives: To describe patterns of healthcare utilization among patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in general practitioner (GP) settings in Germany. Methods: Using a large computerized database with information from GP practices across Germany, we identified all patients, aged > 18 years, with diagnoses of, or prescriptions for, GAD (ICD-10 diagnosis code F41.1) between October 1, 2003 and September 30, 2004 ("GAD patients"). We also constituted an age- and sex-matched comparison group, consisting of randomly selected patients without any GP encounters or prescriptions for anxiety or depression (a common comorbidity in GAD) during the same period. GAD patients were then compared to those in the matched comparison group over the one-year study period. Results: The study sample consisted of 3340 GAD patients and an equal number of matched comparators. Mean age was 53.2 years; 66.3% were women. Over the 12-month study period, GAD patients were more likely than matched comparators to have encounters for various comorbidities, including sleep disorders (odds ratio [OR] = 6.75 [95% CI = 5.31, 8.57]), substance abuse disorders (3.91 [2.89, 5.28]), and digestive system disorders (2.62 [2.36, 2.91]) (all p < 0.01). GAD patients averaged 5.6 more GP encounters (10.5 [SD = 8.8] vs 4.9 [5.7] for comparison group) and 1.4 more specialist referrals (2.3 [2.9] vs 0.9 [1.7]) (both p < 0.01). Only 58.3% of GAD patients received some type of psychotropic medication (i.e., benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and/or sedatives/hypnotics). Conclusions: Patients with GAD in GP practices in Germany have more clinically recognized comorbidities and higher levels of healthcare utilization than patients without anxiety or depression.

Hintergrund: Angststörungen gehören zu den häufigsten psychischen Störungen im Jugend- und Erwachsenenalter. Ein Großteil der Betroffenen bleibt meist unbehandelt. Informationen über die Behandlungswahrscheinlichkeit bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen in Abhängigkeit von der Störungs- und Behandlungsart, Lebensalter, Geschlecht und Komorbidität liegen bisher nicht vor. Methode: In einer repräsentativen Stichprobe 14- bis 34-Jähriger aus dem Großraum München (Early Developmental Stages of Psychopathology Studie, N = 3021) werden die Prävalenz und Lebenszeitinzidenz von Angststörungen sowie ihre Behandlungsraten mittels M-CIDI erfasst und differenziert für Lebensalter, Komorbidität und Geschlecht präsentiert. Ergebnisse: 30% der Befragten berichteten mindestens eine Angststörung in ihrem Leben. Fast die Hälfte der Betroffenen (43%) suchte irgendeine Behandlung, ein Drittel (28%) suchte einen Psychotherapeuten auf. Für die meisten Angststörungen lagen hohe Quoten psychotherapeutischer Behandlungen vor (Range: 50–61%). Jugendliche berichteten seltener als Erwachsene irgendeine Behandlung, eine psychotherapeutische Behandlung, die Konsultation eines Psychiaters oder Hausarztes. Frauen nahmen häufiger eine Psychotherapie in Anspruch als Männer. Das Vorliegen einer komorbiden Angst- oder depressiven Störung erhöhte die Behandlungswahrscheinlichkeit. Diskussion: Verglichen mit europäischen Studien berichtete die Stichprobe relativ häufig eine Behandlung, auch eine psychotherapeutische. Dies kann eine Folge des großen Behandlungsangebotes in München sein. Dennoch bleibt der Großteil der jungen Betroffenen unbehandelt. Zur Prävention langfristiger Beeinträchtigungen sowie sekundärer psychischer Störungen sollte das Versorgungssystem verstärkt auf diese Bevölkerungsgruppe ausgerichtet werden. / Background: Anxiety disorders are among the most frequent mental disorders in adolescence and adulthood. Most of the affected individuals do not receive treatment. Information about treatment use among adolescents and young adults, differentiated for the kind of treatment and anxiety disorder, age, gender and co-morbidity, is still missing. Methods: In a representative sample of 14–34 year-old adolescents and young adults of the Munich area (Early Developmental Stages of Psychopathology study, N = 3,021) prevalence and lifetime incidence of anxiety disorders and treatment use are assessed using the M-CIDI and will be presented for age, co-morbidity and gender. Results: 30% of all participants reported at least one lifetime diagnosis of an anxiety disorder. Almost half of those affected (43%) received some kind of treatment; one third (28%) received psychotherapy. Psychotherapy use was frequent in most anxiety disorders (range: 50–61%). Older individuals more frequently reported any treatment, psychotherapy, consultations with psychiatrists or general practitioners. Women used psychotherapy more often than men. Co-morbid anxiety or depressive disorders increased the probability of treatment use. Discussion: As compared to European estimations, we found relatively high rates of treatment use. This may be due to the many treatment possibilities in the Munich area. Nevertheless, most young people affected do not receive treatment. Considering the long-term effects of anxiety disorders and in order to prevent secondary disorders, efforts should be increased to reach these young individuals.

Der Langzeitverlauf und die Häufigkeit sogenannter spontaner Remissionen wurde anhand von 77 Fallen mit einer Lifetime-Diagnose einer Angststörung untersucht. Die 77 Angstfälle wurden als Teil der Münchner Follow-up-Studie im Rahmen einer allgemeinen Bevölkerungsuntersuchung im Jahre 1974 identifiziert und wurden über einen Zeitraum von sieben Jahren (bis 1981) weiter untersucht. Die Diagnosen wurden einerseits durch ein standardisiertes diagnostisches Instrument (den DIS), andererseits über eine klinisch-psychiatrische Nachuntersuchung (1981) abgesichert. In Ergänzung hierzu wurde der Verlauf der psychopathologischen Symptome sowie die psychologische und psychosoziale Integration der Versuchspersonen beurteilt. Ergebnisse: Die Lebenszeit-Prävalenz, irgendeine Anststörung zu entwickeln, betrug 13,9%. Einfache und soziale Phobien wiesen eine Prävalenz von 8,0%, Agoraphobie von 5,7%, Zwangsstörungen von 2,0% und Panikstörungen von 2,4% auf. Die Inzidenz, d.h. das Auftreten neuer Fälle im Zeitraum zwischen der Erst- und Zweituntersuchung war niedrig, mit Ausnahme für Panikstörungen (1,2%, bei einer Gesamtprävalenz von 2,4%) und Agoraphobie (1,3% bei einer Gesamtprävalenz von 5,7%). Die Komorbidität war sowohl innerhalb der Angststörungen wie auch bezüglich anderer psychischer Störungen erhöht. 62% hatten mehr als eine Angstdiagnose, Major Depression und Abhängigkeit von Alkohol oder Medikamenten waren die häufigsten komorbiden Störungen, die in der überwiegenden Mehrzahl deutlich nach dem Beginn der Angststörung auftraten. Spontanremissionen wurden auf drei unterschiedlichen Ebenen definiert, von denen ein Kombinationsmaβ als Hauptergebnis interpretiert wurde. Danach war die symptomatische Remission in alien Angstgruppen niedrig, während die psychosoziale Remissionsrate ein günstigeres Bild mit Remissionsraten zwischen 28,6% für Panikstörung und 53,1% für einfache und soziale Phobien ergab. Das kombinierte spontane Remissionsmaβ ergab für keine der Zwangsstörungen, nur 14,3% der Panikstörungen, 19,2% der Agoraphobien und 18,8% der einfachen und sozialen Phobie eine voile Remission. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen, daβ Angststörungen zumeist in der Kindheit oder frühen Adoleszenz beginnen und dazu neigen, chronisch über den Groβteil des Lebens zu persistieren und nur selten zu remittieren.

Objectives: For characterizing the association between parenting and offspring social phobia (SP), contrasting maternal vs. paternal contributions, putative predictors of unfavorable parenting behaviors and its specificity for SP are warranted to delineate targeted prevention and intervention strategies. Methods: A population-based sample of 1053 adolescents was followed-up using the M-CIDI. Parenting was assessed via questionnaire in offspring passing the high risk period for SP-onset. Natal complications and childhood serious health problems as assessed by maternal reports were hypothesized to relate to unfavorable parenting. Results: The pattern of maternal overprotection, paternal rejection and lower emotional warmth was associated with SP, but not with other offspring anxiety disorders. Natal complications were related to overprotection and lower emotional warmth; trend-level associations emerged for serious health problems and unfavorable parenting. Conclusions: Paternal behavior appears particularly relevant for SP. The pattern of maternal overprotection, paternal rejection and lower emotional warmth was observed in SP only, suggesting that its detailed assessment provides a promising opportunity for targeted prevention and intervention in SP.