Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2017-10-16T18:19:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mateus Catalani Pirani.pdf: 1948846 bytes, checksum: 05fed3945d9aba3cf4bf6d2a0e6080b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-16T18:19:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mateus Catalani Pirani.pdf: 1948846 bytes, checksum: 05fed3945d9aba3cf4bf6d2a0e6080b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-11 / Interdisciplinary study in applied Social Sciences area, establishing relations between Human Rights, Digital and International developed as master¿s thesis, the present work brings qualitative research on the universalization of the Internet, with Human rights approach in the current world-wide scenery. The appearance of a technological society and the impacts that the Internet imposes on an international scenery, they bring questions connected with the human rights. From the Internet it is possible to create new levels of relationship, which does so that it stops being a tool of studies and starts to be used like a communication way between the persons. Being so, the reason to be of this work results from the necessity of which this communication is within reach of all, in other words from his universalization. Such universalization must be understood as it forms one of human rights realization, be in function of the freedom of expression, of the right to the information or of other rights connected with the human dignity. Human rights off-line must be also online proteges. Besides, the universalization of the Internet can be understood like a human right in herself, in the direction of avoiding that a digital exclusion takes place in current social contemporary fact. The thematic seal in the analysis of the Internet like a social phenomenon, as well as like his relationship with rights, in order that there is drawn a view that allows the defense of the universalization of the Internet while it leaves from the outline of the human rights. / Estudo interdisciplinar na área de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, que estabelece relação entre Direitos Humanos, Direito Internacional e Direito Digital desenvolvido como Dissertação de Mestrado, o presente trabalho traz pesquisa qualitativa sobre a universalização da internet, com enfoque de Direitos Humanos no atual cenário mundial. O surgimento de uma sociedade tecnológica e os impactos que a Internet impõe ao cenário internacional, trazem questões ligadas aos direitos humanos. A partir da Internet é possível criar novos níveis de relacionamento, o que faz com que ela deixe de ser uma ferramenta de estudos e passe a ser utilizada como um meio de comunicação entre as pessoas. Sendo assim, a razão de ser desse trabalho advém da necessidade de que essa comunicação esteja ao alcance de todos, ou seja de sua universalização. Tal universalização deve ser entendida como uma forma de concretização de direitos humanos, seja em função da liberdade de expressão, do direito à informação ou de outros direitos ligados à dignidade humana. Direitos humanos off-line devem ser também protegidos on-line. Além disso, a universalização da Internet pode ser entendida como um direito humano em si, no sentido de evitar que ocorra uma exclusão digital em uma atual realidade contemporânea social. A temática foca na análise da Internet como um fenômeno social, bem como como seu relacionamento com direitos, a fim de se traçar um panorama que permita a defesa da universalização da Internet enquanto parte do arcabouço dos direitos humanos.

This thesis analyses minority shareholder protection in common law and civil law systems. Principally, this is done by examining closely-held corporations created under Canadian, Ukrainian and German laws. It examines minority shareholder protection by critically analyzing voting and related rights, the right to information; withdrawal from the company, expulsion right, the dissolution of a company, derivative action and direct action. The thesis also summarizes problems in the civil law system that cannot be solved in favor of minority shareholders. In addition to the above-mentioned, it provides possible solutions to the problems of minority shareholder protection in the civil law system, that is, methods by which to increase protection for minority shareholders against the majority and/or directors. Specifically, it focuses on cumulative voting, common law director’s duties, derivative action and the oppression remedy. Moreover, this thesis analyzes the possibility of incorporating some institutions into civil law legislation and considers obstacles to implementing them.

Cette étude est consacrée au droit privé fédéral et à l'interaction entre la législation fédérale et le droit privé des provinces. Elle porte plus précisément sur le rôle des tribunaux dans le cadre de cette interaction. Elle a pour objectif de vérifier comment les juges procèdent à l'unification du droit privé fédéral en évitant de recourir formellement au droit provincial à titre supplétif. Dans un premier temps, elle établit le cadre juridique gouvernant l'interprétation du droit privé fédéral, de même que l'exercice du pouvoir judiciaire dans ce contexte. Dans un deuxième temps, elle analyse à travers un ensemble de jugements les procédés employés par les juges pour réaliser l'unification du droit privé fédéral. Elle conclut que ces procédés peuvent effectivement permettre de réaliser, au plan pratique, une telle unification. Cependant, ces interventions judiciaires sont ponctuelles et sont limitées à certains aspects de la conception ou de l'application des normes de droit privé. Dans les cas plus problématiques, elles peuvent avoir pour effet soit de nier le vide normatif rendant nécessaire le recours aux sources supplétives provinciales, soit de nier la pluralité formelle de ces sources dans le contexte fédéral. / This study is devoted to federal private law and the interaction between federal legislation and provincial private law. In particular, it is devoted to the role of the courts in such interaction. Hs objective is to assess how judges proceed with the unification of federal private law by avoiding formal reference to provincial law to supplement federal legislation. Firstly, the study considers the legal framework governing the interpretation of federal private law, as well as the exercise of judicial power in this context. Secondly, the study reviews means employed by judges, through a series of judgments, to proceed with the unification of federal private law. The study concludes that unification can effectively be achieved through such means. However, these judicial interventions are limited to sorne aspects of the elaboration and application ofprivate norms. In more complex cases, the effect of these interventions may be to disregard normative gaps that make necessary to supplement federal legislation with sources of provincial law, or to deny the plurality of these sources in the federal context. / "Mémoire présenté à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l'obtention du grade de maîtrise en droit". Ce mémoire a été accepté à l'unanimité et classé parmi les 5% des mémoires de la discipline. Commentaires du jury : "Remarquable par le choix du sujet et son traitement tant pour la forme que le fond. Mérite publication".

D’une part, le développement scientifique dans le domaine pharmaceutique fournit des bénéfices substantiels à la santé des personnes, améliorant par conséquent leur qualité de vie. Toutefois, créer et mettre en marché une nouvelle substance thérapeutique n’est pas une tâche facile. Les laboratoires investissent du temps et de l’argent en recherche et développement pour y parvenir. D’autre part, malgré les bienfaits de la science et les efforts des chercheurs, les médicaments sont des produits potentiellement dangereux. Ils présentent des risques inhérents à leur nature, capables de causer des préjudices graves et irréversibles. D’ailleurs, la nature dangereuse de ces produits a incité l’instauration de normes qui imposent des critères stricts aux fabricants de médicaments dans le but de protéger le public. En suivant cette tendance mondiale, les législateurs brésilien et canadien ont instauré des régimes statutaires qui édictent des règles rigoureuses de conception, de fabrication et de commercialisation des médicaments. Néanmoins, à cause de la nature pénale et administrative de ces normes, elles ne sont pas efficaces lorsqu’il s’agit de dédommager le consommateur ou le tiers qui est victime du fait du médicament. Dans une telle situation, il faut recourir au droit civil dans le cas du Brésil et du Québec, ou à la common law dans les autres provinces canadiennes. Dans une étude comparée sur le sujet, nous avons appris que les droits civils brésilien et québécois ainsi que la common law canadienne ont des ressemblances très importantes, cependant en ce qui concerne l’exclusion de la responsabilité fondée sur le risque de développement scientifique, différentes solutions s’appliquent. / On the one hand, the scientific development in the pharmaceutical sector provides substantial benefits to human health, thus improving his quality of life. However, developing a new therapeutic substance is a hard task. The laboratories have been investing time and money in research and development to get there. On the other hand, despite the benefits of science and the efforts of researchers, drugs are potentially dangerous. They pose risks inherent in their nature, can cause serious and irreversible damage. Moreover, the hazardous nature of these products has prompted the creation of standards that impose strict criteria for drug manufacturers in order to protect the public. By following this global trend, the Brazilian and Canadian legislators have introduced statutory regulations that lay down strict rules of design, manufacture and marketing of drugs. However, as a result of criminal and administrative standards, they are not effective when it comes to compensate the victim of the drug. In this situation, we must resort to civil law, in the case of Brazil and Quebec, or the common law in respect of other Canadian provinces. In a comparative study, we find out that civil law in Brazil and Quebec and Canadian common law have significant similarities, however, regarding the exclusion of liability based on the risk of scientific development, different solutions apply.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi doctoral és analitzar el llegat jurídic de Ramon Martí d'Eixalà, especialment els seus manuals de dret mercantil i dret civil. En aquest sentit, cal recordar que Ramon Martí d'Eixalà va viure en el segle XIX, moment en el qual s'havien iniciat una sèrie de canvis econòmics i socials profunds. El seu manual de dret mercantil, Instituciones de derecho mercantil de España fou molt més reconegut que el Tratado elementar del derecho civil romano y español. Doncs, el manual de dret mercantil fou recomanat com a llibre de text pels estudis de Jurisprudència durant varis anys, mentre que el manual de dret civil mai va formar part del llistat de manuals elaborat pel govern. A més, la filosofia britànica ocupa una part important de la investigació, ja que Ramon Martí d'Eixalà coneixia el pensament britànic i va introduir la filosofia del sentit comú a Catalunya. / The aim of this research is to analyse Ramon Martí d'Eixalà's civil and commercial law works. Ramón Martí de Eixalá lived in the 19th century, at a time when a series of deep economic and social changes had begun. His work in commercial law, "Instituciones de derecho mercantil de España", was much more recognized that the "Tratado elementar del derecho civil romano y español". Therefore, his work was recommended as the textbook for Studies in jurisprudence for several years. In contrast, his civil law work never formed part of the textbook list recommended by the Government. Additionally, the British philosophy has become an important part of this research because Ramon Martí d'Eixalà knew about British thought and introduced the Common Sense philosophy in Catalonia.

Despite executive function deficits now been examined in relation to the propensity to commit crimes in the general offending population, to date there has been little investigation of this within an intellectually disabled offending sample. The aim of the present study was to undertake a content analysis of the offending patterns and general behavior of Disabilities SA clients with a view to ascertaining whether such an assessment is justified for this offending group. The present study involved content analysis of five participants, currently clients of Disabilities SA. A coding schema was used to assess for evidence of four executive functions: Learning from previous experience; Engaging in logical reasoning; Impulse control; and Understanding the reactions of others. Findings suggest that offenders with intellectual disability have difficulties in all four areas. These findings are discussed in terms of the need for more comprehensive assessment and treatment implications.

Univ., Diss.--Zürich, 2000. / Zählung im Band lautet irrtümlich auf "45".

La peau humaine est un élément singulier qui recouvre le corps et permet à chacun de bénéficier du sens du toucher. Qualifiée de tissu du corps humain, la peau est aujourd’hui soumise au même régime juridique que celui qui s’applique à l’égard du corps humain. Pourtant, si la peau est indéniablement une enveloppe qui entoure le corps et le protège, elle est également proche de la personne puisqu’elle en constitue l’apparence, renferme des éléments de son identité et contribue à son identification. Par conséquent, la peau recouvre la surface du corps et désigne aussi la personne, ce qui en fait un élément frontalier du corps et de la personne. Ainsi rattachée aux deux entités dominantes que sont la personne et le corps, la peau doit être envisagée dans une relation ternaire qui la placerait au centre des liens entretenus entre la personne et son corps. D’une part, la peau n’est pas seulement un élément du corps humain puisque la personne bénéficie d’un droit d’effectuer des choix concernant sa peau, voire de la modifier. D’autre part, la peau n’est pas seulement un élément rattaché à la personne puisqu’elle renferme le corps et en constitue une protection. Par conséquent, si ce lien entre la peau et la personne doit être mis en exergue, il doit également se conjuguer avec le lien qui existe entre la peau et le corps, afin d’assurer, non seulement une cohérence entre les différents principes juridiques qui s’appliquent alternativement à la peau en fonction de son entité de rattachement mais également, de garantir une protection effective de la peau quelle que soit cette entité de rattachement. / Human skin is a singular element that covers the body and allows everyone to benefit from the sense of touch. Described as a tissue of the human body, now the skin is subject to the same legal system enforced to the human body. However, if the skin is a protecting body shell, it is also akin to the person herself because it compose her appearence, contains elements of her identity and conduce to her identification. Therefore, if the skin covers the entire body, it also constitute the person. This makes of the skin a border element of the body and the person. Connected with this two dominant entities (person and body), the skin must be construed in a ternary relationship wich would place it in the center of the links between the person and her body. Indeed, the skin is not only an element of the human body because the person benefits from a right to make choices concerning it, even to modify it. But the skin cannot either only be an element of the person because it contains the body and constitutes a protection. However, if this link between the skin and the person must be hightlighted, it also has to merge with the link between the skin and the body to assure, on one hand, a coherence between the various legal principles alternately applied to the skin, according to its entity of pertaining, and, on the other hand, to guarantee an effective protection of the skin whatever is this entity of pertaining.

No description available.