The dissertation aims to explore the impact of rape on human security and hence to drawn conclusions about rape as a national security concern in South Africa. The dissertation puts forward six propositions to be explored and tested: · Forcible rape undermines human security. · The extent of rape in South Africa constitutes a widespread threat to the personal safety of especially women and children. · The constitutional commitment to gender equality, the empowerment of women, the rights of children and the right to security of the person are indicative of the severity with which South African society views rape. · These factors combine to render rape a national security concern in South Africa during the past decade, requiring direct measures to be undertaken. · This situation obliges a coordinated government strategic interpretation of the impact of rape on constitutional rights and stability, and evaluation of government policy in this regard. · An integrated government strategy that entails close cooperation with civil society is required to enable the countering and reduction of rape and the ultimate construction of a rape-safe culture in South Africa. The dissertation begins with a conceptual exploration of the concepts of rape, violence, gender violence, human and national security, and then provides an outline of how these concepts have been applied in the post-1994 South African context. Human security is identified as a core element of South African national security. Against the background of the conceptual definitions of terminology used in the dissertation, and the outline of the application of these concepts in South Africa, the extent and nature of rape is described and analysed. The dissertation avoids over-utilisation of statistics given that rape statistics are based to a large extent only on those cases that are reported to the police, and there is a range of factors that result in the under-reporting of rape. The dissertation then describes and comments on the government’s response to rape in the period 2000-2003, outlining the inter-departmental strategies that have been initiated by Cabinet. Through this analysis, the seriousness with which government and parliamentary representatives have viewed rape has been indicated, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the governmental response to rape. This has enabled an indication of certain key aspects of governmental response that must be addressed if the security risk of rape is to be contained. The dissertation concludes that the propositions are indeed supported by the both exploration of the South African policy on rape, human and national security, as well as the operational practice of the relevant government departments. The dissertation indicates a strong emphasis on the criminal justice prosecution of rape cases, and an imbalance in the social crime prevention dimension of government’s response to rape. It is argued that for a successful strategy to combat rape and to achieve a rape-safe culture in South Africa, an integrated governmental response, with a close social compact with civil society, balancing both improved efficiency and effectiveness of the criminal justice prosecution of rape cases, and social crime prevention that addresses the causes of rape, is required. / Dissertation (M (Security Studies))--University of Pretoria, 2006. / Political Sciences / unrestricted

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2015-12-09T17:19:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ericacarolinadasilvagomes.pdf: 4331575 bytes, checksum: d14f138c84c22ee61d7a9913312136f2 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2015-12-10T14:01:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 ericacarolinadasilvagomes.pdf: 4331575 bytes, checksum: d14f138c84c22ee61d7a9913312136f2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T14:01:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ericacarolinadasilvagomes.pdf: 4331575 bytes, checksum: d14f138c84c22ee61d7a9913312136f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-19 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Os estudos sobre o tema mulheres e política identificam um panorama que configura a sub-representação das mulheres na esfera do poder político. Pesquisadoras e pesquisadores da temática apontam questões que teriam relação com a configuração atual de participação política das mulheres. A herança do modelo patriarcal, construindo o espaço político como masculino, rechaçando as mulheres deste e confinando-as ao espaço privado seria uma delas. As desigualdades de gênero e as variadas discriminações com relação ao feminino e às mulheres são fenômenos que ainda impactam e conformam a vida das mulheres. Nessa perspectiva, as posições ocupadas idealmente pelas mulheres são construídas a partir das relações de gênero que ditam o que é aceito e o que é rechaçado, segundo padrões masculinos e femininos estimulados ou não. Neste estudo, as mulheres, apesar de não serem minoria numérica na sociedade, são pensadas, no escopo do presente texto, como minoria social. Para Joan Scott (2005), os eventos que determinam que as minorias sejam tomadas enquanto tais ocorrem pelo processo de atribuição de menos status e desvalorização de algumas qualidades inerentes ao grupo minoritário, como se essas qualidades fossem a razão e também a racionalização do tratamento desigual. Sendo assim, a pesquisa à qual a presente Dissertação se refere busca conhecer a faceta formativa do Comitê de Cidadania do Município de Juiz de Fora, no estado de Minas Gerais. A hipótese da pesquisa é a de que o citado Comitê corresponda a locus privilegiado de participação e formação política das, para e pelas mulheres. Tal grupo corresponde a um observatório composto majoritariamente por mulheres adultas, como professoras aposentadas que acompanham as ações e medidas dos vereadores da cidade. Cidadania e Cidadania Ativa, Movimentos Sociais, Participação e Formação Política são temáticas e conceitos que foram considerados para conhecer o objeto. A categoria gênero tem destaque na pesquisa, sem, contudo, silenciar as perspectivas que foram sugeridas pela pesquisa de campo, advindas da consideração das categorias classe, raça e geração. Foi realizado estudo de campo e bibliográfico, consistindo em busca bibliográfica no site da biblioteca virtual Scielo, de modo a considerar como palavras-chave as seguintes expressões: Mulheres e Participação Política; Mulheres e Política; Mulheres e Formação Política; Mulheres e Cidadania. No que se refere ao campo de pesquisa, a metodologia adotada contou com a observação das reuniões do Comitê de Cidadania e entrevista com as participantes, de modo a conhecer suas trajetórias individuais e do grupo, no que tange aos desdobramentos e impacto tanto da existência quanto das ações do Comitê de Cidadania. Os dados de campo e a bibliografia foram questionados, inicialmente, a partir das seguintes perguntas norteadoras, tanto das entrevistas, quanto dos textos analisados na Bibliografia escolhida: a partir de suas narrativas, qual a influência da Escola, da Igreja, da Família na participação das mulheres no Comitê de Cidadania? Como essas instituições podem, no entender das mulheres entrevistadas e participantes do Comitê, ter colaborado para formar essas mulheres para a participação em um grupo como o Comitê de Cidadania? Como essas mulheres foram ocupando tais espaços de luta, mesmo sem ter projeto pessoal sistematizado de participação política das mulheres? Como possíveis participações das mulheres nas escolas, nas igrejas, nos movimentos sociais podem ter motivado a atual participação no Comitê de Cidadania? Essas questões foram investigadas e obtivemos como resultados que as influências e experiências das mulheres do Comitê de Cidadania com as instituições escola, família e igreja tiveram e têm relação com as atividades políticas por elas desempenhadas. / Studies on the topic women and politics identify a panorama that sets the under-representation of women in the sphere of political power. Theme researchers point out issues that would be related to the current configuration of women's political participation. The legacy of the patriarchal model, building the political space as masculine, rejecting the women from this, and confining them to the private area. Gender inequalities and varied discrimination with respect to female and women are phenomena that still impact and shape the lives of women. In this perspective, the positions held by women are ideally constructed from gender relations that dictate what is accepted and what is rejected, according to male and female patterns stimulated or not. In this study, although women are not numerical minority in society, in the scope of this text, are considered as a social minority. For Joan Scott (2005), events that require that minorities are taken as such occur by assignment less status and devaluation of some qualities inherent in the minority group process, as if these qualities were the reason and also the rationalization of unequal treatment. Thus, the research to which this Master refers seeks to know the formative aspect of the Citizenship Committee of the city of Juiz de Fora, in the state of Minas Gerais. The hypothesis of the research is that the Committeementioned meets the privileged locus of political participation and training of, for and by women. This group corresponds to an observatory composed mainly by adult women, as retired teachers, who accompany actions and measures of the city council. Citizenship and Active Citizenship, Social Movements, Political Participation and Training are themes and concepts that were considered to meet the object. The gender category is highlighted in the research, without, however, silencing the prospects that have been suggested by field research, arising from consideration of class categories, race and generation. Field and bibliographic study was performed, consisting of bibliographic search in Scielo virtual library site in order to consider the following expressions as keywords: Women and Political Participation; Women and Politics; Women and Training Policy; Women and Citizenship. Regarding the search field, the methodology adopted included the observation of meetings of the Citizens' Committee; interviews with the participants in order to meet their individual and group trajectories, with respect to developments and impact of both existence as the actions of the Citizenship Committee. The field data and the bibliography were asked, initially, from the following guiding questions, both the interviews, as the texts analyzed in the chosen Bibliography: from their narratives, what is the influence of the School, the Church and the Family in the participation of women in the Citizenship Committee? How these institutions, in the opinion of the women interviewed and participants of the Committee,may have collaborated to form these women to participate in a group like the Citizenship Committee? How were these women occupying these spaces of struggle, even without personal projects of systematic political participation of women? How the possible participation of these women in schools, churches, social movements may have motivated the current participation in the Citizenship Committee? These issues were investigated and obtained as a result that the influences and experiences of women of Citizenship Committee with the school institutions, family and Church had and have to do with the political activities they perform.

Submitted by Jakeline Ortega (jakortega@unoeste.br) on 2016-09-09T20:17:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VERSÃO FINAL APROVADA 22-06-16.pdf: 2389998 bytes, checksum: ff06dcd643742e24a8c016b9fa748f47 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-09T20:17:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VERSÃO FINAL APROVADA 22-06-16.pdf: 2389998 bytes, checksum: ff06dcd643742e24a8c016b9fa748f47 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-31 / This investigation is part of a research line called “Educational institution: organization and management”, which includes investigations about social, cultural and political aspects envolved in operation and organization of educational institutions. The methodology of this research was qualitative, and featured as case study. The target of this research was school architecture and its relations with genre, focusing in João Francisco de Godoy School, known as “Navio”, in Presidente Prudente, in the years 1950’s, 1960’s and 1970’s. This period includes architecture transitions characterized by a construction of a new building and implementation of mixed classrooms in the school, as well as the preconization of the co-education ideas in the State of São Paulo, in opposed to imposition of authoritarianism and control that came with militar dictatorship. The main assumption is based in conception of architecture stiles anf shapes of scholl buildings that have had relation to social, cultural and linguistic constraints, and that have been constituted and constituent of experienced daily power relations. Thus, the objective was the investigation of how the school space and organization have been changed, and have been articulated in social and cultural bonds of power as a whole and particularly gender relations. The data were produced by empirical research to the collection of information from the school and governmental institutions, as well as reflective testimonials and interviews applied to former students. Analyzes were developed through Minayo’s data triangulation procedures, and supported by Certeau’s, Escolano’s and Viñao Frago’s theories. The bibliographic research adhered to the studiy of social, cultural and educational policy contexts, over that time period. Moreover, it also turned to issues of gender, power and school architecture. Between the main results, it is possible to point the understanding that a school building retains intangibles elements. Using thematic categories for analysis (classroom, patio and stairs), we reached the main results of which, allowing for its establishment as a place of learning, as government directions and pedagogical practices, which spaces represent everyday use, and reflect the ownership of the building by students boys and girls, by relations of power and transgression. / Este trabalho insere-se na linha de pesquisa “Instituição educacional: organização e gestão”, a qual abrange investigações sobre os aspectos sociais, culturais e políticos envolvidos no funcionamento e organização das instituições educacionais. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa e caracterizada como estudo de caso, teve como objeto de estudo a arquitetura escolar em suas interfaces com as relações de gênero, conforme estudo realizado na escola João Franco de Godoy, denominada "Navio", em Presidente Prudente, no recorte temporal entre 1950-1970. Trata-se de um momento que abrange transições caracterizadas pela construção de um novo edifício e a implementação de salas mistas na escola, bem como pela preconização do ideário da coeducação no Estado de São Paulo, em contraponto à instalação do autoritarismo e controle decorrentes da ditadura militar. O principal pressuposto se baseia na concepção de que os estilos e formas arquitetônicas das edificações escolares vincularam-se a condicionantes linguísticas e socioculturais, as quais são constituídas e constituintes das relações de poder cotidianamente vividas. O principal objetivo, portanto, foi a averiguação de como as modificações espaciais e organizacionais da escola se articularam nos liames sociais e culturais de poder como um todo e com as relações de gênero, em particular. Os dados foram produzidos pela via da pesquisa empírica, com a coleta de informações junto à escola e às instituições governamentais, paralelamente ao uso de depoimentos em entrevistas semiestruturadas e reflexivas, aplicadas a ex-alunos e ex-alunas. As análises foram desenvolvidas por meio dos procedimentos de triangulação dos dados de Minayo (2007) e sustentadas nas trilhas teóricas de Certeau (2012), Escolano (2001) e Viñao Frago (1995). A pesquisa bibliográfica se ateve, em grande parte, aos estudos dos contextos socioculturais e das políticas educacionais, no período. Também se voltaram para as pesquisas que relacionam gênero, poder e arquitetura escolar. Utilizando-se de categorias temáticas para a análise (Sala de aula, Pátio e Escada), chegou-se aos principais resultados, dos quais destacamos a compreensão de que um edifício escolar carrega em sua concretude elementos imateriais, os quais são de extrema significância para o seu efetivo uso, estabelecendo-se enquanto lugar do saber, conforme os direcionamentos governamentais e práticas pedagógicas, cujos espaços representam o uso cotidiano e refletem a sua apropriação por meninos e meninas, mediante relações de poder e transgressão.

This thesis explores the association between the age gap between parents and health outcomes for children in Sub-Saharan Africa. An average man-older age gap between partners has been observed all over the world and is the largest in many Sub-Saharan African countries. A large age gap is common in patriarchal societies and has been associated with less female autonomy and impeded decision-making for the couple, resulting in less contraceptive use and a possible higher risk of interpersonal violence. This thesis examines another association with age gaps by focusing on the health outcomes for children in families with large and small age gaps between the mother and her partner. It is hypothesized that children will have worse health outcomes in families where the age gap between the mother’s partner and the mother herself is larger than average. Using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), multilevel logistic regression is run to test the association between three health indicators while controlling for confounding variables such as mother’s age, education level and wealth. The health indicators are treatment of fevers, vaccination against measles and underweight. The results show some statistically significant associations, with all three variables supporting the hypothesis that children in age heterogamous families are doing worse. Children of couples with a larger than average age gap have lower likelihood of being treated for fever or cough, and a higher likelihood of being underweight, and children of couples with a smaller than average age gap have a higher likelihood of having received the first measles vaccination. The results show that the age gap between parents is a factor to take into consideration when studying child health and family structures in Sub-Saharan Africa.

This study explores experiences of public sexual harassment among young women in the UKin light of a renewed focus on violence against women after Sarah Everard was raped andmurdered while walking home during lockdown. Thirteen young women were interviewed while this case dominated British media and public debate. The paper’s focuses is on how this cohort problematise street based harassment - how they encounter, negotiate and contextualise it at this time. The study uses qualitative methods of feminist phenomenology and narrative analysis. Participants describe everyday street harassments as a serious problem that regularly impactson their daily life and freedoms, while being sidelined and trivialised by wider society. They reject that it is a minor problem or a compliment, and push back about the onus being on them to problem solve and do safety work to avoid men’s violence and intrusions in public.They challenge the idea this is not worth talking about by telling their stories, particularly online. Collective storytelling is a form of agency and activism that empowers women to reframe social issues according to their own lived realities and terms. Two principle narratives emerge from the storytelling: resistance to mainstream ‘givens’, and positioning street harassment as a form of gender based violence that targets women as an entity. Participants situate VAW as men’s issue - men need to engage and address this social problem.

Univerzita Karlova Pedagogická fakulta Katedra psychologie DIPLOMOVÁ PRÁCE Genderové vztahy mezi dívkami a chlapci ve smíšených třídních kolektivech na 1.stupni ZŠ Gender relations between boys and girls in mixed class groups in the first grade at elementary school Zdeňka Jindrová Vedoucí práce: doc. PhDr. Irena Smetáčková, Ph.D. Studijní program: Učitelství pro základní školy M7503 Studijní obor: 7503T047 Učitelství pro 1.stupeň ZŠ (OKM1STV06) Rok odevzdání: 2020 ABSTRACT My diploma thesis deals with the relations between boys and girls in two mixed class groups of a state primary school in the city "n" and two mixed class groups of a private primary school in the city "b". The work is divided into theoretical and empirical part. In the theoretical part I describe the basic definitions concerning the keywords of this work. I pay particular attention to the approach of individual pupils to gender issues and gender relations between pupils. I am interested in how good the relationships between girls and boys in mixed groups are. My work is based on professional literature, available Internet resources and the assigned questionnaires of relationships in the classroom. In the empirical part of the work I explain the methods and phases of my research. Questionnaires also serve as a decisive factor, if there is...

The problem addressed in this study is the difference in patterns of verbal and non-verbal communication across gender and generational groups, specifically between members of traditional and urban communities. These differences, it is argued, are linked to differences in values, attitudes, beliefs, views, etc., i.e. cultural differences, between the groups. Misunderstanding in such communicative interaction arises because people are unaware of the role of cultural differences in the construction and interpretation of texts/cases of language use, for example, the gender differences in the way men and women from different age groups and different habitats (rural vs. urban) can generate misunderstanding. In the Ndebele community, there is a marked diversity in communication patterns and practices by gender. These differences in communication patterns between men and women are socially constructed and are related to power. For example, women are not expected to maintain eye contact with their male counterparts in mutual conversation. Where they disregard these communicative norms, it would be regarded as socially unacceptable and such behaviour would be regarded as disrespectful by the traditional members of the society. Non-verbal behaviour may also impede effective communication because there are different systems of using and understanding gesture, posture, silence, touch and physical appearance in different gender, age and rural/urban communities. Copyright / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Afrikaans / unrestricted

Face à l’explosion démographique des pays à faible revenu en Afrique sub-saharienne, l’agriculture joue un rôle primordial pour garantir la sécurité alimentaire. Le secteur agricole est de plus la principale source d'emploi dans cette région. Les femmes constituent la principale main-d'œuvre agricole de ces pays. En raison de leur rôle clé dans le secteur agricole, les agricultrices sont prioritaires dans les interventions politiques. Par ailleurs, dans ces pays, le conseil agricole et le partage des connaissances sont nécessaires pour s’adapter à de nouvelles contraintes. Depuis quelques années, les technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) ont permis le développement de nouveaux outils visant à améliorer la portée et l’efficacité du conseil. Les gouvernements de ces pays sont cependant confrontés à des critiques concernant l'impact de ces outils, qui peuvent également contribuer à une fracture numérique touchant plus particulièrement les femmes qui travaillent dans les exploitations agricoles familiales.La thèse de doctorat analyse comment les outils TIC tiennent compte des rapports de genre, et de la situation des femmes qui travaillent sur l’exploitation agricole familiale. La thèse est fondée sur le cas du Kenya. Elle est focalisée sur le développement des plateformes de connaissances, un instrument TIC utilisé par le Gouvernement kenyan pour atteindre les objectifs de politiques publiques. Ce pays est emblématique car il fait l'hypothèse que les plateformes peuvent être inclusives des agricultrices.Pour cette recherche, le travail s'appuie sur trois approches d’économie institutionnelle : l’économie féministe, la théorie de la régulation, et l'économie des services. Il présente un cadre méthodologique et conceptuel, développé pour analyser l'intégration des rapports de genre dans les plateformes aux échelles macro, méso et micro.Les résultats montrent que les rapports de genre sont présentés associés à un objectif d'équité pour le Gouvernement Kenyan. L'analyse confirme que les plateformes sont considérées comme de nouveaux outils d'inclusion du système de vulgarisation du gouvernement. La typologie de plateformes développée dans ce travail montre cependant que ces instruments peuvent être une source d'inégalité. Il s'agit en particulier de l'inégalité d'accès pour les agricultrices et de services standardisés qui ne correspondent pas aux attentes de ces femmes. La conjugaison de différentes approches économiques institutionnelles a permis d'analyser comment les évolutions institutionnelles affectent l'inclusion des objectifs d’égalité des sexes dans l’intervention publique et dans le fonctionnement effectif des plateformes. Les résultats présentent des leviers d’action pouvant être pris en considération par les politiques et les concepteurs des plateformes, pour une tenir compte des rapports de genre dans ce système de vulgarisation agricole et éviter d’engendrer de nouvelles discrimination. L'analyse révèle l'importance de disposer d'un espace d'intervention publique et de coordination dans ce nouveau système de conseil agricole basé sur les TICs. / Low-income sub-Saharan African countries are confronted with demographic explosion since the last 60 years. Consequently, agriculture plays a key role in ensuring food security. The agricultural sector is also the main source of employment in this region. Women are the major contributing labour force in agriculture in these sub-Saharan African countries. Connected to their key role in the agricultural sector, women farmers are prioritised in policy intervention. Moreover, agricultural extension services are necessary to adapt to different constraints in these countries. Transfer of knowledge is also required to guarantee farm yields and consequently improve small-scale farmers’ livelihoods. Lately, information and communication technologies (ICTs) have enabled the development of new tools, aimed at improving the scope and the effectiveness of advisory services. Policy makers in sub-Saharan African countries are nonetheless confronted with critical questions regarding the impact of these tools, which can also contribute to a ‘digital gender gap’. These issues particularly concern women farmers.This PhD research analyses how ICT tools take into account gender relations, and the situation of women farmers. The thesis is based on the case of Kenya. The dissertation particularly focuses on the development of knowledge-based platforms in agriculture, an ICT policy instrument used by the Kenyan Government to achieve public policy objectives. This country is emblematic because it believes in the assumption that platforms can be inclusive of women farmers’. To answer to this research question, the work is based on three different institutional economic research approaches: feminist economics, the French regulation theory, and economics of services. A conceptual and methodological framework is presented to analyse the inclusion of gender equality in knowledge-based platforms at macro-, meso-, and micro- level.The results provide evidence that gender equality objectives is a fundamental guiding principle to the Government of Kenya. The analysis show that platforms are considered as new tools of inclusiveness in farm advisory services innovation. Observations from a developed platform typology framework show however that platforms can be source of gender inequality. It especially concerns women farmers unequal access to these instruments and the standardised services that they offer. This is essentially related to the institutional nature of the platform. Indeed, as it turns out, a high number of these instruments are based upon complex partnerships, and financed by multi-national corporations and/or foundations from the agrifood industry based in the Northern hemisphere. Combining institutional economic approaches allowed to bring out critical points of inclusion to be considered by policy makers and platform developers. Disregarding these specificities may make these platforms into new vectors of exclusion. Recognising and taking into account the conditions for inclusion can bring to light powerful levers for improving the efficiency of platforms.

Brandmansyrket har under lång tid varit mansdominerat, trots att antalet kvinnor inom yrket har ökat går det än idag att se en tydlig skillnad mellan antalet kvinnliga respektive manliga brandmän. Med grund i denna problematik har denna studie syftat till att undersöka kvinnliga brandmäns upplevelser av kulturen i ett mansdominerat yrke. Studien har utgått ifrån frågeställningarna “Påverkas kulturen på arbetsplatsen av att det är ett mansdominerat yrke?” samt “Hur upplever kvinnliga brandmän att arbeta i ett mansdominerat yrke?”. För att undersöka detta har empiri samlats in genom kvalitativa intervjuer med nio kvinnliga brandmän. Med hjälp av Raewyn Connells teori om genusrelationer och hegemonisk maskulinitet samt Erving Goffmans begrepp taktfullhet, har det insamlade materialet analyserats. Intervjuerna har bidragit med förståelse för de kvinnliga brandmännens upplevelser av att arbeta i ett mansdominerat yrke. Resultatet har visat att de kvinnliga brandmännen har en positiv inställning till att arbeta i ett mansdominerat yrke samt att det har skett förändring i kulturen, men belyser vikten av en fortsatt utveckling av jämställdhetsarbetet. / For a long time firefighter has been a male dominated profession. Even though the number of female firefighters has increased there is still a distinct difference between the amount of female- and male firefighters. Based on this problem this study aimed to examine female firefighters experience of the culture in a male dominated profession. The framing questions of the study was ”Does the fact that it is a male dominated profession affect the culture in the workplace?” and ”How does female firefighters experience working in a male dominated profession?”. The study is of qualitative character and the empirical material has been collected through nine qualitative interviews with female firefighters. The empirical material has been analysed using Raewyn Connells Theory of gender realisations and hegemonic masculinity, as well as Erving Goffmans concept Tact. The interviews has contributed with understanding of the female firefighters experience of working in a male dominated profession. The results has shown that female firefighters has a positive attitude towards working in a male dominated profession and their experience is that there has been a change in the culture. Despite that they also highlight the importance of continued development of gender equality work.

<p>Drag Cuisines is an interdisciplinary study of the cultural, social, and historical interconnectedness of veganism, queerness, and animality. To interrogate these links requires mixed methods such as the collection of oral histories with self-identified queer vegans, analysis of animal themes in queer film and literature, social media analysis, and analysis of food cultures and restaurant rhetorics. Following work by prominent American Studies scholars, this project posits that the practice of veganism embodies queer performativity in how queerness and animality are ontologically linked.</p>