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The Family Business in a Global Context : The Rationale behind Corporate Governance Structures in Subsidiaries AbroadKewitz, Martin, Nordström, Clas, Salzwedel, Sören January 2012 (has links)
Background: Family Businesses represent the highest proportion of businesses in the world (Lin, 2012). Globalisation offers new business opportunities for growth and in-ternational diversification. Generally the internationalisation of family businesses is a well-studied field in family business research (Kontinen & Ojala, 2009). Still, there are certain shortcomings when it comes to the specific area of corporate governance adapta-tion in family firms that open subsidiaries (Calabro & Mussolino, 2011). Hence, this paper analyses the proceedings of family firms that internationalise through a subsidi-ary. From a methodological standpoint, existing studies concerned with family business internationalisation focus on quantitative research approaches. The results of these in-clude some limitations, since they cannot account for questions such as how and why family firms proceed during diversification (Kontinen & Ojala, 2009). Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the rationale behind corporate gov-ernance structures in family businesses, focusing on the special case of internationalisa-tion through a subsidiary. Frame of Reference: A summary of recent research regarding the three main issues family businesses, internationalisation, and corporate governance will be given in the frame of reference. This theoretical background will serve as the basis for a solid analy-sis of our empirical data. Method: A qualitative approach with an extensive literature review and a case study based on in-depth interviews with employees of the company Väderstad-Verken AB was chosen in order to fulfil the purpose. Conclusion: The rationale behind corporate governance structures when setting up a subsidiary abroad is driven by the ambition to preserve a family firms’ stewardship ori-ented culture and its informal structures. The result of this is better collaboration, which serves the mission of the business.
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Hur integreras fosterhemsplacerade barn i fosterhem? / How to integrate children placed in foster care?Mazrimaite, Orinta, Michanek, Angelica January 2011 (has links)
The purpose of this study is to better understand, from a foster parent perspective, how the integration process of the foster child is carried out in the foster family. The purpose is to identify the challenges and success factors in the process. The study is based on a qualitative method. The data consist of interviews with six foster families. The study’s theoretical framework is mostly based on system theory and also on the theory of ambivalence. The results show that most of our families considered five factors to be important in order to facilitate the integration process. The foster family needs to bond with the foster child, let the foster child in into the family system, open up and be who they really are, respect each other and reserve time to be able to satisfy the needs of foster child. The results emphasize that the foster parents should treat the foster child in the same way as the biological child. We have also been able to identify factors that may have an impact on integration, like the age of the foster child. Our results suggest that foster parents experience different varieties of ambivalence to both the foster child and the foster child's biological parents. Those children who have a poor relationship with their biological parents and are of relatively young age tend to be over-integrated in the foster family.
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[en] FAMILY SYSTEM AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANAGEMENT COMPETENCE / [pt] O SISTEMA FAMILIAR E SUA REPERCUSSÃO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE COMPETÊNCIAS GERENCIAISMARCELO POMERANIEC CARPILOVSKY 16 March 2007 (has links)
[pt] O cenário atual das organizações tem demandado gestores
capazes de atuar em
um ambiente marcado por rápidas mudanças, relações de
interdependência e diversidade
da força de trabalho. Porém, o desenvolvimento das
chamadas competências gerenciais
não é um processo simples, pois envolve não apenas a
compreensão das melhores práticas
de gestão, mas também a capacidade para agir de modo
diferente. Nesta pesquisa,
buscamos uma maior compreensão do sujeito, em sua atuação
organizacional, por meio
de um olhar interdisciplinar, utilizando o referencial da
teoria familiar sistêmica.
Pretendemos avaliar como se expressam as experiências
vividas na família de origem, na
prática profissional dos gerentes. Para tal, realizamos 30
entrevistas, com gerentes de
diferentes empresas. Os dados foram tratados utilizando-se
análise de conteúdo.
Verificamos que a família representa relevante força no
desenvolvimento e na
manutenção de características que compõem as competências
de liderança, de motivação,
de comunicação, de negociação e solução de conflitos, de
tomada de decisão, de
criatividade e de trabalho em equipe. Constatamos, também,
que tais características
podem se dar tendo em vista a origem étnica ou
socioeconômica da família, a transmissão
de posturas vindas de outros membros da família, os
padrões familiares, os eventos
críticos, as expectativas sobre o sujeito e os papéis por
ele desempenhados, e as falas
significativas de membros da família. Não ocorre, porém,
uma simples relação de causa e
efeito, tendo em vista que a família traz referências que
podem ou não serem seguidas em
seus múltiplos aspectos. Por fim, sugerimos que o conceito
de autoconhecimento na
literatura gerencial deva ser ampliado, para incorporar o
conhecimento da dinâmica
vivida na família de origem, pois esse parece ser um passo
importante no processo de
diferenciação do sujeito, refletindo-se na sua capacidade
de escolher e adotar novos
comportamentos. / [en] The current setting of organizations has demanded managers
capable of working
in environments marked by rapid changes, interdependency
relationships and diversity of
work force. However, the development of so called
managerial competence is not an easy
process, as it involves not only the understanding of the
best managerial practices but also
the capability to act in a different way. In this
research, we pursue a better understanding
of the individual in his organizational performance,
through an interdisciplinary view,
using the reference of systemic family theory. We seek to
evaluate how the experiences
lived by the family of origin are expressed in the
professional practice of the managers.
With that objective, we interviewed 30 managers from
different companies, and the data
were treated using content analysis. We found out that the
family represents significant
strength in the development and maintenance of
characteristics which make up the
competence of leadership, motivation, communication,
negotiation and solution of
conflicts, decision making, creativity and team work. We
have concluded that those
characteristics may also happen due to the ethnic as well
as social and economical origins
of the family, the transmission of postures deriving from
the family members, family
standards, critical events, the expectations regarding the
individual as well as the roles
played by him, and the significant talks by the family
members. It does not, however,
result in a simple cause and effect relationship, since
families can set references which
may or may not be followed in their multiple aspects.
Finally, we suggest that the concept
of self-knowledge in managerial literature should be
widened, in order to incorporate the
knowledge of dynamics lived in the family of origin, since
this seems to be an important
step in the process of differentiating the individual,
reflecting upon his capability to
choose and adopt new patterns of behavior.
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[en] THE FEEDBACK PROCESS IN THE ADDICTIVE FAMILIES / [pt] O PROCESSO DE RETROALIMENTAÇÃO NAS FAMÍLIAS ADICTIVASMARCELO CASTRO LOPES DE CARVALHO 13 June 2007 (has links)
[pt] O objetivo deste trabalho é compreender as características
da dinâmica da
família em que um ou mais de seus componentes é adicto a
substâncias
psicoativas. Utilizamos, para este fim, o referencial
sistêmico. Entendemos que a
dependência por substâncias seja tanto uma patologia em
si, quanto um sintoma
de um sistema familiar. Nas relações que se estabelecem
entre o dependente e os
outros membros da família, vai-se construindo uma teia
relacional que, muitas
vezes, perpetua os padrões disfuncionais que ajudam a
manter a dependência. É
indispensável, no tratamento da dependência, abordar os
vínculos familiares, para
que o sistema familiar possa encontrar alternativas mais
saudáveis de
relacionamento, a fim de promover uma progressiva mudança
nos padrões de
interação que são facilitadores da manutenção do
comportamento adictivo. / [en] The purpose of this exertion is to understand the
caracteristics of the
family dynamics in the way that one or more of their
components is addicted to
alcohol and other drugs. To get to this outcome will use
the systemic referencial.
We understand that the substance dependence is a much a
patology itself as a
symptom related to a family system. In the individual´s
relationship with the
family and the same with the individual that is a drug
user, it goes on establishing
a tangled relational that the most of the times perpetuate
the disfuncionals patterns
that helps to sustain the dependence in the family. It is
indispensable, in the
treatment of the dependence, to come to grips with the
family ties so that family
system can find healthier alternatives in the
relationship, in order to promote a
progressive change in the interaction patterns that are
facilitators for the
maintenance of the addictive behavior.
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Pais e filhos: um estudo da educação financeira em famílias na fase de aquisiçãoManfredini, Andreza Maria Neves 30 October 2007 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2007-10-30 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Living in a society where publicity constitutes a mass appeal for
consumption, children soon are brought into contact with money;
therefore, raising children financially constitutes a challenge for
parents. This research aimed at understanding how the process of
financial education of children occurs inside middle class families,
during the Acquisition Phase of the Vital Cycle, in the city of
Tremembe, State of Sao Paulo. This study characterized itself as a
qualitative research, carried out among parents and children at the
age of 7 to 10. In order to collect data, three focal groups were
formed: the first one composed of 6 parents, of which 5 were mothers
and 1 father who had children at the age of 7 to 10; the other group
composed of 9 children at the age of 7 to 8; and the third one
composed of 5 children at the age of 9 to 10. The participants
constituted a snowball sampling. During the narrative analysis, it was
verified that the parents do not have the intentionality of educating
their children towards money itself, and for that reason they make
use of techniques developed in everyday family life. The older
children are able to recognize that the parents have more experience
in dealing with money, and therefore, believe that it is important to
talk about this topic. It is realized that the financial education model
passed on to the parents is the same that they will try to pass on to
their children. It is also realized that the action of saving should be
made continuous and a priority, as well as family talks, in order that
children are able to act as citizens and not only ordinary consumers,
in the near future / Vivendo numa sociedade em que as propagandas constituem um
forte apelo ao consumo, as crianças muito cedo entram em contato
com o dinheiro; portanto, educar os filhos financeiramente constitui
um desafio para os pais. Esta pesquisa procurou compreender como
ocorre o processo de educação financeira dos filhos em famílias de
classe média, na Fase de Aquisição do Ciclo Vital, na cidade de
Tremembé, interior de São Paulo. Este estudo caracterizou-se como
uma pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com pais e filhos nas idades de 7
a 10 anos. Para coleta de dados, foram realizados três grupos focais:
um deles com a participação de 6 pais, sendo 5 mães e 1 pai que
tinham filhos nas idades de 7 a 10 anos; outro, com 9 crianças de 7 a
8 anos; e o terceiro com a participação de 3 crianças de 9 a 10 anos.
Os participantes constituíram uma amostra por bola de neve (snow
ball samplig). Na análise das narrativas, constatou-se que os pais não
têm a intencionalidade de educar os filhos em relação ao dinheiro e,
por esse motivo, usam técnicas construídas no cotidiano familiar. As
crianças maiores reconhecem que os pais têm mais experiência que
eles, para lidar com o dinheiro, e, por isso, acreditam que seja
importante conversar sobre esse assunto. Percebe-se que o modelo de
educação financeira recebida pelos pais é a que se procura passar
para os filhos. Foi percebido, também, que o ato de poupar deve ser
contínuo e prioritário, assim como as conversas em família, para que
as crianças possam exercer o papel de cidadãs, e não o de
consumistas, num futuro próximo
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Unga mäns perspektiv på heder och hedernormer - en kvalitativ studie / Young men´s perspective concerning honour and honour-norms. A qualitative studyAndersson, Asiye, Mehvar, Mino January 2010 (has links)
The honour norm is strong within the Middle East but is scattered all over the world. As a result of immigration, the honorary context has become more established in Sweden. Violence, committed in the name of honour, is commonly executed by male family members. Thus, young men are forced, in some degree, to participate in the oppression and control of their sisters. Violence exercised in the name of honour, can be traced back to the patriarchal family system in which woman are subordinate to men. The purpose of this study is to highlight the young men's subjective perspective to honour and honour-related violence, as well as if they have managed to distance themselves from it. In the study, interviews are conducted with four young men. The results obtained show that some of the young men have an ambivalent attitude to certain matters relating to honour and what is not acceptable female behaviour. The results reveal that certain parts of the patriarchal thinking are identified in the opinions of some of the young men interviewed. Further, the results also suggest that education and community action are essential for the discussion of honour and the honour norm, in order to create change.
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Ouers se persepsie van die waarde van ongestruktureerde spel vir voorskoolse kinders in die Paarl / Yolanda HuijsamerHuijsamer, Yolanda January 2012 (has links)
Preschool children play an active role in their own development through their
interaction with the environment that takes place in the form of unstructured play.
Unstructured play is a creative expression of preschool children’s physical, cognitive,
social and emotional self and creates opportunities to learn important skills and
values necessary for the mastery of their world. The researcher became aware, from
practical experience as a social worker in private practice, of more and more
preschool children who are exposed to structured play with the aim to promote their
development. This aspect can contribute towards preschool children not developing
in a natural manner that will lead to the devaluation of unstructured play.
The overall objective of this study was to explore and describe parents’ perceptions
of the value of unstructured play for their preschool children in order to make
recommendations to professionals offering parental guidance to parents, with
regards to the value of unstructured play for preschool children. A qualitative
phenomenological research design was adopted to explore and describe parents’
perceptions and experiences of unstructured play. Two focus group discussions
were conducted and two main themes were identified by analysing the data. The
main themes are participants’ perception of the value of unstructured play and
participants’ choice in respect of unstructured versus structured play.
The conclusion drawn by the researcher is that parents are aware of the valuable
contribution of unstructured play towards their preschool children’s development.
However, participants argue that certain external factors contribute to their choice of
structured play over unstructured play to promote their preschool children’s
development. / Thesis (MSW)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
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Ouers se persepsie van die waarde van ongestruktureerde spel vir voorskoolse kinders in die Paarl / Yolanda HuijsamerHuijsamer, Yolanda January 2012 (has links)
Preschool children play an active role in their own development through their
interaction with the environment that takes place in the form of unstructured play.
Unstructured play is a creative expression of preschool children’s physical, cognitive,
social and emotional self and creates opportunities to learn important skills and
values necessary for the mastery of their world. The researcher became aware, from
practical experience as a social worker in private practice, of more and more
preschool children who are exposed to structured play with the aim to promote their
development. This aspect can contribute towards preschool children not developing
in a natural manner that will lead to the devaluation of unstructured play.
The overall objective of this study was to explore and describe parents’ perceptions
of the value of unstructured play for their preschool children in order to make
recommendations to professionals offering parental guidance to parents, with
regards to the value of unstructured play for preschool children. A qualitative
phenomenological research design was adopted to explore and describe parents’
perceptions and experiences of unstructured play. Two focus group discussions
were conducted and two main themes were identified by analysing the data. The
main themes are participants’ perception of the value of unstructured play and
participants’ choice in respect of unstructured versus structured play.
The conclusion drawn by the researcher is that parents are aware of the valuable
contribution of unstructured play towards their preschool children’s development.
However, participants argue that certain external factors contribute to their choice of
structured play over unstructured play to promote their preschool children’s
development. / Thesis (MSW)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013
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La différenciation dans l'identité des femmes privilégiant la dyade mère-père ou mère-enfantGirard, Nicole 03 March 2021 (has links)
L'étude porte sur la différenciation de la femme en fonction de sa perception de la structure de sa famille d'origine. Une description du processus identitaire a d'abord précédé, pour en venir par la suite, à une élaboration sur la famille et sur son influence dans le processus de la différenciation. Afin d’en vérifier le taux auprès des femmes, 56 d'entre elles ont été retenues parmi les quelques centaines de participantes. Elles devaient identifier la dyade la plus importante dans leur famille d'origine, s'enquérir du choix de leur mère et par la suite compléter le Personal Authority in Family System-Questionnaire (version québécoise). Les résultats obtenus montrent une différence entre les groupes à seulement deux échelles et permettent de conclure que les femmes issues de la lignée familiale privilégiant la dyade «mère-enfant» pourraient présenter des indices de fusion et pourraient être plus indifférenciées que celles issues de la lignée familiale «mère-père».
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Conflicted custody: the unfolding of a professional problem-determined systemFasser, Robyn Lesley 01 1900 (has links)
With the maturation of the child custody investigative process, the role of investigators and
the process of these investigations have come under increasing scrutiny. The investigators are
expected to be objective, neutral, and professional while following procedures that conform to
model standards. However, this assumption of a lack of bias has been largely overlooked in the
literature regarding the investigative process. It is assumed that investigators should
self-monitor to ensure that their stance is objective and neutral. Furthermore, this position of
neutrality and objectivity is assumed to be intuitive and natural.
By using a case study, this thesis investigates and describes the process of a child custody
investigation predicated on a constructivist epistemology. It highlights the impossibility of any
investigator to be objective and neutral in any investigation automatically, regardless of the
procedures and methods employed. The thesis highlights the participant observer status of
investigators. An aim of the thesis is thus to sensitise investigators to this inevitable
vulnerability with the expectation that such an awareness may allow investigators to establish
processes to render investigations consciously more balanced, considered, and transparent.
A further aim is to describe a child custody evaluation from an eco-systemic perspective by
contextualising the investigation in the larger ecosystem to which it belongs. This description
includes the investigation as part of an evolving
problem-determined system. An awareness of this wider and evolving context may enable investigators
to approximate a position of objectivity and neutrality more effectively. It may also act as an
inoculation against the ‘contamination’ of the investigator by the investigative system.
With the maturation of the child custody investigative process, the role of investigators and
the process of these investigations have come under increasing scrutiny. The investigators
are expected to be objective, neutral, and professional while following procedures that
conform to model standards. However, this assumption of a lack of bias has been largely
overlooked in the literature regarding the investigative process. It is assumed that
investigators should self-monitor to ensure that their stance is objective and neutral.
Furthermore, this position of neutrality and objectivity is assumed to be intuitive and
natural.
By using a case study, this thesis investigates and describes the process of a child
custody investigation predicated on a constructivist epistemology. It highlights the
impossibility of any investigator to be objective and neutral in any investigation
automatically, regardless of the procedures and methods employed. The thesis highlights
the participant observer status of investigators. An aim of the thesis is thus to sensitise
investigators to this inevitable vulnerability with the expectation that such an awareness
may allow investigators to establish processes to render investigations consciously more
balanced, considered, and transparent.
A further aim is to describe a child custody evaluation from an eco-systemic
perspective by contextualising the investigation in the larger ecosystem to which it
belongs. This description includes the investigation as part of an evolving
problem-determined system. An awareness of this wider and evolving context may enable
investigators to approximate a position of objectivity and neutrality more effectively. It
may also act as an inoculation against the ‘contamination’ of the investigator by the
investigative system.
xviii
In South Africa, we have yet to formulate a document that establishes a model
standard of practice or specific, dedicated training in this area. This thesis identifies what
could be included in both areas (in addition to the expected protocols and procedures) by
describing the investigator’s position as an expert learner, rather than just an ‘expert’. In
line with current literature, it highlights the benefits of thinking consciously and in a
considered manner. Furthermore, it indicates the benefits of a team approach to
investigations, which could be considered an area for further investigation.
In South Africa, we have yet to formulate a document that establishes a model standard of practice
or specific, dedicated training in this area. This thesis identifies what could be included in both
areas (in addition to the expected protocols and procedures) by describing the investigator’s
position as an expert learner, rather than just an ‘expert’. In line with current literature, it
highlights the benefits of thinking consciously and in a considered manner. Furthermore, it
indicates the benefits of a team approach to investigations, which could be considered an area for
further investigation. / Psychology / D. LITT et. Phil. ( Psychology)
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