Bacterial organisms continuously maintain homeostasis even in changing environments. This ability to maintain homeostasis is especially critical for pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria, which must adapt to both abiotic and biotic host environments. Both types of environments present unique limitations and conditions. Transition metal homeostasis under these varying conditions is important for bacterial survival. Transition metals such as zinc, cobalt, iron and copper are essential for cell survival, but become toxic if in excess. The host organism often takes advantage of this requirement by greatly limiting access to transition metals to limit infections, but in other environments, toxic levels of metal may be present. Bacterial organisms have developed many mechanisms to maintain transition metal homeostasis. This study focuses on two bacterial systems that are utilized to maintain metal balance; the heme-acquiring iron surface determinant (Isd) system of Bacillus anthracis and the copper and silver export Cus system of Escherichia coli. Host organisms use many proteins and systems to limit iron access from pathogenic bacteria, known as nutrient immunity. B. anthracis must acquire iron from the host organism upon infection and so has evolved multiple iron acquisition systems. The Isd system employs two extracellular proteins, IsdX1 and IsdX2, to remove heme from hemoglobin to use as an iron source. Once bound to heme, these hemophores transfer heme to a cell surface attached protein, IsdC, which further relays the molecule to be transferred into the cell for iron use. This study focused on the kinetics of heme transfer to better understand how acquisition occurs. This study determined that the oxidation state of the iron-heme molecule plays a significant role in the kinetics of heme acquisition by IsdX1 and subsequent transfer to IsdC. This work clarifies and further establishes the mechanism of iron acquisition by B. anthracis during infection. Copper and silver are used in many settings as antimicrobial agents, including as an alternative to antibiotic drugs. Pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria, such as E. coli, experience stress upon contact with copper and silver surfaces and materials. Copper is an essential transition metal, while silver is not biologically used, but both become toxic when in excess due to redox properties and disruption of biological molecules. E. coli utilizes several systems to remove excess copper and silver to resist toxicity. The Cus system, consisting of the soluble CusF and tripartite pump CusCBA, specifically exports copper and silver from the periplasm. Several roles of CusF have been suggested from in vitro data. The components CusAB were hypothesized to be the essential proteins of the CusCBA pump, while the outer membrane unit may not contribute specificity or be necessary for export. This study focused on the role and importance of CusF and outer membrane channel CusC during copper stress in vivo. An in vivo interaction between CusF and CusB was identified during copper stress. The data from this work indicate that cusF and cusC directly affect intracellular copper accumulation. Furthermore, this study revealed that SdsP may play in a secondary role to CusC to complement CusC to maintain copper resistance. This works establishes the importance of CusC as the main outer membrane component during copper export in E. coli.

Th.--Lett.--Paris IV, 1982. / Bibliogr. p. 275-281 . Index.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-04T13:12:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 florencepereiranovaisantunes.pdf: 6342982 bytes, checksum: b846018e0b6dd62bd5ea051a6710659a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T15:55:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 florencepereiranovaisantunes.pdf: 6342982 bytes, checksum: b846018e0b6dd62bd5ea051a6710659a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T15:55:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 florencepereiranovaisantunes.pdf: 6342982 bytes, checksum: b846018e0b6dd62bd5ea051a6710659a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-03 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Associada à redução das emissões veiculares, o principal processo de interesse no hidrotratamento é a hidrodessulfurização, HDS, na qual o átomo de enxofre presente nas moléculas organosulfuradas é adsorvido no catalisador e reage com hidrogênio, formando sulfeto de hidrogênio (H2S) e os hidrocarbonetos livres de heteroátomos. As reações de HDS são exotérmicas e irreversíveis, sendo que seu mecanismo envolve reações de hidrogenólise – quebra da ligação CS – e de hidrogenação – saturação das duplas ligações. Existem divergências na literatura sobre o mecanismo dessas reações. O interesse pela área de materiais relacionados às reações deste tipo e à catálise heterogênea está em constante expansão devido à possibilidade de produzir diversos tipos de materiais de grande aplicabilidade e custos menos onerosos. Os estudos sobre HDS buscam o desenvolvimento de catalisadores com maior capacidade para promover uma remoção mais efetiva do enxofre, além de esclarecimentos referentes ao seu mecanismo. Os catalisadores mais comumente usados são compostos que possuem estruturas de MoS2 como fase ativa. Apesar de possuir atividade catalítica na forma mássica, o MoS2 geralmente é suportado em uma superfície com extensa área como suporte, geralmente óxidos, sendo a γalumina a mais utilizada. Existem diversos estudos recentes reportando uso de outros tipos de óxidos, como TiO2, sílica, zeólitas, ZrO2, MgO e óxidos mistos. No presente trabalho, é feita a proposta de dois tipos de estruturas de catalisadores de sulfeto de molibdênio suportados em MgO, através de cálculos ab initio. É de aceitação geral, hoje em dia, que a atividade dos catalisadores de HDS está fundamentalmente ligada à existência de vacâncias aniônicas de enxofre, situadas, predominantemente, nas bordas dos cristalitos da fase ativa, já que o enxofre dos planos basais está muito fortemente ligado para permitir a formação destas vacâncias. Levandose em conta que a formação de vacâncias é uma etapa crucial para HDS, procuramos obter informações estruturais mais precisas que auxiliem no entendimento dessa etapa da reação. Para isso mostramos o estudo da formação de sítios coordenativamente insaturados na borda do sulfeto de molibdênio suportado em MgO. Além disso, discutimos a interação do sulfeto com o suporte, variando o número de camadas de sulfeto e a presença de átomo promotor de cobalto na borda. Com isso, procuramos fornecer informações estruturais de modelos teóricos de MoS2 suportado em MgO utilizando DFT a fim de contribuir com estudos nesse contexto. Para isso, foi calculada a energia de formação de vacâncias, diferença da densidade de cargas eletrônicas, pDOS e análise das cargas de Bader. Concluímos que tanto o suporte quanto o átomo promotor influenciam na formação de vacâncias na borda do sulfeto de molibdênio suportado em MgO. A influência dessas variáveis está em dependência com o tamanho da lamela, proporções de átomos de enxofre de borda e tipo de interação do sulfeto com o suporte. Em geral podemos afirmar que os dois agem de modo a diminuir a energia de formação de vacâncias, contribuindo para a melhora dessa etapa. / With respect to the reduction of pollutant emission of vehicles, the main process of hydrotreatment is the hydrodesulfurization, HDS, in which the sulfur atom of the organosulfur molecules is adsorved on the catalyst and reacts with hydrogen forming hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and heteroatomfree hydrocarbons. The HDS reactions are exothermic and irreversible and their mechanisms involve hydrogenolysis reactions – the break of CS bond – and the hydrogenation – saturation of double bonds. There are many divergences in the literature about the mechanism of these reactions. The interest about these types of reactions and the heterogenous catalysis in the material field is in constant expansion due to the possibility of producing several types of materials with great applicabilities and inferior costs. The studies about HDS seek the development of catalysts with a higher capacity to promote a more effective removal of sulfur besides the elucidation of their mechanisms. The catalysts more commonly used are compounds which possess MoS2 structures as the active phase. Even though it has catalytic activity in the bulk structure, the MoS2 is generally supported on a surface with an extended area, usually oxides such as alumina, which is the most utilized. There are many recent studies γ reporting the use of other types of oxides such as TiO2, silica, zeolites, ZrO2, MgO and mixed oxides. In this present work, a proposition of two types of catalyst structures of molybdenum sulfides supported on MgO is done by means of ab initio calculations. It is commonly accepted nowadays that the activity of HDS catalysts is greatly related to the existence of anionic vacancies of sulfur located majorly on the edges of the active phase, since the sulfurs of the basal planes are strongly bonded to permit the formation of these vacancies. Taking into account that the vacancy formation is a crucial step for HDS, we sought to obtain more precise structural information to assist the understanding of this reaction step. Thereby, we presented the study of the formation of the coordenative unsaturated sites on the edge of the molybdenum sulfide supported on MgO. Moreover, we discussed about the interaction between the sulfide and the support by varying the amount of the sulfide layers and the presence of the cobalt atom on the edge. Thereby, we sought to provide structural information on the theoretical models of MoS2 supported on MgO using DFT in order to contribute with studies in this context. In order to do that, we calculated the energy of the vacancy formation, the difference of the charge densities, pDOS and Bader charge analysis. We concluded that the support and the promoting atoms influence the formation of the vacancies on the edge of the molybdenum supported on MgO. The influence of these variables depends on the size of the layer, the proportions of the sulfur atoms on the edge and the type of the interaction of the sulfide on the support. In short, we can confirm that both act to decrease the energy of the vacancy formation, thus contributing to the improvement of this step.

[pt] Os catalisadores de Ni/ZrO2, Ni/CaZrO2, Ni/SiO2 e Ni/Mg(Al)O foram empregados na reação de metanação do CO2. Os catalisadores foram caracterizados por XPS, XRD e os dados foram tratados pelo método de refinamento de Rietveld, EPR, TPR, TPSR de CO2 [mais] H2 e CO [mais] H2, reação modelo de desidrogenação do ciclohexano, TPD de CO2, análise química (FRX) e área superficial (BET). Com o objetivo de investigar o papel do suporte durante a metanação do CO2, os catalisadores foram preparados de modo a se obter a mesma área metálica de níquel. Os comportamentos catalíticos desses catalisadores na metanação do CO2 foram avaliados através de testes catalíticos convencionais e da taxa da reação. O catalisador Ni/ZrO2 apresentou maior atividade e seletividade para a metanação de CO2 quando comparado com os catalisadores de Ni/Mg(Al) O e Ni/SiO2. Sugere-se que as vacâncias de oxigênio sejam responsáveis pelo melhor desempenho do catalisador Ni/ZrO2. Ca foi adicionado ao catalisador Ni/ZrO2 com o objetivo de aumentar as vacâncias oxigênio. A área da superfície metálica do catalisador contendo Ca não se alterou, enquanto a taxa de consumo de CO2 quase triplicou. As análises de DRX, XPS e EPR mostraram que principalmente Ca[mais]2, mas também ions de Ni2[mais] estão na superfície da rede de ZrO2 no catalisador Ni/CaZrO2. Esses cátions formam vacâncias de oxigênio e pares de sítios de coordenação insaturados (cus), os quais são pares de sítios básicos e ácidos fortes. Em resumo, os dados obtidos indicaram que aumentando a concentração destes pares de sítios pela adição de Ca no Ni/ZrO2, não só aumenta a quantidade de CO2 adsorvido, mas também aumenta o número de sitios ativos da etapa limitante da reação. / [en] The Ni/ZrO2, Ni/CaZrO2, Ni/SiO2 and Ni/Mg(Al)O catalysts were employed in the CO2 methanation. The catalysts were characterized by XPS (reduced in situ and passivated), XRD (reduced in situ and passivated along with Rietveld refinement), EPR, TPSR of CO2 plus H2 and CO plus H2, cyclohexane dehydrogenation model reaction, CO2-TPD and chemical analysis. The metallic area of all of these catalysts was prepared to be similar among them in order to investigate the role of the support during the methanation of CO2. The behaviors of these catalysts in the CO2 methanation were analyzed employing a conventional catalytic test. The Ni/ZrO2 catalyst exhibited the highest activity and selectivity toward the methanation of CO2 against Ni/Mg(Al)O and Ni/SiO2. Oxygen vacancies are suggested to be responsible for the excellent performance of the Ni/ZrO2 catalyst. Based on the above, Ca was added to the Ni/ZrO2 catalyst, the metallic area did not change whereas the CO2 consumption rate almost tripled. The XRD, XPS and EPR analyses showed that mainly Ca positive 2 but also some Ni2 positive are on the ZrO2 lattice surface of the Ni/CaZrO2 catalyst. These cations form oxygen vacancies and unsaturated coordination sites (cus) pairs, which are strong basic and acid sites pairs, respectively. In short, increasing the concentration of these pairs by adding Ca to Ni/ZrO2, not only does the amount of CO2 adsorbed increase, but also the number of active sites of the rate limiting step, which is enhanced leading to an increase of the Zr based catalyst activity in the CO2 methanation.

Transition metals such as copper, zinc and nickel are required in many enzymatic processes that require redox changes. When transition metal concentration exceeds a certain threshold, their redox and metal binding properties make these elements extremely toxic. Bacteria regulate the cellular concentration of these important, yet toxic, elements using elaborate homeostatic systems. One such mechanism is the chemiosmotic extrusion of copper by the Cus system in the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli. This work studies the regulation of the Cus system in response to copper and silver ions. Copper is an essential cofactor required in many enzymatic processes. But its redox properties can lead to toxicity. Silver is chemically similar to copper, but is not bioactive and its presence in cells can lead to extreme cytotoxicity. Transcription from cusCFBA genes is controlled by the CusR/CusS TCS in response to elevated levels of copper or silver in the periplasmic space of E. coli. Extracellular signals are transduced into the cell through phosphotransfer reactions between the prototypical histidine kinase CusS and the response regulator CusR. Copper sensing by the periplasmic domain of CusS is proposed to initiate signal transduction in the Cus system. Despite the frequency with which bacteria employ histidine kinases to sense their environment, signal recognition and incorporation by the protein is not well understood. The goal of this research is to investigate the role of CusS in regulating metal homeostasis in E. coli and characterize the periplasmic domain of the protein to determine its metal binding properties. The experiments described in this work reveal that the CusS is essential for copper and silver resistance and regulates expression from the cusCFBA promoter region. Signal recognition occurs by direct metal binding by the periplasmic domain of CusS. Metal binding causes a change in the secondary structure of the domain and its tendency to dimerize is enhanced under these conditions. The possibility of signal attenuation by interaction with the metallochaperone CusF is also discussed. These data help construct a model for signal transduction in the Cus system and help characterize, for the first time, a metal-responsive sensor histidine kinase in E. coli.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-20T17:10:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-05-14. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-20T17:25:40Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000841122.pdf: 768505 bytes, checksum: ea3dcf25ec3fb913467d9df7e46363cf (MD5) / O romance Os cus de Judas, publicado em 1979, integra o que o seu autor, António Lobo Antunes, chamou de ciclo de aprendizagem. Nesta fase inicial de sua vasta trajetória como romancista, em que se destaca a experiência vivida pelo autor em Angola, nos derradeiros anos da Guerra Colonial, já estão também presentes alguns elementos estéticos, temáticos e estruturais que serão desenvolvidos ao longo de sua produção romanesca, garantido assim sua singularidade no profícuo universo do romance português contemporâneo. Em sua construção ficcional, Lobo Antunes tem a memória como elemento primordial de seus romances e crônicas, configurando tempos e espaços específicos nos quais os mitos fundadores da identidade portuguesa são postos em cheque. Neste sentido, nosso objetivo é verificar como são articulados os conceitos de tempo, memória e identidade, a fim de compreender não só as estratégias narrativas e discursivas do autor, mas também sua relação com a contemporaneidade nos horizontes da pós-modernidade e do pós-modernismo na literatura portuguesa. Para tanto, adotamos como metodologia o estudo inicial da relação entre história, ficção e testemunho, seguido de uma reflexão sobre o tempo, a memória e a imaginação adotando como referência os estudos de Paul Ricoeur. Nossa pesquisa avança com a reflexão sobre identidade no contexto pós-colonial, compreendendo o romance como uma narrativa de regresso. Por fim, nossa pesquisa alia-se aos estudos que mostram o quanto o universo literário de António Lobo Antunes é paradigmático de um discurso marcado por um mal-estar característico da pós-modernidade, pela morte, por impossibilidades e incertezas, resultantes da uma experiência traumática, simultaneamente individual e coletiva que foi a Guerra Colonial / The novel Os cus de Judas, published in 1979, is part of what the author, António Lobo Antunes, called the learning cycle. At this early stage of his extensive career as a novelist, which highlights the experience by the author in Angola, in the latter years of the Colonial War, are already present some aesthetic, thematic and structural elements to be developed throughout his novelistic production, what ensures its uniqueness in the profitable world of contemporary Portuguese novel. In his fictional construction, Lobo Antunes has memory as a core component of his novels and essays, setting specific times and spaces in which the founding myths of Portuguese identity are put in check. In this sense, our goal is to see how are articulated the concepts of time, memory and identity in order to understand not only the narrative and discursive strategies of the author, but also its relationship to contemporary horizons in the post-modern and post- modernism in Portuguese literature. Therefore, we adopted as a methodology the initial study of the relationship between history, fiction and testimony, followed by a reflection on time, memory and imagination taking as the main reference the studies of Paul Ricoeur. Our research puts forward a reflection on identity in the postcolonial context, comprising the novel as a return of narrative. Finally, our research combines up to studies that show how the literary universe of António Lobo Antunes is paradigmatic of a speech marked by a malaise characteristic of postmodernity, by death, by impossibilities and uncertainties resulting from a traumatic experience, both individual and collective that was the Colonial War

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-11-12T14:44:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielAzevedoDeBritoDamasceno_DISSERT.pdf: 1484595 bytes, checksum: 579485d8825b9a642a20df91ae7b7fcc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Elisangela Moura (lilaalves@gmail.com) on 2015-11-16T12:38:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielAzevedoDeBritoDamasceno_DISSERT.pdf: 1484595 bytes, checksum: 579485d8825b9a642a20df91ae7b7fcc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-16T12:38:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GabrielAzevedoDeBritoDamasceno_DISSERT.pdf: 1484595 bytes, checksum: 579485d8825b9a642a20df91ae7b7fcc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-28 / A esp?cie Opuntia f?cus-indica (L.) Mill ? uma cact?cea pertencente ao ecossistema Caatinga e apresenta em sua composi??o qu?mica flavonoides, ?cido galactur?nico e a??cares. Foram desenvolvidos diferentes extratos vegetais hidroglic?licos (EHG001 e EHG002) e hidroetan?licos posteriormente liofilizados (EHE001 e EHE002), dentro os quais o EHE002 teve sua composi??o fitoqu?mica preliminar investigada por cromatografia em camada delgada e observada a predomin?ncia de flavonoides. Foram preparadas diferentes formula??es na forma de emuls?es com o Sodium Polyacrylate (and) Hydrogenated Polydecene (and) Trideceth-6 (Rapithix? A60) e com o Polyacrylamide (and) C13-14 Isoparaffin (and) Laureth-7 (Sepigel? 305) e em gel com o Sodium Polyacrylate (Rapithix? A100). O estudo de avalia??o sensorial foi realizado utilizando a metodologia check-all-thatapply. N?o foram verificadas diferen?as significativas entre as notas atribu?das ?s formula??es, por?m, foi observada prefer?ncia pelas formuladas com o 1,5% de Rapithix? A100 e com 3,0% de Sepigel? 305. Essas e a formula??o com 3% de Rapithix? A60 foram aditivadas com 1% do extrato hidroglic?lico (EHG001) e submetidas aos testes de estabilidades preliminar e acelerada. No estudo de estabilidade acelerada, as amostras foram estocadas em diferentes temperaturas durante 90 dias. As caracter?sticas organol?pticas, determina??o do valor de pH e comportamento reol?gico foram avaliados. Ao final do estudo, as emuls?es com 3,0% de Sepigel? 305 e 3% de Rapithix? A60 foram consideradas est?veis com caracter?sticas pseudopl?sticas e tixotr?picas. A efic?cia cl?nica hidratante das formula??es contendo 3,0% de Sepigel? 305 aditivadas com 1 e 3% do EHG001 foi realizada por meio do m?todo da capacit?ncia (Corneometer?) e da avalia??o da perda de ?gua transepidermal - TEWL (Tewameter?). Observou-se que a formula??o com 3% do EHG001 apresentou efic?cia hidratante frente ao ve?culo e ao solvente extrator ap?s 5 horas e as emuls?es contendo 1 e 3% do extrato apresentaram efeito barreira at? 4 horas reduzindo a perda de ?gua transepidermal. / Opuntia f?cus - indica (L.) Mill is a cactacea presents in the Caatinga ecosystem and shows in its chemical c omposition flavonoids, galacturonic acid and sugars. Different hydroglicolic (EHG001 and EHG002) and hydroethanolic subsequently lyophilized (EHE001 and EHE002) extracts were developed. The EHE002 had his preliminary phytochemical composition investigated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and we observed the predominance of flavonoids. Different formulations were prepared as emulsions with Sodium Polyacrylate (and) Hydrogenated Polydecene (and) Trideceth - 6 (Rapithix? A60), and Polyacrylamide (and) C13 - 14 I soparaffin (and) Laureth - 7 (Sepigel? 305), and gel with Sodium Polyacrylate (Rapithix? A100). The sensorial evaluation was conducted by check - all - that - apply method. There were no significant differences between the scores assigned to the formulations, howe ver, we noted a preference for those formulated with 1,5% of Rapithix? A100 and 3,0% of Sepigel? 305. These and the formulation with 3% Rapithix? A60 were tested for preliminary and accelerated stability. In accelerated stability study, samples were stored at different temperatures for 90 days. Organoleptic characteristics, the pH values and rheological behavior were assessed. T he emulsions formulated with 3,0% of Sepigel? 305 and 1,5% of Rapithix? A60 w ere stable with pseudoplastic and thixotropic behavior . The moisturizing clinical efficacy of the emulsions containing 3,0% of Sepigel? 305 containing 1 and 3% of EHG001 was performed using the capacitance method (Corneometer?) and transepidermal water lost ? TEWL evaluation ( Tewameter?). The results showed t hat the formulation with 3% of EHG001 increased the skin moisturizing against the vehicle and the extractor solvent formulation after five hours. The formulations containing 1 and 3% of EHG001 increased skin barrier effect by reducing transepidermal water loss up to four hours after application.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:38:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LilianePB_DISSERT.pdf: 1713227 bytes, checksum: 172042a5e305fa3b00cf58b20b09b38c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-06-01 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Locus of control is a construct that seeks to explain people's perceptions about the source of control of events, if the subject's own - internal - or belonging to some element outside of oneself - external. The location of individual s locus of control will suffer influence of their developmental period. During adolescence, individuals turn to the construction of their identity, and the structuring of sexual identity is a relevant part of this process, since the roles of males and females are the most important from the socio-cultural point of view. One of the roles that adolescents can take is the mother or father. We chose to head the adolescents who are not mothers and fathers, and question them about their concepts of parenthood. It is hypothesized that adolescents with internal locus of control will probably develop concepts of maternity and paternity in which they attach to themselves the responsibility for children. The aim of this study was to relate the locus of control s predominant dimension in adolescence and the way that these young people conceptualize parenthood. This is an exploratory analytical cross-sectional study accomplished with 400 adolescents from the classes of the sixth to ninth grade of high school at public schools in Natal / RN. We used as protocols: structured questionnaire involving sociodemographic questions and questions about the concept of parenthood, and the Multifactorial Scale of Locus of Control. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, with the aid of statistical package SPSS 18.0. The results regarding questions about the concept of maternity and paternity were analyzed using the analysis program often ALCESTE 4.7. The results showed that for boys and girls, maternity and paternity were characterized by the acquisition and assumption of responsibilities of adulthood. This concept is supported by the locus of control s classification of individuals, since most of the subjects of this study was characterized as individuals who tend to take responsibility for their life's events. For young people from lower classes (as the subjects of this research), the project of autonomy and social mobility is realized by the constitution of his own family and the ability to sustain it / L?cus de Controle ? um constructo que pretende explicar a percep??o das pessoas a respeito da fonte de controle dos eventos, se pr?prias do sujeito interno ou pertencente a algum elemento fora de si pr?prio externo. A localiza??o do l?cus de controle do indiv?duo sofrer? tamb?m influ?ncia do per?odo do desenvolvimento em que se encontra. Durante a adolesc?ncia, os indiv?duos se voltam para a constru??o da sua identidade, sendo que a estrutura??o da identidade sexual ? parte relevante desse processo, j? que os pap?is de g?nero masculino e feminino s?o os mais importantes do ponto de vista sociocultural. Um dos pap?is sociais que o adolescente pode assumir ? o de m?e ou de pai. Optou-se por abordar os adolescentes que ainda n?o s?o m?es e pais, e question?-los sobre seus conceitos de maternidade e paternidade. Hipotetizava-se que adolescentes com l?cus de controle interno provavelmente desenvolveriam conceitos de maternidade e paternidade em que atribuem a eles mesmos a responsabilidade pela crian?a. Objetivou-se relacionar a dimens?o predominante do l?cus de controle na adolesc?ncia e maneira como estes jovens conceituam maternidade e paternidade. Trata-se de um estudo explorat?rio anal?tico de corte transversal, realizado com 400 adolescentes das turmas do 6o ao 9o ano do Ensino M?dio de escolas p?blicas de Natal/RN. Os sujeitos foram distribu?dos proporcionalmente entre as oito escolas selecionadas, em cada distrito de Natal. Foram utilizados como protocolos: question?rio estruturado, envolvendo quest?es sociodemogr?ficas e quest?es sobre o conceito de maternidade e paternidade, e a Escala Multifatorial de L?cus de Controle. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se a estat?stica descritiva e inferencial, com aux?lio do pacote estat?stico SPSS 18.0. Os resultados referentes ?s quest?es sobre o conceito de maternidade e paternidade foram analisados com aux?lio do programa de an?lise de freq??ncia, ALCESTE 4.7. Os resultados revelaram que para meninos e meninas, a maternidade e paternidade s?o caracterizadas pela aquisi??o e assun??o de responsabilidades da vida adulta. Tal conceitua??o encontra respaldo tamb?m na classifica??o dos sujeitos quanto ao l?cus de controle, j? que a maioria dos sujeitos dessa pesquisa foi caracterizada como indiv?duos que tendem a assumir a responsabilidade pelos eventos da sua vida. Para jovens de classes populares, o projeto de autonomia e ascens?o social se concretiza pela constitui??o da pr?pria fam?lia e pela capacidade de cuidar e sustent?-la

O presente trabalho tem como propósito refletir sobre a questão da identidade do sujeito de Os cus de Judas, de Lobo Antunes, a partir do momento em que há um deslocamento espacial do narrador-personagem. Em tempos de guerra colonial, tal deslocamento para o continente africano faz com que o sujeito da narrativa se depare com o outro; isso reflete em sua existência provocando uma crise de identidade a partir da qual ele passa a questionar sua nacionalidade, sua pátria. Ao contestar seu país e suas raízes, o personagem-narrador acaba por macular a identidade portuguesa sustentada tantos séculos por um imaginário que já não mais existe.Obrigado a participar da guerra como combatente, o narrador-personagem observa que aqueles que estão do outro lado, os colonizados, também sofrem com o sistema de governo instituído por Salazar. O processo de alteridade é rasurado e/ou quase desfeito à medida que os laços entre colonizado e colonizador se tornam mais estreitos e se rasuram.Na obra Os cus de Judas, a experiência traumática da guerra instiga o narrador-personagem ao autoexílio, pois o sujeito, ao retornar da guerra na África, torna-se um refugiado dentro de si mesmo e de sua própria nação, ensimesmado e expatriado. Tais considerações colocam em cena os conceitos de identidade do sujeito e da nação revisitados pela memória / El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo reflexionar sobre la cuestión de la identidad en el tema de Los culos de Judas, de Lobo Antunes, desde el momento en que hay un desplazamiento espacial del narrador-personaje. En tiempo de guerra colonial, el desplazamiento para el continente africano hace que el sujeto de la historia cumple con el outro; eso refleja en su existencia provocando una crisis de identidad de la que empieza a cuestionar su nacionalidad, su tierra natal. Al contestar su país y sus raíces, el narrador convierte el significado de la identidad portuguesa, la deshonra , una identidad sostenida a lo largo de siglos, un imaginário que ya no exite más. Con la obligación de participar como combatente de la guerra, el narrador-personaje observa los que están al outro lado, los colonizados, pues también sufren con el sistema de gobierno instituído por Salazar. El proceso de alteridad se desarolla al modo que los vínculos entre el colonizador y el colonizado se vuelven más estrechos. En la obra Los culos de Judas, la experiencia traumática de la guerra le instiga al autoexilio, le convierte en un refugiado en su propia nación, y él se percibe un expatriado cuando regresa a Portugal. Tales consideraciones ponen en juego los conceptos del sujeto y de la nación revisitados por la memória

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-12-15T18:11:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroEtelvinoDeGoesNeto_DISSERT.pdf: 761420 bytes, checksum: 21159a91fec1afc40804e76ee1ca9c94 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-30T17:48:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroEtelvinoDeGoesNeto_DISSERT.pdf: 761420 bytes, checksum: 21159a91fec1afc40804e76ee1ca9c94 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-30T17:48:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PedroEtelvinoDeGoesNeto_DISSERT.pdf: 761420 bytes, checksum: 21159a91fec1afc40804e76ee1ca9c94 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-28 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da utiliza??o de cact?ceas nativas e ex?ticas ao n?vel de 50% na MS de inclus?o na dieta total, sobre o consumo de nutrientes, ingest?o de ?gua, produ??o e composi??o f?sico-qu?mica do leite, com cabras em lacta??o. Foram utilizadas 5 cabras Saanen plur?paras (50?4 kg) alocadas em quadrado latino de acordo com cact?ceas fornecidas nas dietas, constando de cinco per?odos de 17 dias, sendo 10 dias de adapta??o e 7 para coleta de dados, cinco tratamentos com as seguintes cact?ceas: xiquexique, mandacaru, facheiro, palma mi?da e palma orelha de elefante mexicana. O consumo de mat?ria seca variou de 1.967,58 a 2.602,46 (g/dia) entre as cact?ceas e teve uma m?dia de 2.251,84 (g/dia). Observou-se que o consumo de mat?ria seca CMS (g/kg0,75) variou de 102,75 ? 136,78 entre as cact?ceas estudadas. O consumo de mat?ria seca (%PV) variou de 3,84 ? 5,11 com m?dia de 4,47. A produ??o de leite em (g/dia) variou de 1.692,60 a 2.090,40. O consumo de ?gua oferecida variou entre 4.549g (xiquexique) a 8.749 (palma mi?da). As cabras alimentadas com palma mi?da apresentaram-se com as maiores produ??es de leite (g/dia) com valores m?dio de 2.091. N?o houve diferen?a na composi??o f?sico-qu?mica do leite estando os teores de gordura, prote?na bruta, lactose e s?lidos totais a cima do m?nimo permitido pela legisla??o para leite de cabra no Brasil. A utiliza??o de cact?ceas ao n?vel de 50% MS na inclus?o da dieta total proporcionou consumo de nutrientes suficientes para atender as exig?ncias dos animais para a produ??o de leite sem alterar a sua composi??o f?sico-qu?mica. / The objective of this research was to evaluate the production of dairy goats fed different species of cactus. Pluriparous five Saanen goats were used, with nine weeks of lactation, and average live weight of 50 kg ? 4 kg. The animals were distributed in latin square design (5x5) with 5 diets and 5 periods. No differences (P>0,05) were observed in the DM of the experimental diets by getting average values of 2.251,84 g dia-1 , 4,46 %PV e 118,91g kg0,75 . The DM contents of the diets were 50,55 to 55,92% by presenting a maximum variation of 10% between them. A significant difference (P<0,05) water consumption way tendered, between diets with different cactus species. The treatments cactus ?Orelha de Elefante Mexicana? and Facheiro had lower water consumption compared to cactus ?Palma Mi?da. For milk yield no significant difference (P> 0,05) between diets formulated with cactus species, with an average of 1,90 kg/day treatments. The analysis of variance show a significant difference (P<0,05) among treatments for milk corrected to 4% fat and fat production. There was an effect (P<0,05) of the diets with different cactus on the crude protein (CP) and lactose in milk. All treatments with different cactus species can be used for dairy goats in view consumption have afforded sufficient to meet the nutritional requirements for milk nutrients, besides presenting the higher than levels of physical and chemical composition to minimum levels established by current legislation