Text in English / This study offers a close look at Andrew Niccol’s (b 1964) satirical film S1mOne from a biocultural perspective emphasising the technological simulation of a Hollywood celebrity and the farce ensuing from her creation. The film is based on Niccol’s assumption that the hypertrophied culture into which he places his cultural object will be one in which human traits of sociality will be well advanced and the highly demanding genre of satire will be entertaining, persuasive, and on occasion punitive in its ridicule of Hollywood. The study makes a contribution to the idea that a cultural object/text operates as a rapid mechanism for propagating cognition — it shows how Niccol has adapted to less than optimal conditions in his world of Hollywood — in this case he parodies the role of the director of Hollywood films in the figure of Taransky. Cognition is understood as that series of mental processes which include attention, memory, learning (from mimicry as well as other forms), problem solving, ratiocination, and making decisions. Niccol relies on his audience's embodied capacities and skills of recognition, thinking, feeling, remembering, and accounting for his message to be understood. Niccol’s technical skill in editing his narrative to emphasise the satire of the narrative of Taransky and Simone is a critical part of the film’s success. Interpersonal and social propagation of cognition is achieved through reference to other cultural artefacts recalling a variety of similar ideas used in film and other visual creations. The cultural significance of the simulacrum, Simone, is that she is a vehicle for and a form of socially propagated cognition. The powerful imagistic impression of film helps to structure internalised cognitive artefacts in the viewers who are expected to reflect on their habits of viewing and thinking. When a film, artwork, poem or novel is analysed, then such a cultural object becomes a vehicle of and for propagating cognition. / Art History, Visual Arts and Musicology / D. Litt. et Phil. (Art History)

Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-03-28T14:37:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2200397 bytes, checksum: fa2b77afd6348b68a616a33acb7c7cb2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-28T14:37:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 2200397 bytes, checksum: fa2b77afd6348b68a616a33acb7c7cb2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The aim of this thesis is to present some controllability results for some fluid mechanic models. More precisely, we will prove the existence of controls that steer the solution of our system from a prescribed initial state to a desired final state at a given positive time. The two first Chapters deal with the controllability of the Burgers-α and Leray-α models. The Leray-α model is a regularized variant of the Navier-Stokes system (α is a small positive parameter), that can also be viewed as a model for turbulent flows; the Burgers-α model can be viewed as a related toy model of Leray-α. We prove that the Leray-α and Burgers-α models are locally null controllable, with controls uniformly bounded in α. We also prove that, if the initial data are sufficiently small, the pair state-control (that steers the solution to zero) for the Leray-α system (resp. the Burgers-α system) converges as α → 0+ to a pair state-control(that steers the solution to zero) for the Navier-Stokes equations (resp. the Burgers equation). The third Chapter is devoted to the boundary controllability of inviscid incompressible fluids for which thermal effects are important. They will be modeled through the so called Boussinesq approximation. In the zero heat diffusion case, by adapting and extending some ideas from J.-M. Coron [14] and O. Glass [45], we establish the simultaneous global exact controllability of the velocity field and the temperature for 2D and 3D flows. When the heat diffusion coefficient is positive, we present some additional results concerning exact controllability for the velocity field and local null controllability of the temperature. In the last Chapter, we prove the local exact controllability to the trajectories for a coupled system of the Boussinesq kind, with a reduced number of controls. In the state system, the unknowns are: the velocity field and pressure of the fluid (y, p), the temperature θ and an additional variable c that can be viewed as the concentration of a contaminant solute. We prove several results, that essentially show that it is sufficient to act locally in space on the equations satisfied by θ and c. / O objetivo desta tese é apresentar alguns resultados controlabilidade para alguns modelos da mecânica dos fluidos. Mais precisamente, provaremos a existência de controles que conduzem a solução do nosso sistema de um estado inicial prescrito à um estado final desejado em um tempo positivo dado. Os dois primeiros Capítulos preocupam-se com a controlabilidade dos modelos de Burgers-α e Leray-α. O modelo de Leray-α é uma variante regularizada do sistema de Navier-Stokes (α é umparâmetro positivo pequeno), que pode também ser visto como um modelo de fluxos turbulentos; já o modelo Burgers-α pode ser visto como um modelo simplificado de Leray-α. Provamos que os modelos de Leray-α e Burgers-α são localmente controláveis a zero, com controles limitados uniformemente em α. Também provamos que, se os dados iniciais são suficientemente pequenos, o par estado-controle (que conduz a solução a zero) para o sistema de Leray-α (resp. para o sistema de Burgers-α) converge quando α → 0+ a um par estado-controle (que conduz a solução a zero) para as equações de Navier-Stokes (resp. para a equação de Burgers). O terceiro Capítulo é dedicado à controlabilidade de fluidos incompressíveis invíscidos nos quais os efeitos térmicos são importantes. Estes fluidos são modelados através da então chamada Aproximação de Boussinesq. No caso emque não há difusão de calor, adaptando e estendendo algumas idéias de J.-M. Coron [14] e O. Glass [45], estabelecemos a controlabilidade exata global simultaneamente do campo velocidade e da temperatura para fluxos em 2D e 3D. Quando o coeficiente de difusão do calor é positivo, apresentamos alguns resultados sobre a controlabilidade exata global para o campo velocidade e controlabilidade nula local para a temperatura. No último Capítulo, provamos a controlabilidade exata local à trajetórias de um sistema acoplado do tipo Boussinesq, com um número reduzido de controles. Nesse sistema, as incógnitas são: o campo velocidade e a pressão do fluido (y, p), a temperatura θ e uma variável adicional c que pode ser vista como a concentração de um soluto contaminante. Provamos vários resultados, que essencialmente mostram que é suficiente atuar localmente no espaço sobre as equações satisfeitas por θ e c.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T15:07:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 IsacCJ_DISSERT.pdf: 1949059 bytes, checksum: dd9548aaca6ef14a8a29ea281a293986 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The robustness and performance of the Variable Structure Adaptive Pole Placement Controller are evaluated in this work, where this controller is applied to control a synchronous generator connected to an infinite bus. The evaluation of the robustness of this controller will be accomplished through simulations, where the control algorithm was subjected to adverse conditions, such as: disturbances, parametric variations and unmodeled dynamic. It was also made a comparison of this control strategy with another one, using classic controllers. In the simulations, it is used a coupled model of the synchronous generator which variables have a high degree of coupling, in other words, if there is a change in the input variables of the generator, it will change all outputs simultaneously. The simulation results show which control strategy performs better and is more robust to disturbances, parametric variations and unmodeled dynamics for the control of Synchronous Generator / A robustez e o desempenho do Controlador Adaptativo por Posicionamento de Polos e Estrutura Variavel s?o avaliados neste trabalho, onde este controlador e aplicado para o controle de um Gerador Sncrono conectado a um barramento infi- nito. A avaliac?o da robustez deste controlador sera realizada atraves de simulac?es, onde o algoritmo de controle foi submetido a condic?es adversas, tais como: perturba c?es, variac?es parametricas e din?mica n?o modelada. Tambem foi feita uma comparac?o desta estrategia de controle, com outra utilizando controladores classicos. Nas simulac?es, e utilizado o modelo acoplado do gerador sncrono, onde suas variaveis apresentam um alto grau de acoplamento, ou seja, se houver alterac?o em uma das variaveis de entrada do gerador todas as suas sadas ser?oo alteradas simultaneamente. Os resultados das simulac?es demonstram qual estrategia de controle apresenta melhor desempenho, e e mais robusta a perturbac?es, variac?es parametricas e din?mica n?o modelada para o controle do Gerador S?ncrono

We discuss the so-called two-temperature model in linear thermoelasticity and provide a Hilbert space framework for proving well-posedness of the equations under consideration. With the abstract perspective of evolutionary equations, the two-temperature model turns out to be a coupled system of the elastic equations and an abstract ordinary differential equation (ODE). Following this line of reasoning, we propose another model which is entirely an abstract ODE.We also highlight an alternative method for a two-temperature model, which might be of independent interest.

In this paper we propose an algorithm for solving systems of coupled monotone inclusions in Hilbert spaces. The operators arising in each of the inclusions of the system are processed in each iteration separately, namely, the single-valued are evaluated explicitly (forward steps), while the set-valued ones via their resolvents (backward steps). In addition, most of the steps in the iterative scheme can be executed simultaneously, this making the method applicable to a variety of convex minimization problems. The numerical performances of the proposed splitting algorithm are emphasized through applications in average consensus on colored networks and image classification via support vector machines.

Ce travail s’inscrit dans un contexte de contrôle de la pollution des ressources en eau. On s’intéresse plus particulièrement à l’impact des engrais d’origine agricole sur la qualité de l’eau, en alliant modélisation économique et hydrogéologique. Pour cela, nous définissons d’une part un objectif économique spatio-temporel prenant en compte le compromis entre l’utilisation d’engrais et les coûts de dépollution. D’autre part, nous décrivons le transport du polluant dans le sous-sol (3D en espace) par un système non linéaire d’équations aux dérivées partielles couplées de type parabolique (réaction-convection-dispersion) et elliptique dans un domaine borné. Nous prouvons l’existence globale d’une solution au problème de contrôle optimal. L’unicité est quant à elle démontrée par analyse asymptotique pour le problème effectif tenant compte de la faible concentration d’engrais en sous-sol. Nous établissons les conditions nécessaires d’optimalité et le problème adjoint associé à notre modèle. Quelques exemples analytiques sont donnés et illustrés. Nous élargissons ces résultats au cadre de la théorie des jeux, où plusieurs joueurs interviennent, et prouvons notamment l’existence d’un équilibre de Nash. Enfin, ce travail est illustré par des résultats numériques (2D en espace), obtenus en couplant un schéma de type Éléments Finis Mixtes avec un algorithme de gradient conjugué non linéaire. / This work is devoted to water ressources pollution control. We especially focus on the impact of agricultural fertilizer on water quality, by combining economical and hydrogeological modeling. We define, on one hand, the spatio-temporal objective, taking into account the trade off between fertilizer use and the cleaning costs. On an other hand, we describe the pollutant transport in the underground (3D in space) by a nonlinear system coupling a parabolic partial differential equation (reaction-advection-dispersion) with an elliptic one in a bounded domain. We prove the global existence of the solution of the optimal control problem. The uniqueness is proved by asymptotic analysis for the effective problem taking into account the low concentration fertilizer. We define the optimal necessary conditions and the adjoint problem associated to the model. Some analytical results are provided and illustrated. We extend these results within the framework of game theory, where several players are involved, and we prove the existence of a Nash equilibrium. Finally, this work is illustrated by numerical results (2D in space), produced by coupling a Mixed Finite Element scheme with a nonlinear conjugate gradient algorithm.

In this work, low dimensional iron group clusters have been studied by application of high magnetic fields. The magnetization has been probed with an MPMS as function of temperature and field. The combination with pulse field measurements up to 52\,T allowed determination of the magnetic exchange coupling parameters, and to probing the effective spin of the ground state. The main focus was on tunable high-field/high-frequency (tHF) ESR in static fields < 17 T and pulse field ESR up to 36 T. This magnetic resonance method has been used for the characterization of the local magnetic properties: The detailed analysis of the field dependence of dedicated spin states allowed to determine the magnetic anisotropy and g-factors. The results were analyzed in the framework of the appropriate effective spin Hamiltonians in terms of magnetization fits and ESR spectrum simulations.

In this work, low dimensional iron group clusters have been studied by application of high magnetic fields. The magnetization has been probed with an MPMS as function of temperature and field. The combination with pulse field measurements up to 52\,T allowed determination of the magnetic exchange coupling parameters, and to probing the effective spin of the ground state. The main focus was on tunable high-field/high-frequency (tHF) ESR in static fields < 17 T and pulse field ESR up to 36 T. This magnetic resonance method has been used for the characterization of the local magnetic properties: The detailed analysis of the field dependence of dedicated spin states allowed to determine the magnetic anisotropy and g-factors. The results were analyzed in the framework of the appropriate effective spin Hamiltonians in terms of magnetization fits and ESR spectrum simulations.

Diese Arbeit widmet sich der Simulation von elektrischen/elektronischen Schaltungen welche um elektromagnetische Bauelemente erweitert werden. Im Fokus stehen unterschiedliche Kopplungen der Schaltungsgleichungen, modelliert mit der modifizierten Knotenanalyse, und den elektromagnetischen Bauelementen mit deren verfeinerten Modell basierend auf den vollen Maxwell-Gleichungen in der Lorenz-geeichten A-V Formulierung welche durch Finite-Integrations-Technik räumlich diskretisiert werden. Eine numerische Analyse erweitert die topologischen Kriterien für den Index der resultierenden differential-algebraischen Gleichungen, wie sie bereits in anderen Arbeiten mit ähnlichen Feld/Schaltkreis-Kopplungen hergeleitet wurden. Für die Simulation werden sowohl ein monolithischer Ansatz als auch Waveform-Relaxationsmethoden untersucht. Im Mittelpunkt stehen dabei Zeitintegration, Skalierungsmethoden, strukturelle Eigenschaften und ein hybride Ansatz zur Lösung der zugrundeliegenden linearen Gleichungssysteme welcher den Einsatz spezialisierter Löser für die jeweiligen Teilsysteme erlaubt. Da die vollen Maxwell-Gleichungen zusätzliche Ableitungen in der Kopplungsstruktur verursachen, sind bisher existierende Konvergenzaussagen für die Waveform-Relaxation von gekoppelten differential-algebraischen Gleichungen nicht anwendbar und motivieren eine neue Konvergenzanalyse. Auf dieser Analyse aufbauend werden hinreichende topologische Kriterien entwickelt, welche eine Konvergenz von Gauß-Seidel- und Jacobi-artigen Waveform-Relaxationen für die gekoppelten Systeme garantieren. Schließlich werden numerische Benchmarks zur Verfügung gestellt, um die eingeführten Methoden und Theoreme dieser Abhandlung zu unterstützen. / This work is devoted to the simulation of electrical/electronic circuits incorporating electromagnetic devices. The focus is on different couplings of the circuit equations, modeled with the modified nodal analysis, and the electromagnetic devices with their refined model based on full-wave Maxwell's equations in Lorenz gauged A-V formulation which are spatially discretized by the finite integration technique. A numerical analysis extends the topological criteria for the index of the resulting differential-algebraic equations, as already derived in other works with similar field/circuit couplings. For the simulation, both a monolithic approach and waveform relaxation methods are investigated. The focus is on time integration, scaling methods, structural properties and a hybrid approach to solve the underlying linear systems of equations with the use of specialized solvers for the respective subsystems. Since the full-Maxwell approach causes additional derivatives in the coupling structure, previously existing convergence statements for the waveform relaxation of coupled differential-algebraic equations are not applicable and motivate a new convergence analysis. Based on this analysis, sufficient topological criteria are developed which guarantee convergence of Gauss-Seidel and Jacobi type waveform relaxation schemes for introduced coupled systems. Finally, numerical benchmarks are provided to support the introduced methods and theorems of this treatise.

Diese Dissertation befasst sich mit der Analyse von semi-expliziten Systemen aus stochastischen Differentialgleichungen (SDEs) gekoppelt mit stochastischen partiellen Differentialgleichungen (SPDEs) und algebraischen Gleichungen (AEs) mit möglicherweise stochastischen Anteilen in den Operatoren. Diese Systeme spielen eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Modellierung von realen Anwendungen, wie zum Beispiel elektrischen Schaltkreisen und Gasnetzwerken. Der Hauptbeitrag dieser Arbeit besteht darin, einen Rahmen bereitzustellen, in dem diese semiexpliziten Systeme auch bei stochastischen Einflüssen in den algebraischen Randbedingungen eine eindeutige Lösung haben. Wir führen einen numerischen Ansatz für solche Systeme ein und schlagen eine neue Möglichkeit vor, um Konvergenzergebnisse von driftimpliziten Methoden für SDEs auf stochastische Differential-Algebraische Gleichungen (SDAEs) zu erweitern. Dies ist wichtig, da viele Methoden für SDEs gut entwickelt sind, aber im Allgemeinen nicht für SDAEs in Betracht gezogen werden. Darüber hinaus untersuchen wir praktische Anwendungen in der Schaltkreis- und Gasnetzwerksimulation und diskutieren die dabei auftretenden Herausforderungen und Einschränkungen. Insbesondere stellen wir dabei auch einen Modellierungsansatz für Gasnetzwerke bestehend aus Rohren und algebraischen Komponenten vor. Abschließend testen wir in beiden Anwendungsfeldern die numerische Konvergenz anhand konkreter Beispiele mit verschiedenen Arten von stochastischer Modellierung. / This dissertation delves into the analysis of semi-explicit systems of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) coupled with stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) and algebraic equations (AEs) with possibly noise-driven operators. These systems play a crucial role in modeling real-world applications, such as electrical circuits and gas networks. The main contribution of this work is to provide a setting in which these semi-explicit systems have a unique solution even with stochastic influences in the algebraic constraints. We introduce a numerical approach for such systems and propose a new approach for extending convergence results of drift-implicit methods for SDEs to stochastic differential-algebraic equations (SDAEs). This is important, as many methods are well-developed for SDEs but generally not considered for SDAEs. Furthermore, we examine practical applications in circuit and gas network simulation, discussing the challenges and limitations encountered. In particular, we provide a modeling approach for gas networks consisting of pipes and algebraic components. To conclude, we test numerical convergence in both application settings on concrete examples with different types of stochastic modeling.