M.Tech. / aim of this unblinded randomized control study was to compare Chiropractic Adjustive Therapy (CAT) to Interferential Current Therapy (IFC) as treatment for Painful Minor Intervertebral Dysfunction (PMID) in the lumbar spine. The effects of CAT and IFC on lumbar spine range of motion (ROM) and pain relief from PMID were also examined. The participants of the trials were treated at the Chiropractic Day Clinic at the University of Johannesburg. Thirty participants presenting with Low Back Pain (LBP) and PMID on segmental intervertebral examination were used for this study and divided into two groups of fifteen. Group A participants were treated with CAT applied to the painful intervertebral segment. Group B participants were treated with IFC over the painful intervertebral segment. The objective data for this research was recorded by the readings obtained from the application of transverse pressure by a Pressure Algometer to the lateral aspect of a painful spinous process. Further objective readings were taken using a Digital Inclinometer to measure the participants Range of Motion (ROM). Subjective data was obtained by an Oswestry Pain and Disability Index (ODI). The subjective and the objective data were both recorded at the first, fourth and seventh visit which took place over a three week period. The results of the study showed that Group A had a statistically significant decrease in Pressure Algometer Readings and ODI scores. Group A also showed a statistically significant improvement in ROM readings for Left Lateral Flexion, Left Rotation and Right Rotation. Group B did not show any statistical significance in either the subjective or objective data. Importantly, an Inter-group comparison for the Pressure Algometer Readings also revealed an increasing statistically significant difference between Group A and Group B from the first to the fourth and seventh visit. The pain elicited by transverse pressure to a spinous process is core to the diagnosis of PMID, which can result in many pain syndromes of vertebral origin (Maigne, 2006). This research provides evidence that CAT is more beneficial than IFC for the treatment of PMID in the lumbar spine over a short and longer period of time.

Understanding the philosophy of a different culture and integrating this understanding into the provision of pharmaceutical care is challenging and complex. This thesis argues the importance for community pharmacists to acknowledge that culture, religion, family and community dynamics can impact on patients' health, health seeking behaviour and medicines adherence. The perceptions of members of the South Asian population, general practitioners, and community pharmacists about how these factors are viewed in relation to community pharmacy services were explored in this study. It was conducted in Leicester City, which has a South Asian minority ethnic population of more than 25%. Participants' views of the role of extended community pharmacy services in the wider government agenda were explored. South Asians attitudes to healthcare, self care and the management of minor ailments were discussed. A qualitative methodology approach was adopted, which used constructivist and interpretive principles. Data collection for the study was conducted in two phases. In Phase 1, one to one semi-structured interviews were conducted separately with six local GPs and five community pharmacists from both 'white' (European) and South Asian backgrounds. In Phase 2, six gender specific focus groups were convened comprising of fifty five participants in total from the Sikh, Moslem and Hindu communities. Bi-lingual community workers were used in this study which allowed a more 'sensitive' exploration of the sociological aspects of health seeking behaviour and the impact of 'cultural' influences on medicines adherence. The need for 'cultural competence' of community pharmacists is discussed as one of the major contributions to the evidence base for pharmacy practice. Such initiatives would require pharmacists to acquire more effective consultation skills in the first instance. South Asians expressed views that community pharmacists need to be more knowledgeable, responsive and flexible in their professional practice by assessing their pharmaceutical needs and being aware of particular cultural sensitivities when planning their services in line with the new pharmaceutical contract. More specifically, South Asian participants illustrated the need for community pharmacists and their staff to be more 'culturally knowledgeable' about the communities in which they practice. It is argued that the provision of a more culturally sensitive and pro-active service is needed to develop a better patient-practitioner professional relationship that promotes trust. South Asians illustrated how certain behavioural, religious and cultural beliefs impact on medicines adherence, such as compliance issues whilst on holiday to their homeland, the impact of religious pilgrimage and fasts. Many South Asian participants had limited understanding about 'generic' medicines and considered these to be 'inferior' or 'less effective' than 'branded' medication. Participants' views of 'sharing' of medicines and medicines waste were also illustrated. Factors such as 'stress', 'fate' and 'karma' and their impact on health of the participants were discussed. Many of these factors could not be solely attributable to a South Asian 'culture'. However, the findings illustrate a need for a Medicines Use Review (MUR) service to include more 'targeted' exploration of medicines adherence and medicines optimisation for this population. The findings also highlighted why South Asians rarely consult the community pharmacist about sensitive or stigmatised issues such as depression, and how some conditions and symptoms were perceived to have negative impact on the 'social acceptance' of South Asian individuals within their own communities. South Asians suggested that community pharmacists needed to be more pro-active and 'responsive' to their pharmaceutical needs and respect confidentiality through use of private consultation areas for routine counselling, health promotion and medicines information. All participants endorsed a need for more 'professional' recognition of the pharmacist not only as an autonomous health care professional, but as one integral to providing NHS services relating to medicines and public health. The findings illustrated a lack of professional collaboration between community pharmacists and GPs, confounded by community pharmacists being 'subordinate' to GPs and portraying more of a 'shopkeeper' image. South Asians were well informed about the lack of shared medical records and relied heavily on a doctor's definitive 'diagnosis' for somatic symptoms related common ailments. South Asians pro-actively engaged with 'community action' based approaches in health education and health promotion, and an opportunity for community pharmacists to become more involved with social initiatives was inferred from the findings. Candid and animated discussions explored their understanding of exercise as part of weight management and their interpretation of effects of the use of herbal products, alternative practitioners and the importance of collaboration with religious and community leaders in promoting medicines adherence. Participants desired alternative communication methods other than leaflets (translated or otherwise), including the use of audio-visual means and use of media. Communication difficulties were still prevalent, and trained interpreters were rarely used. By embracing some of these challenges, community pharmacists could enhance the value of their services and provide a more meaningful, 'culturally' competent and responsive services based on the needs of their local populations and nurture a better trusting and professional relationship with their service users and healthcare colleagues.

Anton Rubinstein was primarily recognized as one of the greatest pianists of his time. However, Rubinstein yearned for recognition as a composer and worked prodigiously to realize that goal. Unfortunately, Rubinstein's works were virtually unknown today. One of Rubinstein's finest compositions, the Piano Concerto in D Minor, op. 70 has been the most frequently performed. It is one of the first "Russian" concertos that was written by a Russian composer, and was performed in Russian concert halls instead of the homes of Russian aristocracy. It is also considered the most successful and harmonious convergent of various musical styles which influenced Rubinstein. However, there is no formal, detailed analysis of the Concerto in the entire music literature. Therefore, the main purpose of this dissertation is to provide a thorough study of the Concerto from an analytical and historical standpoint. Rubinstein was also one of the most eminent educators in Russia. The St. Petersburg Conservatory of Music, which Rubinstein helped found in 1862, has to this day produced some of the most influential musicians in Russia. The other purpose of this dissertation is to evaluate Rubinstein's role as music educator. An overview of Rubinstein's works for piano and orchestra offers a general idea of his compositional style. Literature on Anton Rubinstein currently available is limited. The two most valuable primary sources are Rubinstein's Autobiography of Anton Rubinstein, and Rubinstein's A Conversation on Music. Jeremy Norris's The Russian Piano Concerto, Volume I: The Nineteenth Century provides an insightful but short analysis on the Concerto. Sources discussing Anton Rubinstein as a pianist and an educator are relatively plentiful. Larry Sitsky's Anton Rubinstein: Annotated Catalog of Piano Works and Biography is an excellent work on Rubinstein's piano works. This dissertation includes four chapters: Chapter 1 - Introduction Chapter 2 - Rubinstein's works for piano and orchestra Chapter 3 - Piano Concerto No. 4 in D Minor, Op. 70 Chapter 4 - Conclusion.

El presente trabajo de investigación fue realizado por alumnos de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas con habilidades en el desarrollo de nuevos emprendimientos. Como parte de esta investigación se identificó en el mercado actual la necesidad de brindar un servicio de recarga de baterías para vehículos eléctricos menores, el cual tiene un público que se encuentra en incremento. Para satisfacer esta necesidad se desarrolló Thunder. El objetivo de Thunder es brindar un servicio rápido y eficiente para toda aquella persona que posea un vehículo eléctrico con el fin de trasladarse a su centro de labores o para fines sociales, haciendo que estos puedan contar con la suficiente cantidad de carga para desplazarse con mayor autonomía y, a su vez, genere rentabilidad como nuevo modelo de negocio. Nuestra propuesta de valor es brindar un servicio donde la carga de energía y el tiempo de carga son las principales necesidades para satisfacer en los usuarios. La fidelización de nuestros clientes será sostenida por una interacción activa con los usuarios, logrando a través del marketing WOM (boca a boca) la conversión de los clientes potenciales. El reemplazar la carga de estos vehículos en casa no solo genera practicidad al cliente, sino mayor disponibilidad de uso; la idea es que tengan la inyección de energía que necesitan para movilizarse sin preocupaciones. / This research work is carried out by students of the Peruvian University of Applied Sciences with skills in the development of new ventures, where we identify the need in today's market for the option of providing a battery recharging service with a public in increase that is transferred by minor electric vehicles. Thunder's objective is to provide a fast and efficient service for anyone who owns an electric vehicle to move to their work center or for social purposes, making them able to have enough cargo to move with them. greater autonomy and, in turn, generate profitability as a new business model. Our value proposition is to provide a service where energy charging and charging time are the main needs to satisfy users. The loyalty of our clients will be sustained by an active interaction with the users, achieving through conversion WOM (word of mouth) the conversion of potential clients. Replacing the load of these vehicles at home not only generates practicality for the customer but also greater availability of use; the idea is that they have the injection of energy they need to move without worries. / Trabajo de investigación

No description available.

Inom kursen för konflikthantering under musiklärarutbildningen på Kungliga Musikhögskolan i Stockholm (KMH) presenteras flera olika modeller för en effektiv konflikthantering. I föreliggande studie har två av dessa konflikthanteringsmodeller – Major Minor Equal (MME) och Non Violent Communication (NVC) ställts i relation till diagnoskriterierna för den neuropsykiatriska funktionsnedsättningen Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur konflikthanteringsmodellerna MME och NVC relaterar till diagnoskriterierna för ADHD samt att undersöka tre musiklärares utsagor kring konflikthantering och ADHD i sin vardag. I undersökningen tillämpades ett diskursanalytiskt perspektiv för att belysa vilka normer och subjektspositioner som framträder inom diskursen i litteraturen om konflikthanteringsmodellerna. Undersökningen omfattar även diskursen kring konflikthanteringsmodeller och ADHD musiklärare emellan. Intervjumetoden var en semistrukturerad fokusgruppintervju av tre musiklärare. I studiens resultat framträder att informanterna upplevde att elever med ADHD kan ha lättare för musikundervisning än mer teoretiska ämnen samtidigt som ämnets ljudande och röriga natur kan vara extra utmanande för denna grupp. Gällande konflikter och ADHD beskrev informanterna att konflikterna med elever som har ADHD skiljde sig såtillvida att de var mer oförutsägbara och impulsstyrda till sin karaktär. Studiens resultat påvisar även att det finns en risk att konflikthanteringsmodellerna MME och NVC är normativa och exkluderar elever med ADHD.

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Syftet med studien är att undersöka och belysa hur stigmatisering av personer med pedofili påverkar valet att söka vård. För att besvara syftet har sekundärdata använts, i form av intervjuer, som genomfördes i Priotabprojektet, som även denna studie omfattas av. 17 personer med pedofili intervjuades varav 14 analyserades i denna studie. Insamlade data har huvudsakligen analyserats genom Beckers stämplingsteoretiska perspektiv där stigma varit utgångspunkten. Resultaten visade på att personer med pedofili upplevde att deras situation är så stigmatiserad att de inte vågar söka stöd och att det i de fall de bett om stöd, inte funnits någon vård att tillgå. Utifrån den analys som gjordes visade studien på att stigmatisering utgjorde ett hinder för personer med pedofili att söka vård och att vården, enligt respondenterna, inte tillmötesgick deras vårdbehov.

The specific recognition of the DNA is crucial for the correct functioning of the cell. Although its mechanisms are extensively studied, the actual process is not yet fully understood, partly due to the variance observed in readout mechanisms so far. In this work, a particular type of specific recognition is examined: the shape readout in the DNA minor groove. Based on a sta- tistical analysis of three-dimensional structures of protein-DNA complexes acquired from the Protein Data Bank, I propose a previously unrecorded readout mechanism of widened minor grooves by hydrophobic amino acids. In addition, the effect of DNA sequence on the topography of the contacted locus, the preferred secondary structures and the interaction between the protein and DNA are explored, as well as the relative information amount of examined features concerning the DNA deformation. 1

The doctoral dissertation: Searching for pathomechanisms of late-life minor depression – a combined MRI, biomarker and meta-analytic study was one of the first studies investigating the underlying pathophysiology of minor depression. The dissertation comprises a systematic review of the prevalence rates of minor depression, two meta-analyses of peripheral BDNF changes in major depressive disorder, as well as two original studies investigating serum BDNF, S100B and NSE levels and gray matter changes in minor depression. The limitations of studies and proposed improvements to the study design are discussed extensively.:1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Motivation 1.1.1 Minor depression in the spectrum of psychiatric disorders 1.1.2 Minor depression is prevalent but unrecognized. 1.2 Theoretical background 1.2.1 Overview of depression hypotheses 1.2.2 Neurotrophic hypothesis of depressive disorders 1.2.3 Glial hypothesis of depressive disorders 1.2.4 Structural neuroimaging changes in major depression 1.3. Rationale and hypotheses of the empirical studies 1.3.1 Research questions 1.3.2 Research hypotheses 2. EMPIRICAL STUDIES 2.1 The prevalence of minor depression in the late life 2.2 The meta-analysis of BDNF changes in mood disorders 2.3 The meta-analysis of BDNF changes following ECT in depression 2.4 Serum biomarkers in minor depression 2.5 Structural brain imaging in minor depression 3. GENERAL DISCUSSION 3.1 Summary of results 3.2 Implications for research 3.3 Implications for clinical studies SUMMARY REFERENCES APPENDIX A: DECLARATION OF CONTRIBUTION APPENDIX B: STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP APPENDIX C: CURRICULUM VITAEAPPENDIX D: ACADEMIC CONTRIBUTIONS APPENDIX E: ACKNOWLEDGMENT