Afin de réaliser la convergence de l'infrastructure optique des réseaux d'accès fixes et mobiles, l'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier les solutions pour la distribution de porteuses radio natives à travers des réseaux d'accès optiques typiques. La première partie décrit les contextes et les principales propriétés physiques des réseaux d'accès optiques et radio : depuis les systèmes Fiber To The Home (FTTH) actuellement déployés et leurs évolutions attendues, en passant par l'actuel système radio Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) jusqu'aux exigences des futurs systèmes modernes de téléphonie mobile. Ceci permet de fixer le cadre de l'environnement optique dans lequel les fonctionnalités Radio over Fiber (RoF) devront être intégrées, et d'anticiper les figures de mérite, se rapportant aux systèmes radios, auxquelles une attention particulière devra être protée durant la mise en oeuvre. La seconde partie montre l'intérêt et les possibilités de réutiliser l'infrastructure optique des réseaux d'accès fixes pour les systèmes de radio distribuée. Ensuite est proposé un inventaire des techniques RoF analogiques et numériques, ainsi qu'une discussion quant à leur intégrabilité dans des systèmes FTTH courants. La troisième partie traite du calcul formel et de simulations d'un système de transmission RoF analogique, où la liaison optique est soit passive ou optiquement pré-amplifiée, et voire amplifiée à l'émission. L'objectif est de fournir des résultats numériques en complément aux résultats pratiques (seconde moitié de la quatrième partie) pour lesquels le rapport signal à bruit est le souci majeur. Pour cela nous utilisons successivement des expressions formelles, et des résultats numériques obtenus pour des signaux sinusoïdaux et pour des signaux UMTS plus réalistes. La quatrième et dernière partie concerne les résultats expérimentaux : d'une part ceux concernant les architectures à base de récepteur APD et à portée étendue grâce à un SOA exploité de manière bidirectionnelle, et ayant pour figure de mérite principale l'EVM ; d'autre part les résultats ayant pour figure de mérite l'ACLR, qui pour les systèmes radio dans le sens descendant, est un paramètre critique, et s'avérant être plus important que l'EVM. C'est pourquoi sont présentées des architectures RoF compatibles avec les budgets PON, permettant de surmonter les non-linéarités d'ordre 3 induites par la dispersion chromatique et le chirp du laser, qui dégradent les performances de ACLR / In order to realize the convergence of the optical infrastructure of fixed and mobile access networks, the objective of this thesis is to study the solutions for distributing native radio carriers through typical optical access networks.The first Part describes the contexts and the main physical properties of the optical and radio access networks: from nowadays deployed Fiber To The Home (FTTH) systems, and their expected evolutions, to the current radio system Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) towards the expected requirements of modern mobile radio systems. This allows to settle the optical environment in which the Radio over Fiber(RoF)-functionalities will have to be integrated, and to know on which radio systems'figures of merits to focus on when implementing it. The second Part shows the benefit and possibilities of re-using the optical infrastructure of the fixed access networks for distributed radio systems. Then a review of the analog and digital RoF techniques is proposed, and their feasibility of integration into legacy FTTH systems is discussed. The third part deals with the computing and simulations of an analog RoF-system where the optical link is either passive or optically pre-amplified, and even boosted. The goal is to provide numerical results to the practical lab. results of the second half of the fourth part where the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) matters. Therefore successively formal expressions, numerical results for simple 2-tone signals and more realistic UMTS signals are considered. The fourth and last part deals with the obtained practical results. These can be split into two main categories : Error Vector Magnitude (EVM)-oriented results where an Avalanche Photo-Detector (APD) is used for legacy and extended-reach PON architectures using a direction shared Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) ; and an Adjacent/Alternate Channel power Leakage Ratio (ACLR)-driven part where the focus is seton a very critical figure of merit of radio systems, especially in the downlink. The latter part turned out to be mandatory and prevailing over the initially considered EVM concerns. Hence several RoF architectures, compatible with PONs, are introduced in order to overcome the non-linearities undergone by the RoF-signals, induced by the chromatic dispersion of the PON's fiber and the laser chirp, and degrading the ACLR performances

[pt] Nesta dissertação são investigadas situações em que se faz necessária a sobreposição de informações digitais ao ambiente físico em que o usuário está, uma condição proporcionada pela utilização do recurso da Realidade Aumentada (RA). São consideradas, na pesquisa, aplicações da tecnologia que empregam a técnica de Video See-Through (VST) para utilização em celulares. São apresentadas diferentes definições de RA, delimitando-se conceitos tangentes à tecnologia, tais como Realidade Virtual e Computação Ubíqua, para promover uma discussão acerca das definições levantadas. Em seguida, se apresentam algumas soluções, mais encontradas no mercado, de aplicativos de RA para celular, analisando-se os impactos da utilização de ferramentas específicas no seu processo de criação e desenvolvimento. Considerando-se ainda aspectos sociais e filosóficos inerentes à tecnologia, busca-se uma melhor compreensão dos conceitos-base de espaço, tempo e realidade a que a RA recorre para operar, a fim de subsidiar a discussão acerca da tecnologia e criar o embasamento teórico para as análises subsequentes. / [en] This dissertation investigates situations that require the overlay of digital information to the user environment, a condition provided by the use of Augmented Reality (AR) technology. In the research, there are considered applications of the technology that uses the Video See-Through (VST) technique on mobile phones. The dissertation presents different definitions of AR, delimiting tangent concepts such as Virtual Reality and Ubiquitous Computing, to arouse a discussion about the definitions. Then, it presents some of the mobile applications most used in the market, analyzing the impact on using some specific tools in its creation and development process. Considering further social and philosophical aspects inherent to the technology, it seeks to better understand the basic concepts of space, time and reality that the AR uses to operate, in order to support the discussion about the technology and to create the theoretical basis for subsequent analysis.

[pt] Com rápido crescimento nos últimos anos, o mercado de telecomunicações está ficando cada vez mais saturado. Como a comunicação tradicional por meio de serviços de voz já é amplamente utilizada, as operadoras têm enfrentado dificuldades em atrair novos usuários. Neste cenário, as operadoras têm direcionado cada vez mais esforços nas ações de cross-selling para rentabilizar sua base de clientes, oferecendo e estimulando o uso de novos serviços. Nesta pesquisa, serão utilizados dados existentes no banco de dados de uma operadora de telefonia móvel do mercado brasileiro para testar um modelo que facilita a identificação dos clientes mais propensos à contratação de novos serviços. Os dados foram tratados por meio de técnicas de mineração de dados e árvore de decisão. Os resultados sugerem que, com base na modelagem proposta, ações de cross-selling podem ser otimizadas com o aumento da taxa de retorno e, conseqüentemente, redução no custo das abordagens e menos desgaste da base de clientes com contatos irrelevantes. / [en] Due to its fast growth in recent years, the wireless market is becoming increasingly saturated. Since traditional communication through voice services is already widely used by most individuals, wireless carriers are facing difficulties in finding and attracting new users for such services. Given this scenario, enterprises are turning their attention to cross-selling campaigns to monetize their client base, offering and stimulating the use of new services. In this research, an existent data set from a Brazilian mobile telecom carrier was used to test a model that could facilitate the identification of current customers more likely to be interested in acquiring new services. The data were analyzed and modeled via data mining and decision tree. The results suggest that, if the proposed model is used, cross-selling campaigns could be optimized, achieving an increased rate of return, reduction in the cost of contacts and less wear of the client base with irrelevant offers.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:12:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elaine Souza Resende Sklorz.pdf: 4197226 bytes, checksum: bcc6fb1e1daca799116f0c0c7336ac58 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-24 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The cultural appropriations of mobile phones used in public transportation in situations of stop-and-go traffic in the cities of São Paulo and Frankfurt are the object of this research. As objective it was sought to identify in which way individuals, in the possession of their devices, take the time during the prolonged journeys caused by continuous traffic jams. It was intended to get to local translations of this global phenomenon of pervasive and ubiquitous using of mobile phones, mapping until which point this indiscriminate use impacts social, professional and personal relations. Does a larger appropriation of digital techniques or instruments, by itself, ensure advantage on the route in metropolises? To what extends the fact of carrying along a cell phone or any other mobile technology drives away the discomfort of an infallible traffic jam? Do cultural and social conditions of the user show by their use habits of these technologies? It was analyzed subway and bus users during the periods of traffic jams peaks: from 7 a.m. to 10 a.m. and from 5 p.m. to 8 p.m. in Sao Paulo and in Frankfurt, Germany. As hypothesis it was understood that there are local translations of full time use and in movement use of mobile phone. Because of this idea of cultural appropriation, the adopted method, which consisted on bibliographic surveys and theoretical and epistemological reflections on the study s object, also used questionnaires among cell phone users, through traffic, on public transportation platforms of the two metropolises. The theoretical picture included postulates of Amalio Pinheiro on Latin America, its mosaics and miscegenations; from Bastide; Maffesoli; Castells; Certeau; Flusser; Bauman; Augé; De Souza e Silva; Santaella; Lemos e Ferrara on local translations, environment, hybridism, similarity, city s transformations, marketability, urban space, place, territory, nomadism, mobility and cell phone. This research concluded that socio-cultural standards of a certain population result in unique ways of use of technology. These technological appropriations and reappropriations indicate that consumption, way beyond possession, set up ways of being and living that interact with subjectivity s construction, what implies saying that social groups secluded from access to digital technologies and to technological mobility, above all by economical matters, in some extend are secluded from the processes of movement and social mobility. Global sharing and consumption of technologies favor constant tension between the heterogeneity of local practices and the cultural homogenization / As apropriações culturais dos telefones celulares em uso nos transportes públicos das cidades de São Paulo e de Frankfurt, em situações de lentidão de trânsito, é objeto desta pesquisa. Como objetivo buscou-se identificar de que forma os indivíduos, de posse de seus aparelhos, consomem o tempo envolvido nos deslocamentos prolongados por contínuos engarrafamentos. Como problemática da pesquisa pretendeu-se chegar às traduções locais desse fenômeno global de utilização pervasiva e ubíqua de telefones celulares, mapeando até que ponto esse uso indiscriminado impacta as relações sociais, profissionais e pessoais. Uma maior apropriação de técnicas ou instrumentais digitais, por si só, garantem vantagem no percurso móvel das metrópoles? Em que medida o fato de carregar consigo um celular ou qualquer outra tecnologia móvel afugenta o mal-estar diante de um irremediável congestionamento no trânsito? A condição social e cultural do usuário é extravasada por meio dos hábitos de uso dessas mesmas tecnologias? No recorte estão usuários de metrô, trem e ônibus em trânsito nos períodos de pico de congestionamento: das 7h às 10h e das 17h às 20h em São Paulo e em Frankfurt, na Alemanha. Como hipótese entendeu-se que há traduções locais para a utilização full time e em movimento do telefone celular. Por conta dessa ideia de apropriação cultural, o método adotado, que consistiu em levantamento bibliográfico e em reflexões teóricas e epistemológicas sobre o objeto de estudo, também se utilizou da aplicação de questionários entre usuários de celular, em trânsito, nas plataformas de transportes públicos das duas metrópoles. O quadro teórico incluiu postulados de Amalio Pinheiro sobre a América Latina, seus mosaicos e mestiçagens; de Bastide; Maffesoli; Castells; Certeau; Flusser; Bauman; Augé; De Souza e Silva; Santaella; Lemos e Ferrara sobre traduções locais, ambiências, hibridismos, convergência, transformações da cidade, liquidez, espaços urbanos, lugar, territórios, nomadismo, mobilidades e telefone celular. A pesquisa concluiu que os padrões socioculturais de uma população resultam em modos singulares de uso de uma tecnologia. Essas apropriações e reapropriações tecnológicas indicam que as práticas de consumo, muito além da posse, estabelecem modos de ser e de viver que interagem com a construção de subjetividades, o que implica dizer que grupos sociais alijados do acesso às tecnologias digitais, à mobilidade tecnológica, sobretudo por questões econômicas, em alguma medida são alijados dos processos de deslocamento físico e de mobilidade social. O compartilhamento e consumo global de tecnologias promovem uma tensão constante entre a valorização das práticas heterogêneas de cada cultura e a homogeneização da mesma

[pt] Esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar as estratégias de marketing implementadas pela Oi, a terceira entrante no mercado brasileiro de telefonia móvel, desde o seu pré-lançamento comercial até junho de 2004 para identificar os aspectos que tiveram influência nos resultados alcançados na penetração do mercado da telefonia móvel. Apesar da forte retração da atividade econômica observada no Brasil nos últimos anos, particularmente de 2002 a meados de 2004, a planta de telefonia móvel registrou significativa expansão, superando à da telefonia fixa (em 2003) e chegando a 59,7 milhões de linhas em outubro de 2004. O desempenho operacional da Oi nos 12 primeiros meses de atuação tornou-se um caso de sucesso, reconhecido por analistas americanos e europeus, tendo conseguido em apenas 24 meses de operações cerca de 21% do market share na sua região de atuação. Baseados no tratamento dos dados e informações coletadas através das entrevistas realizadas com os dirigentes, e da investigação documental dos relatórios da própria empresa e da Telemar, sua controladora, e de pesquisas externas, em publicações, estudos, relatórios e web sites; verificou-se que grande parte desse sucesso deveu-se principalmente às estratégias de marca, de inovação, do processo de distribuição, e a figura do pré-pago. / [en] The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the marketing strategies implemented by Oi, the first third new commer in the Brazilian wireless marketplace, as of the business pre-launch up to July, 2004, to identify which enabled the Company to achieve that performance. Despite the strong retraction of the economic activity in Brazil for the latest years, mainly from 2002 up to mid 2004, the wireless telecommunications plant recorded a significant expansion, outdoing the wireline telecommunications (2003) and attaining 59.7 million of telephone lines in October, 2004. The performance of Oi in the first 12 months of operations became a success, acknowledged by American and European analysts, considering that in one year of operations the Company obtained approximately 21% of the market share in its segment of operations. Based on the processing of the data and of the information gathered by means of interviews carried out with directors, on the document research into the reports of the Company and of the Parent Company, Telemar, as well as based on the external researches into publications, studies, reports and websites; we noted that most of the success of the Company results mainly from the marketing strategies, from the innovations in the distribution process and from the use of the pre-paid mobile phone to develop price strategies.

本研究使用Android智慧型手機結合無線感測器，提供一個便利學習者攜帶、使用之輔助學習系統，並於智慧型手機提供互動區以利同儕間進行課業討論。系統即時感測、記錄學習者學習行為，並以智慧型手機做為感測資料蒐集及處理中心，為了利用蒐集之學習資料產生最佳推論結果，採用SVM(Support Vector Machine)分類技術進行資料之推論及分析。 本系統之評量及實驗，係藉由讓大學生使用系統，蒐集預測模型建立所需之資料，並了解學習者對本系統之觀感、接受度及系統預測準確率。評量以實驗者前、後測進步情況作為標準，探討與學習情況之關係，藉此了解使用智慧型手機結合感測器輔助學習者進行自我管理，進而提升學習成效。 / We propose a portable, convenient learning assisted system that uses Android Smartphone with wireless sensors. The system senses and collects the data of learning behavior and uses the Smartphone as processing unit to collect statistics. For optimizing inference, we used SVM(Support Vector Machine) technology to analyze the collected data . For evaluating the system , we invited college students to join the experiment and use the system. Therefore, we can collect data to construct the prediction models, knowing better about the accuracy , impression and acceptance of the system , and then realizing the feasibility of using Smartphone with wireless sensors to assist learner promoting learning effect by self-management strategy.

<p>Syftet med uppsatsen är att bidra till att öka kunskapen om hur tekniska hjälpmedel kan användas för att underlätta vardagen för vuxna människor med ADHD.  För att åstadkomma detta görs en genomgång av vilka problem som kan föreligga vid ADHD och vilka strukturer och aktörer som finns i samhället för att erbjuda hjälp och stöd som vuxna med ADHD kan ha behov av. Därefter betraktas vilka strategier och metoder som kan vara användbara för att kompensera för de problem ADHD kan innebära och hur teknik, såväl specialtillverkade hjälpmedel som vanliga produkter, kan användas för att kompensera. En översikt görs av hur teknik kan utformas för att bli användbar, såväl generellt som mer specifikt rörande utformning av hjälpmedel. Detta åskådliggörs genom exempel från några svenska hjälpmedelsprojekt följt av en probleminventering där ett antal studiebesök och intervjuer har tjänat som en bakgrund för förståelse av den stora mängd strukturer, aktörer och hjälpmedel som är möjliga men emellanåt svårtillgängliga vägar till hjälp för vuxna med ADHD.</p><p> </p><p>De som i slutänden kan avgöra vilken nytta ett hjälpmedel innebär är brukarna själva. Deras upplevelser och erfarenheter är en ovärderlig källa till kunskap. Under arbetets gång har frågeställningen preciserats till att lyda: <em>"Hur kan vanliga mobiltelefoner användas som hjälpmedel för att underlätta vardagen för vuxna med ADHD?"</em>.<em> </em>För att besvara denna fråga har semistrukturerade riktade intervjuer genomförts med fyra kvinnor med ADHD som använder mobiltelefonen som hjälpmedel i sin vardag. Intervjuerna har transkriberats och kategoriserats för att identifiera hur mobiltelefoner används, vad som fungerar bra och mindre bra och vad kan göra att mobiltelefonen upplevs som ett fungerande hjälpmedel.</p><p> </p><p>Resultaten från bearbetning och analys av intervjuerna sammanställs i kapitlet sammanfattande analys i avsnitt med användbara funktioner, användbara egenskaper och perspektiv på stödbehov och hjälparroll. I diskussionskapitlet föreslås sedan vidare användning av resultaten i avsnitten teoretiska implikationer och praktiska implikationer. Min förhoppning är att dessa avsnitt tillsammans med de listor och tumregler som presenterats i den teoretiska referensramen skall kunna vara användbara för att identifiera behov och möjliga lösningar som kan vara värdefulla att pröva i det enskilda fallet.</p><p> </p><p>En person kan behöva stöd för att ta till vara de möjligheter mobiltelefonen erbjuder som hjälpmedel. Hjälpen kan behövas i något eller alla steg från problemidentifiering och införskaffande till införande, fortlöpande uppföljning och utvärdering av hjälpmedelsanvändningen. Stödet kan behöva vara av så väl strukturell och habiliterande art som av teknisk natur för att hjälpmedelsanvändningen skall bli så framgångsrik som är möjligt. Siktet bör vara mot vad som kan innebära kvalitet, mervärde och avlastning för individen i dennes liv, inte vad som är ADHD-symptom och hur dessa skall kompenseras.</p><p> </p><p>Vuxna med ADHD är en mycket heterogen grupp och de resultat som presenteras i uppsatsen är att betrakta som en utgångspunkt för vidare funderingar och prövning snarare än som färdiga lösningar som passar alla med ADHD.</p><p> </p>

Wireless applications have become a common part of daily life. Whether it is mobile phones, the Wi-Fi router at home, the keycard which has replaced the car key, a radio frequency identification access system to a building or a Bluetooth headset for your computer or phone, the means of modern wireless data exchange is an omnipresent technology. In sports, the market is in its infancy for wireless, technical applications or gadgets. Only heart rate monitors and GPS watches are currently used by recreational athletes. Even though most of the larger sports equipment companies regularly launch new products related to sports performance monitoring and mobile phone technology, product innovation leaps are rare.In this work the design of a wireless sports performance measurement platform is presented. Using the example of kayaking, this platform is configured as a paddle performance measuring system, the Kayak XL System, which can monitor propulsive paddle force, paddle kinematics and boat velocity, interalia. A common mobile phone platform has been chosen as the user interface for this system. The design approach focussing on user requests, demands and expectations in combination with the process of iterative technical development are unveiled in this thesis. An evaluation of the system is presented and the work is finalised with an overview of further systems which have been designed based on the developed measurement platform. The Kayak XL System is a flexible system designed to be mounted onto any standard kayak paddle and installed in any competition kayak. Versatility, unobtrusiveness and usability were major design concerns. The developed system consists of four modules plus a software which has been designed for Android mobile phones. The phone communicates with each of the four modules trough Bluetooth radio. These four modules are also referred to as nodes and have specific measurement purposes. Two nodes have been designed to measure paddle force and kinematics, one node has the purpose to measure foot stretcher force and boat motion data, and the fourth node enables a more convenient method of calibrating paddle force measurement. The fourth node is therefore only needed prior to performance data acquisition. Results show that paddle and foot stretcher force can be measured with a resolution below 1N after calibration. Installing the paddle nodes on a previously configured paddle without repeated calibration is facilitated with the compromise of a doubled error margin. The default sampling frequency is set to 100 Hz and can, like all system parameters, be configured on the mobile phone. Real-time computation of complex performance parameters is only limited by the phone CPU. The system adds twice 109 g to the paddle and approximately 850 g to the kayak, excluding the mass of the mobile phone / <p>QC 20120827</p>

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<!--[if gte mso 10]> <mce:style><! /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;} --> <!--[endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" /> </xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:shapelayout v:ext="edit"> <o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" /> </o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--> The 1990s is commonly referred as the Golden Age for High Technology and during this time the industry grew with a rapid speed. As a result, the consumers were presented with a various number of innovative products such as the Internet, computers and mobile phones. Within the High Tech frame, one of the fastest growing industries is the mobile phone handset industry. In 2006, 800,2 million mobile phones were sold worldwide and the market value was $104,3 billion. Forecasts about the mobile phone market predicts that the market will grow to 1,8 billion units in 2011 and have a value of $211,9 billion.   However, during this time, the researcher, Geoffrey Moore, identified a problem for the High Tech companies, i.e. the chasm. The chasm is a gap between the early market and the mainstream market that has arisen due to the characteristics of the high tech industry and the differences between these two groups. Due to the fact, that the early market only represents 10-15% of the total market it is vital for companies to cross the chasm and reach the mainstream market, in order to cover the high initial R&amp;D costs.   Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to conduct a qualitative study within the Swedish mobile phone industry to understand how the manufacturers’ products are crossing the chasm.   The research has been carried out as a case study, and two of the largest mobile phone manufacturers were used as cases, Sony Ericsson and LG Electronics. The data collection was of qualitative nature and four respondents were chosen to be interviewed.   In the Swedish mobile phone industry, the researchers have identified two types of products; class products and innovation product, which have been identified, defined and named by the researchers themselves. Class products are defined as “mobile phones with no significant innovation value for the consumers”, whereas innovation products are defined as “mobile phones with high innovation value”. The main difference is that class products will never attract the interest of the early market and therefore they are usually launched directly to the mainstream market, ignoring the chasm. Factors such as incremental changes, development of IT, changes in how to market new technologies and overlapping groups in the life cycle has narrowed down the chasm in the industry for innovation products. The most important strategy in order to reach the mainstream market is partnerships and alliances and it is impossible for a manufacturer to survive on their own.

<p>Market information and established communication between seller and buyer play an important role in business activities. This thesis investigates the Transkei area in the Eastern Cape&nbsp / Province, South Africa to find out how to empower rural farmers by providing them with less-expensive mobile technology enabling them to post and advertise their produce, access market&nbsp / information on a common database, and find and communicate with potential customers. The farmers&rsquo / requirements were identified using quantitative and qualitative methods and a prototype&nbsp / consisting of USSD and web applications was developed. It allows the farmer to follow a sequence of menu commands to send a request to the database and access market information, such&nbsp / as commodity prices, and post information about their own produce so as to attract more customers. The low cost of USSD and the ubiquity of mobile phones enable the system to be usable, affordable and effective. During the final stage of development, the system was tested successfully and addressed a major problem faced by farmers, i.e. lack of access to market information.</p>