Les violences conjugales faites aux femmes demeurent l’un des plus grands scandales en matière d’usages, de coutumes et de droits humains. Ces travaux ont été réalisés en Iran, à Téhéran, en 2008, dans le cadre de centres médicaux, sur une population de femmes battues.Les hypothèses envisagent que les deux dimensions, tolérance et violence, sont associées de manière significative aux violences physiques, sexuelles, psychologiques et économiques, compte tenu de l'existence d'antécédents de violence dans la famille d’origine, du faible soutien social, du manque de soutien familial, de l' âge et du niveau socio-économique. Cette partie a permis d’établir une base conceptuelle pour organiser le matériel consulté et donner un sens aux résultats des recherches. Les résultats de notre recherche montrent :- Une relation significative et directe entre la violence, l’âge, la durée du couple, l’expérience de la maltraitance (antécédents familiaux), la pression ou l'influence familiale, le manque ou l’absence de soutien économique, l’inquiétude pour les enfants, l’habitude de la violence et la difficulté de vivre ;- une relation significative et inverse entre la violence et le niveau d’étude, l'absence de soutien social, l’attachement au mari et le comportement gênant de celui-ci ;- une absence de relation significative entre la violence et les variables suivantes : le niveau de salaire, la profession des femmes, le nombre d’enfants, le regard négatif porté par la société sur les femmes divorcées, le sentiment de culpabilité, l’espoir d’un changement d’attitude du mari et la mésestime de soi.- Autant de résultats, au moins pour ces derniers, qui ne laissent pas sans surprise / Violence towards a woman, within a married couple, is just unacceptable as regards ethics and Human Rights. This study about battered wives was carried out in various medical centers in Tehran, Iran, in 2008. Tolerance and violence are connected in a significant way with physical, sexual, psychological and economic violence and we have to take into account such elements as age, a history of violence in the family, a lack of social and family support and the social and economic background. We have thus set up a conceptual base to organize the collected information and to make sense with the conclusions of our research. These conclusions show:- A significant and direct link between violence, age, the number of years husband and wife have been living together, the history of violence in the family, the influence or the pressure of the family, the lack of economic support, the concern for the children, the habit of violence and the difficulty to live.- A significant and reverse link between violence and the level of ability, the lack of social support, the attachment to the husband and the husband’s wrong behavior.- No significant link between violence and the following variants : the level of income, the woman’s job, the number of children, the lack of social consideration for a divorced woman, the feeling of guilt, the hope for a change in the husband’s behavior and the lack of self-esteem.Such conclusions, and particularly the third one, are quite a surprise.

Ce travail de thèse consiste en l'étude détaillée des conséquences matérielles et ondulatoires de l'application d'un faisceau laser sur l'orientation d'un film de cristal liquide nématique dans un cadre bien particulier, dénommé la réorientation optique "topologique". Cela correspond en pratique à une situation où la lumière donne naissance à un défaut d'orientation pour le champ de directeur, dont la nature dépend des caractéristiques du champ lumineux excitateur (polarisation, phase, intensité). Après avoir introduit la notion de réorientation optique topologique, identifié et discuté les conditions expérimentales permettant son apparition, le rôle de l'état de polarisation est étudié. Le cas d'un faisceau singulier, structuré en phase ou en polarisation, est ensuite traité. Enfin, la mise en évidence de nouveaux effets nonlinéaires, statique et dynamique, est démontrée. / This thesis deals with a detailed study of the material an optical waves aspects of the lightinducedreorientation of a nematic liquid crystal film in a particular framework, called the optical“topological” reorientation. In practice, it corresponds to a situation where a laser beaminduces an orientational topological defect for the director field, whose nature depends on thecharacteristics of the excitation light field (polarization, phase, intensity). First, the concept oftopological optical reorientation is introduced and the experimental conditions for its appearanceare discussed and experimentally verified. Then, the role of the polarization state of a Gaussianlight beam excitation is investigated, followed with the more complex situation of singular lightbeams with structured phase or polarization. Finally, we report on self-induced nonlinear opticalmanifestations of the topological reorientation, which include the experimental identificationand discussion of novel singular phenomena such as nonlinear spin-orbit interaction of light andself-induced vortex beam precession.

Cette recherche qualitative et exploratoire porte sur la construction identitaire de l’homme marié violent au Liban. Elle s’appuie notamment sur les discours de l’homme violent et de la femme violentée (récits de vie, interrogatoires juridiques, questionnaires) et aussi sur le discours de personnes-ressources non violentes. La construction identitaire de l’homme violent au Liban est liée au système patriarcal fortement ancré dans la culture, les institutions et la vie des Libanais. L’homme évolue en fonction de 3 prototypes :- masculin : dominant, pourvoyeur, protecteur, agressif- féminin : soumise, femme au foyer, disponible, douce- du couple : verrouillage des autres prototypes dans une complémentarité sexisteLa violence masculine traduit la place de l’homme dans le couple (violences symboliques et violences spontanées), elle traduit aussi sa volonté de conserver l’ordre patriarcal dans la famille car toute évolution des prototypes notamment celui de la femme est sentie par l’homme comme une menace contre sa masculinité (violences interactionnelles). La violence est accentuée car le Liban évolue sous l’empire de stress, ce qui met les rôles patriarcaux en question en permanence. La trajectoire identitaire de l’homme violent libanais montre qu’il a un père autoritaire et sévère, parfois faible. Sa mère pourrait être envahissante, absente ou ambivalente. Du point de vue couple l’homme violent cherche le couple fusionnel car il traduit parfaitement la complémentarité patriarcale sexiste. L’ordre social patriarcal libanais est en perpétuelle reproduction engendrant des hommes sexistes prêts à devenir violents. La femme est encerclée par la violence même, sa honte d’être femme battue et/ou femme divorcée, mais aussi à cause du tiers d’idéologie sexiste : parents, amis, société, institutions concernées. La lutte contre la violence conjugale au Liban doit être totale : contre la violence, les inégalités de genre et la culture patriarcale. / This qualitative and exploratory research is about the construction of the identity of the violent married man in Lebanon. It is based on different sources, the violent man, the battered woman discourse (biography, court records, and questionnaires) and the discourse of non-violent resource-person. The construction of the identity of the violent man in Lebanon is related to the patriarchal system which is strongly anchored in the culture, institution and life of the Lebanese. In this environment man evolves into three prototypes:- The masculine: dominant, protector, provider, aggressive.- The feminine: submissive, housewife, available, soft.- The couple: the clamping of the two other prototypes in one complementary sexist relationship.The masculine violence can reflect the man’s place in the couple (symbolic violence, spontaneous violence), and can also show the willingness to conserve the patriarchal order in the family because every evolution of prototypes especially the women’s role is felt by man as a threat against his masculinity (interaction violence). Violence is accentuated because Lebanon is a society under stress, which permanently distorts the masculine image. The identity trajectory of the Lebanese violent man shows that he has an authoritarian and severe father figure, or a feeble one. His mother can be overbearing, absent or ambivalent. Concerning the couple, the violent man searches for the fusional couple because it reflects perfectly the sexist patriarchal complementarity. The Lebanese social patriarchal order is in perpetual reproduction generating sexist man ready to become violent. The woman is surrounded by violence, and shame feeling of being a battered woman and/or divorced woman, and because of the others that are sexist: parents, friends, society institutions and concerned responsible. The struggle against violence can only be total: it must be against violence, gender inequality and against patriarchal society.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of Family Studies and Human Services / Karen S. Myers-Bowman / The goals of this study were to investigate the definitions of influence and closeness from the perspectives of the couples, the techniques or approaches couples use to share influence and maintain closeness in their relationships, the themes associated with different relating styles, ways couples handle discrepancies and incompatibilities, and the relationship issues associated with specific relating styles. Eight married couples residing in northeast Kansas were interviewed for this study. The participants were selected through a screening survey distributed to a university student body to collect basic demographics and couple relating styles. The eight couples were chosen because the relating styles they reported were diverse enough to provide the needed maximum variation and a general representation of the sample pool. A style of relating model – couple map was created to help couples visualize how they relate to their partners in terms of influence and closeness. This study begins to fill the gap in the research by creating an integrated model to understand couple relational patterns and by giving voice to couples and allowing them to share their experiences on how they share influence and maintain closeness in their relationships. Through the lens of Symbolic Interaction Theory and Social Exchange Theory, this study sheds light on the cognitive and behavioral strategies couples use to relate to each other while striving to meet personal and mutual needs for influence and closeness in their marriages.

Le but premier de cette thèse est d’explorer de possibles différences de perceptions et d’impressions cliniques chez les psychologues québécois envers les parents et les enfants de familles hétéroparentales et homoparentales dites planifiées, c’est-à-dire dans lesquelles les parents formaient un couple avant de planifier leur projet d’avoir des enfants. Le second but est d’explorer les facteurs liés à ces différences. Un premier article examine des sondages et les recherches portant sur l’évolution de la perception de l’homosexualité et de l’homoparentalité dans la population nord-américaine, chez des étudiants universitaires en psychologie ainsi que chez les psychologues dans les dernières décennies. Ces diverses études semblent indiquer une évolution positive de la perception de l’homosexualité et de l’homoparentalité autant dans la population que chez les psychologues. Cependant, plusieurs recherches identifient parmi les psychologues des différences de perceptions et d’impressions cliniques selon que la personne ou le couple évalué soit homosexuel ou hétérosexuel. Certaines études ont trouvé que des facteurs comme le sexe de l’évaluateur, le degré de contact avec des personnes non hétérosexuelles et la croyance quant aux origines de l’homosexualité pouvaient être liés à ces différences. Aucune recherche n’a étudié les impressions cliniques des psychologues québécois concernant les familles homoparentales et une seule a porté sur leurs perceptions de ces familles. La présente recherche vise modestement à commencer à combler cette lacune en comparant les perceptions et les impressions cliniques des psychologues québécois concernant des familles hétéroparentales et homoparentales planifiées à l’aide d’un questionnaire portant sur quatre versions d’une vignette clinique (un couple gai, lesbien ou hétérosexuel avec deux enfants adoptés et un couple hétérosexuel avec deux enfants biologiques). Le couple consulte pour des difficultés de communication, des difficultés sexuelles et d’éducation des enfants. Au total, 103 psychologues (59,2 % de femmes), membres de l’Ordre des psychologues du Québec, ont répondu au questionnaire portant sur l’une ou l’autre des quatre versions de la vignette. Le milieu de la famille des parents hétérosexuels avec enfants biologiques est jugé significativement moins sain que celui de la famille des parents gais ou lesbiens. Dans la famille des parents gais, les participants ont estimé qu’il était significativement plus probable que la fille souffre d’un trouble anxieux que le garçon. Les participants ayant évalué la famille des parents hétérosexuels avec enfants adoptés ont jugé significativement plus probable que le développement de la fille soit perturbé comparés aux participants ayant évalué la famille des parents gais. La croyance que l’homosexualité est d’origine biologique plutôt qu’un choix délibéré est significativement corrélée avec la perception qu’une famille de parents gais ou lesbiens est un milieu sain pour l’éducation des enfants. Les participants considérant l’homosexualité comme un choix à 60 % ou plus sont significativement plus âgés que ceux qui la considèrent comme étant d’origine biologique à 60 % ou plus. L’effet de désirabilité sociale pourrait expliquer le faible nombre de différences identifiées et les évaluations moins favorables des familles hétérosexuelles. La situation décrite dans la vignette et les questions sont un choix des auteurs, elles pourraient être différentes et arriver à des résultats différents. Malgré ses faiblesses méthodologiques, cette étude ouvre un champ de recherche peu exploré qui pourrait mener à améliorer les interventions auprès des familles homoparentales. Les recherches futures pourraient mieux contrôler la désirabilité sociale et explorer la perception des compétences parentales que les psychologues ont d’un couple gai qui élève une fille. Des familles ayant accédé à la parentalité par d’autres modes pourraient aussi être étudiées (familles ex-hétérosexuelles ou formées par donneur anonyme, par donneur connu ou par mère porteuse).

Backgrounds: Establishing and maintaining a satisfactory and fulfilling partnering relationship after the end of addictology treatment is often a goal that people cite as one of the goals in their next addictive life. Being able to establish, maintain and develop a good partnership is a confirmation of their newly acquired competences and their new role in society. People who have an affiliate relationship from an earlier time when they have used addictive substances now have to face the problems that their dependency .has caused in their relationship. Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to analyze the style of emotional attachment (EA) of individual clients of aftercare programs in their current partnership as a possible source of support or burden that significantly affects their lives and how they solve their problems and describe their satisfaction in these relationships. Study sample: The study sample consisted of 39 respondents who were clients of certified after-treatment addictology services based in the capital city of Prague at the time of the research. The research sample consisted of 19 women and 20 men aged between 19 and 47 years. Methods: The resulting data was obtained using a questionnaire battery of questionnaires: a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, a...

[pt] Este estudo tem como objetivo investigar as influências das famílias de origem na construção do laço conjugal no novo casal. Para tal, realizamos um estudo de caso, utilizando o método quanti-qualitativo. Selecionamos um casal jovem (marido 27; esposa, 28) sem filhos e com pais vivos. Inicialmente aplicamos um questionário de investigação da conjugalidade dos pais (QCP) tal como percebida pelos filhos, em cada membro do casal. Posteriormente, realizamos entrevistas com o casal e seus respectivos pais, totalizando seis sujeitos. A psicodinâmica conjugal de um novo subsistema, o casal, está relacionada aos padrões interacionais estabelecidos em suas famílias de origem. Observamos que modelos relacionais apareceram repetidos em três gerações: na geração dos avós, dos pais e do novo casal. Na transmissão, alguns conteúdos da herança foram transformados, outros foram reproduzidos sem elaboração, na segunda e, sobretudo, na terceira geração, o novo casal. A discussão do material obtido foi embasada nos referenciais psicanalítico e sistêmico. Concluímos que as influências geracionais marcam a construção do laço conjugal, alicerçando a identidade conjugal, algumas vezes de forma construtiva e outras vezes fomentando conflitos. / [en] This study aims to investigate the influences of the families of origin regarding the construction of the conjugal bond in the new couple. Therefore, we did a study using both quantitative and qualitative methods. We selected a young couple (husband 27; wife 28), without children, and whose parents were alive. Initially, a questionnaire investigating the parent´s conjugality (QCP) as perceived by their children, was applied to each member of the couple. Later, we interviewed the couple and their respective parents, making up a total of six subjects. The conjugal dynamic of the new subsystem, the couple, is related to the interactional patterns established in their families of origin. We observed that relational models repeatedly appeared in three generations: in the grandparent´s generation, in the parents and in the new couple. In this transmission some contents of the heritage were transformed, while others were reproduced without further elaboration, both in the second, and mainly in the third generation, that is, the new couple. The discussion of the material obtained was based in psychoanalytic and systemic theories. We concluded that generational influences mark the construction of the conjugal bond, establishing a foundation for conjugal identity, sometimes in a constructive manner and other times inciting conflicts.

A família nuclear sofreu mudanças ao longo das últimas décadas em sua estrutura e na maneira como se relacionam seus membros, principalmente em virtude da emancipação feminina que possibilitou que as mulheres construíssem uma carreira profissional e não se restringissem ao papel de mãe. A presente tese teve como objetivo principal compreender como a parentalidade apresenta-se em casais heterossexuais de classe média-alta com filhos de até três anos, cujos membros têm entre 30 e 40 anos de idade. Como objetivos secundários, buscou-se compreender o lugar que a escola e o pediatra ocupam junto às funções parentais e identificar a noção que os entrevistados têm acerca do cuidado oferecido às crianças. Foram entrevistados oito casais, assim como os pediatras e as coordenadoras das escolas responsáveis, respectivamente, pelos filhos dos casais participantes, e as entrevistas foram gravadas. A análise dos dados foi realizada a partir do referencial psicanalítico, com ênfase na teoria winnicottiana do amadurecimento pessoal e de estudos psicossociais e de gênero. Os resultados foram discutidos a partir de quatro categorias: 1) o cuidado materno e o cuidado parental; 2) possibilidades de cuidado: terceirização e compartilhamento; 3) o cuidar na interface com o educar: como se lida com os limites e a frustração; e 4) o parental, o conjugal e o individual. A partir desse estudo, observou-se que parecem coexistir tradição e inovação no que diz respeito à dinâmica da parentalidade, e que a apropriação da parentalidade pode ser discutida em dois âmbitos. No âmbito do casal, a parentalidade caracterizou-se por 1) maior fluidez nos papéis parentais; 2) cuidado parental igualitário, com predomínio no discurso de atribuição de maior valor à figura materna; ou 3) rompimento com o binarismo de gênero no exercício parental, com predomínio da responsabilidade pelos cuidados em um dos cônjuges. Em um segundo âmbito, considerando a parceria estabelecida entre os pais e os profissionais da saúde e da educação, estes apareceram como representantes do social que oferecem suporte e confiança ao casal, e nesse sentindo oferecem holding ao holding parental, além de aparecerem como ocupantes de um lugar de orientação (no caso dos pediatras), ou de substitutos momentâneos das funções parentais, de parceria junto aos pais e/ou de terceiros, representantes da cultura, que se interpõem entre pais e filho (no caso das escolas). Dentre as noções de cuidados encontradas nos discursos dos entrevistados, destacamos o paradoxo vivido pelos pais entre uma maior quantidade de possibilidades de caminhos de vida e diversas demandas, relacionadas à satisfação individual, à satisfação conjugal e ao exercício da parentalidade, que pode resultar em vivência de maior autenticidade, mas também em maior angústia. Destacou-se que maternidade e paternidade devem ser compreendidas em suas diferenças pela lógica da alteridade, e não pela diferença de sexo/gênero / The nuclear family has undergone changes over the last decades in its structure and in the way its members relate, mainly because of the feminine emancipation that enabled women to build a professional career, not restricting themselves to the mother role. The main objective of this thesis was to understand how parenting occurs in middle-upper-class heterosexual couples with children up to three years old, whose members are between 30 and 40 years old. As secondary objectives, we sought to understand the place the school and the pediatrician occupy in relation to the parental functions and to identify the notion that the interviewees have about child care. Eight couples, the pediatricians attending the children of these couples and the coordinators of the schools where the children of these couples study were interviewed. The interviews were recorded. Data analysis was carried out based on the psychoanalytical framework, with emphasis on the Winnicottian theory of personal maturation and the psychosocial and gender studies. Results were discussed in four categories: 1) maternal care and parental care; 2) possibilities of care: outsourcing and sharing; 3) to care in the interface with to educate: how to deal with limits and frustration; and 4) the parental, the conjugal and the individual. From this study, it was observed that tradition and innovation seem to coexist in the dynamics of parenting, and that the appropriation of parenting can be discussed in two areas. In the couples context, parenting was characterized by 1) greater fluidity in the parental roles; 2) parental equal care, with discursive predominance of an attribution to the greater value of the maternal figure; or 3) disruption with gender binarism in parental exercise, with a predominant attribution of responsibility to one parent. In a second context, considering the partnership established between parents and health and education professionals, these experts appeared as social representatives that could offer support and trust to the couple. In that sense, they offer holding to the parental holding, besides appearing as occupants of a place of orientation (in the case of pediatricians), or temporary substitutes for parental functions, in partnership with parents and / or third parties, representatives of culture, who stand between parents and children (in the case of schools). Among the notions of care found in the interviewees\' discourses, we highlight the paradox experienced by parents: a greater number of possibilities of life paths and different demands, related to individual satisfaction, marital satisfaction and the exercise of parenting, which may result in experiencing greater authenticity, but also greater anguish. It was emphasized that motherhood and fatherhood should be understood in their differences by the logic of alterity, and not by the difference of sex / gender

Desde o momento da concepção do bebê, seus pais constroem, através dos seus desejos, toda uma rede simbólica para ampará-lo psiquicamente, a mesma rede na qual fazem parte os seus ascendentes. Por meio do nome que seus pais lhe dão, a criança recebe sua inscrição na família e pode nascer subjetivamente. Esta pesquisa se propôs a refletir acerca das motivações inconscientes que permeiam a escolha dos nomes próprios dos filhos primogênitos, pelas mães gestantes, com o intuito de observar a influência do mecanismo de transmissão psíquica nas gerações, especificamente sobre o lugar que esse filho irá ocupar na família atual e na cadeia geracional, além de contribuir com a construção de conhecimento na área da Psicanálise de Casal e Família. Foi utilizada a metodologia clínica-qualitativa para coleta e discussão do conteúdo obtido em entrevistas semi-dirigidas com cinco gestantes, sendo quatro de bebês masculinos e uma, de feminino. Também foi solicitada a realização por parte das gestantes do genograma psicanalítico. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que nos casos analisados os nomes dados aos filhos associam-se aos legados familiares, ao mecanismo de transmissão psíquica e aos conflitos intergeracionais. O ato de nomear os filhos com o sobrenome é também uma das formas de assumir a parentalidade, bem como de inserir a criança em sua continuidade geracional e social / From the moment of the baby\'s conception, the parents build through their desires, an entire symbolic net to support him psychically, the same net that their ancestors are part of. Through the name the parents give, the child receives its enrollment in the family and can be born subjectively. This research aimed to reflect on the unconscious motivations that underlie the choice of the names of the firstborn child, by pregnant mothers, in order to observe the influence of the psychic mechanism of transmission over generations, specifically about the place this child will occupy in the current family and in the generational chain, beyond contributing to building knowledge in the area of Psychoanalysis of couple and family. The clinical qualitative methodology was used for data collection and discussion of the content obtained from the semi-structured interviews with five pregnant women, of four male and one female baby. The psychoanalytic genogram was also requested to the pregnant women. The results showed that in the analysed cases the names given to the children are associated to the family legacy, to the mechanism of psychic transmission and intergenerational conflicts. The act of naming the children with the surname is also one of the ways to assume parenting as well as to include the child in their social and generational continuity

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-06-01T13:56:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila Américo de Lima.pdf: 822080 bytes, checksum: 85922cce708a0f41d321f1da57de1000 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T13:56:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Camila Américo de Lima.pdf: 822080 bytes, checksum: 85922cce708a0f41d321f1da57de1000 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-17 / Abstract: The present work presents the feelings of the therapist in couple‟s therapy. The objective of this research was to explore the functioning of the suffering generated from the clinical care in the therapy process. For the production of this work the Theory Based on Data was used. Sixteen couple‟s therapists from different approaches were interviewed. The results of the research indicated that the characteristics of the couple, problems in the clinical process and difficulties of the therapist at work were the main sources of suffering. Negative emotions and their expression can benefit the therapy in many ways. Such emotions can be used as a therapeutic tool, bringing benefits to the therapist in a professional and personal setting. / O presente trabalho trata dos sentimentos do terapeuta na terapia de casal. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi explorar o funcionamento do sofrimento gerado a partir do atendimento clínico no processo da terapia. Para a produção deste trabalho foi utilizada a Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Foram entrevistados 16 terapeutas de casal de diversas abordagens. Os resultados da pesquisa indicaram que características do casal, problemas no processo clínico e dificuldades próprias do terapeuta no trabalho são as principais fontes de sofrimento. As emoções negativas e sua expressão podem beneficiar a terapia de diversas formas. Tais emoções podem ser usadas como ferramenta terapêutica trazendo benefícios para o cliente e para o terapeuta no âmbito profissional e pessoal.